Thickness Swelling Properties Research Articles

PRODUCTION OF MDP PANELS WITH YERBA MATE HARVEST RESIDUES

The quality of MDP panels produced with Pinus taeda wood particles mixed with yerba mate harvest residues was evaluated. Monolayer panels were produced with the addition of 0. 20. 40. 60. 80 and 100% proportion of yerba mate waste, with a nominal specific gravity of 0.65 g.cm-³, using 12% urea-formaldehyde resin, 0.5% paraffin and 2% ammonium sulfate catalyst. The panels were pressed for 10 minutes at a temperature of 140°C and pressure of 40 kgf/cm². The physical properties of apparent density, moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling (2 and 24 hours) were evaluated, as well as the mechanical properties of static bending (MOR and MOE), internal bonding, screw withdrawal on the face and Janka hardness. There was a trend towards an increase in internal bonding with an increase in the proportion of yerba mate residue in the panels, but the opposite occurred for the other mechanical properties studied. Some physical properties such as water absorption and thickness swelling resulted in better performance when yerba mate particles were added. In view of this, it can be concluded that it is possible to produce panels with the addition of yerba mate up to 40% in the composition with yerba mate particles, without affecting the quality of the properties.

Performance Evaluation of Carbon Fiber Fabric-Reinforced Formaldehyde-Free High-Strength Plywood.

Plywood is lightweight, strong, and durable, making it a widely used material in building decoration and furniture areas. In this study, formaldehyde-free, high-strength plywood was prepared through the incorporation of carbon fiber fabrics (CFFs) as reinforcement layers and their bonding with maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) films. Various tests were performed to assess the impact of the carbon fiber fabric positioning on the physical and mechanical properties of plywood, including tensile shear strength, flexural strength, water absorption, thickness swelling, and electro-thermal properties. The results revealed that the plywood with CFFs exhibited significantly higher mechanical properties than plywood without CFFs. Particularly, the addition of CFFs increased the tensile strength of the plywood by nearly 54.43%, regardless of the CFFs' position. The symmetric placement of CFFs near the bottom and upper layers of the plywood resulted in a maximum modulus of rupture of 85.6 MPa. These findings were validated by numerical simulations. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the plywood microstructures revealed that MAPE penetrated both the vessels and xylem of the wood veneers and the pores of the CFFs, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the plywood. Plywood reinforced with CFFs exhibited increased water absorption and thickness swelling after immersion. Additionally, the placement of CFFs influenced the electro-thermal properties of the plywood. Plywood with CFFs positioned near the bottom and upper surfaces exhibited superior thermal conductivity. Overall, this study presents a feasible method for developing high-performance, formaldehyde-free plywood and sustainable wood-based structural materials with potential applications in geothermal flooring.

Preparation and Characterization of Paving Blocks from Polyethylene-Based Plastic Waste and Natural Fibre

The current methods of managing plastic waste especially in developing countries have become an issue of environmental and public health concern globally. This has led environmentalists and scientists to work on finding day-to-day activities that can help to reduce the plastic waste disposal problem. Recycling and reuse of plastic waste into construction materials is a valid way to reduce the effect of this improper disposal of plastic waste. This will help to reduce the negative impact of the high cost of cement in the construction industry. In this research, polyethylene waste (table water sachet) was used as a replacement for cement in the construction of paving blocks. The sample with a 1:4 mixing ratio was found to have the highest compressive strength among the different mix ratio examined. Paving blocks were then produced with this mixing ratio from plastic-aggregates and plastic-aggregate-fibre and compared with the standard cement-aggregate paving blocks for their compressive and tensile strengths, water absorption, thickness swelling, density, and thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and horizontal burning rate). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) was also conducted on the paving blocks to determine the distribution of the particles of the blocks, the compatibility of the matrix, and their elemental composition. The results of the compressive strength test showed 18.1667 Nmm<sup>-2</sup> for plastic-aggregate block, though lower when compared with the cement-aggregate block with a compressive strength of 21.6667 Nmm<sup>-2</sup>. The plastic-aggregate block has the least water absorption value among the three samples. The 0.1350% and 1.8861% water absorption values obtained for the plastic-aggregate and plastic-aggregate-fibre bricks respectively showed an impressive water absorption which falls within the maximum of 5% water absorption for quality paving blocks. The plastic-aggregate and plastic-aggregate-fibre both also recorded lower density when compared with the cement-aggregate block, which gives them a logistic advantage over the cement-aggregate block in the case of transporting them from one location to another. The blocks were found to be stable at low temperatures. The SEM images of the plastic-aggregate and plastic-fibre-aggregate paving blocks clearly showed a consistent dispersion of the plastic waste particles within the aggregate matrix over that of the cement-aggregate paving block. Therefore, plastic-aggregate brick can be recommended for use as paving bricks for low-traffic roads, walkways, parks, and gardens, although there is need to carry out further studies on other material properties of the plastic-based paving block.

