Thermoresponsive Gel Research Articles

Increasing the Hydrophobic Component of Poloxamers and the Inclusion of Salt Extend the Release of Bupivacaine from Injectable In Situ Gels, While Common Polymer Additives Have Little Effect.

Various strategies have been applied to reduce the initial burst of drug release and sustain release from poloxamer-based thermoresponsive gels. This work focussed on investigating different formulation approaches to minimise the initial burst of release and sustain the release of the small hydrophilic drug bupivacaine hydrochloride from poloxamer-based thermoresponsive gels. Various in situ gel formulations were prepared by varying the polypropylene oxide (PPO)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) ratio and by adding additives previously described in the literature. It was observed that increasing the PPO/PEO ratio from 0.28 to 0.30 reduced the initial burst release from 17.3% ± 1.8 to 9.1% ± 1.2 during the first six hours and extended the release profile from 10 to 14 days. Notably, the inclusion of sodium chloride (NaCl 0.4% w/w) further reduced the initial burst release to 1.8% ± 1.1 over the first 6 h. Meanwhile, physical blending with additive polymers had a negligible effect on the burst release and overall release profile. The findings suggest that extended release of bupivacaine hydrochloride, with reduced initial burst release, can be achieved simply by increasing the PPO/PEO ratio and the inclusion of NaCl.

Equilibrium Swelling of Thermo-Responsive Gels in Mixtures of Solvents

Thermo-responsive (TR) gels of the LCST (lower critical solution temperature) type swell in water at temperatures below their volume phase transition temperature Tc and collapse above the critical temperature. When water is partially replaced with an organic liquid, these materials demonstrate three different types of equilibrium solvent uptake diagrams at temperatures below, above, in the close vicinity of Tc. A model is developed for equilibrium swelling of TR gels in binary mixtures of solvents. It takes into account three types of phase transitions in TR gels driven by (i) aggregation of hydrophobic side groups into clusters from which solvent molecules are expelled, (ii) replacement of water with cosolvent molecules in cage-like structures surrounding these groups, and (iii) replacement of water with cosolvent as the main element of hydration shells around backbone chains. The model involves a relatively small number of material constants that are found by matching observations on covalently cross-linked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) macroscopic gels and microgels. Good agreement is demonstrated between the experimental data and results of numerical analysis. Classification is provided of the phase transition points on equilibrium swelling diagrams.

Ocular biodistribution of cysteamine delivered by a sustained release microsphere/thermoresponsive gel eyedrop

The objective of the investigation was to determine the ocular biodistribution of cysteamine, a reducing agent used for treatment of cystine crystals in cystinosis, following topical administration of a sustained release formulation and traditional eyedrop formulation. To the right eye only, rabbits received a 50 µL drop of 0.44% cysteamine eyedrops at one drop per waking hour for 2, 6, 12, and 24 h. A second group received one 100 µL drop of a sustained release formulation containing encapsulated cysteamine microspheres suspended in a thermoresponsive gel. Upon serial sacrifice, ocular tissues from both eyes and plasma were obtained and quantified for cysteamine using LC-MS/MS. Cysteamine was detected in the cornea, aqueous humor and vitreous humor. Systemic plasma concentrations of cysteamine from treatment groups were below the limit of detection. As expected, 0.44% cysteamine eyedrops when administered hourly maintained drug concentrations within the cornea at a magnitude 5 times higher than a single dose of the sustained release formulation over 12 h. The sustained release formulation maintained cysteamine presentation across 12 h from a single drop. These studies demonstrate distribution of cysteamine to the eye following topical administration, including high drug uptake to the cornea and low systemic distribution.

Reentrant-Convex Swelling of Thermoresponsive Gels in Mixtures of Solvents

Design of organohydrogels with exceptional physical properties requires simple and reliable models for swelling of polymer networks in mixtures of water with organic solvents. A model is developed for equilibrium solvent uptake by thermoresponsive gels in binary mixtures that involves a relatively small number of adjustable parameters and describes various types of swelling diagrams (monotonically decreasing, with points of minimum, and with several maxima and minima) in a unified manner. Its ability to describe (and to predict qualitatively) equilibrium swelling curves is confirmed by fitting experimental data on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), poly(acryloyl-L-proline methyl ester), and poly(acrylamide) gels in mixtures of water with acetone, acetonitrile, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, methanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, 1-propanol, and tetrahydrofuran.

