After learning the Soviet model and developing it today, the rudiment of professional music education established in the 1930s has formed the burden of various historical problems. At the same time, in the ideological collision between China and the West, various concepts and viewpoints around music teaching also appeared, but this is not the main research object because there is no answer at all; therefore, it is necessary to make more rational improvements to the relevant experience, new ideas and new ideas. Based on the theoretical basis of in-depth algorithm and constraint solving, this research starts from the current music teaching in colleges. It explores the curriculum mode that is conducive to the development of music in the author’s country. The experimental results show that in the teaching mode of music composition theory courses in colleges and universities, the music composition optimization algorithm (MMC) has a profound impact on the teaching effect of the course. When solving Madcap’s, the current optimal solution significantly impacts the results. In the curriculum problem, due to the constraints of the curriculum schedule problem, MMC does not show a promising solution effect but has good performance on the curriculum scheduling problem with relatively few constraints, so when solving problems with fewer constraints, the reader can choose MMC.