Mechanical Characterization, Water Absorption, and Thickness Swelling of Lightweight Pineapple Leaf/Ramie Fabric-Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Composites.

Fiber-reinforced composites are among the recognized competing materials in various engineering applications. Ramie and pineapple leaf fibers are fascinating natural fibers due to their remarkable material properties. This research study aims to unveil the viability of hybridizing two kinds of lignocellulosic plant fiber fabrics in polymer composites. In this work, the hybrid composites were prepared with the aid of the hot compression technique. The mechanical, water-absorbing, and thickness swelling properties of ramie and pineapple leaf fiber fabric-reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites were identified. A comparison was made between non-hybrid and hybrid composites to demonstrate the hybridization effect. According to the findings, hybrid composites, particularly those containing ramie fiber as a skin layer, showed a prominent increase in mechanical strength. In comparison with non-hybrid pineapple leaf fabric-reinforced composites, the tensile, flexural, and Charpy impact strengths were enhanced by 52.10%, 18.78%, and 166.60%, respectively, when the outermost pineapple leaf fiber layers were superseded with ramie fabric. However, increasing the pineapple leaf fiber content reduced the water absorption and thickness swelling of the hybrid composites. Undeniably, these findings highlight the potential of hybrid composites to reach a balance in mechanical properties and water absorption while possessing eco-friendly characteristics.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fiberboard Made of MDF Residues and Phase Change Materials

The wood-based panel industry is experiencing an excessive accumulation of solid residues from the production of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) panels and moldings. It is possible to create new MDF products with acceptable physical and mechanical properties by revaluing MDF residues. Additionally, those products’ thermal properties can be improved by incorporating phase change materials (PCMs). This study aims to develop a wood-based fiberboard made of MDF residues, capable of storing thermal energy. Two types of PCMs (liquid and microencapsulated), two PCM ratios (2% and 6%), and two types of adhesives (urea-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde) were used to produce eight different types of panels. The vertical density profile, thickness swelling, water absorption, internal bond (IB), and static bending properties—modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR)—were determined for each panel type. The specific heat of the panels was also determined. The results show the panels’ densities were greater than 700 kg/m3. Thickness swelling in water improved by 23% compared to the reference value of the control panel PCMs after PCM incorporation. The highest IB value was 1.30 MPa, which is almost three times the minimum required by regulation standards. The incorporation of PCMs reduced the panels’ bending properties compared to the properties of the control panels. Even though the values obtained are sufficient to comply with the minimum values set out in ANSI standard A208.2 with an MOE value of 2072.4 MPa and the values obtained are sufficient to comply with the minimum standards with an MOE value of 2072.4 MPa and an MOR value of 16.4 MPa, when microencapsulated PCM is used, the specific heat of the panels is increased by more than 100% over that of the control panels. This study developed fiberboards with adequate physical and mechanical properties and capable of storing thermal energy.

The Evaluation of Tree Bark as Filler for Wood-Plastic Composites: Experimental Study and Modelling

Tree bark is one of the waste materials produced during harvesting. In this study, tree bark was evaluated for the production of WPCs. Three tree barks (Oak, Calabrian pine, and Cedar) were added to the matrix as an alternative for wood flour (20-80 mesh). Different tree bark content (10, 20, 40%) were also selected. The tree bark-based WPCs were produced with the flat-pressed method. The effect of tree bark on water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) were investigated during the 14 days. Tree barks have a significant effect on the WA and TS properties of the composites. As the bark content increased, the WA and TS values decreased. While the WA values increased up to 11.27% for control samples, it is only 3.27% for 40% of tree bark. Similar results were also observed for TS values. Also, the prediction models were developed using multiple linear regression (MLR). Correlation coefficient (R2) values of models were determined as 0.882, 0.853, and 0.850 for oak, Calabrian pine, and cedar WA values and 0.889, 0.839, and 0.879 for oak, Calabrian pine, and cedar TS values, respectively. The results showed that tree bark has the potential as an alternative to wood flour for WPC production.