Methylcellulose-Chitosan Smart Gels for Hairstyling

Methylcellulose and chitosan served as promising ingredients for a thermoresponsive hair styling gel after successful application in the medical industry. Both ingredients uphold the clean beauty standard without infringing on performance. By combining these two ingredients, a hair gel can be created that promises an extended hold of style once a heated external stimulus, such as a curling wand, is applied to the hair. Chitosan serves as the cationic biopolymer to adhere the gel to the hair, whereas the methylcellulose acts as the smart biopolymer to lock the desired hairstyle in place. Various ranges of chitosan and methylcellulose concentrations were explored for formulation optimization with rheology and curl drop testing. The rheology testing included a flow sweep test to understand the shear-thinning behavior of the sample as well as the effect of concentration on viscosity. Another rheology test completed was a temperature ramp test from room temperature (25 °C) to 60 °C to study the effect of heat on the various concentrations within the samples. A curl drop test was performed as well, over a 48-h period in which the different samples were applied to wet hair tresses, dried, curled, and hung vertically to see how the style held up over a long period of time with the influence of gravity.

Soft Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) Based Aqueous Particles.

Soft nanoparticles are an important class of material with potential to be used as carriers of active compounds. Swollen, penetrable particles can act as a host for the active ingredients and provide stability, stimuli-responsiveness and recyclability for the guest. Thermoresponsive colloidal gel particles are especially attractive for such applications due to the extremely soft structure, size and responsiveness. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) is a much studied, popular thermoresponsive polymer. The polymer has low toxicity and the phase transition temperature is close to body temperature. During the phase transition, the polymer becomes less soluble, the particle expels a large part of water and the particle collapses to a more compact form. The diffusion of material in and from the particles is largely affected by this transition. As the solubility of the polymer changes, so do the interactions with the loaded compound. This feature article focuses on the synthetic methods, properties and applications of soft PNVCL particles.

Interactions in dopamine and indole loaded thermosensitive hydrogels seen by high sensitivity microDSC. Implications for drug delivery

Controlled and targeted drug delivery systems consist of a carrier matrix and one or more active ingredients. One of the roles of the matrix is to regulate the release of the drug. Uptake, release, differential scanning microcalorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to reveal the interactions governing the release of dopamine and indole from a thermoresponsive model polymer gel. The dopamine can be completely recovered from the loaded polymer matrix. The self-assembling affinity of the dopamine molecules reduces their interaction with the polymer, and the water molecules can form a uniform protecting water sheath. Thus neither the kinetics nor the temperature of the phase transition of the carrier matrix are influenced by the dopamine. The DSC results imply the formation of polymer and dopamine-rich domains above the phase transition. Indole, on the other hand, readily substitutes for the water molecules through the interaction between the C=O sites of the polymer and the NH groups of the drug. The loss of the protecting hydrophobic water and the decelerated fluctuation of the indole decorated polymer chains result in a much slower phase transition and a depleted phase transition temperature. The interaction between the carrier matrix and the indole results in a uniform distribution of the drug and after drying the indole is found in amorphous form. Dopamine, on the contrary, forms crystalline regions.

Microneedles assisted controlled and improved transdermal delivery of high molecular drugs via in situ forming depot thermoresponsive poloxamers gels in skin microchannels

Skin is considered as an attractive route for variety of drug molecule administration. However, it is proved to be the main physical barrier for drug flux owing to their poor permeability and low bioavailability across stratum corneum layer. In the current study, novel approach has been used to enhance transdermal delivery via microporation through combination of poloxamers gels and microneedles (MNs) arrays. The phase transition of poloxamers at various concentrations from sol–gel was evaluated using AR2000 rheometer to confirm MNs-assisted in situ forming depots. Temperature test confirmed gelation between 32 and 37 °C. Curcumin was loaded in poloxamer formulations at variable concentrations and its effect showed reduction in critical gelation temperature (CGT) owing to its hydrophobic nature. Microneedle arrays (600 µm) prepared from Gantrez S-97, PEG10000 and gelatin B using (19 × 19) laser-engineered silicone micromoulds showed high mechanical stability investigated via Texture analyzer. From in situ dissolution profile, gelatin 15% w/w based MNs displayed quicker dissolution rate in comparison to PG10000. VivoSight® OCT scanner and dye tracking confirmed that PG10000 MNs arrays pierced SC layer, infiltrate the epidermis and goes to dermis layer. From in vitro permeation, it was concluded that 20% w/w PF127® gel formulations containing (0.1% and 0.3%) curcumin displayed high curcumin permeation for comparatively longer time through microporated skin samples in comparison to non-microporated skin. The curcumin distribution in skin tissues with higher florescence intensity was noted in MNs treated skin samples by confocal microscopy. FTIR confirmed the structure formation of fabricated MNs, while TGA showed dry, brittle and rigid nature of gelatin MNs.

