Modelization Research Articles

Adorno and Habermas: Two varieties of post-metaphysical thinking

This essay asks how much of Adorno is present in Habermas’s theory of communicative reason and how far Adorno anticipated Habermas in his linguistic-philosophical reflections. Despite all their differences, Adorno and Habermas agree that a contemporary philosophy must be conceived as a critique of metaphysics, which they develop with different theoretical means. For Adorno’s anti-idealist philosophy of negative dialectics, the ‘fall of metaphysics’ is irresistible, but he continues to reflect whether philosophy must still take account of the need for metaphysics. For Habermas, a modestly reconceived post-metaphysical philosophy, whose genealogy he reconstructs in his late work Auch eine Geschichte der Philosophie, is a placeholder for a theory of practical reason. As a hermeneutic science, philosophy also continues to pursue the task of contributing to human beings’ understanding of themselves and the world. Its role as an interpreter also crucially includes the attempt to translate the unsatisfied semantic elements of religious traditions into secular conceptions. This intention is in line with Adorno’s postulate that theological elements can only be sustained if they are transformed into this-worldly language.

Response generation, not response execution, influences feelings of rightness in reasoning.

It has been argued that the experience of ease (i.e., the ability to quickly generate an initial response) during processing influences one's likelihood of engaging reflectively when reasoning. This is a key facet of Metacognitive Reasoning Theory (MRT) and numerous studies have found support for this claim by showing that answers that come to mind quickly, are associated with higher feelings of rightness (FORs), and less reflective processing. However, the possibility remains that the critical determinant of FORs may be the speed of executing a response and not generating a response, given the nature of the evidence for this claim. Across two experiments, we manipulated the duration of the response execution to identify whether participants' FOR judgements are at least partially based on factors occurring after the initial mental generation of an answer. We found no evidence that FORs nor reflection are influenced by a manipulation of response execution. Broadly, the present investigation provides evidence that the relation between speed of response and FORs is likely due to the speed with which an answer is generated internally, and not the response execution phase. These findings are consistent with Metacognitive Reasoning Theory and provide further support for the suggestion that answer fluency is the critical variable in determining FORs. All data, scripts, and materials can be found at https://osf.io/f48az/.

The Theory of Reasons and Causes Between Mu'tazila and Ash'ari -A Comparative Study-


 
 
 
 ABSTRACT
 
 This research revolves around the theory of reasons and causes between Mu'tazila and Ash'ari. I have chosen two teams from the speakers: Mu'tazila and Ash'ari as examples of the applications of this theory, because they are located on opposite sides. From the opinion of the Mu'tazilites, they make the connection between the reasons and the causes, obligatory, as they do not separate from each other. On the contrary Ashari state that the connection is normal, and the reasons work when the cause is not with it, and a difference between working with it and working with it. Each statement ineludes religious traces. Some of them are dealing with the creation of peoples actions.
 
 
 

Case study on thermal design improvement of hydrazine monopropellant pipelines for satellite propulsion system

The present research investigates a case study on thermal design and improvement of hydrazine monopropellant pipelines based on actual cases, in order to highlight the critical factors for thermal design when developing an onboard propulsion system for a satellite. A simple 1-D thermal math model was developed for thermal analysis using the lumped-parameter assumption, and three different thermal design cases of hydrazine propellant pipeline layouts were considered. By increasing heater power densities and applying modified worst cold boundary conditions for thermal analysis, the thermal design performance for the propellant pipelines of an actual satellite could be improved and verified through thermal vacuum test.After the successful operation of the pipeline heaters in the real space environment, some important lessons learned on thermal design improvements of hydrazine monopropellant pipeline layout could be attained from the present case study. These lessons learned will be useful for the future development of satellite onboard propulsion systems.

Faith without Dogmatism: Karl Jaspers’ Critique of Bultmann's and Barth's Dogmatic Theologies

In his mature philosophical writings, Karl Jaspers juxtaposes his own theory of reason with what he considers irrational and dogmatising tendencies in the works of Rudolf Bultmann and Karl Barth. On Jaspers's view, both Bultmann and Barth construct theologies that serve as a priori frameworks through which to understand all the contingencies of existence. In opposition to such dogmatisms, Jaspers advances a hermeneutics that forbids, in advance, any permanent conclusions by proposing that we understand religious, artistic, and other approaches to transcendence as ciphers. Such ciphers, Jaspers holds, offer no fixed and final interpretation of transcendence but offer a way to remain non-dogmatically open to a wide range of possible understandings of it. As opening up a non-dogmatic form of communication, cipher-reading is guided by reason's will to openness and communication. However, as I ultimately point out, Jaspers's own effort to develop a non-dogmatic hermeneutics is beset by some of the very difficulties he identifies in the theologies of Barth and Bultmann.