Physical-mechanical properties of MDP panels with the addition of melamine paper in the internal layer

Particleboard panels find extensive application in the furniture sector, but their low stability in contact with water hinders their utilization. Simultaneously, the trimmings of melamine paper, exhibiting hydrophobic properties, used in panel finishing, represent unused industrial waste. This study aimed to evaluate the physical-mechanical properties of MDP (Medium Density Particleboard) panels produced with Pinus taeda and castor oil-based polyurethane resin with the addition of different proportions of melamine paper (0, 5, and 10%). The properties of density, moisture content, thickness swelling, water absorption, static bending, internal bonding, and screw withdrawal resistance, on face and top, were evaluated, following normative documents. At the end of the tests, statistical analysis was conducted at a 5% significance level to check any statistical differences among the means. The addition of melamine paper caused to an increase in panel density and moisture content, but all treatments remained within the ideal range. Thickness swelling and water absorption decreased, while all mechanical properties improved with an increase in the quantity of added melamine paper. Therefore, the use of melamine paper in MDP panels is viable and beneficial, notably the treatment with a 10% addition of melamine paper.

Preparation and characterization of plywood panels using recycled HDPE as a formaldehyde-free adhesive: A comparative study

Formaldehyde-based resins such as urea-formaldehyde (UF) are the most widely used adhesives in the plywood industry. However, due to the concerns about formaldehyde toxicity, there is a need to develop formaldehyde-free adhesive materials. Therefore, the present study aimed to minimize or eliminate the harmful effects of UF resin by using recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) from post-consumed fruit packing boxes as a nontoxic adhesive. Three-layer plywood panels using poplar veneers and recycled HDPE films were prepared. UF was used as a control adhesive for the comparison. The influence of three variable parameters in terms of HDPE content (from 80 to 320 g/m2), hot-pressing temperature (from 140 to 180 °C), and pressing duration (from 3 to 8 min) on the properties of plywood panels were evaluated. For evaluation, physical properties, namely water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), and mechanical properties, namely modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and glue-line shear strength of the samples, were studied. The findings of this work confirmed that HDPE films gave the values of mechanical properties of plywood panels comparable to those obtained with UF adhesive, even though the adhesive content and pressing time were lower than when the UF adhesive was used. The obtained bonding strength values of HDPE-bonded plywood panels ranged from 0.82 to 1.60 MPa and met the requirement for the European Standard EN 314-2. According to FE-SEM micrographs, the fractured surface of plywood panels with 240 g/m2 of HDPE displayed a homogeneous cross-section area, and a large amount of HDPE was attached to the veneer surfaces. It was found that the average mechanical properties tended to increase with an increase in the pressing temperature and time. The type of adhesive had a significant effect on WA and TS. The smallest values of WA and TS were observed in plywood samples using high contents of HDPE films (240 and 320 g/m2). The optimum conditions were an HDPE loading of 240 g/m2, a hot-pressing temperature of 160 °C, and a hot-pressing time of 5 min. The overall results showed that recycled HDPE had enough potential to reuse as a promising adhesive for the environmentally-friendly plywood manufacturing.

Dolomit ve Olivin ile Kızılçam Odun Yonga Karışımından Üretilen Deneme Levhalarının Özellikleri. Bölüm 1. Fiziksel Özellikler

