Interface Theory Research Articles

Esse est percipi & verum factum est.

I go into the historical roots of the fundamental issues relating to the "interface theory of perception," concentrating on the sciences rather than on philosophy. The basic ideas have been around throughout historical time. In modern times--I concentrate on a period straddling 1900--they became perhaps "respectable," although interest has dwindled in the recent, post-World War II period. This has been due to an ill-conceived reliance on "physical reality" that has shaped the sciences and philosophy alike. An investigation of the historical development of these ideas serves to shed additional light on various topics treated in the target article (D.D.Hoffman, M.Singh and C.Prakash: The interface theory of perception (this issue)).

Reverse engineering the world: a commentary on Hoffman, Singh, and Prakash, "The interface theory of perception".

Does perception hide the truth? Information theory, computer science, and quantum theory all suggest that the answer is "yes." They suggest, indeed, that useful perception is only feasible because the truth can be hidden.

Parametrised Modal Interface Automata

Interface theories (ITs) enable us to analyse the compatibility interfaces and refine them while preserving their compatibility. However, most ITs are for finite state interfaces, whereas computing systems are often parametrised involving components, the number of which cannot be fixed. We present, to our knowledge, the first IT that allows us to specify a parametric number of interfaces. Moreover, we provide a fully algorithmic procedure, implemented in a tool, for checking the compatibility of and refinement between parametrised interfaces. Finally, we show that the restrictions of the technique are necessary; removing any of them renders the refinement checking problem undecidable.

Tunneling Current Induced Frequency Dispersion in the C-V Behavior of Ultra-Thin Oxide MOS Capacitors

Huge frequency dispersion appears in the capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristic of metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs) in depletion bias region especially when the oxide thickness is extremely small. The low frequency C-V curves have large capacitance value and behave as a peak at depletion bias. By using TCAD simulation, it was proven that the tunneling effect which is significant in thin oxide MOSCAPs plays an important role for the contribution of the frequency dispersion. The conventional theory of interface traps density is not the only cause of frequency dispersion. Consequently, extraction of interface traps density by the conventional high-low frequency method will introduce misleading error of interface property in ultra-thin oxide MOS devices.

The C/D Model as a Theory of the Phonetics-Phonology Interface( Adventures in Speech Science: Focus on the C/D Model and Its Impact on Phonetics & Phonology)

The C/D Model as a Theory of the Phonetics-Phonology Interface( Adventures in Speech Science: Focus on the C/D Model and Its Impact on Phonetics & Phonology)

Border crossings in language intercultural encounters at the crossroads of disciplines

This special issue brings together papers with a different focus and different outlooks: translation and cognitive processing, intercultural impoliteness, transnationals and impressions at work, intercultural parenting manuals, video games and localisation. All are concerned with intercultural communication, in its manifestations and impacts in different contexts. All are interdisciplinary in their approach, in their own distinctive ways. These are defining features of this special issue of Multilingua, as they are of the journal’s aims. The volume has two interrelated goals: to promote synergies between disciplines with an overriding interest in the cross-linguistic study of language and to stimulate the interplay between them through reciprocal interrogation of methodologies and findings. It is also mindful of the impact agenda now vigorously pursued in research in most contexts, and intent on capitalizing on the consequent drive to interface theory and practice. The volume’s main sites of interrogation and interaction are cross- and intercultural pragmatics and translation, with contributions at the junction of socio-cognitive and interactional pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, linguistic typology, discourse analysis, translation studies, cultural studies.

