Patch Thickness Research Articles

Punching Behavior Of Self-Compacting Concrete Slabs Incorporating Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effects of incorporating coarse recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) on the punching and flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete two-way slabs. For this purpose, four concrete mixes were designed with various substitution ratios of natural coarse aggregates (NCA) by RCA 0% (reference mix), 25, 50 and 75%. Subsequently, fourteen 800 × 800 mm × variable thickness reinforced concrete slabs (two per concrete type) were cast and subjected to punching and flexural tests. Different parameters that affect the behavior of two-way slabs were studied including type of failure, replacement ratios of NCA by RCA, amount of main reinforcement, thickness and loading patch size. In order to investigate the effect of RCA incorporation on hardened concrete properties (compressive strength Fcu, tensile Ft strength, flexural Fr strength and modulus of elasticity Ec), different replacement ratios were considered, while the quantity of cement was kept equaled for all the mixes (with and without RCA). Hardened concrete samples results showed that Fcu, Ft, Fr and Ec were decreased by (8.62, 13.54 and 19.12%), (13.08, 17.63 and 25.46%), (10.02, 21.67%, and 34.30%) and (9.69, 15.65 and 16.62%) respectively, for the (25, 50 and 75%) replacement ratios compared with samples made from SCC without RCA. The experimental results of slabs showed that the cracking and ultimate load (11% maximum reduction ratio) and moment (19.5% maximum reduction ratio) capacities of slabs were decreased compared with slabs made from SCC without RCA. Moreover, the load deflection curves were almost identical with proportional increase to the RCA content. From the general behavior, ultimate capacity, deflections, failure angle and crack pattern results, it can be concluded that the recycled concrete aggregate can be used as a partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate to produce self-compacting concrete mixes, where the behavior of two-way slabs cast with SCC containing RCA can considered acceptable.

The Effect of Combination of Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polymers to The Physical Properties of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Ethanolic Extract Patch

Celery herbs (Apium graveolens L.) contain apigenin compounds (flavonoids) that are effective as antihypertensiv. Celery herbs used in the form of decoction and oral preparations have a deficiency that is voluminous and can cause gastric irritation. Patches were chosen because it can prevent gastric irritation and reduce the frequency of drug administration because the drug is delivered over the skin with a long duration. This study aimed to know the effect of variations in the ratio of the concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC sodium) polymers to the physical properties of celery herbs ethanol extract patch.This study was conducted with maceration of celery herbs using 96% ethanol and then dispersed in patch made with variations in the concentrations ratio of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3. Patches were tested for physical properties including organoleptic, pH, thickness, weight, folding endurance, and moisture content. Statistical analysis of test data used One Way ANOVA and Paired Samples T Test.The results of statistical analysis showed that the increase concentrations ratio of CMC sodium polymer in the combination of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers could increase the thickness, weight, and moisture content of celery herbs ethanol extract patch. The best patch was formula 2 with the same concentration ratio of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers because it showed the best results with a pH 6,12-6,29, thickness 1,37-1,53 mm, weighting 2,24-2,52 gram, folding endurance more than 300 times, and the moisture content was quite stable.

Numerical analysis of cracked aluminum plate repaired with multi-scale reinforcement composite patches

In this study, numerical modeling is used to investigate the performance of a single-sided composite patch with different scale fillers, as reinforcement of a cracked aluminum plate under static tension. The main concerns of previous studies are about the geometry of patches, composite layups, and failure of adhesive. In this research, the effect of patch properties such as size and fiber volume fraction, the thickness of patch, and thickness of adhesive on the overall performance of the cracked aluminum plate are investigated numerically. Indeed, first, a 3 D representative volume element (RVE) is adopted to calculate the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT)/epoxy and carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy composite patch at each specified volume fraction for investigating the effect of patch properties on the performance of a single-sided patch for crack repairing. In this regard, the cohesive zone model is adopted to analyze the debonding between the epoxy matrix and reinforcement to characterize the mechanical properties of composite patches. Finally, a linear 3 D finite element analysis is performed to calculate the stress intensity factor (SIF) for cracked aluminum plate repaired by a single-sided composite patch at each specified reinforcement volume fraction for different thickness of patch and different thickness of adhesive. The results demonstrated that the stress intensity factor highly depends on the patch properties (patch stiffness) in addition to patch thickness and adhesive thickness.

