Thermal Power Industry Research Articles

The possibilities of using shale gas in the Russian and European power industries

Recent years have witnessed wide interest of the society in the problem of shale gas with its being discussed at different levels, up to political ones. The data on the shale gas resources worldwide and in individual regions are analyzed. The possibilities of shale gas production and prospects of using it for replacing the supplies of natural gas to Europe from Russia are evaluated. Matters concerned with the consumer properties of shale gas are considered. The likelihood of using shale gas in the thermal power industry of Russia is estimated.

The Measurement of Environmental Performance and Economic Performance Based on Catastrophe Theory: Case Studies of Thermal Power Industry and Steel Industry in China

We employed catastrophe theory and entropy method to measure and compare the environmental performance and economic performance of 40 listed companies from the thermal power and steel industries in China, to explore their relationship. The results showed that the environmental performance of the steel industry was less than that of the thermal power industry, but their economic performance was similar. This means that steel industry has had lower resource use efficiency and more pollutant emission, and has a larger potential to saving resources, energy and environment pollution. Both the correlation analysis and regression analysis indicated that there existed a significant positive relationship between the environmental performance and economic performance of the steel industry and thermal power industry in China. This means that it is very possible to gain win-win situation of these two performances, if the listed companies tend to make advanced production and environment protection activities come into a benevolent cycle, by means of technology upgrading and transformation.

Energy Efficiency Evaluation for Steam Turbine and Auxiliary System

Thermal power industry in China is facing energyshortage , but now there is a lack of a comprehensive energy efficiency evaluation system to promote the energy efficiency ,The energy efficiency evaluation for steam turbine and auxiliary system fills this gap. On account of the fuzziness and randomness of the evaluation process, we propose the AHM-F combination evaluation method.It not only evaluted the energy efficiency level of the steam turbine and auxiliary system,but also point out the direction for further improving of energy efficiency level. The scientificalness and effectiveness of the proposed method is verfied by the example analysis of the 600MW unit in a power plant.

Examining the Volatility Degree of Mutual Influence among Different Variables: Thermal Power Plants

Energy consumption by industrial sectors has possessed a large proportion of total energy use in many countries especially China. For the purposes of energy conservation, the government of China has implemented long-term policies to continuously assist thermal power industries in improving the energy efficiency. This paper investigates the short- and long-term causal relationship implied by the standard coal consumption per unit product of power (SCC), the rate of electricity consumption of power plant (EC), the total water consumption per unit product of power generation (WC) and the total oil consumption per year (OC). The result indicates that there is mutual influence among variables. The SCC is significantly correlated with the EC, a large amount of EC may impact SCC heavily. The OC is proved to be a new driving factor, and it has long-run equilibrium relationship with other three variables.

The potential estimation and factor analysis of China′s energy conservation on thermal power industry

At present, researches about energy conservation are focused on prediction. But there are few researches focused on the estimation of effective input and energy conservation potential, and there has been even no research on energy conservation of thermal power industry of China. This paper will try to fill in such a blank. Panel data on Chinese thermal power industry over 2005–2010 are established, and we adopt the stochastic frontier analysis approach to estimate the energy saving potential of thermal power industry. The results are as follows: (1) the average efficiency of energy inputs in China′s thermal power industry over 2005–2010 was about 0.85, and cumulative energy saving potential equals to 551.04 (Mtce); (2) by improving the non-efficiency factors, the relatively backward inland cities could achieve higher energy saving in thermal power industry; (3) the energy input efficiency of Eastern China Grid is shown to be the highest; (4) in order to realize the energy-saving goal of thermal power industry, one important policy method the government should adopt is to conduct a market-oriented reform in power industry and break the state-owned monopoly to provide incentives for private and foreign direct investment in thermal power sector.