The effects of two mineral adducts (dolomite and olivine) as proportion in Calabrian pine wood chip based-experimental panels which bonded with synthetic adhesive (UF) were evaluated. It appears both minerals (P: calabrian pine wood chip-, X: Dolomite- Y: Olivine in composite proportions) improve the water repellent efficiency (WRE) properties at certain extent. In all experimental procedure, WRE increased with dolomite and olivine proportions higher than >10% in board formulations. The highest WRE of -34.2% and -35.4% were found with PX5 and PY5 samples that made with 1:1 (w/w) dolomite/wood and olivine/wood formulations, respectively. Like water sorption, similar trend was also found for thickness swelling (TS) properties. The lower TS values were found to be in range of -11.2 to -56.4% for dolomite-, and -55.5 to -69.5% for olivine based panels, respectively. Only samples of PX1, which produced 1:9 dolomite/wood chips (w,w, %) proportions, show higher IB value than control (PX0: 0.87 MPa vs PX1: 0.99 MPa) while rest of dolomite- pine wood panels show lower IB values. In contrast to dolomite, olivine appear to be improving effects on IB properties at certain conditions. The highest IB value of 1.21 MPa was found with sample PY4, which produced 4:6 olivine/wood chips (w,w, %) proportions, indicate approximately 39.1% higher IB value than control. It is notable that olivine seems to more effective than dolomite at similar board properation formulations in terms of lowering TS, WA and creating higher internal bond strength properties than dolomite based panels at similar experimental conditions. However, only sample of PY1, made with 1:9 (w, w,%) olivine/wood and proportions, show higher bending strength (13.27 MPa) and elasticity (2468.2 MPa than control (PY0:12.75 MPa vs 2245.2 MPa).

SUITABILITY OF ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULA L.) FOR CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER (CLT)

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) CLT is an excellent material for building and high load-bearing structural applications, but its fabrication and use are limited to softwood only. The suitability of aspen (Populus tremula L) wood for manufacturing CLT was assessed by using two adhesives, one-component polyurethane (1C-PUR) and melamine adhesive (ME). Physical properties like water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), delamination, and mechanical properties like bond shear strength, bending modulus of elasticity, bending strength, and rolling shear strength were evaluated to examine its suitability. Compared to ME-bonded CLT, 1C-PUR bonded CLT panels displayed superior physical characteristics, with 70% passing the delamination test. CLT panels bonded with 1C-PUR adhesive also have better mechanical properties than ME-bonded CLT. CLT panels experienced three types of bending failure: rolling shear, delamination, and tension. Aspen CLT has similar or higher mechanical properties than traditional softwoods, making it suitable for CLT manufacturing.

Development of lignocellulosic-plastic composite from rice husk and polyethylene

As the demand for wood and wood-based resources keeps outstripping its regeneration, forests are depleting rapidly. To curtail this, it is imperative to shift towards the use of alternative raw materials such as agricultural residues. This study entails the development of lignocellulosic-plastic composites from Rice Husk (RH) and Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene (RLDPE) binder with the potential of augmenting the wood-based composites. Herein, RH was milled, graded into two particle sizes (2 mm and 4 mm), and mixed with RLDPE at two binder ratios (40 wt% and 50 wt%). The obtained composites were evaluated by density, water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TSW), tensile strength (TS) and bending properties - modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR). In general, the increase of binder from 40% to 50% resulted in significant improvement of both physical and mechanical properties; while the increment of RH particle size showed slight differences in the properties. Composite with 50% binder content and 4 mm particle size was observed to have the best performance which conforms to the requirements for general-purpose application and door core application.

Water absorption, thickness swelling and mechanical properties of cement bonded wood composite treated with water repellent

Water absorption, thickness swelling and mechanical properties of cement bonded wood composite treated with water repellent

Effects of organically-modified montmorillonite and alkalinization on physical, mechanical, chemical, morphological, and thermal properties of wheat straw/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites

Valorization of wheat straw fiber/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites was investigated through studying the individual and combined effects of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and alkali treatments on the given composites. FTIR spectra indicated the reduction of wheat straw fibers' hydroxyl groups due to hemicellulose removal resulting from alkali treatment. There were also trace diminutions in C-O peak intensities due to the degradation of little amounts of lignin. X-ray analysis revealed the intercalation of nanoclay in the polymer matrix. The improved interaction of fiber-polymer interfaces brought about by alkali treatment was also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption and thickness swelling properties of the nanocomposites were improved due to the barrier properties of nanoclay against water ingress. The flexural strength and modulus of elasticity increased by the individual, and likewise combined treatments. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the temperatures of first and second stages of composites' thermal degradation increased via the formation of a carbonized char layer thermally insulating the deeper composite layers. Differential scanning calorimetry showed some slight increases in the melting temperature, melting enthalpy, crystallisation temperature, crystallisation enthalpy, and crystallinity index of the treated composites due to the nucleating effect of nanofillers. The overall results showed that the combined treatment of OMMT and NaOH (vs. the individual ones) could significantly improve the overall properties of the studied composites. This was due to some interesting synergistic effects of the given treatments converting the wheat straw fiber/recycled polypropylene nanocomposites to high performance materials of choice for industry.