Two dimensional analysis for an adhesively bonded composite single-lap joint based on flexible interface theory

An improved two-dimensional model based on flexible interface theory is proposed for an adhesively bonded composite single-lap joint. In the modified model, the adherends are treated as a Timoshenko beam, and the adhesive layer is assumed to be an Euler–Bernoulli beam. The peel stress and shear stress across the adhesive thickness varied. Additionally, the zero shear stress condition at the free end of the adhesive layer was satisfied. Based on the displacement compatibility condition of a flexible interface, the governing differential equations for the internal forces are derived. The stress distributions of the adhesive layer can be obtained by solving the governing differential equations. A comparison of the results between the modified model, existing classical models, and finite element results indicate that the improved two-dimensional model can determine the stress distribution of the adhesive with high accuracy. Finally, the effects of the thickness ratio, Young’s modulus ratio, and interfacial compliance on the stress distribution of the adhesive are studied using the improved model.

Moving from interface theories to assembly theories

We show how interface theories supporting pairwise component analysis can be extended in a generic way to a multi-component environment. This leads to the abstract framework of an assembly theory which captures notions of assembly refinement and communication-safety in assemblies of interacting components. An assembly theory supports also encapsulation of assemblies into interfaces and hence hierarchical constructions. We propose general rules that should be satisfied by any concrete assembly theory, like compositional construction and refinement of communication-safe assemblies. We discuss general procedures how to construct an assembly theory on top of a given interface theory such that (some of) the laws of an assembly theory are automatically guaranteed by the properties of an underlying interface theory. As a proof of concept we consider two instances of our approach. The first one starts from the (optimistic) interface theory of interface automata proposed by de Alfaro and Henzinger, and the second one from the (pessimistic) interface theory of modal I/O-interfaces. In the latter case, we propose a new notion of modal assembly refinement which has all the required properties, in particular it preserves modal communication-safety of assemblies. A small case-study illustrates how our concepts can be methodologically applied.

From wetting to melting along grain boundaries using phase field and sharp interface methods

We investigate the ability of a multi-order parameter phase field model with obstacle potentials to describe grain boundary premelting in equilibrium situations. In agreement with an energetic picture we find that the transition between dry and wet grain boundaries at the bulk melting point is given by the threshold 2σsl=σgb, with σsl being the solid-melt interfacial energy and σgb the energy of a dry grain boundary. The predictions for premelting are confirmed by simulations using the phase field package OpenPhase. For the prediction of the kinetics of melting along grain boundaries in pure materials, taking into account the short ranged interactions which are responsible for the grain boundary premelting, a sharp interface theory is developed. It confirms that for overheated grain boundaries the melting velocity is reduced (increased) for non-wetting (wetting) grain boundaries. Numerical steady state predictions are in agreement with a fully analytical solution in a subset of the parameter space. Phase field simulations confirm the predictions of the sharp interface theory.

Visualize and Semantic Structure in Web Navigate Communication

 Abstract—When facing the overabundant of semantic web information, in this paper, the researcher proposes the hierarchical classification and visualizing RIA (Rich Internet Application) navigation system: Concept Map (CM) + Semantic Structure (SS) + the Knowledge on Demand (KOD) service. The aim of the Multimedia processing and empirical applications testing, was to investigating the utility and usability of this visualizing navigation strategy in web communication design, into whether it enables the user to retrieve and construct their personal knowledge or not. Furthermore, based on the segment markets theory in the Marketing model , to propose a User Interface (UI) This research is based on the Information Architecture design in Human Computer Interface (HCI) theory; and the Interactive; Sensorial design in User Interface (UI) theory, to explore the utility and usability of the CM + SS + KOD navigation system in the adaptive Web learning environment. Moreover, in the adoption of Knowledge Space Theory, Dietrich Albert (1997) (1) and Michael D. (2010) (2) points out: the knowledge space provides a formal model for representing students' knowledge and describing the structure of domain knowledge. In this researcher's opinion, the Concept Map (CM); Semantic Structure (SS) and Knowledge on Demand (KOD) navigation system, integrated the multimedia metadata with a self-navigating format. This adaptive navigation method not only enhances the information communication process, but also fosters the user's cognition construction.

Diffractive interface theory: nonlocal susceptibility approach to the optics of metasurfaces.

