Interaction Theory Research Articles

Ghost-gluon vertex in the presence of the Gribov horizon: General kinematics

Correlation functions are important probes for the behavior of quantum field theories. Already at tree-level, the refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) effective action for Yang-Mills theories provides a good approximation for the gluon propagator, as compared to that calculated by nonperturbative methods such as lattice field theory and Dyson-Schwinger equations. However, the study of higher correlation functions of the RGZ theory is still at its beginning. In this work we evaluate the ghost-gluon vertex function in Landau gauge at one-loop level, in d=4 space-time dimensions for the gauge groups SU(2) and SU(3). More precisely, we extend the analysis conducted in [1] for the soft-gluon limit to an arbitrary kinematic configuration. We introduce renormalization group effects by means of a toy model for the running coupling and investigate the impact of such a model in the ultraviolet tails of our results. We find that RGZ results match fairly closely those from lattice simulations, Schwinger-Dyson equations and the Curci-Ferrari model for three different kinematic configurations. This is compatible with RGZ being a feasible theory for the strong interaction in the infrared regime. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Exchange coupling in (Co/Pt)2/Nb/(Pt/Co)2 multilayers induced by the Yu–Shiba–Rusinov bound states

The Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) theory of oscillatory exchange interaction in synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayers results in the oscillation behavior of giant magnetoresistance ratio. In addition, the formation of Yu–Shiba–Rusinov (YSR) bound states will induce an extra antiferromagnetic interaction, which is expected to mediate stronger exchange coupling than conventional RKKY interaction. However, the YSR bound states have only been studied in some superconducting hosts with magnetic impurities. The narrow range of material systems that are not compatible with the device integration architecture limits the practical application of YSR interaction. Here, we observe the RKKY interaction and provide the evidence for YSR interaction in Pt/(Co/Pt)2/Nb/(Pt/Co)2/Pt synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayers by quantitatively determining the coupling energy via ferromagnetic resonance technique.

Media and crime - forms of interaction and basic theories

Media and crime - forms of interaction and basic theories

Synergizing social sustainability and technological innovation for carbon neutrality in OECD economies

AbstractEconomies around the globe are pushing toward a society's sustainability perspectives and upgradation in technology to protect the environment from global warming and the depletion of energy supplies. This shift in perception is primarily intended to alter people's attitudes toward posterity. By integrating the theories of interactions between social and ecological systems and the environment Kuznets curve (EKC) framework, this study explores the impact of nonrenewable energy consumption, social sustainability, and technological innovation on CO₂ emissions across the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) countries from 2001 through 2020. Based on the estimates of FMOLS, PARDL, and QARDL, the 10‐year CO2 emissions and gross domestic product projections are traced using the average growth rate for each country and an average value of independent variables. The findings of this study highlight the detrimental effect of nonrenewable energy consumption on CO₂ emissions, underscoring the urgency for sustainable energy alternatives. However, the positive role of social sustainability and technological innovation in curbing CO₂ emissions within OECD countries is equally significant. Accentuating the importance of social sustainability within this context, the study sheds light on the integral role that societal factors, such as education, public awareness, and social well‐being, play a substantial role in shaping sustainable practices. It is found that Brazil, China, Malaysia, Russia, South Africa, and Thailand need to focus on higher economic growth to experience decarbonizing economic growth.

Harmonizing Political and Marketing Aesthetics: Insights from The Chess Olympiad 2022

This article explores how the Government of Tamil Nadu, India, utilised strategic mass communication methods that emerged from a fusion of political and marketing strategies to create an aesthetic approach that elevated Chess Olympiad 2022, an event typically less in the public eye, into a spectacle that captured widespread attention by focusing on the event’s impact on their cultural identity and the subsequent construction of a narrative of global cultural leadership. The marketing strategy of the Government of Tamil Nadu, India may be considered an aesthetic application of the theory of symbolic interactionism, as it employed literary, musical arts and visual arts across Chennai, that ensured active engagement of individuals in the city with the government's aesthetic representations. These visual representations acted as symbolic cues, inviting interaction and sparking the curiosity of the the whole host city, the Government of Tamil Nadu, India succeeded in turning Chess into a spectator sport, and by doing so, forged a key place in the national identity for Chess by building a narrative of collective linguistic and cultural identity. Since all citizens do not have an expert level knowledge on government policies, the media narrative that is built around any government policy determines its perceived success. The media narrative of Chess Olympiad 2022 was the narrative of India emerging as a global leader in cultural diplomacy - a soft power approach that is shaped by aesthetics. In dissecting the intricate interplay between mass communication, aesthetics, and societal identity formation, this study elucidates the transformative role of these strategies during the Chess Olympiad 2022, highlighting their profound implications within the socio-cultural landscape.