From Precision Colloidal Hybrid Materials to Advanced Functional Assemblies.

ConspectusThe concept of colloids encompasses a wide range of isotropic and anisotropic particles with diverse sizes, shapes, and functions from synthetic nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanosheets to functional biological units. They are addressed in materials science for various functions, while they are ubiquitous in the biological world for multiple functions. A large variety of synthetic colloids have been researched due to their scientific and technological importance; still they characteristically suffer from finite size distributions, imperfect shapes and interactions, and not fully engineered functions. This contrasts with biological colloids that offer precision in their size, shape, and functionality. Materials science has searched for inspiration from the biological world to allow structural control by self-assembly and hierarchy and to identify novel routes for combinations of functions in bio-inspiration.Herein, we first discuss different approaches for highly defined structural control of technically relevant synthetic colloids based on guided assemblies of biological motifs. First, we describe how polydisperse nanoparticles can be assembled within hollow protein cages to allow well-defined assemblies and hierarchical packings. Another approach relies on DNA nanotechnology-based assemblies, where engineered DNA structures allow programmed assembly. Then we will discuss synthetic colloids that have either particularly narrow size dispersity or even atomically precise structures for new assemblies and potential functions. Such colloids can have well-defined packings for membranes allowing high modulus. They can be switchable using light-responsive moieties, and they can initiate packing of larger assemblies of different geometrical shapes. The emphasis is on atomically defined nanoclusters that allow well-defined assemblies by supramolecular interactions, such as directional hydrogen bonding. Finally, we will discuss stimulus-responsive colloids for new functions, even toward complex responsive functions inspired by life. Therein, stimulus-responsive materials inspired by biological learning could allow the next generation of such materials. Classical conditioning is among the simplest biological learning concepts, requiring two stimuli and triggerable memory. Therein we use thermoresponsive hydrogels with plasmonic gold nanoparticles and a spiropyran photoacid as a model. Heating is the unconditioned stimulus leading to melting of the thermoresponsive gel, whereas light (at a specified wavelength) originally leads to reduced pH without plasmonic or structural changes because of steric gel stabilization. Under heat-induced gel melting, light results in pH-decrease and chain-like aggregation of the gold nanoparticles, allowing a new plasmonic response. Thus, simultaneous heating and light irradiation allow conditioning for a newly derived stimulus, where the logic diagram is analogous to Pavlovian conditioning. The shown assemblies demonstrate the different functionalities achievable using colloids when the sizes and the dispersity are controlled.

A methacrylated hyaluronic acid network reinforced Pluronic F-127 gel for treatment of bacterial keratitis

In this study, we developed a novel in situ thermoresponsive gel by introducing crosslinked methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA-MA) networks into Pluronic F-127 (PF-127) gel (HP gel) to achieve sustained levofloxacin (LFX) delivery in bacterial keratitis treatment. The interactions between PF-127 molecules and HA-MA networks were studied by scanning electron microscopy, rheology, dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle x-ray scattering. The results showed that the HP gel exhibited a higher critical gelling temperature and lower viscosity than the PF-127 gel (P gel), and could form a uniform thin layer on the ocular surface. Moreover, the drug release profile and gel dissolution rate revealed that the HA-MA network could retard the diffusion and dissolution of drug molecules and prolong the drug release time, which corresponded to an enhanced antibacterial ability of the HP-LFX gel. Furthermore, the HP gel exhibited low cytotoxicity to human corneal epithelial cells. Finally, an in vivo pharmacodynamic study was conducted with rabbit keratitis models. An improved treatment efficacy was observed after application of the HP-LFX gels. This study highlights the potential of HP gels in ophthalmic drug delivery.