We present a formalism for understanding the electromagnetism of metasurfaces, optically thin composite films with engineered diffraction. The technique, diffractive interface theory (DIT), takes explicit advantage of the small optical thickness of a metasurface, eliminating the need for solving for light propagation inside the film and providing a direct link between the spatial profile of a metasurface and its diffractive properties. Predictions of DIT are compared with full-wave numerical solutions of Maxwell's equations, demonstrating DIT's validity and computational advantages for optically thin structures. Applications of the DIT range from understanding of fundamentals of light-matter interaction in metasurfaces to efficient analysis of generalized refraction to metasurface optimization.

Richer interface automata with optimistic and pessimistic compatibility

Modal transition systems are a popular semantic underpinning of interface theories, such as Nyman et al.'s IOMTS and Bauer et al.'s MIO, which facilitate component-based reasoning for concurrent systems. Our interface theory MIA repaired a compositional flaw of IOMTS-refinement and introduced a conjunction operator. In this paper, we first modify MIA to properly deal with internal computations including internal must-transitions, which were largely ignored already in IOMTS. We then study a MIA variant that adopts MIO's pessimistic--rather than IOMTS' optimistic--view on component compatibility and define, for the first-time in a pessimistic, non-deterministic setting, conjunction and disjunction on interfaces. For both the optimistic and pessimistic MIA variant, we also discuss mechanisms for extending alphabets when refining interfaces, which is a desired feature for perspective-based specification. We illustrate our advancements via a small example.

Theory of interface and anharmonic phonon interactions in nanocomposite materials

We present a theory of phonon scattering rates resulting from mass smudging across interfaces and from anharmonicity in nanocomposite materials. We discuss the derivation of the anharmonic scattering term and present some recently published results indicating that if certain models of interface mass-mixing are adopted, the cross-planar thermal conductivity of an ultra-thin superlattice system will decrease dramatically with the number of bilayers n until n ≈ 4, above which value it begins to increase with n.

Novel hold–release functionality in a P300 brain–computer interface

Assistive technology control interface theory describes interface activation and interface deactivation as distinct properties of any control interface. Separating control of activation and deactivation allows precise timing of the duration of the activation. Objective. We propose a novel P300 brain–computer interface (BCI) functionality with separate control of the initial activation and the deactivation (hold–release) of a selection. Approach. Using two different layouts and off-line analysis, we tested the accuracy with which subjects could (1) hold their selection and (2) quickly change between selections. Main results. Mean accuracy across all subjects for the hold–release algorithm was 85% with one hold–release classification and 100% with two hold–release classifications. Using a layout designed to lower perceptual errors, accuracy increased to a mean of 90% and the time subjects could hold a selection was 40% longer than with the standard layout. Hold–release functionality provides improved response time (6–16 times faster) over the initial P300 BCI selection by allowing the BCI to make hold–release decisions from very few flashes instead of after multiple sequences of flashes. Significance. For the BCI user, hold–release functionality allows for faster, more continuous control with a P300 BCI, creating new options for BCI applications.

High-Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mortar Using Surface and Interface Theory

AbstractThrough contact angle test, the contact angles of mineral powder and asphalt were obtained; Using contact angle measurements, the surface energy parameters of the mineral powder and asphalt were calculated; Work of adhesion of the asphalt mortar with different mineral powder diameters and different mineral powder–bitumen ratios and was calculated according to surface and interface theory. The high temperature performance parameters of asphalt mortar were tested by means of the softening point and dynamic-shear-rheometer (DSR) test. The analysis results indicate that variations of the contact angles of asphalt with the changes of asphalt type is much less than that of the contact angle of mineral powder with the changes in the filler diameter. The contact angle of mineral powder increases when the diameter of mineral powder decreases and the surface tension increases. Using the same mineral powder bitumen ratio mortar, the work of adhesion decreases with decreasing filler diameter, but the specific...