Acoustic Radiation and Dynamic Study of a Steel Beam Damped with Viscoelastic Material

Steel structures subject to dynamic loads are prior to generate excessive vibration and noise. Viscoelastic treatment is an effective measure to mitigate the vibration and noise from thin-walled structures in a broad frequency range. H-shaped steel beams are widely used in civil engineering. So an experiment system is established and a series of impact hammer tests are conducted to assess the modal parameters, dynamic response and acoustic behaviour of an H-shaped steel beam coated with various viscoelastic treatments. Firstly, the spectra of the velocity response and acoustic radiation of the bare beam are analysed based on the tested data. Secondly, the resonance frequencies and modal loss factors of the beam with various viscoelastic treatments derived from the frequency response function are compared. Finally, the effect of the layout and thickness of viscoelastic patches on the mitigation of vibration and noise is discussed experimentally. It is shown that the modal loss factor of the first mode increases from 0.012 to 0.191 when the web is treated with 5 mm thick constrained layer damping (CLD). The viscoelastic patches on the web of the H-shaped beam are more effective to control the vibration and noise of the beam than the patches on the flanges. The viscoelastic treatment has distinct effect on the reduction of structural vibration and noise owing to the different dominant frequencies of vibration and noise as well as the frequency-dependent radiation efficiency. The normal velocity level of the H-shaped beam with an 8 mm thick web can be reduced by more than 10 dB and the sound pressure level around the beam about 8 dB when the web is partially covered with the constrained layer damping composed of 2.0 mm thick damping layer and 3.0 mm thick constraining layer.

Exploratory Survey of Salamanders in Pennsylvanian Forests with Dense Understories of Berberis thunbergii (Japanese Barberry), an Invasive Shrub

We conducted a limited survey to analyze the potential effects of thick understory patches of Berberis thunbergii (Japanese Barberry), an invasive shrub, on forest-dwelling salamanders. Our observational survey of 4 riparian streams was aimed at addressing the hypothesis that Japanese Barberry would negatively affect salamander populations due to detrimental impacts on soil properties and native vegetation. We placed cover boards along the riparian zones of 2 streams that were heavily invaded and 2 that were sporadically invaded by Japanese Barberry in a western Pennsylvanian suburban deciduous forest. The following year, we surveyed each coverboard on 3 occasions to quantify amphibian abundance and diversity. We identified specimens to species whenever possible and quantified Japanese Barberry invasion intensity by estimating aboveground biomass. Results suggest salamander abundance was unaffected by the presence of Japanese Barberry. Species composition differed between invaded and uninvaded habitat, with more Desmognathus spp. salamanders dominating uninvaded sites, though data limitations prevented rigorous comparisons of community-scale differences. Our limited data are unable to determine if Japanese Barberry invasions are associated with indirect effects on salamander populations. However, the lack of any measurable effect on salamander abundance suggests that Japanese Barberry does not induce a strong direct effect on these species.

Residual Stress Buildup in Ti Components Produced by Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing (CSAM)

Cold spray has been developed recently to be used as an additive manufacturing technology in order to fabricate bulk components. Residual stresses are known to build up in coatings made by cold spray; therefore, cold spray additive manufacturing (CSAM) is also expected to generate residual stress in bulk parts and components, and that residual stress can lead to shape distortions or component cracking. The residual stress analysis has been applied to some generic sample shapes, a thick patch deposit and a vertical wall, produced by CSAM out of Ti powder. The residual stress mapping has been achieved using neutron diffraction technique and analyzed within a modeling approach. The analysis allowed it to be determined as to what were the major contributions into the overall stress field and to establish the main sources of the residual stress, providing an analytical tool for prediction of the residual stress buildup in more complex shapes.