Extensive feedwater quality control and monitoring concept for preventing chemistry-related failures of boiler tubes in a subcritical thermal power plant

Prevention and minimizing corrosion processes on steam generating equipment is highly important in the thermal power industry. The maintenance of feedwater quality at a level corresponding to the standards of technological designing, followed by timely respond to the fluctuation of measured parameters, has a decisive role in corrosion prevention. In this study, the comprehensive chemical control of feedwater quality in 210 MW Thermal Power Plant (TPP) was carried out in order to evaluate its potentiality to assure reliable function of the boiler and discover possible irregularity that might be responsible for frequent boiler tube failures. Sensitive on-line and off-line analytical instruments were used for measuring key and diagnostic parameters considered to be crucial for boiler safety and performances. Obtained results provided evidences for exceeded levels of oxygen, silica, sodium, chloride, sulfate, copper, and conductivity what distinctly demonstrated necessity of feedwater control improvement. Consequently, more effective feedwater quality monitoring concept was recommended. In this paper, the explanation of presumable root causes of corrosive contaminants was given including basic directions for their maintenance in proscribed limits.

Thermal Power Industry NOX Emissions Forecast Based on Improved Tandem Gray BP Neural Network

In this study, we build a new thermal power sector NOx emissions prediction model of tandem gray BP neural network. Firstly we use 1994-2010 years NOx emissions data to establish three gray prediction models: GM (1,1), WPGM (1,1) and pGM (1,1); Secondly, by comparison, we select the best prediction model pGM (1,1) and at the same time take NOx emissions factors as the BP neural network input, 1994-2010 year of NOx emissions data for training and testing. Lastly we proceed to predict thermal power industry NOx emissions in China in 2013 and 2020. Prediction result is: mean relative error of the improved tandem gray BP neural network prediction results is 1.92%, which is lower 0.158% than pGM (1,1) model and 0.28% than BP neural network model respectively.

Sulfur Dioxide Emission Combination Prediction Model of China Thermal Power Industry

The prediction of regional sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emission of thermal power belongs to gray system which has small amounts of samples and little information, so a appropriate forecasting method is essential. Based on thermal power industry SO 2 emission data from state department authorities, considering the main factors of China's thermal power industry SO 2 predicted emission, we established a combination prediction model connecting gray prediction model with BP neural network model to predict SO 2 emission, and we get more satisfied prediction. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i3.2181

Measures to improve the performance of China’s thermal power industry in view of cost efficiency

The heavy losses of China’s thermal power industry have attracted lots of attention. Besides the adjustment of power price, how to improve its poor performance becomes an important issue. Combining the cost Malmquist with the Luenberger index, this paper introduces a new method to measure the cost efficiencies of China’s 30 provinces’ thermal power industries with carbon emissions considered. Furthermore, we quantify the influence of input price changes on the price effect (PE) using panel data regression. The empirical results indicate that: (1) combining dynamic efficiency with static efficiency, the results will be more objective; (2) compared with previous emphasis on adjusting external factors, the future policy reforms should incentivize corporations to improve their management; and (3) external fuel price change is not the direct reason for cost efficiency fluctuation, and the thermal power industry should make more efforts to improve their technical efficiency.

Can environmental regulations enhance efficiency? Empirical study for China’s thermal power industry

From the perspective of energy efficiency, the paper analyzes the environmental regulations on efficiency of the thermal power industry in China’s 30 provinces in the year of 2004, including the autonomous regions and municipalities. Excluding the environmental effects and the statistical noise, the paper studies the relationship between the level of environmental regulations and the efficiency of China’s thermal power with non-regulations, weak-regulations and strong-regulations. The results demonstrate that environmental regulations can improve the efficiency of China’s thermal power as a whole. However, this theory is not suitable for every region. The study concludes three different developing modes: environmentally- friendly mode influenced by internal forces, weak environmentally-friendly mode and environmentally-friendly mode created by external forces. The paper suggests three different regulations in correspondence to the three modes. Key words: Environmental regulations, three-stage DEA, China thermal power industry.