Brushstrokes of Thoughts and Perceptions in Science Learning

According to J. Epstein’s (2022) Theory of Overlapping Spheres of Influence, three influential spheres are symbiotic and overlap: school, family, and community. Social networks and social capital are rendered through the implementation of cooperative, interactive partnerships among families, educators, and communities when they are centered on children's growth and development. Additionally, L. S. Vygotsky’s (1978) Theory of Cognitive Development asserts social interaction between learners is central to learners developing understanding, as concepts are first formed on the social level followed by the individual level. This qualitative research study examined the thoughts, perceptions, and acuities of students, parents, and teachers as they partnered during high school science inquiry investigations and their perceptions regarding social interactions and cognition. This qualitative phenomenological study examined the development of social skills in students and influencing factors in motivating students to take ownership of the learning. This study also examined the assimilation and accommodation of cognition in study participants’ perspectives as they engaged in scientific, experiential learning with implications for Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STEAM) teaching and learning.

Study on the Influence of Family of Origin on the Mental Health of Vocational College Students

This paper aims to explore the psychological impact of family of origin on vocational college students. Studying vocational college students revealed how factors such as family of origin environment, and education mode affect their psychological development, personality formation, and academic and career choices. This study found that the economic conditions of the native family, the educational level of parents, the family environment, and other factors have a significant impact on the psychological development of vocational students. Finally, based on Bandura’s three-way interaction theory, the paper puts forward some suggestions on improving the family environment and optimizing family education and students’ self-growth, so as to promote the mental health and all-round development of vocational students.

The interaction between the anchor and customers in live-streaming E-commerce

PurposeLive-streaming e-commerce is becoming a new way for many consumers to shop. During the live broadcast process, the interaction between anchors and customers plays a decisive role on consumers' purchasing decisions. This study aims to explore how two types of interaction between the anchor and the customers (i.e. task-oriented interaction and relationship-oriented interaction) affect customers' purchase decisions.Design/methodology/approachThe study establishes a model based on online trust theory and multi-sensor interaction theory. To validate the model, we carried out five simulated live-streaming events and collected data through a scenario-based survey of the viewers participating in the live-streaming (N = 244). Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypotheses.FindingsBoth task-oriented interaction and relationship-oriented interaction have a positive impact on users' purchase decisions through the mediation of virtual touch, emotional trust and cognitive trust. Sense of power has opposite moderating effects on the impacts of relationship-oriented interaction on emotional trust and cognitive trust.Originality/valueThis study enriches the theory of live-streaming e-commerce by demonstrating the decisive roles of two types of anchor–customer interaction, the mediation roles of virtual touch, cognitive trust, and emotional trust in customer purchase decisions, as well as the moderating effect of sense of power on customer decision-making processes. The findings provide practical insights for anchors and live-streaming platforms about how they should arrange live-streaming content to enhance consumer purchasing decisions.

Norm entrepreneurship and legal frameworks against corruption: human rights perspectives in international law

ABSTRACT The study of corruption as a violation of human rights has been growing since the adoption of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003, as exemplified by the adoption of the United Nations General Assembly political declaration regarding commitment to effectively prevent and combat corruption in 2021. Corruption has devastating impacts on human rights, but it has not yet been legally established as a violation of human rights. The current scholarship on corruption as a violation of human rights is heavily dominated by legal research; therefore, the state-of-the-art of this article is the combination of international relations and legal theory. This article analyses the work of the norm entrepreneur in transforming corruption as a violation of human rights from an emerging norm into a legal norm. The concept of international norm dynamics is utilized to assess the stage of norm development. Interactional legal theory is used as a guide to suggest that the norm entrepreneur focuses on the subsequent norm entrepreneurship based on the standard of legality. This article argues that the transformation of an emerging norm into a legal norm is possible; however, its feasibility depends on the continuous work of the norm entrepreneur to fulfil the standard of legality.

Making robots matter in dementia care: Conceptualising the triadic interaction between caregiver, resident and robot animal.