Development of Mineral-Bonded Plywood with Magnesium Oxychloride as a Binder Using the Hot-Pressing Process.

Environmentally friendly plywood panels were produced by a hot-pressing process using magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) as a no-added formaldehyde adhesive. Magnesium oxychloride cement binders were prepared with different molar ratios of MgO:MgCl2 (M/C) and H2O:MgCl2 (W/C) ranging from 6 to 12 and 15 to 21, respectively, for plywood production. The binder properties measured were gel time, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transom infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The quality of the plywood panels was analyzed based on their mechanical (shear and bending) and physical (thickness swelling and water absorption) properties. A positive effect on the properties of the MOC binder as well as on the properties of the plywood was observed by increasing the molar ratio M/C up to a value of 9. The shear and flexural properties of the plywood specimens were negatively affected by further increasing the molar ratio M/C to 12 and the molar ratio W/C from 15 to 21. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed a peak temperature of less than 100 °C for MOC curing, which meets the requirements of hot press technology. No delamination of the plywood specimens was observed after 24 h immersion in tap water or 6 h immersion in boiling water and after a cyclic delamination test. In general, mineral-bonded plywood with magnesium oxychloride shows promising properties for indoor and outdoor use, although the binder quality should still be improved.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Oriented Flattened Bamboo Boards from Ater (Gigantochloa atter) and Betung (Dendrocalamus asper) Bamboos

Bamboo-based composite has been used widely for building components and furniture. Oriented flattened bamboo board (OFBB) is a composite board consisting of oriented structure sheets of flattening bamboo. This study aimed to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of the OFBB from ater (Gigantochloa atter) and betung (Dendrocalamus asper) bamboo. A three-layer flattened bamboo board using the isocyanate resin with a density target of 0.6 g/cm3 was applied. The characteristics of raw bamboo, the contact angle of OFBB, and board properties of density, moisture content, thickness swelling, and water absorption, as well as bending, internal bonding (IB), and compressive strength properties were determined to evaluate the quality of the OFBB. Based on the findings, the thin wall thickness of ater bamboo enhanced the physical and mechanical properties of the OFBB compared to the higher wall thickness of betung bamboo. Therefore, further development in bamboo composite products with those anatomical properties seems promising. The dimensional stability and bending properties of OFBB from ater bamboo met the quality of first grade of the Canadian Standard for OSB and waferboard, except for the IB strength. Keywords: Bamboo wall thickness, contact angle, Dendrocalamus asper, Gigantochloa atter, oriented flattened bamboo board

The Properties of Particleboard Composites Made from Pleurotus ostreatus Baglog Waste Using Citric Acid and Sucrose Adhesive

Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) is one of the edible mushrooms cultivated in baglog as the medium. Baglog’s productive age is around 4-5 weeks. The more PO produced, the amount of baglog waste also increases. The main component of baglog is wood sawdust, which contains lignocellulose; therefore, baglog has great potential to be used as a raw material for making particleboard. This research aims to make particleboard from baglog waste and determine the effect of the type and adhesive concentration on the physical and mechanical properties of the particleboard that is produced. Particleboard is made by mixing baglog waste, whose particle size is 40 mesh, with citric acid and sucrose adhesives whose concentrations are varied between 50%, 60%, and 70%. Furthermore, the particleboard was formed using a hot press machine (200 °C, 10 MPa) for 15 minutes. The obtained particleboard will be analyzed for its physical properties, including density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, morphology, and mechanical properties, including modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE). The test refers to the JIS A 5908-2003 type 8 standard. As a result, particleboard made using citric acid adhesive (citric acid 70%; C70) has a better physical and mechanical properties compared to sucrose adhesive, with a density value of 0.86 g/cm³, moisture content of 4.118%, thickness expansion of 3.992%, water absorption capacity of 36.89%, 13.456%, MOR 9.682 MPa, and MOE 1.455 GPa.

