Hermeneutics Research Articles

Marginalization of Women Short story "INEM" by Pramodya Ananta Toer (Research on Feminism)

This article discusses the form of female exclusion in the short story Inem. By Pramoedya Ananta Toer. This article is a descriptive qualitative study. Data the source for this study is the short story "Inem" by Pramoedia Ananta Toer. The data for this study consisted of sentences, paragraphs, excerpts of conversations, and discourse describing forms of alienation. Data analysis techniques used this study is an essential technique. The research results are the exclusion of women affects not only society and culture,family, and even country. Finally, in a nutshell, the marginalization of women stories "Inem" Pramoedya Ananta Toer's work is not only born out of poverty and poverty. ignorant of his rights, but ignorant of the dominant role of patriarchal conventions and customs religious interpretation.

Конфликт интерпретаций текста как следствие когнитивного диссонанса участников интернет-обсуждений

Latent cognitive dissonance in Internet disputers manifests itself as a conflict of text interpretations. This cognitive interpretation process of pre-textual cognitive dissonance often results in aggressive comments. The author analyzed interpretive Internet texts (comments) to reveal the cognitive patterns and prove the effect of pre-textual, i.e., cognitive, dissonance on the language and content of Internet comments. Addressee's external interpretive activity, represented in the text, is determined by internal cognitive processes, i.e., pre-textual presumptions and expectations. The study was based on the article entitled The people are multiplying "on earth", which was posted on a Runet information network resource on January 30, 2023. The article, which featured national demographic problems and possible solutions, yielded 189 comments that clearly illustrated the mechanism of conflict of interpretations. The methods of content and intent analyses revealed two cognitive patterns: the first one correlated with the intentional content of the trigger-text whereas the second pattern did not. Both patterns covered a number of cognitive models. The original text, subjectively interpreted by the addressee, triggered a wide range of comments that followed various cognitive patterns. As a result, the discussion unfolded as a conflict scenario, i.e., a struggle of attitudes and opinions, determined by the pre-textual cognitive dissonance of the disputers.

HISTORICAL INTERPRETATION OF LEGAL NORMS IN THE MODERN PERIOD OF SYSTEMATIC AXIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION

The aim of the article is a theoretical and legal analysis of the historical interpretation of law in the context of doctrinal views, its justification and comparison with other theories. Achieving this goal involves: establishing the methodological value of the historical interpretation of law; show the need to follow a historical approach to the interpretation of law. The novelty of the article is to substantiate the practical value of the historical interpretation of law in the modern period of systemic axiological transformation and development of digital technologies. It is proposed to use the historical method of interpretation of legal norms in connection with digitized access to historical sources of law, in particular to the catalog and content of legal principles that were developed in different periods and continue to be the foundation of modern legal systems. The interpretive process gives the judge broad discretion. Voltaire's fear would find expression in the judicial environment if the methods of interpretation of legal norms were weak, applied subjectively or simply exploited in order to achieve the desired goal. Then there would be a real possibility that in some cases the courts would usurp the functions of the legislature and call into question their own legitimacy. Only an accurate interpretation of the text of the law and its implementation in accordance with the intention and purpose of the legislator can regulate social relations and contribute to the development of society and the state. The analysis of the theory of historical interpretation of legal norms shows that the historical- critical analysis of law is interdisciplinary and relies on the growing amount of scientific literature as an approach to teaching and learning. It has been argued that historical approaches to the interpretation of legal norms are useful and effective for studying the relationship between internal and external contextuality in legal research. It is proved that due to the historical reconstruction of the genesis of the rule of law it is possible to explain the main factors, which probably explain the technical and legal features of legal interpretation. The formation of the rule of law in some way depends on socio-economic, political, cultural changes in society at a certain stage of its historical development. Which, in the end, affects our understanding of law and its epistemological consequences. Thus, for an adequate explication of the concept of legal technique of interpretation of legal norms, a relevant conceptual scheme that takes into account its characteristics is required.

A Socialist Analysis of the Mutual Aid Solidarity During the #EndSARS Protest in Multi-Religious Nigeria.

