Shape Theory Research Articles

The characteristics of laser scattered by droplets

Droplets are the primary factors which influence laser transmitting in bad weather. This paper researches the analytic expression of droplets influencing the laser, which is based on the geometric optic theory and distribution of raindrop size and shape. In this paper, the relationship between the incidence and emergence angle of droplets is discussed. The effects of an individual raindrop on Ladar divergence angle, illuminance and optical path difference are investigated, and then the cumulated influence of a large quantity of raindrops is analyzed. The illuminance of scanning the targets and laser radar received by the detector is presented.

Platform Capitalism ‘Made in China’? Intelligent Manufacturing, Taobao Villages and the Restructuring of Work

The article examines the development of advanced digital manufacturing (as outlined in the ‘Made-in-China 2025’ government plan) from the perspective of the changing socio-technical paradigms of production. The analysis focuses on the transformations of value chains and work, based on theories of social shaping of technology, regulation theory and regimes of production. Analytically, the author proposes to distinguish between ‘production-driven’ and ‘distribution-driven’ pathways of manufacturing digitalisation. The transformation of semi-rural industrial areas (‘Taobao villages’, named after China’s largest e-commerce platform Taobao) into mass production clusters for e-commerce is depicted as a paradigmatic model of distribution-driven transformation and as a characteristic Chinese strategy in this field. The article examines the impact on industry supply chains and work, leading to ever-more precarious conditions of employment. Policy recommendations focus on local strategies to stabilise supply chain structures and working conditions, as an alternative to the present top-down approaches to manufacturing modernisation in China.

Investigation of bond oscillation assisted olfactory perception by exciting the molecular chemical bonds using specific IR wavelengths

The principle of olfactory perception had been widely studied. The core of the olfactory theory is based on two different mechanisms or the combination of the two. The first is the shape (weak shape) theory that the olfactory receptor only accepts the molecule with a complementary shape (lock to the key). The second is the vibrational theory that electrons on an odor molecule will be able to tunnel to the olfactory receptors quantum mechanically only when they are assisted by the specific bond vibrational energy of the molecules. Previous studies indicated that human subjects can distinguish the difference between the musk odorant molecules and its deuterated counterparts as evidence to advocate the theory. Scientists who refuted the vibration theory studied “musk-recognizing receptor”, OR5AN1 and discovered that these receptors responded strongly and identically to the deuterated and normal musk odorants in the vitro environmental condition albeit they have different vibrational energies. In this paper, a new method is adopted to investigate the bond vibration-assisted olfactory theory. Narrow bandwidth infrared light sources with specific wavelengths were utilized to illuminate and excite molecular bond oscillation of the odorant molecules. By analyzing the experimental results of 23 human subjects. This study also supported the hypothesis of the “spin residual information theory” that the olfactory perception is aroused by the “residual spin information” of infrared photons left near the odor and receptor molecular bonding sites which absorbed or emitted the infrared photons.

Strategy of 5-axis Tool Path Determination Using Extended C-space

This study describes a method to determine a 5-axis tool path in a CNC machine tool. In general, the tool path is determined by two steps: main and post processor. First, positions and postures of the tool are determined in the main processor. After that, travel amount of each axis is calculated based on form shaping theory in the post processor. Therefore, it is difficult to determine especially tool postures considering the axis travel amount in the conventional CAM. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes extended C-space, which is generated from form shaping surfaces defined by the form shaping function analogically, and several strategical constraints can be added to the axis travel amount. This paper describes two strategies as implementation examples of extended C-space. One is minimization strategy of angle change in rotation axes, and the other is minimization strategy of power consumption in all axes. Finally, these effectiveness are confirmed by machining.

Outstanding: Centering Black Kids’ Enoughness in Civic Education Research

In this article we argue that latent and explicit theories of Black insufficiency shape how achievement gaps are defined and assessed in civic education research. We engage the substantive historical and conceptual precedent for rejecting the gap framing. Our call to action demands that radical points of departure are needed to produce loving and valid accounts of Black kids’ civic worlds.

Analytical description of digital intersections: Minimal parameters and multiscale representation

The paper contributes to a multiscale theory of digital shapes by presenting novel methods for a multiscale representation of digital lines and their intersections according to the Stern-Brocot tree. We give a new definition of the intersection (main connected part) of two specific digital straight lines on the same quadrant (First quadrant). More precisely, we give some new results about the minimal set of parameters (i.e. slope (a,b), shift (μ), parity (even or odd), and the coordinates of the upper leaning points) for each line and their intersections.