Microgripper Using Soft Microactuators for Manipulation of Living Cells.

We present a microgripper actuated by a soft microactuator for manipulating a single living cell. Soft actuators have attracted attention in recent years because their compliance which can adapt to soft targets. In this study, we propose a microgripper actuated by soft thermoresponsive hydrogels. The thermoresponsive gel swells in water when the temperature is low and shrinks when the temperature is high. Therefore, the microgripper can be driven by controlling the temperature of the thermoresponsive gel. The gels are actuated by irradiating with infrared (IR) laser to localize heating. The actuation characteristics of the gripper were theoretically analyzed and we designed a gripper that gripped a ≈10 µm size cell. Additionally, we succeeded in actuating the fabricated microgripper with laser irradiation and gripping a single living cell.

Novel Combined Lidocaine/Povidone Iodine Delivery System for Preintravitreal Injection.

Purpose: Intravitreal injection has become a popular treatment for various retina disorders and dramatically increased over the past few years. In traditional preintravitreal injection, the preparation steps are time consuming for practitioners who perform a significant number of injections per day. Besides, lidocaine gel (L-Gel) shows a potential absorption barrier on the antibacterial effect of povidone iodine (PI). Methods: In this study, we describe a L/PI gel system as an alternative approach to address these issues for traditional preinjection drug administration. Lidocaine and PI are loaded in a thermoresponsive gel instilled as a liquid to the lower fornix that transitions to a stable, solid gel depot. Results and Conclusion: The gel demonstrated decrease in conjunctival touch sensitivity and sufficient bacteria killing with a single step, suggesting a significant decrease in the time required and less potential for drug inhibition due to sequential administration.

A Predictive Model for Equilibrium Swelling of Thermoresponsive Gels in Aqueous Solutions of Surfactants

A Predictive Model for Equilibrium Swelling of Thermoresponsive Gels in Aqueous Solutions of Surfactants

Injectable Depot Forming Thermoresponsive Hydrogel for Sustained Intrascleral Delivery of Sunitinib Using Hollow Microneedles.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration is a vision-threatening disorder affecting the posterior segment of the eye. Drug delivery to the posterior segment is challenging owing to the complex anatomical and physiological structure, necessitating monthly injections of antivascular endothelial growth factors. Thermoresponsive hydrogels provide sustained drug delivery and ease of injection, due to their sol-gel transition. Poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) is a widely researched thermoresponsive hydrogel; however, insufficient wet strength and a wide mesh network make it inept for the entrapment of small molecules. Methods: A novel approach of grafting PNIPAAm with chitosan is exploited. A chitosan concentration altered in 10%, 30%, and 50% compared to PNIPAAm is investigated for entrapment of a small-molecular weight, hydrophilic drug, sunitinib (SUN), a multiple tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor. Furthermore, these hydrogels were characterized using 1H-NMR, FTIR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis for chemical characterization and viscosity, swellability, syringeability, degradation, and In-vitro permeation using Franz-diffusion cell. Results: In-vitro drug release kinetics suggested that the release of SUN could be controlled with the percentage of chitosan grafting; however, gel strength (3%-5% w/v) of 30% Cs-g-PNIPAAm did not significantly affect percentage drug release. Sustained release of SUN was observed for 1 month. In-vitro permeation studies on porcine sclera suggested that a thermoresponsive gel of chitosan grafted PNIPAAm (Cs-g-PNIPAAm) was able to sustain the drug release by 40%, compared to SUN solution. Conclusions: The study indicates that the synthesized Cs-g-NIPAAm hydrogel has the potential to serve as a tailorable injectable platform for intrascleral drug delivery applications.

Aldehyde-functional thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels exhibit strong mucoadhesion.