This study describes the results of a social analysis of mutual aid solidarity during Nigeria's #EndSARSprotests against Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) brutality in Nigeria. The results reveal that the protests achieved success with the assistance of mutual aid solidarity networks. Yet there is a dearth of literature exploring the reasons for this accomplishment. Nigeria is a country where everything done usually has a religious coloration and interpretation; however, the 2020 mutual aid solidarity in the #EndSARS protests proved otherwise. Using in-depth interviews, data were elicited from 20 youths, including participants and observers during the #EndSARS mutual aid solidarity protests. Using a phenomenological approach, this study found that the mutual aid support group transcended traditional geopolitical, gender, and religious barriers, and youth and the elderly participated in the protest. Further results show that the 2020 #End-SARS mutual aid solidarity brought about an accountable and transparent civil society, including the financial disbanding of the Nigerian Police Force, the SARS unit responsible for extrajudicial killings. The findings also indicate that Nigerian politicians are the real problem, not religion. Recommendations are discussed.

Struggling to Restore Oneself as a Unique Human Being: Dignity in Older Hospital Patients—A Hermeneutic Study

This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of what dignity is for older people cared for in a hospital. Old age is one stage in life where dignity might be threatened during hospitalization. This study is rooted in the theoretical perspective of caring and caring science. The overall methodology is the hermeneutical philosophy of understanding as outlined by Hans-Georg Gadamer. The interpretation revealed the patients’ struggle between death and life, and the struggle between being dignified and being violated. Being old and hospitalized entail a struggle in standing on one’s dignity.

Unvaccinated, Just Like Everybody Else. Vaccine Hesitancy in a Romanian Religious Community

Abstract Vaccine hesitancy was a widespread phenomenon during the COVID-19 pandemic. It held back large-scale immunization in countries where vaccines were available and it aggravated the pandemic. The way we understand vaccine hesitancy in postmodern societies emphasizes individual risks, reflexivity, and patients making informed decisions. But how is vaccine hesitancy experienced in traditional communities? We explored answers to this question through ethnographic interviews conducted in the least vaccinated village in Romania. In this Pentecostal community, vaccination decisions were made at the community level, where an informal norm of vaccine refusal was dominant. This norm emerged through two types of interactions – local and mediated interactions – as collective discussions were centred on religious interpretations of Biblical fragments and on information from TV shows and social media about the adverse effects of vaccines. People formed symbolic alliances with influential actors in their community who were unvaccinated, such as the mayor and the pastor, and with citizens from Western European countries who also refused COVID-19 vaccination. Mainstream fears of vaccination were expressed during the interviews, concerning paralysis and death resulting from vaccination and mistrust in official authorities. Vaccination accentuated pre-existing differences in status, demarcating people with a high level of education working at the village hall, who were vaccinated, from those with a lower socio-economic status, who were not vaccinated.

DUALISME IDEOLOGI DALAM IDENTITAS SPIRITUAL KOMUNITAS BHUJANGGA DI BALI

This paper presents a critical study of ideological aspects of identity in the spirituality of society as reflected through phenomena in the realm of the Bhujangga community in Bali. In this case, the spiritual identity of the community identifies a dualism related to the legitimacy of the Vaishnava ideology through the formal institutional authority of kinship, which tends to be contradictory to the inheritance of a number of Siwaistic markers such as being verified and affiliated with the Bhujangga ideology. In line with this phenomenon, this study focuses on a discussion of constructivity and correlativity related to ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community. This study was conducted through descriptive and interpretive methods based on a number of concepts from the semiotic theory of cultural interpretation by Geertz and critical discourse theory by Foucault. The results of this study indicate that the constructivity of ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community is related to (1) cognitive identity and (2) collective identity. Meanwhile, the correlativity of ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community is related to (1) the domination of the Vaishnava ideology and (2) the degradation of the Bhujangga ideology.Keyword: Vaishnava ideology, Bhujangga ideology, Bhujangga community

Abdullah Saeed's Construction of the Hierarchy of Values in the Qur’ān: A Philosophical Hermeneutic Perspective

This study aims to elaborate Abdullah Saeed's hierarchy of values construction. The hierarchy of values is one of the most significant elements in Abdullah Saeed's contextual approach. This concept defines the basic requirements for contextual interpretation of the Qur’ān in a global-unrestricted and limited restricted context. In this way, interpreters can identify the level of urgency, complexity, and ambiguity of values in the verses of the Qur’ān. This study deploys a qualitative research method, with Abdullah Saeed's works as the main reference point, especially the one entitled as Interpreting the Qur’ān: Towards a Contemporary Approach and Reading the Qur’ān in the Twenty-First Century: A Contextualist Approach. Abdullah Saeed's hierarchy of values construction is then analyzed using philosophical hermeneutics by Hans-Georg Gadamer. The findings of this study, namely Abdullah Saeed's construction of a hierarchy of values cannot be separated from the Australian social and cultural context, which encouraged Saeed to understand Islam’s flexibly. Saeed formulates a value hierarchy into five categories, namely obligatory values, fundamental values, protective values, implementational values, and instructional values. Basically, the value hierarchy put forth is little more than a synthesis of various concepts initiated by early Muslim scholars such as Umar bin Khattab and medieval scholars such as al-Thufi, Ghazali, 'Izz al-Din bin 'Abd al-Salam, al- Shatibi, and Fazlur Rahman.