The fracture load analysis of different support patches in adhesively bonded single-lap joints

Adhesively bonded joints are frequently used in the aviation and automotive industries. Bending appears in the bonded materials as a result of eccentric loading when tensile loading is applied to an adhesively bonded single-lap joint (SLJ) geometry. As a result of this bending, moment effect occurs in the overlap region in the joints joined with the adhesive. This moment effect causes peel stresses at the edges of the overlap region of the joint such that these stresses are the main reasons of the damage in the joint. Obviously, reductions in these stresses should result in higher joint strength and increased load capacity. In this study, support patches were added at a varying distances from the overlap region to decrease the bending effect occurring in adhesively bonded single-lap joints. In the study, adhesive bonded single-lap joints were produced by using DP460 liquid structural epoxy as the adhesive, AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy as the adherend and flat or curved AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy and AISI 304 steel with different thickness as the support patches. As a result, when the failure load obtained from the experiments was examined, the use of support patches in single-lap joints increased the damage load of the joint between approximately 16% and 94%. However, such increases in the damage load are highly dependent on the type, thickness, geometry (flat or curved) and positioning of the support patches.

A comprehensive electromechanically coupled model for non-uniform piezoelectric energy harvesting composite laminates

Achieving high power densities through initiative designs of piezoelectric harvester in various geometries is a key point in vibration energy harvesting. State-of-the-art analytical and finite element models (FEMs) ignore structural damping, inter-laminar continuity, shear stresses, and contact layer effect between the substrate and piezoelectric layers and in addition cannot predict the performance of many recently introduced piezoelectric harvester configurations, such as non-uniform, thick piezoelectric patches, and variable thickness beams. This paper presents a comprehensive finite element formulation to calculate power generation by piezoelectric harvesters in a broader range of design cases. The presented high-order shear FEM not only is suitable for thick composite-based harvesters but also accommodates the drawbacks of the previous methods. The coupled finite element approach is verified versus experimental and analytical results. The model developed in this work is employed to analyze a non-uniform energy harvester with an E-glass fiber composite substrate layer sandwiched between piezoelectric layers with variable thickness. The numerical results show that, the advance formulation is capable of analyzing various piezoelectric harvesters including various influential parameters such as contact layer and damping dissipation. The results, furthermore, indicate that variable piezoelectric-layer thickness and an optimum fiber direction in composite substrate lamina can enhance performance of the piezoelectric harvester.

Creation of a contractile biomaterial from a decellularized spinach leaf without ECM protein coating: An in vitro study.

Myocardial infarction (MI) results in the death of cardiac tissue, decreases regional contraction, and can lead to heart failure. Tissue engineered cardiac patches containing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) can restore contractile function. However, cells within thick patches require vasculature for blood flow. Recently, we demonstrated fibronectin coated decellularized leaves provide a suitable scaffold for hiPS-CMs. Yet, the necessity of this additional coating step is unclear. Therefore, we compared hiPS-CM behavior on decellularized leaves coated with collagen IV or fibronectin extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to noncoated leaves for up to 21 days. Successful coating was verified by immunofluorescence. Similar numbers of hiPS-CMs adhered to coated and noncoated decellularized leaves for 21 days. At Day 14, collagen IV coated leaves contracted more than noncoated leaves (3.25 ± 0.39% vs. 1.54 ± 0.60%; p < .05). However, no differences in contraction were found between coated leaves, coated tissue culture plastic (TCP), noncoated leaves, or noncoated TCP at other time points. No significant differences were observed in hiPS-CM spreading or sarcomere lengths on leaves with or without coating. This study demonstrates that cardiac scaffolds can be created from decellularized leaves without ECM coatings. Noncoated decellularized leaf surfaces facilitate robust cell attachment for an engineered tissue patch.

Swarm intelligence based clustering technique for automated lesion detection and diagnosis of psoriasis