While previous research studies have focused on either caregivers' or residents' perception and use of social robots, this article offers an empirical and theoretical examination of joint activities in triadic human-robot interaction. The symptomatology of dementia creates an asymmetrical relation wherein the impetus to employ a robot often originates from the caregiver. Drawing on field work and video recorded interactions in dementia care homes, the article investigates how caregivers draw on embodied resources to involve residents and robot animals in interaction. The analysis demonstrates how caregivers promote commitment and encounter resistance with residents. We draw on the theory of sociomaterial interactionism to study situated interaction between bodies in a meaning-generating process. By re-conceptualising the theoretical notions of manipulation and recruitment, the article offers an approach for studying orientations that distinguish between reciprocity of agential objects. We show that caregivers usually distinguish between interactions with people and machines by anticipating a specific response from the robots (manipulation), while they invite participation in a broader sense from residents (recruitment). Social friction arises, however, if caregivers act upon the residents as embodied objects in manipulative ways.

Analysis of the Use of Social Media as a Promotional Tool to Attract Tourists in the Village of Belitar Sebarang

The study aims to analyze the use of social media as a promotional tool to attract tourists to visit Belitar Seberang Village, Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu. Researchers use a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques of interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Informants were selected through purposive sampling techniques with informant criteria, namely Seberang Village tourism managers, tourism village social media managers, and Seberang Village tour visitors. The data was analyzed using the Miles and Huberman technique. Then the results of the study were analyzed using Herbert Blumer Symbolic Interactionism Theory. The results showed that promotions were carried out on several social media platforms such as Instagram with the account name @desawisatabelitarseberang whose number of followers was 4,065 with several posts 216. Then Facebook Desa Wisata Belitar Seberang which has 835 followers, YouTube channel Desa Wisata Belitar Seberang with 223 subscribers, and Twitter @belirang which only has 4 followers. When viewed from the content uploaded, the number of posts per month is 4 to 5 content and with the number of likes that are also more than other platforms, reaching more than 25 likes per content. All data is taken as of October 16, 2023. Based on these data, it can be seen that Instagram is the platform with the most followers or followers. This means that Instagram is the most effective platform for promoting Sabrang Village tourism to attract tourists.

The robot saw it coming: physical human interference, deservingness, and self-efficacy in service robot failures

ABSTRACT Robotic services’ popularity continues to increase due to technological advancements, labour shortages, and global crises. Yet, while providing these services, robots are subject to occasional physical interruption by humans to them, thus restricting their functioning and, at times, leading to failure. To investigate this issue, the present study examined the role of third-party human interference in service robot failures and its effects on the observers’ attitudes towards and willingness to engage with the robot. We manipulated human interference resulting in different robotic service failures in two online scenario-based experiments. The results revealed that individuals held less favourable attitudes towards a failed service robot without (vs. with) physical human interference, and they were less willing to engage with the failed service robot without (vs. with) physical human interference. The perceived deservingness of the robot accounted for this effect, moderated by the person’s self-efficacy regarding robots. The results are discussed with their implications for not only the theory of service failures and human-service robot interactions but also for robotic service providers.

Ethical decision-making: an interactive model of organizations’ ethics systems and decision-makers’ financial situation

Purpose This study aims to investigate the influence of two perceived organizational ethics systems (perceived ethics training quality and integrity-based climate) on the ethical decision-making (EDM) of tax accountants in Ghana. The study also examines the moderating role of the decision-makers’ financial situation on the quality ethics training–EDM relationship. Design/methodology/approach Survey data from 356 tax accountants were analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique. Findings The results show that the two ethics systems influence EDM, but their extent of influence varies across the stages of EDM. Specifically, quality ethics training is a better predictor of EDM at the ethical issue recognition stage, whereas integrity-based climate is a better predictor of EDM at the ethical intention stage. The study also found that decision-makers’ financial situation predicts the ethical recognition stage of EDM but does not moderate the quality ethics training–EDM relationship. Practical implications This study recommends the concurrent deployment of quality ethics training and an integrity-based work climate to improve ethical behavior. Policymakers should also emphasize a work climate that promotes honesty, conscientiousness and ethical principles (integrity-based climate) to improve ethical intentions. Originality/value This study applied the interactionist theory by capturing the relative effects of two organizational ethics systems and an individual-level situational factor in a single model. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that tests the moderation effect of decision-makers’ financial situation on the ethics training–EDM relationship in a developing country context.

The Code Analysis of ‘Post-Apocalyptic Era’ Movies: Take Mad Max: Fury Road as an Example

In the 88th Academy Awards, directed by George Miller, a "wasteland" theme film "Mad Max 4: Fury Road" is the world's most recognized female theme film. 50% of film history is one of the films in the explosive stage. After it won the Oscar six awards, it has become a "wasteland" theme film's new benchmark. Through semiotics and the Bible, this paper deconstructs the image codes in movies. Based on the symbolic interactionism theory, this paper analyses the character behaviour, identity construction and prop application in the Christian symbol system and combs and deconstructs it, trying to explore the symbolic metaphors in movies and reflect on the artistic value and ideological connotation contained in movies.