Analisis Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Pada Materi Aturan Sinus dan Kosinus Kelas X Mipa 1 SMA N 1 Sipora Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai

ABSTRACTThe background of this research is in the difficulties experienced by students in solving maths in the form of story. The porpose of this study is to describe students’ difficulties in solving the Rules Sinus and Cosinus. The research method is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. This subject of this research was a class X MIPA 1 SMAN 1 Sipora which was 24 students, 10 male and 14 female students. Sampling technique is purposive sampling. The instruments used to collect data are description test and interviews. The test result were analyzed based on the indicator of difficulty completing the story problems. The result of this study describe the number of students having difficulty completing the take of learning the Rules Sinus and Cosinus. 33% of students have difficulty translating taks and about 25% of students having difficulties making math models, 25% of students have difficulties in completing math models, 17% of students have difficulties in expressing a final answer. The largest difficulties that students experienced when working on stories lies in translating questions, completing math models, creating math models, and declaring the final answer.

A Comprehensive Failure Risk Analysis of Drainage Pipes Utilizing Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and Evidential Reasoning

Drainage pipes play a crucial role in maintaining the functionality of cities and ensuring the smooth flow of daily life for its inhabitants. However, due to their placement either in shallow ground or within building foundations, maintenance of these pipes can be challenging. At present, research in this field primarily focuses on evaluating the overall health of macroscopic pipeline systems. Moreover, there is a lack of decision algorithms that can effectively minimize the subjectivity of experts. To address this issue, a failure risk analysis method was developed that incorporates the principles of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Evidential Reasoning (ER), and Fuzzy Set Theory (FST) (FACEF). Nineteen pipeline failures were analyzed by synthesizing information from five commonly used pipeline evaluation specifications. Ten experts were consulted to evaluate these failures, and the scores were calculated and ranked using the FACEF method. The results indicated that six types of failures, namely penetration, crack, deformation, mismatch, leakage, and obstruction, require the most attention. An analysis of the typical causes of failure was conducted based on the FACEF scores, and measures for prevention and control were recommended. This study provides novel perspectives and insights on the risk management of pipeline failures, with a focus on reducing the influence of expert subjectivity through the refinement of pipeline failure analysis.

Reasoning by Analogy in Mathematical Practice

Abstract In this paper, we offer a descriptive theory of analogical reasoning in mathematics, stating general conditions under which an analogy may provide genuine inductive support to a mathematical conjecture (over and above fulfilling the merely heuristic role of ‘suggesting’ a conjecture in the psychological sense). The proposed conditions generalize the criteria of Hesse in her influential work on analogical reasoning in the empirical sciences. By reference to several case studies, we argue that the account proposed in this paper does a better job in vindicating the use of analogical inference in mathematics than the prominent alternative defended by Bartha.

METHOD OF ESTIMATING JOINT USE OF GROUNDWATER IN TRANSBOUNDARY AQUIFERS ON MATHEMATICAL MODELS

The methodological approach to solving the problems of optimal sharing of transboundary groundwater is determined as a result of mathematical modelling. Differential equation reproduces the confined-unconfined filtration of groundwater in the multi-stratified system as the basic approximation. Must be considered a single flow of underground waters, whose existence and properties depend on the areas of supply and discharge, which may be located in the territories of different countries. For regulation of transboundary water use the following criteria are suggested: quantitative estimation of ground and surface water depletion due to long time water discharge, calculation of extending time from contamination sources, identification of unknown location a possible source of contamination by groundwater flow velocity inversion. As an example, the results of modelling of cross-border flows underground in the territories Russia-Ukraine and Russia-Kazakhstan are given. The hydrodynamic math models have to be a subsystem of the total monitoring. Using such approach, both geological service and government authorities meet the real instrument for assessing and forecasting conditions of underground hydrosphere and efficient regulating of the anthropogenic load.