For a Negative Hermeneutics: Adorno, Gadamer and Critical Consciousness

The present social-historical moment is marked by a sharp divide, a harrowing ‘communication breakdown’ between subject and object, between humanity and nature, between humanity and itself. This state of affairs pleads for the (re-)elaboration of a consciousness that resonates critically with the social, political and cultural realities of its time. This paper studies the lessons that can be drawn in this regard from the intersection between, on the one hand, Theodor W. Adorno’s ‘philosophical interpretation’ and his idea of an historically adequate consciousness, and, on the other, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s ‘philosophical hermeneutics’ and his conception of the historically effected consciousness. The paper opens with a concise reconstruction of Adorno’s ‘philosophical interpretation’ as a critical response to instrumental rationality that borrows insights from radical historicism. The focus then shifts to Gadamer’s ‘philosophical hermeneutics’ which is read as a similar type of protest against instrumental reason that privileges dialogical forms of enculturation. Finally, the paper closes with some suggestive yet inconclusive reflections on some important elements of convergence/divergence between the two thinkers, notably, their theorisations of immanent and transcended critique, the role they ascribe to tradition and language vis- à-vis experience, and the special place of ‘mimesis’ in it. Overall, the argument is made that a ‘negative hermeneutics’ may be what is needed to fashion new interpretations of the world, to foster alternative ways of thinking about and being in it, which, pace Marx, go hand in hand with its transformation – or, perhaps more aptly nowadays, the mere feat of sparing it.

The Transformation of the parable and Jemal Karchkhadze’s “He”

       The work analyzes the inner world of Jemal Karchkhadze's literary characters based on such important events as revenge and forgiveness with their religious and literary interpretations. Jemal Karchkhadze's theological and psychological observations are shown for the purpose of searching the human essence, to achieve the divine in order to discover the true purpose. The classic story of revenge and forgiveness can be considered Jemal Karchkhadze's story "He". At the level of extralinguistic context, this work is the main work of Jemal Karchkhadze - because the character of the story is the eternal hero of the Gospel stories, which includes himself all the dimensions of the universe. All the plate of the parallel language coexist in it simultaneously - the chronotype, epiphany at the beginning of the road and at the end of the road, all the anthropomorphism used in the text of the story indicates the conotactic meaning of the words and concentrates in the subtleties of the Gospel. He is the protagonist of the Gospel books, which is transformed in other writings of the writers and has different names. He has to solve one of the major moral tasks everywhere - whether he can create a great mystery of being a human, fulfill his will and choice - to forgive and to be elevated to the Divine. That is why it does not matter what name he is called, or not called any name. He is the son of all times, all the epochs. The idea of ​​his name is combined with the portrayal of Georgian national souls in the works "Zebulon", "Antonio and David", "Resident", "Dimension".   "He", as the central base parable, is transformed in almost every other work of Jemal Karchkhadze and embodies a single parable system that presents the depth dimension of the writer's creativity. This dimension, in its turn, serves the greatest mission of personal and moral perfection before the divine.

"He told me my pain was in my head": mitigating testimonial injustice through peer support.

Women with disabilities are exposed to sexism and ableism, earn less income, and work in exceptionally challenging conditions compared to women without disabilities and men with or without disabilities. Adolescent girls living with scoliosis may begin experiencing this compounding bias during their encounters with healthcare from the moment they start noticing differences in their bodies. Being significantly more likely than boys to progress to a curve angle where painful treatment such as bracing or spinal fusion surgery is required, adolescent girls living with scoliosis are therefore more likely to experience chronic pain. The long-term impact of pain and pain-related stigma includes lower educational attainments, decreased vocational functionality, and social impairments in adults after having experienced chronic pain in adolescence. In this article, the authors will explore the effects and mechanisms of gender-specific peer support in disrupting this trajectory to adverse outcomes. Through individual interviews consisting of open-ended questions, the researchers gathered narrative data from Curvy Girls members, a community-based peer support group for girls and young women living with scoliosis. The data was analyzed using an applied philosophical hermeneutics approach, with intersectionality and testimonial injustice as their framework. They found that the study participants had their pain narratives reinterpreted by the adults in their lives, including their parents and healthcare practitioners, leading them to question and doubt their own experiences. These negative outcomes were mitigated through the peer support they received and offered from Curvy Girls. Participants reported having gained confidence and a sense of belonging after they joined this group, allowing them to better cope with their condition more effectively in different facets of their lives.