BackgroundIn psoriasis skin disease, psoriatic cells develop rapidly than the normal healthy cells. This speedy growth causes accumulation of dead skin cells on the skin’s surface, resulting in thick patches of red, dry, and itchy skin. This patches or psoriatic skin legions may exhibit similar characteristics as healthy skin, which makes lesion detection more challenging. However, for accurate disease diagnosis and severity detection, lesion segmentation has prime importance. In that context, our group had previously performed psoriasis lesion segmentation using the conventional clustering algorithm. However, it suffers from the constraint of falling into the local sub-optimal centroids of the clusters. ObjectiveThe main objective of this paper is to implement an optimal lesion segmentation technique with aims at global convergence by reducing the probability of trapping into the local optima. This has been achieved by integrating swarm intelligence based algorithms with conventional K-means and Fuzzy C-means (FCMs) clustering algorithms. MethodologyThere are a total of eight different suitable combinations of conventional clustering (i.e., K-means and Fuzzy C-means (FCMs)) and four swarm intelligence (SI) techniques (i.e., seeker optimization (SO), artificial bee colony (ABC), ant colony optimization (ACO) and particle swarm optimization (PSO)) have been implemented in this study. The experiments are performed on the dataset of 780 psoriasis images from 74 patients collected at Psoriasis Clinic and Research Centre, Psoriatreat, Pune, Maharashtra, India. In this study, we are employing swarm intelligence optimization techniques in combination with the conventional clustering algorithms to increase the probability of convergence to the optimal global solution and hence improved clustering and detection. ResultsThe performance has been quantified in terms of four indices, namely accuracy (A), sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), and Jaccard index (JI). Among the eight different combinations of clustering and optimization techniques considered in this study, FCM + SO outperformed with mean JI = 0.83, mean A = 90.89, mean SN = 92.84, and mean SP = 88.27. FCM + SO found statistical significant than other approaches with 96.67 % of the reliability index. ConclusionThe results obtained reflect the superiority of the proposed techniques over conventional clustering techniques. Hence our research development will lead to an objective analysis for automatic, accurate, and quick diagnosis of psoriasis.

Patch Film from Celullose Derivative Incorporating with Virgin Coconut Oil and its Physical and Antibacterial Properties

Preparation of mucoadhesive patch film containing Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) has been made as a medium to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This research was conducted to make patch film which meets the standard physical characteristic of patch mucoadhesive film. The physical characteristic is weight uniformity, thickness, folding endurance resistance, swelling index and pH of the patch solution. The presence of fatty acids which trapped in patch was analyzed with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The result showed that the patch film has uniformity value of weights ranging from 0.04 to 0.17 g. The thickness of patch was 0.53 to 0.61 mm and have folding endurance resistance more than 300 times. Swelling index for each patch increase in the 5th minutes and decrease in the 10th minutes. The surface pH of the patch almost close to pH 7. GC-MS chromatogram showed that lauric acid (C8), meristic acid (C14), palmitic acid (C16) and linoleic acid (C18) were trapped in the patch. The patch film containing VCO can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans with inhibition zone of 157.30 ±1.088 mm2.

Quantum Tunneling Hygrometer with Temperature Stabilized Nanometer Gap

We present the design, fabrication and response of a humidity sensor based on electrical tunneling through temperature-stabilized nanometer gaps. The sensor consists of two stacked metal electrodes separated by ~2.5 nm of vertical air gap. Upper and lower electrodes rest on separate 1.5 μm thick polyimide patches with nearly identical thermal expansion but different gas absorption characteristics. When exposed to a humidity change, the patch under the bottom electrode swells but the patch under the top electrode does not, as it is covered with a water-vapor diffusion barrier ~8 nm of Al2O3. The air gap thus decreases leading to increase in the tunneling current across the junction. The gap however is independent of temperature fluctuations as both patches expand or contract by near equal amounts. Humidity sensor action demonstrates an unassisted reversible resistance reduction Rmax/Rmin ~105 when the device is exposed to 20–90 RH% at a standby DC power consumption of ~0.4 pW. The observed resistance change when subject to a temperature sweep of 25–60 ° C @24% RH was ~0.0025% of the full device output range.

Reduction of Beam Squinting and Cross-Polarized Fields in a Wideband CP Element

Achieving wide circularly polarized (CP) bandwidth in a simple probe-fed microstrip antenna is essential for many practical applications. Existing knowledge guides exploring a thick substrate-based patch design. However, it suffers from two major inherent issues: squinting of beam and high cross-polarized (XP) radiation. No solution is available so far. This letter successfully addresses both issues by imposing restriction on the fringing characteristics as well as modal fields of a suspended substrate circular patch. Engineered ground plane bearing different strategic defects has been explored leading to about 50% correction in beam squinting with reference to antenna boresight and 2–8 dB reduction in a peak XP level. Realistic design, physical insight, and the experimental validation ensure its huge potential for practical applications.