Human or Not?: An Experiment With Chatbot Manipulations to Test Machine Heuristics and Political Self-Concepts

Chatbots have a growing role to play in political discourse, including in political campaigns, voter mobilization ventures, and dissemination of political news, though chatbots in the political domain are relatively understudied. While testing the machine heuristics and political self-concepts frameworks, we carried out a 2 × 2 experiment where both perceived conversational partner (i.e., bot, human) and topic (i.e., political, casual) were manipulated ( N = 126). During the experiment, participants exchanged chat messages with trained research confederates for 30 min. In support of the machine heuristics and political self-concepts frameworks, participants assigned to human partners reported more positive relationships and higher political interest. Through moderation analysis, liking the partner was found to differ between the perceived partner conditions, with perceived political knowledge varying more in the human conditions. Thus, the experimental findings add nuance to interpersonal (i.e., impression management and social identity theory) and human-computer interaction theories (i.e., machine heuristics and Computers Are Social Actors), and have broader implications for online political interactions and for decisionmakers of online political discourse spaces.

ChatGPT in higher education: factors influencing ChatGPT user satisfaction and continued use intention

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, represented by ChatGPT, have shown significant improvement in natural learning and problem analysis and solving, which could trigger a profound change in the education sector and have a far-reaching impact on educational practices. This study aimed to gain insights into the various impacts on users’ experience when using the AI tool ChatGPT in higher education. The study analyzed questionnaire data from 328 college students who used ChatGPT. Employing structural equation modeling, this study examined the technology acceptance model in the higher educational setting to identify factors influencing continued use of ChatGPT. The results show that ChatGPT’s compatibility positively affected users’ perceived ease of use and that efficiency positively affected perceived usefulness. Furthermore, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness were identified as core factors affecting users’ satisfaction and continued use intentions, with user satisfaction showing a significant positive effect on continued use intention. The findings not only provide new perspectives on human–computer interaction theory in higher education but also further refine the functions of current smart devices. This study will help to promote the continued progress and improvement of educational technology, while also deepening understanding of the relationship between attitude and behavior.

Mentor or partner: Matching effect of para-social interaction and product type on purchase intention in live-streaming commerce

Live-streaming commerce differs from traditional e-commerce by bringing consumers and sellers closer together, enhancing the perception of para-social interaction through real-time interactivity. Based on para-social interaction theory, this study proposed two types of para-social interaction: mentor-oriented and partner-oriented. And explored the impact of para-social interaction and product type on purchase intention, mediated by trust. Additionally, this research examined the moderating influence of individual construal level, in combination with the construal level theory. The results of three scenario experiments showed that mentor-oriented para-social interaction promotes purchase intention more than partner-oriented para-social interaction when purchasing utilitarian products. However, partner-oriented para-social interaction promotes purchase intention more than mentor-oriented para-social interaction in the purchase decision of hedonic products. In addition, the construal level moderates the matching impact of para-social interaction and products type on purchase intention. Studying from para-social interaction type perspective, this paper provided insights into the research of consumption behavior in the field of live-streaming commerce and marketing.

A Goffmanian analysis of impact of unclear professional identity and role negotiation of pharmacists in primary care: A multiple case study

BackgroundProfessional identity and its development is a focus of research, education, and practice. But, there is a lack of how professional identity impacts changes in pharmacists’ roles in practice, which are particularly prevalent in primary care teams. ObjectivesThis research uses Goffmanian theory, micro-sociologic interactional theory, to describe the outcomes of role negotiation in integrated primary care teams. MethodsThis is a multiple case study done per Yin, which used interviews and documents to collect data. Interviews used a storytelling format to gather information on the pharmacist's role and negotiation with their team. Four to six interviews were done in each case. Data was analyzed in an iterative manner using the Qualitative approach by Leuven including narrative reports being created for each case. ResultsFive cases were recruited but three cases were completed. In each case, the pharmacist was passive in role negotiation and allowed other actors to decide what tasks were of value. Likely this passivity was due to their professional identities: supportive and “not a physician”. These identities led to a focus on the pharmacists' need to develop. This multi-case study demonstrated that pharmacists’ professional identity led to passivity being valued and expected. Whether pharmacists self-limited, which has been previously seen, needs to be better defined. But unclear archetypes reduced tasks identified as unique to the pharmacist. ConclusionGoffmanian theory highlighted a key success for future pharmacist role negotiation, a clear professional identity by both pharmacists and society, including team members. Until that occurs, there is a risk of underuse in primary care team settings.

