Phase change materials (PCM)-based photovoltaic module cooling systems (PVCS) are essential in lowering module temperatures and improving overall efficiency. The use of conch shell-based composite PCM in PVCS for improved thermal management has not been reported. This study uses thermally conductive calcium compounds enriched aqua bio-mass based carbonized conch shell porous carbon (CSC) as an organic form stabilizer to produce a composite Paraffin PCM (CPN) and explores its thermal energy storage capabilities for PVCS. The effect of carbonization temperature on the development of CSC frameworks is investigated by assessing morphology, graphitization degree, crystalline nature, functional elements, and surface characteristics. The composite CPN samples are then produced using a vacuum impregnation process with different mass proportions (43:57, 50:50, 57:43, and 64:36) of Paraffin PCM and CSC form stabilizer. Non-carbonized conch shell powder based composite PCM samples are produced using the former process and use as reference samples. The leakage assessment study demonstrates that the composite CPN with a proportion of 64:36 offers better anti-leak tendency before and after thermal cycling. The composite CPN sample is further evaluated for thermal conductivity, phase transition properties, thermal stability, and chemical stability. Experimentation on phase change rate assessment of the composite CPN demonstrates its capability for PVCS. The cycled composite CPN sample possesses a better loading efficiency (90.71 %), enhanced thermal conductivity from 0.214 to 0.433 W/mK, improved thermal stability up to 204oC, melting/freezing energy density (206.3/191.2 J/g), and thermal storage capability (96.82 %), making it a viable anti-leak material for improving PVCS operational performance.
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