Connectivity and Blockage Effects in Millimeter-Wave Air-To-Everything Networks

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) offers high data rate and bandwidth for air-to-everything (A2X) communications including air-to-air, air-to-ground, and air-to-tower. MmWave communication in the A2X network is sensitive to buildings blockage effects. In this paper, we propose an analytical framework to define and characterise the connectivity for an aerial access point (AAP) by jointly using stochastic geometry and random shape theory. The buildings are modelled as a Boolean line-segment process with fixed height. The blocking area for an arbitrary building is derived and minimized by optimizing the altitude of AAP. A lower bound on the connectivity probability is derived as a function of the altitude of AAP and different parameters of users and buildings including their densities, sizes, and heights. Our study yields guidelines on practical mmWave A2X networks deployment.

Dissipative flows, global attractors and shape theory

In this paper we study continuous parametrized families of dissipative flows, which are those flows having a global attractor. The main motivation for this study comes from the observation that, in general, global attractors are not robust, in the sense that small perturbations of the flow can destroy their globality. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a global attractor to be continued to a global attractor. We also study, using shape theoretical methods and the Conley index, the bifurcation global to non-global.

Future Hydrological Drought Risk Assessment Based on Nonstationary Joint Drought Management Index

As the environment changes, the stationarity assumption in hydrological analysis has become questionable. If nonstationarity of an observed time series is not fully considered when handling climate change scenarios, the outcomes of statistical analyses would be invalid in practice. This study established bivariate time-varying copula models for risk analysis based on the generalized additive models in location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) theory to develop the nonstationary joint drought management index (JDMI). Two kinds of daily streamflow data from the Soyang River basin were used; one is that observed during 1976–2005, and the other is that simulated for the period 2011–2099 from 26 climate change scenarios. The JDMI quantified the multi-index of reliability and vulnerability of hydrological drought, both of which cause damage to the hydrosystem. Hydrological drought was defined as the low-flow events that occur when streamflow is equal to or less than Q80 calculated from observed data, allowing future drought risk to be assessed and compared with the past. Then, reliability and vulnerability were estimated based on the duration and magnitude of the events, respectively. As a result, the JDMI provided the expected duration and magnitude quantities of drought or water deficit.

A Legal Review of Corporate Social Responsibility

The legal frontier has over the years proved its worth in shaping concepts and theories of humanity to the effect of influencing the sanity of its practice and its longevity. Corporate Social Responsibility is a theory that has existed over decades. It has however undergone various transformations as it has being duly influenced by facets of academia and developments all with the aim of maximizing its impact in the cause of achieving global development and sustainability. This academic piece in perspective, analyses the concept in legal terms and the light of its relevance today. Providing a legal definition and review of the concept in modern terms, the piece concludes with the need for more legislation to this regard. Keywords : Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainable Development, Law, Regulation. DOI : 10.7176/JLPG/83-01 Publication date :March 31 st 2019

Determinantal spanning forests on planar graphs

We generalize the uniform spanning tree to construct a family of determinantal measures on essential spanning forests on periodic planar graphs in which every component tree is bi-infinite. Like the uniform spanning tree, these measures arise naturally from the Laplacian on the graph. More generally, these results hold for the “massive” Laplacian determinant which counts rooted spanning forests with weight $M$ per finite component. These measures typically have a form of conformal invariance, unlike the usual rooted spanning tree measure. We show that the spectral curve for these models is always a simple Harnack curve; this fact controls the decay of edge-edge correlations in these models. We construct a limit shape theory in these settings, where the limit shapes are defined by measured foliations of fixed isotopy type.

Editorial: Enhancing quantitative theory-testing entrepreneurship research

The purpose of this editorial is to discuss methodological advancements to enhance quantitative theory-testing entrepreneurship research. As the impact of entrepreneurship scholarship accelerates and deepens, our methods must keep pace to continue shaping theory, policy, and practice. Like our sister fields in business, entrepreneurship is coming to terms with the replication and credibility crisis in the social sciences, forcing the field to revisit commonly-held assumptions that limit the promise and prospect of our scholarship. Thus, we provide suggestions for reviewers and editors to identify concerns in empirical work, and to guide authors in improving their analyses and research designs. We hope that our editorial provides useful and actionable guidance for entrepreneurship researchers submitting theory-testing papers to Journal of Business Venturing.