Higher order model for soft and hard elastic interfaces

The present paper deals with the derivation of a higher order theory of interface models. In particular, it is studied the problem of two bodies joined by an adhesive interphase for which “soft” and “hard” linear elastic constitutive laws are considered. For the adhesive, interface models are determined by using two different methods. The first method is based on the matched asymptotic expansion technique, which adopts the strong formulation of classical continuum mechanics equations (compatibility, constitutive and equilibrium equations). The second method adopts a suitable variational (weak) formulation, based on the minimization of the potential energy. First and higher order interface models are derived for soft and hard adhesives. In particular, it is shown that the two approaches, strong and weak formulations, lead to the same asymptotic equations governing the limit behavior of the adhesive as its thickness vanishes. The governing equations derived at zero order are then put in comparison with the ones accounting for the first order of the asymptotic expansion, thus remarking the influence of the higher order terms and of the higher order derivatives on the interface response. Moreover, it is shown how the elastic properties of the adhesive enter the higher order terms. The effects taken into account by the latter ones could play an important role in the nonlinear response of the interface, herein not investigated. Finally, two simple applications are developed in order to illustrate the differences among the interface theories at the different orders.

Book review: Jason Farman, Mobile interface theory: Embodied space and locative media and Adriana de Souza e Silva and Jordan Frith, Mobile interfaces in public spaces: Locational privacy, control, and urban sociability

Book review: Jason Farman, <i>Mobile interface theory: Embodied space and locative media</i> and Adriana de Souza e Silva and Jordan Frith, <i>Mobile interfaces in public spaces: Locational privacy, control, and urban sociability</i>

Rethinking Majors in Australian Indigenous Studies

The challenges of finding more productive ways of teaching and learning in Australian Indigenous Studies have been a key focal point for the Australian Indigenous Studies Learning and Teaching Network. This article contributes to this discussion by drawing attention to new possibilities for teaching and learning practices amid the priority being given to the more practice-oriented educational approaches for future professionals and the cultural competencies of all students and staff. We explore courses sequenced as Indigenous Studies Majors and discuss two different conceptualisations for framing teaching and learning in Indigenous Studies courses — decolonising theory and cultural interface theory — and the implications for some of the teaching and learning practices they facilitate, including the positioning of students and the development of dispositions for future professional practice. We suggest that those academic teams who structure course sequences in Indigenous Studies have a role to play in experimenting with shifts in teaching and learning frameworks and the design of course sequences to encourage approaches that are more focused on developing students’ breadth and depth of knowledge of the field, as well as their capacities for deeper engagements with Indigenous thought and the scholarly disciplines.

Lattice Boltzmann model for thermal behavior of a droplet on the solid surface

In this work, a thermal lattice Boltzmann model is applied to simulate thermal behavior of a droplet on the solid surface. For this reason Lee's model which uses the Cahn–Hilliard diffuse interface theory, is utilized to capture the droplet interface. Also contact angle between solid, liquid and gas phases has been considered in simulations. To take into account the thermal effects, passive scalar model is conjugated with the Lee's method. Since in this model the solution of temperature distribution is independent of flow field, application of the Boussinesq approximation couples the energy and momentum equations. Numerical results for two thermal boundary conditions; constant wall temperature and constant heat flux on the wall, are presented and results have been compared with previous numerical results. Results show that by increasing the Prandtl number ratio between droplet and its surrounding, thermal diffusion within the droplet will be delayed and this causes reduction in the droplet average temperature. Also it was shown that the wall heat flux is concentrated around the droplet, while that in the gas phase is negligible.

Research on Interface Management between Owner and Design Unit

Design activities occupy the dominant position in the construction engineering, it have an important impact on investment, quality and schedule objectives of construction.But in the design stage, many problems exist in the interface between the owner and the design unit, that brings great latent danger for the smooth implementation of the project.Whether interface management is effective determines the success or failure of the project. Make the interface between owner and design unit as the object,this paper presents methods of coordination center based on the the theory of interface management.The method can be used to manage the interface between owner and design unit effectively.