‘Seeing is experiencing’: impact of showcasing fashion merchandise on digital platforms

Purpose The principal purpose of this study is to analyze the consumer emotions on virtual merchandising in the context of social consumption ecosystem driven by value and lifestyle across the big middle consumer segment. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative information has been collected from 114 respondents selected through snowballing technique within the metropolitan area of Mexico City. A semi-structured research instrument was used to conduct the in-depth interviews online. Findings The results of the study indicate that technology-led virtual merchandising stimulates arousal and merriment among consumers, which converges the self-image congruence and appearance similarity. The subjects of the study have endorsed that visual stimulus leading to self-image and body image congruence develop consistent arousal and merriment, which lead to positive purchase intentions and buying decisions and inculcate the perception as seeing is experiencing. Research limitations/implications The samples drawn for this study may also limit the possibilities of generalization of the study results and map the consumer behavior in a predetermined pattern. Practical implications This study is founded on the theoretical maxims of theory of visual perceptions, cognitive theory of reasoning, theory of appearance and reality and Heider’s balance theory and contributes to these theories by explaining the relationship between the social self-concept and self-image congruence. Social implications Firms retailing online fashion apparel should also be engaged in developing user-generated contents through communications on social media encouraging experiential videos, slogans and reviews. Originality/value This paper significantly contributes to theoretical and practical implications on virtual shopping, emotions and beliefs and consumption culture.

The relationship between nighttime light intensity and GDP in Shanghai districts

Night light data can well reflect the economic prosperity and exploring the relationship between the nighttime light intensity and GDP can have a better understanding on the impact of night economy on regional GDP. After rectifying two satellites’ data, regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the average intensity of nighttime lights and GDP. The consequence showed that the GDP of Pudong New District, Chongming District and Shanghai is the most closely related to the average intensity of night light and presenting corresponding advice. It is the first application of multiple math models and calculations within the research field of nitghttime light intensify and GDP in Shanghai, which is a try in practice that has gained well calculated results and performed creativities.

Both syntactic and pragmatic sentence adequacy matters for recursive theory of mind in 5-year-olds

Syntax comprehension, vocabulary, and executive cognitive function are important predictors of first-order theory of mind (ToM) ability. The development of second-order or recursive ToM abilities may require more advanced linguistic skills, such as the ability to use syntactically adequate sentences. However, the recursive structure of ToM may be also based on less complex but pragmatically adequate constructions. Using two novel recursive syntax production tasks, this study investigated the relation between syntactic and pragmatic adequacy of sentence productions and second-order false belief (FB) reasoning in five-year-old children (N = 142). Syntactic adequacy of sentence productions explained 6% of variance in second-order FB reasoning above and beyond grammar comprehension, vocabulary production, and working memory, while pragmatic adequacy explained an additional 4% of variance in the recursive ToM. The new recursive syntax production tasks differed with respect to how pragmatically and syntactically adequate sentences were elicited. The paper discusses the question of how to measure recursive syntax production and whether it is a necessary precondition of more complex forms of theory of mind reasoning.

Practical Tutorial on cylindrical structure vibro-acoustics Part 1 - Vibrations

The mathematics which describe the vibroacoustic behavior of cylindrical structures are imposing to say the least. Part 1 of this practical tutorial demystifies cylindrical shell vibration theory by using measured data from actual shells and pipes to explain key concepts. For any shell, you can estimate frequency ranges where shells behave like simple beams and flat plates, greatly simplifying calculations of modes of vibration and mobilities. The key is first calculating the ring frequency - the frequency where membrane waves can propagate fully around the shell circumference. Simple infinite structure theory may then be used to compute mean mobilities for beam, shell, and flat plate behavior. Modes of vibration for a cylinder depend on both longitudinal and circumferential harmonics, or a helical wavenumber. Cremer's simple approximate resonance frequency formula is used to show examples for a large diameter short shell and a small diameter long shell (a pipe). Finally, the measured modal densities of an elbowed pipe are compared to estimates from an empirical expression for modal density of a shell. In all cases in this tutorial, measurements and simple estimates agree well, showing that cylindrical shell vibrations may be estimated without difficult math or complex computer models.

Monkeying around with monkeyflowers: Modeling pigmentation patterning mechanisms in Mimulus.

Mimulus (Monkeyflowers) is a diverse genus of angiosperms that produce many beautiful and unique pigmentation patterns. The basic mechanisms of pattern production have been tentatively described in certain species of Mimulus, and it is based on the reaction-diffusion system of a slow activator NEGAN (called a pre-pattern) and a fast inhibitor RTO. Such activator-inhibitor pair forms a Turing pattern, and we have shown that it generates various patterns in Monkeyflower petals. Using the modeling and simulation software VCell, the reaction-diffusion system can be spatially simulated with a series of differential equations. By changing the parameters of the math model or the shape of the pre-pattern, many different patterns emerge, corresponding to phenotypes observed in species of Mimulus. We aim to classify flower patterns, so they can be easily distinguished, and to identify key parameters and parameter regions that correspond to changes in patterns related to a mix of mutants in a plant, and trajectories in parameter space describing the lineage of patterns. (Supported by NIGMS grant R01 GM140092.)