A Novel Approach of Mathematical Theory of Shape and Neuro-Fuzzy Based Diagnostic Analysis of Cervical Cancer.

This study aims to detect the abnormal growth of tissue in cervix region for diagnosis of cervical cancer using Pap test of patients. The proposed methodology classifies cervical cancer for pattern recognition either benign or malignant stages using shape and neuro-fuzzy based diagnostic model. In this experiment, firstly the authors segment Pap smear images of cervical cells using fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm and shape theory to classify them according to the presence of abnormality of the cells. Secondly the features extraction process is performed in the part of nucleus and cytoplasm on the squamous and glandular cells and the authors used input variables such as cytoplasm area (CA), cytoplasm circularity (CC), nucleus area (NA), nucleus circularity (NC), nucleus-cytoplasm ratio (NCR), and maximum nucleus brightness (MNB) in fuzzy tools and used fuzzy rules to evaluate the cervical cancer risk status as an output variable. The proposed neuro-fuzzy network system was developed for early detection of cervical cancer. A neural network was trained with 15-Pap image datasets where Levenberg-Marquardt(LM) a feed-forward back-propagation algorithm was used to get the status of the cervical cancer. Out of 15 samples database, 11 data set for training, 2 data set for validation and 2 data set for test were used in the ANN classification system. The presented fuzzy expert system(FES) successfully identified the presence of cervical cancer in the Pap smear images using the extracted features and the use of neuro-fuzzy system(NFS) for the identification of cervical cancer at the early stages and achieve a satisfactory performance with 100% accuracy.

Serotonin transporter allele polymorphism associated with the gut microbiome of adult rhesus monkeys

Morphological filters are E-system-type filters, which are complementary to M-system filters that are based on mathematical morphology. They are the superset of the early envelope filters but offer more tools and capabilities. This chapter first reviews the historical development of morphological filters along with the associated basic theories of morphological operations. The applications of morphological operation in the field of geometrical metrology are illustrated. The chapter then presents two advanced computational algorithms that allow morphological filters to be applied to free-form surfaces. The first algorithm is based on a computational geometry technique, that is, alpha shape theory, which can be further optimized by searching contact points and using the divide and conquer technique. The second algorithm removes the dependence of the alpha shape method on the Delaunay triangulation and recursively searches the contact points of the structuring element and the surface. In conclusion, this chapter will present and evaluate examples of applying morphological filters on precision-machined surfaces and additive manufactured surfaces.

The Syntax–Prosody Interface

This article provides an overview of current and historically important issues in the study of the syntax–prosody interface, the point of interaction between syntactic structure and phrase-level phonology. We take a broad view of the syntax–prosody interface, surveying both direct and indirect reference theories, with a focus on evaluating the continuing prominent role of prosodic hierarchy theory in shaping our understanding of this area of linguistics. Specific topics discussed in detail include the identification of prosodic domains, the universality of prosodic categories, the recent resurgence of interest in the role of recursion in prosodic structure, crosslinguistic variation in syntax–prosody mapping, prosodic influences on syntax and word order, and the influence of sentence processing in the planning and shaping of prosodic domains. We consider criticisms of prosodic hierarchy theory in particular, and provide an assessment of the future of prosodic hierarchy theory in research on the syntax–prosody interface.

A meaning explanation for HoTT

In the Univalent Foundations of mathematics spatial notions like “point” and “path” are primitive, rather than derived, and all of mathematics is encoded in terms of them. A Homotopy Type Theory is any formal system which realizes this idea. In this paper I will focus on the question of whether a Homotopy Type Theory (as a formalism for the Univalent Foundations) can be justified intuitively as a theory of shapes in the same way that ZFC (as a formalism for set-theoretic foundations) can be justified intuitively as a theory of collections. I first clarify what such an “intuitive justification” should be by distinguishing between formal and pre-formal “meaning explanations” in the vein of Martin-Löf. I then go on to develop a pre-formal meaning explanation for HoTT in terms of primitive spatial notions like “shape”, “path” etc.