A multi-element thermal imaging system based on an uncooled bolometric array

A thermal imaging system based on a commercial uncooled microbolometric array of 384 × 288 elements has been developed and produced. The temperature and spatial resolutions of the system are <0.08°C and 0.96 mrad, respectively. The system has been designed to monitor the technical state of thermal power industry objects. Owing to the “open architecture” and the modular structure of the hardware and software, the system can be adapted for any thermal diagnostic task.

Spatiotemporal variations of tropospheric SO2 over China by SCIAMACHY observations during 2004–2009

This paper presents results of measurements of tropospheric sulphur dioxide (SO2) from satellite over China during 2004–2009. SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT SO2 data products have been validated by ground based remote sensing instrument MAXDOAS in China, and with predictions of the atmospheric model GEOS–Chem. The spatial and temporal distribution of tropospheric SO2 over China is discussed in this study. The result shows that the SO2 load over East China is decreasing since strong control for pollution emission in 2007 for preparation of 2008 Olympic Games in China, while the SO2 load in West China is increasing all the way during 2004–2009, which might reflect that the anthropogenic activity was added to promote the economy development in west of China.Typical seasonal variation with high pollution levels in winter and low in summer is found in the northwest of China, while the inverse seasonal variation is found for the south of China. The characteristics of tropospheric SO2 over the major cities in China were explored and found that tropospheric SO2 was partly under control from 2007 because of the policy from China government for reduction in SO2 emissions in 2006. And the SO2 value shows remarkably decrease in most of the major cities after 2007 because strong control for the pollution emission for 2008 Olympic games. Guangzhou city shows high SO2 pollution levels in summer time, since most of the coal power plants and thermal power industry are located to the south of Guangzhou city and southerly winds dominate during summer time.

Thermal Power Financial Environment Risk Forecast Model by Combined Stock Multi-indicators Basis on RBF Neural Network

It has an important significance for thermal power industry to take analysis and forecasting financial environment risk. With the scope of this paper, a RBF neural network model focus on risk analysis was constructed, and a series of input indicator combinations designed to get more accurate predictions

Transfer of control system interface solutions from other domains to the thermal power industry

In a thermal power plant the operators' roles are to control and monitor the process to achieve efficient and safe production. To achieve this, the human-machine interfaces have a central part. The interfaces need to be updated and upgraded together with the technical functionality to maintain optimal operation. One way of achieving relevant updates is to study other domains and see how they have solved similar issues in their design solutions. The purpose of this paper is to present how interface design solution ideas can be transferred from domains with operator control to thermal power plants. In the study 15 domains were compared using a model for categorisation of human-machine systems. The result from the domain comparison showed that nuclear power, refinery and ship engine control were most similar to thermal power control. From the findings a basic interface structure and three specific display solutions were proposed for thermal power control: process parameter overview, plant overview, and feed water view. The systematic comparison of the properties of a human-machine system allowed interface designers to find suitable objects, structures and navigation logics in a range of domains that could be transferred to the thermal power domain.

MFA Study on Typical Energy (Coal) Chemical Base — Ningdong Case

Energy (coal) chemical base refers to the industrial cluster which is mainly formed by coal, thermal power, coal chemical and building materials industries within a special region. The constructions of energy (coal) chemical bases promote the in situ conversion of coal resources, reducing water and material consumption as well as pollutant emissions. Through the material flow analysis, the input and output relationship within energy (coal) chemical-base was carried out in this article. And combined with case study, recommendations of key technologies to perfect the energy (coal) chemical-based industrial chain were proposed, so as to promote environmental protection.

Emissions inventory of anthropogenic PM2.5 and PM10 in Delhi during Commonwealth Games 2010