Introducing Trace as an Embodied Approach to the Novel in English

ABSTRACT Trace is a versatile concept with a wide spectrum of applications beyond detective fiction. Indeed, trace offers a key for gauging novel reading experiences. The collected articles exemplify that the qualities of trace, as conceptualised by Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutical phenomenology, help to unfold the relation of embodiment and the novel. The essays examine the manner in which trace inside the novel cues readers to mimetic effects. In the light of the recent debates about critique and postcritique, the introduction elucidates the less well-known rootedness of Ricoeur’s theory of interpretation in the phenomenology of the lived body and locates the concept of trace therein.

The Application of Pragmatics into Interpretation A Theory-Driven Exploration

Pragmatics has a deep connection with translation and this study has summarized the previous research of pragmatics and interpretation. The study is divided into two parts: pragmatic theory-induced interpretation and pragmatic failures in interpretation. The first part further explains the application of adaptation theory in interpretation and the second part points out some typical pragmatic failures as well as the solutions of these problems. There are specific examples in the study to illustrate these theories and phenomena. At the end of this study, there are also some suggestions for interpreters to handle the relation between pragmatics and interpretation.

Called to Work: Developing a Framework for Understanding Spiritual Orientations Towards Work

Abstract This study examines how individuals understand spiritual calling to work. We draw on theoretic insights from Max Weber and Karl Marx to analyze 186 in-depth interviews with religious individuals in the United States. We argue that these classical frameworks can help us to better understand contemporary religious interpretations of calling in relationship to work. We propose a framework for categorizing ways of viewing work as a calling that consists of intrinsic/extrinsic meanings in work and goals that are proximal/distal to the workplace. While focusing primarily on Christian respondents, we note that some respondents from Jewish and Muslim traditions did not resonate directly with the term “calling” but had alternate ways of viewing their work that closely aligned with Christian conceptions of calling. We ultimately argue for the theoretical benefit of a Weberian conception of calling for contemporary understandings of how meaning is attached to work, but also highlight that seeing work as calling may be a double-edged sword because doing so may provide benefits to workers while simultaneously obscuring their own oppression.

New Horizons for the Individual Research Consultation: Critical Hermeneutics and Habermas’ Goal of Intersubjective Agreement

Critical hermeneutics is the theory of interpretation situated within an ethical trajectory that encourages an awareness of power differentials in communication. It emphasizes intersubjectivity, or that which is mutually agreed upon between two persons and has the potential to overcome the social injustices taking place within late-capitalism and infuse Individual Research Consultations (IRC) with mutually beneficial dialogue. As universities become more culturally diverse, librarians need to learn new ways to be inclusive and empower students to flourish as unique and individualized researchers. This article examines how Habermas' Intersubjective agreement attempts to end the isolation and warring of the structuralist and poststructuralist camps by taking the possibility of rational negotiation among responsible and autonomous individuals seriously. Habermas builds on Austin's speech act theory to develop the basic principles of common language and uses critical hermeneutics to expose mechanisms of control that inhibit intersubjective agreement. When librarians begin to embrace critical hermeneutics as a methodology for intersubjective agreement in the IRC, there exists a greater potential for librarians and users to come to a more robust level of satisfaction and accuracy in both source retrieval and in achieving the ALA's ethical goals for information literacy through a fusion of the modern and post-modern horizons.

THE PROBLEMS OF JÜRGEN HABERMAS’s DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY THEORY

Jürgen Habermas a German philosopher who adopts of Karl Marx’s thought in the social order. However, Habermas does not immediately accept of the raw Marx’s thought. Habermas with rationalism as the epistemology. The Critical Theory criticize the sciences positive as the science of economics, sociology, technology, psychology; and also philosophy. The sciences is not questioned the direction of the process of the community itself. In a critique of the ideology of Habermas through the role of basic ethics and adopt the Immanuel Kant’s thought. Habermas to a blurb about dialectical theory of hermeneutic action through Aufhebung (hermeneutics of philosophy and psychoanalysis). Habermas was critique to postmodernism that universal as hegemony and discriminative to getting a plural morality Habermas's critical theory is a kind of epistemology that seeks to mate between objectivity and subjectivity, between scientists and philosophers, between the ontentic and the articulate. Critical theory also tries to expose the traditional theory, because it positions the object as untouchable, as it is. So difficult to capture its meaning by humans. This makes the object seem very sacred and must be received unanimously. The democracy of Habermas is deliberative democracy. Deliberative democracy aims to find a middle ground between Western liberalism and Asian and Islamic communitism. This assumption is established in a democratic form in the form of an intensive political system and public sphere.