A New Variational Model for Joint Image Reconstruction and Motion Estimation in Spatiotemporal Imaging

We propose a new variational model for joint image reconstruction and motion estimation in spatiotemporal imaging, which is investigated along a general framework that we present with shape theory. This model consists of two components, one for conducting modified static image reconstruction, and the other performs sequentially indirect image registration. For the latter, we generalize the large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping framework into the sequentially indirect registration setting. The proposed model is compared theoretically against alternative approaches (optical flow based model and diffeomorphic motion models), and we demonstrate that the proposed model has desirable properties in terms of the optimal solution. The theoretical derivations and efficient algorithms are also presented for a time-discretized scenario of the proposed model, which show that the optimal solution of the time-discretized version is consistent with that of the time-continuous one, and most of the computational components is the easy-implemented linearized deformation. The complexity of the algorithm is analyzed as well. This work is concluded by some numerical examples in 2D space + time tomography with very sparse and/or highly noisy data.

88올림픽 마스코트 ‘호돌이’의 도상학

‘Hodori’ the name of baby tiger was designed as 88 Seoul Olympic mascot with three Taegeuk emblem and formal poster in the end of 1983. The object selection, design process and naming were open to public participation and designated competitions to promote Seoul Olympic Games widely. Hodori was the first Korean olympic symbol and the first commercial character product. Tiger as a national icon originated from a theory that the Korean peninsula looks like a tiger, the king of animal. The theory was argued by Choi Namsun’ enlightenment magazine young man(少年) against Japanese geologist’s rabbit shape theory in 1908. Hodori was designed and promoted as a kind of nation identity of corporate Korea that debuted on the stage of international sports politics and entered the world marketplace. Many designers regarded Olympic as momentum of developing condition and competence of Korean design’s realm. Design Experts Committee founded in Seoul Olympic Organizing Committee supervised and directed every design for olympic such as symbols, environmental decorations, pictogram, typeface, posters, uniforms, etc. Hodori was a cute, intimate and open-minded character and a symbol of open-door economical policy of military government. Hodori was made as various olympic souvenirs and 140 corporates bought the right to use emblem and mascot as official supporters or sponsors. Hodori ran through so many campaigns promoted by military government to mobilize people and to suppress against civil demonstration for democracy. On the other hands, Hodori was satirized and sneered as unjust force or dictator’s pet. Arts criticized the olympic while enjoyed and made a profit from it. This contradictory dynamism was a potential possibility of 1980’s Korean society.

On financialization and its future

Born as a term with a critical connotation towards finance, financialization has been widely employed in social sciences, despite the vagueness often surrounding it. In this article we discuss the concept of financialization with a focus on three dimensions. First, we highlight the crucial role of theory in shaping the depth of one’s understanding of the term. Second, we discuss the merits and limitations of the term as a means for bringing together researchers from different communities. Third, we reflect on its future. We argue in particular that the various phenomena associated with financialization involve different boundaries and temporalities. These differences are important, first for appreciating the openness of possible outcomes, and second, for anticipating potential convergences in scholarly perceptions of financialization that might occur in the near future.

The Shape Theory In Drawings Of The Orientalists

The Current Research Deals With, The Impact Of The Shape Theory In Drawings Of The Orientalists, That Poses From An Aesthetic Phenomenon Filled An Important Place In The Tracer Form Of Public Discourse Plastic And Drawings Of The Orientalists In Particular.
 The Basis Of Aesthetic Vision, And This Research Includes Four Chapters, The First Chapter Has Interested In The Methodological Form Of The Research Represented By The Problem Of Research Identified Study (Shape And Dimensions Of Cognitive And Formative And Remember In Drawings Of The Orientalists) And Confine Search To Find The Relationship Between The Pillars The Shape Theory In Drawings Of The Orientalists Of The Year (1865 -1900) From The Displacement Of Painters To The East In The Golden Their Time, And The Adoption Of The Descriptive Approach Within The Philosophical And Aesthetic Vision.The Second Chapter Consisted Theoretical Form, Which Included Three Sections Address The First Topic Shape Theory And General Concepts The Second Topic Dealt With Orientalism And Its Objectives And The Third On The Arab Aesthetic Components In The Environment Of Drawings Of The Orientalists.The Third Chapter, Which Included The Research Community And The Research Sample And Analysis Of Samples Of (4) Plates.
 The Fourth Chapter Has Included The Search Results, Which Came From The Expressive Content And Ideas Inspired Creative Way Reflect The Aesthetic Vision Of The Capabilities Of Technical Knowledge Combined With A Coherent And Harmonious Relations In The Artwork Orientalist. Conclusions And Came To Show The Possibilities Of Achieving The Objectives Of The Research And The Researcher Worked Hard Remembrance Of The Recommendations And Proposals, Followed By The List Of Sources And Formats.