A series of thermoresponsive diblock copolymer worm gels is prepared via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous dispersion polymerization of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate using a water-soluble methacrylic precursor bearing pendent cis-diol groups. Selective oxidation using an aqueous solution of sodium periodate affords the corresponding aldehyde-functional worm gels. The aldehyde groups are located within the steric stabilizer chains and the aldehyde content can be adjusted by varying the periodate/cis-diol molar ratio. These aldehyde-functional worm gels are evaluated in terms of their mucoadhesion performance with the aid of a fluorescence microscopy-based assay. Using porcine urinary bladder mucosa as a model substrate, we demonstrate that these worm gels offer a comparable degree of mucoadhesion to that afforded by chitosan, which is widely regarded to be a ‘gold standard’ positive control in this context. The optimum degree of aldehyde functionality is approximately 30%: lower degrees of functionalization lead to weaker mucoadhesion, whereas higher values compromise the desirable thermoresponsive behavior of these worm gels.

Control over emergence and alignment of transient blisters in thermo-responsive gels using hierarchically patterned substrates.

Surfaces with tunable microscale textures are vital in a large variety of technological applications, including heat transfer, antifouling and adhesion. To facilitate such broad-scale use, there is a need to create surfaces that undergo reconfigurable changes in topology and thus, enable switchable functionality. To date, there is a relative dearth of methods for engineering surfaces that can be actuated to change topography over a range of length scales, and hence, form tunable hierarchically structured layers. Combining modeling and experiments, we design a geometrically patterned, thermo-responsive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) gel film that undergoes controllable hierarchical changes in topology with changes in temperature. At the bottom, the film is covalently bound to a solid, curved substrate; at the top, the film encompasses longitudinal rectangular ridges that are oriented perpendicular to the underlying cylindrical curves. At temperatures below lower critical solution temperature (LCST), the swollen gel exhibits 3D variations in polymer density and thickness defined by the gel's top and bottom topography. As the temperature rises above LCST, the interplay between the upper ridges and lower curves in the gel drives non-uniform, directional solvent transport, the nucleation and propagation of a phase-separated higher-density skin layer, and the resulting pressure buildup within the film. These different, interacting kinetic processes lead to an instability, which produces transient microscopic blisters in the film. Through simulations, we show how tuning the width of the ridges modifies the propagation of a skin layer and creates localized pressure build-up points, which enables control over the emergence, distribution, and alignment of the microscopic blisters. Additionally, we provide a simple argument to predict the size of such microscopic features. Experiments confirm our predictions and further highlight how our computational model enables the rational design of topographical transitions in these tunable films. The development of actuatable, hierarchically structured films provides new routes for achieving switchable functionality in actuators, drug release systems and adhesives.

(Invited) Stretchable Liquid-State Electronics Using Liquid Metal

Stretchable devices have many potential applications in wearable electronics, robotics, health monitoring, and more. Mechanically deformable devices and sensors enable conformal coverage of electronic systems on curved and soft surfaces. Sensors and actuators utilizing liquids confined in soft templates as the sensing component present the ideal platform for such applications, as liquids are inherently more deformable than solids. A new approach utilizing the concept of “liquid-state electronics” with conductive liquids for stretchable sensors has been proposed. Liquid metals(LMs) is one of the promising materials. Over the past few years, LMs have been steadily attracting more interest, particularly in the flexible and soft electronics field and the related applications. There are several definitions for the term “liquid metal” and numerous research efforts have been underway to use liquid metals in various fields. The simplest definition for this term can be given as “a composite of alloys with low melting points having high electrical conductivity that allows retention of a liquid state at room temperature and good deformability”. Here, we report outline of soft sensors and actuators using liquid metals, highly sensitive pressure sensor based on the Wheatstone bridge, an temperature, humidity, oxygen, light sensors with liquid-liquid “heterojunction” and gel actuators using liquid metalIn terms of a pressure sensor, current liquid-metal based pressure sensors are incapable of resolving small pressure changes in the few kPa range, making them unsuitable for applications such as heart-rate monitoring which require much lower pressure detection resolution. The developed capable of resolving sub-50 Pa changes in pressure with sub-100 Pa detection limits and a response time of 90 ms is demonstrated in this report. As examples of potential applications, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) wristband with an embedded microfluidic diaphragm pressure sensor capable of real time pulse monitoring.Liquid-based devices such as pressure sensors have been limited to metal lines based on a single liquid (e. g. Liquid metal) component given the difficulty in the fabrication of liquid-based junctions due to intermixing. We demonstrate state-of-art microfluidic environmental sensors using liquid metal, temperature, humidity, oxygen and light sensors with mechanically robust liquid-liquid “heterojunction”. This report will present an important advancement towards the realization of liquid-state electronic systems.Gel actuators are composed of gels which have functionality of actuation according to environmental situation such as temperature change and pH. However, in terms of gels reacting environmental changes, they require the change in entire chamber, which makes control of an individual actuator difficult. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) [PNIPAM] that has thermo responsive actuation is one of the conventional gels for actuators. PNIPAM gel exposed to an environment at higher than lower critical solution temperature(LCST) changes hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Eventually, its volume decreases. In order to actuate the gels, they are required to temperature change inside a whole chamber. It is difficult to control the actuation individually. In this presentation, a gel actuators that combine a heater using ultra-soft coil with liquid metal, and a thermo responsive gel is proposed. The resistive heat by liquid metal changes temperature only around an actuator, which achieves the electrical control of an individual actuator.