Effects of surface lamination process parameters on medium density fiberboard (MDF) properties

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) is widely utilized in furniture production. Most MDF in such applications has a surface laminate layer. The lamination process improves the physical and mechanical properties of the boards. The temperature, press time, and pressure values applied during the lamination process affect such properties. In this work, the lamination process was carried out using a constant temperature (180 °C), four different press times (18, 20, 22, and 24 s), and three different pressures (25, 30, and 35 kg/cm2). The raw weight of the decor paper was 90 g/m2 and UF and MF glues were used in its production. The properties of the laminated panels were then determined for each variation. In general, the water absorption and thickness swelling properties were improved at the lower pressure and higher press times. The internal bonding strength exhibited a linear change at different press times depending on increasing pressure values, whereas the changes in the bending strength and modulus of elasticity in bending were not statistically significant. It was concluded that the BS increased with rising pressure in the short-term lamination process and that the effect of the pressure on the BS declined with increasing press time.

Determination of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Waste Paper Boards Supported by Wood Chips and Chopped E-glass Fiber

Today, legal regulations, along with social awareness, have made waste management a necessity. Depending on the type of waste, technological developments have enabled an increase in the number of approaches, e.g., reusing, recycling, and manufacturing of different products. In this study, low-density boards were produced using different proportions of office waste paper, wood chips, and chopped E-glass fiber. Waste paper and glass fiber formed the middle layer of the boards and wood chips comprised the surface layers. The density, water absorption, and thickness swelling properties of the boards were investigated. Among the mechanical properties, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strength were determined. The use of wastepaper led to a reduction in the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of the boards. An increase in the glass fiber ratio contributed positively to the water absorption and thickness swelling properties, whereas it directly led to decreases in the internal bond strength, and the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity values. Nonetheless, the low-density boards were able to meet the minimum modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity specified in ANSI 208.1 standards, while only one variation met the IB requirements.

Evaluation of mechanical and physical properties of coconut fibre biocomposite reinforced with soya adhesive

In the present study, the investigation is to analyse the probability of using natural fibre-reinforced composites for structural applications. The availability, ample accessibility, and low cost of natural coconut fibres have gained their commercial value for some applications, such as panels, ceilings, partition boards, and automotive components. Coconut fibres (10, 20, and 30 mm) of 15% by weight and soybean adhesive of 85% of weight coconut fibre bio-composites (CFC) were manufactured. CFC-10, CFC-20, and CFC-30 are the different samples prepared by varying the size of the coconut fibres, respectively. Physical properties such as thickness swelling, water absorption, and mechanical properties such as flexural strength, and tensile strength were analysed. It was found that the CFC-10 composite is showing better results. As compared to the other natural fibres, it is observed that coconut fibres have given better results in both mechanical and physical aspects.

Utilization of different size waste melamine impregnated paper as an adhesive in the manufacturing of particleboard

In this study, the efficiency of waste melamine impregnated paper (WMIP) as an adhesive; effects of WMIP usage with different sizes and amounts as a resin in three-layer particleboard manufacturing on mechanical, physical, surface roughness properties and formaldehyde emission values were investigated. Three-layer particleboards were manufactured with three different sizes (small, medium and large) and four different rates (10, 15, 20, 25% of total board weight) of WMIP. Mechanical (bending strength, modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength, surface soundness, screw withdrawal strength), physical (density, thickness swelling, water absorption, Brinell hardness, and surface roughness) properties and formaldehyde contents of the samples were determined according to relevant standards. As a result of the study, it was determined that WMIP still has some uncured adhesive with curing ability in it. The size and amount of WMIP had a statistically significant effect on the particleboard properties (Mechanical, Physical Formaldehyde emission and surface roughness). While the mechanical and physical properties improved as the amount of WMIP increased, these values deteriorated as the size of the WMIP increased. The best mechanical and physical results were obtained by using small-size WMIP at the rate of 25% and all the panel groups produced with small-size WMIP (except 10% ratio) have achieved the mechanical values required in the standard. In all particleboard groups produced, only the one with 25% of the small-size WMIP used group was provided with the standard requirements for thickness swelling properties. For optimal performance (the least rough surface characteristics), the formulation of the panels should contain small WMIP sizes and a 20% WMIP ratio. The findings also showed that increasing the WMIP ratio has resulted in better mechanical properties. Through this study, some technological properties of three-layer particleboard produced with WMIPs were determined and potential utilization of WMIPs in particleboard manufacturing as an adhesive was demonstrated.