Jihad and Interpretation of Religious Texts on Female Terrorists in Indonesia

<p>The involvement of women in terrorism circles has led to the emergence of a brand-new terrorist map of the terrorism fight in Indonesia, where women had previously played a private role solely. Their involvement in public spaces in terrorism circles is closely associated with patriarchal culture and transformation in the concept of <em>hijrah </em>and <em>qital </em>as a means of <em>jihad</em>. This paper aims to explore the three domains of women's attempts at terror as a series of struggles; it includes defining women's weaknesses and disadvantages by patriarchal circles, using media to encourage women's emotional enthusiasm in the circle of terror, and interpreting <em>hijrah</em> and <em>qital</em> as justification for <em>jihad</em> movement which becomes a spirit for women to commit terrors. The data in this study came from observations, interviews with two female terrorists, one terrorist advisor, and one ex-convict, as well as the discourse of terror-related web publications. This study reveals that male terrorists exploit patriarchal culture to establish religious authority in their organizations. In addition, virtual media is highly effective in spreading propaganda for women’s involvement in the struggle domain for two reasons. First, it broadcasted by providing <em>fatwas</em> on the women’s consent to fight based on historical background. Second, it propagated by offering new religious interpretations of the terms <em>hijrah</em> and <em>qital</em> as <em>jihad</em> media tailored to the terrorist organizations’ missions and goals.</p>

Professorship in Biology about the good undergraduate student

The following paper aims to analyse the perceptions or images of a good university student and to identify the competences needed to be a good student, according to the implicit theories held by first and second year teachers of the University Teacher Training Course in Biology at the Faculty of Exact, Chemical and Natural Sciences of the National University of Misiones. The methodological approach of the research is mixed and of flexible design. The instruments used were the questionnaire and the interview. From the analysis of the data, it can be seen that the teachers consider that a good student should have transversal competences such as teamwork, autonomy and time organisation. They also mentioned study habits which would be related to causal and linear learning linked to direct and interpretative theory. For women and men, students possess instrumental and interpersonal transversal competences; men add systemic competences. The accompaniment strategies mentioned by the teachers coincide with their conception of learning.

UNDERSTANDING THE QURAN HOLISTICALLY: INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY OF THE LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS OF THE QURAN

This study aims to analyze the impact of the language used in the Quran on Islamic discourse, using qualitative research methods and content analysis of Quranic verses and scholarly literature. The study finds that the Quranic language's unique literary style and linguistic features contribute to its authority and persuasiveness, shaping Islamic discourse over time. Rhetorical devices, such as repetition and parallelism, add to the text's effectiveness. The study highlights the importance of understanding the Quranic language and its impact on Islamic theology, jurisprudence, and ethics, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research. By analyzing the linguistic and literary features of the Quran, scholars can gain a deeper understanding of the text's meaning and message and appreciate its continued relevance in contemporary times. This study contributes to the broader understanding of the role of language in shaping religious discourse and interpretation.

Cadar dan Tradisi Diskursif "Taat" bagi Perempuan Muslim Indonesia

Eva F. Nisa. 2023. Face-Veiled Women in Contemporary Indonesia. London and New York: RoutledgeMost studies of face-veiled Muslim women are placed in the stereotype discourse; a part of subordination or terrorist group affiliation. Many scholars also argue that those women’s bodies are exploited under the patriarchal structure and its religious interpretation with the dominant male’s perspective. Eva F. Nisa in this book has proposed a different perspective, employing ethnographic research and taking a case study of two women communities of Islamic revivalist backgrounds (Jamaah Tabligh and Salafi Movement) in Indonesia. Throughout developing from Saba Mahmood’s theory of the politic of piety mostly, Nisa found that the Islamic lifestyle is the firm argument among the cadari, in which they practice the term of taat, which is part of a discursive tradition in Islam, to strengthen their path in the true path of Islam.