Swelling of composite microgels with soft cores and thermo-responsive shells

This study deals with constitutive modeling and numerical simulation of equilibrium swelling of composite microgels with soft temperature-insensitive cores and thermo-responsive (TR) shells. Our analysis takes into account a pronounced increase in the elastic moduli of TR gels of the LCST (lower critical solution temperature) type driven by aggregation of hydrophobic segments into clusters above the volume phase transition temperature. Material parameters are found by fitting observations on poly(acrylamide) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gels with various concentrations of cross-linkers. Good agreement is demonstrated between the experimental data and results of numerical analysis. The effects of mechanical properties of the core and the shell and geometry of composite microgels on distribution of water molecules are studied numerically. Several unexpected phenomena are discovered in simulation.

A novel biomass thermoresponsive konjac glucomannan composite gel developed to control the coal spontaneous combustion: Fire prevention and extinguishing properties

Spontaneous combustion in coal mines continues to pose a significant risk. A novel biomass composite thermoresponsive gel produced by mixing konjac glucomannan (KGM) with fly ash (FA) was prepared to prevent coal spontaneous combustion. The composite gel had a controllable gelation time, a good seepage capacity, a high water retention capacity, a good combustion inhibition effect and an excellent fire extinguishing effect. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the FA strongly interfacially adhered to the three-dimensional KGM framework and the gel wrapped around the coal surfaces well. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy element mapping indicated that the FA was mixed uniformly with the KGM gel. The KGM@FA gel oxidation characteristics were analyzed by thermogravimetry infrared analysis and low-temperature coal oxidation system. The KGM@FA gel was found to effectively inhibit coal temperature increases, heat accumulation and CO generation during the process of oxidation and combustion, which would decrease the likelihood of coal spontaneous combustion. Fire-extinguishing experiments indicated that the gel covered the surfaces of burning coal well and markedly decreased the fire temperature and CO emissions and therefore stably extinguished the fire without combustion restarting. The KGM@FA gel is therefore an effective fire prevention and extinction material.

Stimulus-responsive phototherapeutic micellar platform of Rose Bengal B: A new perspective for the treatment of wounds

Thermoresponsive micellar gels of Pluronic F127® and Carbopol C934P® blends have recently received interest as a dermatological platform for photosensitizer delivery in infected wounds. In this context, Rose Bengal B is an appropriate photosensitizer for minimizing bacteria strains that cause secondary infections of various wound groups. In this work, we proposed a micellar platform containing Rose Bengal B, ainming to treat dermatological wounds. The easy administration, on-site retention, and sustained photosensitizer delivery performance are some of the benefits that the system can combine. Sol-gel transition temperature, mechanic, rheologic, permeability properties, and bioadhesion analyses of formulation in ex vivo systems were examinated, using porcine ear skin. The formulates have shown appropriate gelling properties for topical treatments, with phase transition around 25 °C. Mechanic and rheologic analyses identified pseudoplastic behavior and thixotropy properties. This information reveals reductions in viscosity with shear stress, allowing easier mixing, pumping, bottling, and packing. Besides, these analyses showed the systems' viscoelasticity, a determining condition for an adequate formulation performance after its administration. In addition to all these benefits, formulates showed bioadhesive properties and a considerable skin permeation capacity of micelles that contained Rose Bengal B.