Faktor yang Memengaruhi Niat Mengadopsi Jasa Fixed Broadband Pada Generasi Y & Z

This study analyzes various factors that influence the intention to adopt or re-subscribe to fixed broadband services in generations Y & Z through utilitarian outcomes, hedonic outcomes, relative advantages, service quality, primary influences, secondary influences, cost, facilitating conditions resources, self-efficacy, and marketing mix, understand the characteristics of respondents and formulate managerial implications to increase the intention to adopt fixed broadband in generations Y & Z. This study involved 100 respondents in Y & Z generations, over 16 years of age and able to influence the decision to adopt fixed broadband, through voluntary sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed online. The analysis in this study uses Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results indicates that utilitarian outcomes, hedonic outcomes, relative advantage, service quality, secondary influences, and marketing mix have a significant positive effect on fixed broadband intention, while cost has a significant negative effect fixed broadband intention. Primary influences, facilitating conditions resources and self-efficacy do not have a significant influence on fixed broadband intention. Managerial implications that can be done by fixed broadband providers to increase adoption intentions are to continuous innovation, updating & adopting new technology, improvement in service quality and increasing marketing activities on the internet. Keywords: fixed broadband intention, marketing mix, MATH model, Y & Z generation

Adoption of industry 4.0 evidence in emerging economy: Behavioral reasoning theory perspective

The manufacturing landscape is undergoing unprecedented change, focusing on incorporating digital technologies to maximize operational efficiency and profitability. Myriad potential benefits of adopting incumbent digital and advanced technologies are attracting the interest of entrepreneurs and practitioners across the world. Nonetheless, Industry 4.0 (I4.0) adoption needs rigorous efforts for effective implementation. In academic literature, the potential roadblocks of I4.0 have already been identified and analyzed. However, its adoption is not easy or straightforward; entrepreneurs are concerned about Industry 4.0 adoption. Stringent efforts from all stakeholders can make its adoption a success. The present research provides a holistic approach to analyzing behavioral patterns towards I4.0 adoption. Behavioral Reasoning Theory (BRT) is used to analyze behavioral intentions towards I4.0 adoption. The data of 215 respondents was collected from manufacturing industries. It is found that the construct Reasons For (RF) is positively related to attitude and intention, while Reasons Against (RA) did not show any significant relationship with intention. This research delivers insights to industrialists, entrepreneurs, management, and policymakers to analyze the behavioral patterns towards I4.0 adoption. The results indicate the full mediation of attitude between reasons against and intention. Also, full mediation of reasons against between value and attitude is examined.

Theory of Affirmative Reasoning: Practicing the Principles of Positive Thinking

Theory of Affirmative Reasoning: Practicing the Principles of Positive Thinking

Falsifying Falsificationist Legal Theory

A number of attempts have been made to conceptualise legal reasoning along falsificationist lines. This paper criticises a recent one by Bernhard Schlink. After familiarising the reader with falsificationism, I argue that falsificationism is premised on an epistemological asymmetry between singular observation statements and universal hypotheses, and that absent such an asymmetry in the context of statutory interpretation, framing jurisprudence in falsificationist terms is unwarranted and misleading. To get off the ground, legal falsificationism would need to combine with some kind of broadly intuitionist moral cognitivism, but even then, it would still misrepresent what is going on in legal reasoning. The arguments in this paper apply mutatis mutandis to all falsificationist theories of legal and ethical reasoning. I point to some by Albert, Canaris and Larenz.

Asceticism of the Mind: Forms of Attention and Self-Transformation in Late Antique Monasticism

Asceticism of the Mind: Forms of Attention and Self-Transformation in Late Antique Monasticism

Intelligent health management based on analysis of big data collected by wearable smart watch

Some problems still exist in health management and application such as insufficient data, limited technology, and lack of professional evaluation methods by physicians with medical theory. In this study, an intelligent method is based on an analysis of physiological big data collected by wearable smartwatches. Firstly, physiological data such as pulse, heart rate, and blood oxygen were collected continuously from individuals by wearing smartwatches, and the data was digitally transmitted. Secondly, the transmitted data was sent to a health management platform by Narrow Band Internet of Things. Analyzing the data, physicians evaluated individual situations via an intelligent math model. Finally, the results were fed back to individuals through a smartphone APP to finish a medical diagnosis, disease prediction, or warning. The intelligent health management method and technology created via years of studies have been verified and will provide a new and effective strategy for health management.