Microscopic control actions of LaSMP actuators on hemispherical shells

Light activated shape memory polymer (LaSMP) is one of novel shape memory polymers with dynamic strain and Young’s modulus when exposed to UV lights. This study investigates distributed microscopic control actions of LaSMP patches on hemispherical shells with free boundary. Based on strain models established in the experiments, governing equations of the spherical shell are defined and control forces in the meridional, circumferential and transverse directions are derived respectively. In case studies of LaSMP patch laminated on the shell by covering specific wavelength at each mode in the circumferential direction, the meridional and circumferential forces turn to zero. Then, the dominant transverse control forces and its components resulting from the bending moments and membrane forces are compared at different modes. Parametric analyses are carried out to evaluate the microscopic actuation effects of actuator position, thickness and shell radius, LaSMP thickness, etc. LaSMP induced meridional and circumferential microscopic membrane/bending control actions on hemispherical shells are evaluated. The analyses indicate that the transverse control forces increase with increasing of LaSMP patch thickness and decreasing of hemispherical shell thickness and radius. Then, the normalized control forces are derived by dividing LaSMP patch size. The parametric analyses confirm that the normalized control forces caused by membrane forces dominate the control effect and the best control position is near the boundary of hemispherical shell. This work provides an analysis procedure on estimating LaSMP vibration control actions and gives theoretical predictions for idealized LaSMP vibration control of hemispherical shells.

Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Propilen Glikol Sebagai Enhancer Terhadap Sediaan Transdermal Patch Ibuprofen In Vitro

Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory class of non-steroidal propionic acid used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, analgesics, and antipyretics. Ibuprofen made in a transdermal patch to avoid side effects of irritation to the stomach, first pass effect on application oral. This aims of the research to determine the physical characteristics of the patch, the effect of propylene glycol concentration (150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg) on the thickness patch, pH, and the rate of penetration as increase in penetration of the ibuprofen transdermal patch. Patch preparations were made in 3 draft formulas with varying concentrations of propylene glycol 150 mg, 200 mg, and 250 mg. The method used for penetration testing is Franz diffusion cells. The results of physical characteristics are clear, odorless, dry, not cracked,&gt; 300 folds, thickness ranges from 0.142 to 0.184. The concentration of propylene glycol effects (p-value&gt; 0.05) the penetration and no effect (p-value&gt; 0.05) the pH test. Increasing the concentration of propylene glycol causes an increase medicine that penetrate the skin. Keywords: Ibuprofen, transdermal patch, propylene glycol

Equivalent Circuit Modeling of a Single-Ended Patch Sensing Element in Integrated Technology

In this article, we present an analytical formulation based on an equivalent circuit model to support the challenging task of designing and analyzing single-ended patch sensing elements to be integrated in planar technologies. The proposed approach further allows for differentiating the permittivity values of the individual layers when sensing over dense and stratified mediums. The equivalent model of the sensing pixel is derived resorting to equivalence theorem and transmission-line theory. The relative impact of the material under test and the metal thickness of the sensing element is accurately included in the evaluation of the endpoint load of the radial transmission line, equivalent to the patch radius. This approach of representing the single-ended sensing element isolates the capacitance contributions associated with the patch radius, patch thickness, and the medium under test. The computationally fast tool is further utilized in absolute permittivity measurements using a 0.14- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS 2-D permittivity imaging matrix prototype operating from 100 MHz to 2.9 GHz, reporting excellent agreement with theoretical values.

Adhesion method of advanced composite structures for mechanical design and optimisation

In order to overcome the low degree of fitting between the traditional bonding method and the actual working conditions, a new advanced bonding method for composite structures is proposed. The finite element simulation software NASTRAN was used to construct the finite element model of mechanical structure and obtain the damage form and path of mechanical structure. According to the relationship among adhesive strength, ply sequence and ultimate strength of bonded structure, and the relationship among the thickness of composite patch, stress intensity factor and the number of optimisation iterations, advanced bonding criteria for mechanical design and optimisation of composite structures are proposed. The experimental results show that the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) of this method is always above 0.92, the normed fit index (NFI) is above 0.96, and the comparative fit index (CFI) is above 0.92, it has the characteristics of feasibility and practicability.