As part of the System of Air quality Forecasting and Research (SAFAR) project developed for air quality forecasting during the Commonwealth Games (CWG) – 2010, a high resolution Emission Inventory (EI) of PM 10 and PM 2.5 has been developed for the metropolitan city Delhi for the year 2010. The comprehensive inventory involves detailed activity data and developed for a domain of 70 km × 65 km with a 1.67 km × 1.67 km resolution covering Delhi and surrounding region using Geographical Information System (GIS) technique. The major sectors considered are, transport, thermal power plants , industries, residential and commercial cooking along with windblown road dust which is found to play a major role for Delhi environment. It has been found that total emissions of PM 10 and PM 2.5 including wind blown dust over the study area are found to be 236 Gg yr −1 and 94 Gg yr −1 respectively. The contribution of windblown road dust is found to be as high as 131 Gg yr −1 for PM 10 . ► A high resolution inventory of PM 10 and PM 2.5 are developed for mega city Delhi. ► Inventories are used for air quality forecasting during Commonwealth Games 2010. ► Inventory incorporate the activity data generated during one year field campaign. ► Total emission of PM 10 and PM 2.5 is found to be 236 Gg yr −1 and 94 Gg yr −1 for year 2010. ► Surprisingly emission from paved and unpaved roads is as high as 131 Gg yr −1 for PM 10 .

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on the Thermal Power Plants’ Ability of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction

Thermal power industry promotes economic development in a high speed, and it also brings the problem of resources and the environment. Building the evaluation index system of the thermal power plants’ ability of energy saving and emission reduction, we made use of the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight. And the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was applied to a thermal power plant in Shandong Province. We obtain following conclusion: the primer factor which confines its ability of energy conservation and emission reduction is pollutant emission. On this basis, we put forward the specific implementation measures from fiscal policy, tax policy and monetary policy, aim is to accelerate the development of China’s energy saving and emission reduction.

Study on the Ecologic Network System of Energy-intensive Industries

Abstract The energy-intensive industries (including metallurgical industry, chemical industry, building material industry, and thermal power industry) come to form an ecologic network system based on the eco-industrial chains in the process of circular economic construction. This article tries to analyze and study the systematical elements, composition of eco-industrial chains and the model of network structure, in the view of integrated system. The construction of ecologic network system is an important way for the coordinated development of circular economy in an energyintensive industrial cluster. Some suggestions are made to improve the ecologic network system comprehensively.

Optimization of the decontamination of primary circuits of nuclear power installations

Two conflicting problems are solved in the course of chemical decontamination of the primary circuit of nuclear reactors: removing the maximal amount of radionuclides from the surfaces of the primary circuit equipment and minimizing the impact of decontaminating solutions on structural materials. A criterion for reliable determination of the completion of dissolution of surface corrosion deposits is suggested and substantiated. Since the criterion suggested is not related to the specific decontamination solutions, it can be applied to any decontamination procedure and chemical washing of the equipment in nuclear and thermal power industry.

Source identification of aerosols influencing atmospheric extinction: Integrating PMF and PSCF with emission inventories and satellite observations

The relative influence of source categories of aerosols that affect atmospheric extinction is analyzed by evaluating the potential source contribution function (PSCF) based source regions of the positive matrix factorization (PMF) estimated factors against satellite retrievals of aerosol index and active fires and combining with emission inventory information. This approach has been applied to aerosol chemical data obtained from the integrated campaign undertaken during March–May 2006: Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, Gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB). Four source categories were identified: dust, nitrate‐and‐dust, biomass‐and‐fossil combustion, and secondary species. The relative influence of dust and nitrate‐and‐dust was higher during north–south transport from west Asia over the Arabian Sea during the period of campaign, coincident with highs in the spatial distribution of Ultraviolet Aerosol Index (UVAI) from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), implying dust‐nitrate association in the outflow from west Asia. The relative influence of anthropogenic sources (biomass‐and‐fossil combustion and secondary species) was higher over Bay of Bengal during March–April 2006. High fire frequency from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), coincident with the probable source regions identified in the central Indo‐Gangetic plain and central India (south of 27°N), indicates influence of biomass burning source. The biomass‐and‐fossil combustion factor arising from biofuel, crop residue, and forest fires is evident by their large emission flux rather than from industrial sources in the probable source regions associated with this factor. In contrast, thermal power plant and industries largely influenced the secondary species factor. This approach provides verification of source categories identified through PMF against active sources from satellite remote sensing and provides an estimate of their relative strength based on emission inventory information.