Indicative significance of the interfacial interactions between pore surface and soluble organic matter on the shale oil mobility

The exploration and exploitation of shale oil resources enhance the necessity to characterize the mobility of the occluded oil in shales. Up to now, the understanding of the controlling factors of shale oil mobility has mainly come from molecular dynamics simulation but lacking in-depth research on actual shales. Therefore, in this study, the effects of mineral composition, soluble organic matter (SOM) composition and wettability on the shale oil mobility were studied by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, mercury intrusion, contact angle, chloroform bitumen and group component detection methods, comprehensively. The results show that: (1) The asphaltene contents and (Asphaltenes×Aromatics)/(Saturates×Resins) negatively and positively correlate with clay and carbonate mineral contents, respectively, while the I/S and illite contents present opposite trend with (Asphaltenes×Aromatics)/(Saturates×Resins). These correlations indicate that the SOM that confined in the pores constructed with carbonate minerals and illite present better flow potential. (2) Both δVt and δSSA negatively correlate with asphaltenes and (Asphaltenes×Aromatics)/(Saturates×Resins). That is, less pores and surfaces can be released by extraction for the shales with more asphaltenes. Therefore, it can be concluded that asphaltene is a negative factor for shale oil seepage. Additionally, the larger pores present better flow condition for shale oil, even for asphaltenes. (3) Pore surface wettability also significantly affects the shale oil mobility. The hydrophobicity of the pore wall greatly inhibits the shale oil flow, especially for the mesopores and macropores. The pattern diagram was established to illustrate the effect of the interactions between pore surfaces and shale oil components on the movable potential. Based on our research, mineral composition, group composition and pore surface wettability are efficient parameters for the shale oil mobility evaluation based on the interfacial interaction theory, and the “sweet spots” for shale oil seepage of the Jiyang Depression are the shales with more illite, carbonate, saturates and relatively low lipophilicity.

Constructing A Model of the Impact of Human Capital and Social Capital on the Employment Quality of Chinese University Graduates: Based on the Mediating Role of Career Development

Introduction: This article is based on the theories of human capital, social capital, social interaction, and collaborative governance. From the dual perspectives of human capital and social capital, combined with the mediating role of career development, it studies the factors that affect the quality of employment for university students and constructs a conceptual model to determine the mediating role of career development between human capital, social capital, and the quality of employment for university graduates. Through a large amount of literature and previous research theories, suitable employment quality indicators, human capital indicators, social capital indicators, and career development indicators were selected. This article reveals the influencing factors of improving the employment quality of university graduates, providing ideas for improving the employment quality of university graduates and promoting the improvement of the higher education system and the stable development of the social economy. Objective: It introduces a novel perspective on career development and explores the mediating role of career development in the impact of human capital and social capital on the employment quality of university graduates. This not only provides more objective and scientific guidance for university graduates' job values, self-awareness, and planning but also helps them better develop and cultivate their own human capital and social capital capability providing effective practical guidance. At the same time, it can provide objective analytical data for the reform of major settings in university education, the establishment of career courses, and the fair and reasonable formulation of employment policies, providing a new research perspective for studying the quality of employment of university graduates. Theoretical Framework: In the developmental stage, at least four economists have made outstanding contributions: Theodore W. Schultz and Gary Becker, Jacob Mincer and Edward Denison, respectively from different angles in different fields for the formation of the basic framework of the foundation, the modern sense of human capital theory was born, not only laid the theoretical foundation for the western education economics but also opened up a new field of western economics research. Method: The research of domestic and foreign scholars on the career development of university students is similar. Due to the differences in the focus, attention topics, and research methods, the dimensions of career development of university students are also defined differently. Results and Discussion: The theories of human capital and social capital have received attention and recognition from scholars as the basis for studying the quality of employment for university graduates. The impact of human capital and social capital on the quality of employment for university graduates is also significant. However, in existing research, there are not many studies that focus on the quality of employment for university graduates from the perspectives of schools and social governance, based on social interaction theory and collaborative governance theory. Specifically, there is a lack of systematic theoretical support and empirical exploration in exploring the impact of major differences and career development on the quality of employment for university graduates, and overall, it is still in the exploratory stage. Research Implications: The research results indicate that there is a significant correlation between career development, human capital, social capital, and the quality of employment for university graduates Originality/Value: This model is not yet tested in Chinese contexts.