Mycosis Fungoides: A Clinicopathological Study of 60 Cases from a Tertiary Care Center.

Background:Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common primary cutaneous lymphoma. It affects usually the covered areas of the body in elderly males in 6th and 7th decades of life. Atypical dermal lymphoid infiltrate is seen along with epidermotropism. Nuclei of neoplastic cells are convoluted. The neoplastic cells demonstrate positivity for CD3 (Pan T) immunohistochemical stain. Majority show increased CD4 to CD8 ratio. The present study was done to study the clinicopathological features, which might be of help in reaching a correct diagnosis in these cases.Materials and Methods:A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 60 reported cases of MF. The retrieved slides were reviewed for clinical and histopathological features and immunohistochemical profile.Results:The ages ranged from 20–84 years, mean age was 47 years. Majority (75%) of patients were male. Trunk and extremities were the sites most commonly affected. There was significant inverse correlation between epidermal thickness and tumor stage (P = 0.02). Thickened epidermis was seen in patch stage and thickness reduced with progressing stage. The intensity of dermal infiltrate and cell size was also statistically significantly linked to stage progression (P < 0.001 each). In addition, proliferation index also correlated significantly with tumor stage (P = 0.002).Conclusion:Clinical information and histological features are equally important in the accurate diagnosis of MF. Papillary dermal fibrosis is a useful diagnostic clue. CD4:CD8 ratio is not increased in all cases; it may be decreased or remain unchanged.

An Accurate Analytical Model to Calculate the Impedance Bandwidth of a Proximity Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna (PC-MSPA)

This paper presents a new set of analytical equations to calculate the impedance bandwidth of electrically thin and thick proximity-coupled square microstrip patch antenna (PC-MSPA). The proposed mathematical model uses the relationship among different antenna parameters, material, and antenna dimensions to estimate the percentage impedance bandwidth with high accuracy. The proposed model was validated with rigorous full-wave solutions, and experimental antenna prototypes implemented for different thicknesses, patch dimensions, frequencies, and different substrates. The theoretical bandwidth results of S-, Cand X-band PC-MSPA antennas obtained using the new model are in very good agreement with simulations and the experimental results. Errors between the proposed analytical model and both simulation and measurement are less than 3.1%. These equations are mostly valid for permittivities between 2.2 and 6.15, and with feed substrate thickness less than 0.1λ r . The PC-MSPA is a candidate element for integration with MIMIC devices and wireless communication applications.

Role of Shaman and Nitya Virechan in the management of Vicharchika (eczema): a case study

Background: Kushtha is the broad term used for all skin conditions in Ayurveda. Vicharchika is a subtype of Kshudrakushtha. It is Rakta Pradoshaj Vyadhi involving all three Doshas in its Samprapti. It can be correlated with atopic dermatitis (eczema) due to similarity in clinical features, such as Kandu (pruritus), Pidika (papules, vesicles, and pustules), Shyavata (erythema with discoloration), Srava (copious discharge), Raji (thickening, lichenification of skin), Ruja (pain), and Rukshata (dry lesion). In Ayurveda, Shodhana and Shamana chikitsa are mentioned for Kushthavyadhi. Case Report: A 63-year-old male reported having blackish thick patches on back side of both knee joints with severe itching, burning sensation, and watery discharge for the last 3 months. The case was treated with Nitya Virechan with Aragvadha Kadha and Avipattikar Churna for 7 days followed by Shaman Aushadhi (Arogyavardhini Vati, Khadirarishtha, Panchtiktaghrit guggul, and Karanja tail) for 15 days. Result and Discussion: The assessment of subjective parameters like Kandu (pruritus), Srava (discharge), Daha (burning sensation), Shyavata (discoloration), and Rookshata (dry skin) was done on days 0, 7, and 14 as well as photographs of the affected areas compared before and after treatment. Patient showed remarkable relief from all symptoms after treatment. Conclusion: Nitya Virechan followed by Shamana Aushadhi is very effective in the management of Vicharchika (eczema).