In this talk, we present research that aims to identify the specific pathways of heat and charge transport in complex hybrid polymer-nanowire thermoelectric systems. These materials have demonstrated remarkable performance due to interfacial charge transport dynamics that have proven difficult to untangle. Here I present the work of a few recent papers to disaggregate the role of the organic and inorganic layer in the transport of charge and heat, as well as the mechanism that causes an enhancement in thermoelectric performance. We also assess the role of specific features of the polymer and nanowire themselves, and how those contribute to transport. We do this at both the single nanowire level, and also at the film level, enabling meaningful comparisons and conclusions. Through combining thermoelectric property measurements using a custom-built suspended microbridge setup for single nanowires, the Kang-Snyder charge transport model as well as gate modulated electrical conductivity measurements, we conclude that the thin organic PEDOT:PSS shell is the predominant channel for charge carrier transport in this hybrid material, and the large electrical conductivity is attributed to the highly ordered PEDOT chains on the Te nanowire surface brought about by a templating effect. We also present complementary research on charge transport characteristics of modified PEDOT:PSS derivatives as well. This talk will summarize the work of our 4 most recent manuscripts from the last few months.