Theoretical Views Research Articles

Нейропсихологические механизмы социальной агрессии

<p style="text-align: justify;">The following article presents an overview of contemporary foreign studies on the neuropsychological status of individuals who have committed socially aggressive actions. It describes the factors that influence the formation of aggressive behaviour and thoroughly analyzes the main theoretical views on the nature of social aggression. Moreover, the article highlights the main research directions on this issue in modern neuropsychology. The analysis of various neuropsychological aspects of aggression is presented, including the features of cognitive and regulatory processes in perpetrators of violence. The article also describes the neuropsychological methods used to study executive functions and their orientation. Furthermore, it critically analyzes empirical neuropsychological studies of perpetrators of violence, including meta-analytical studies, and also challenges the traditional understanding of the dysfunctionality of regulatory processes in aggressive individuals and patients with frontal lobe brain lesions. The article also highlights the difference between the manifestations of regulatory process disorders in persons with frontal lobe injuries in childhood and adulthood. Finally, it conducts a critical analysis of hypotheses on the biological basis of social aggression. The paper addresses controversial issues regarding the causal relationship between brain pathology and social aggression, as well as the hierarchy of relations between regulatory and cognitive deficits. The article describes possible directions for further promising studies of social aggression in neuropsychology.</p>

КАТЕГОРИЙНЫЙ АППАРАТ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПИТАНИЯ

The article considers theoretical views of modern authors and scientists on the mechanisms of improving the efficiency of catering enterprises in general and systematisation of mechanisms by key categories, such as personnel management, process management, quality management and management of customer satisfaction, impressions and emotions.

Adapting to change: redefining employee utilization in construction projects through lessons learnt from COVID-19

PurposeThe study aims to understand the challenges of effective employee utilization in construction projects during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in a developing country and to develop mitigation strategies for post-pandemic workforce management.Design/methodology/approachWe used a qualitative research design to conduct semi-structured interviews with elite informants of various construction firms and analyze the data using thematic analysis.FindingsThe results showed that numerous factors, including supply chain issues, inadequate worker healthcare, ineffective knowledge management and job losses, have negatively impacted the construction industry. The prominent outcomes of the study are a conceptual framework for effective workforce management post-pandemic and beyond, including recommendations for managers and executives and future research.Originality/valueThe workforce management framework with knowledge management developed in this study provides a new theoretical view of post-pandemic mitigation strategies through the theoretical lens of dynamics capabilities and knowledge management. The findings cover industrial insights, particularly from the stakeholders’ perspective, and provide a solid foundation for future research in this domain.

Working in the transference: views from intersubjective self psychology

The author presents theoretical and clinical views of transference according to the emergent psychoanalytic paradigm of intersubjective self psychology (ISP). After introducing and comparing the basic tenets of self psychology and intersubjectivity theory, he demonstrates how the two theories are integrated in ISP. This is followed by discussions of the selfobject transferences, the corrective selfobject experience, the leading and trailing edges of the therapeutic relationship, and finally the use of transference interventions. The author concludes with a clinical illustration and directions for future work in ISP.

The history and theoretical interpretations of dialogue in literary studies

The article examines the history of dialogue in literary studies and its theoretical interpretations. On the example of world and Uzbek literary studies, theoretical views on the issues of dialogue and its artistic function, its significance in poetic speech are summarized. Scientific conclusions are drawn about the function and essence of artistic dialogue.

Unraveling proton-coupled electron transfer in cofactor-free oxidase- and oxygenase-catalyzed oxygen activation: a theoretical view.

Oxygen plays a crucial role in the metabolic processes of non-anaerobic organisms. However, a detailed understanding of how triplet oxygen participates in the enzymatic oxidation of organic compounds involved in life processes is still lacking. It is noteworthy that recent studies have found that cofactor-free oxidase- and oxygenase-catalyzed oxygen activation occurs through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), which is significantly different from the previously proposed single electron transfer (SET) mechanism. Herein, we summarize the recent advances in the general mechanism of catalytic activation reactions of triplet oxygen by these enzymes. We believe that this review not only helps in providing a deep understanding of the processes involved in oxygen metabolism in organisms but also provides valuable theoretical reference data for designing more efficient enzyme mutants for treating diseases and handling environmental pollution in the future.

Demystifying authenticity: Behavioral and neurophysiological signatures of self-positivity for authentic and presented selves.

Authenticity has captivated scholars. But what is it? An emerging view considers it exaggerated favorability (self-enhancement), whereas traditional views regard it as self-accuracy and self-consistency. We tested these theoretical views by contrasting the authentic self with the presented self, a highly desirable representation. Behaviorally, participants ascribed less positivity to the authentic self: They endorsed more negative traits and were faster to admit having them; also, they endorsed fewer positive traits and were slower to admit having them. Neurally, participants manifested preferential processing of threatening information (P1), followed by preferential processing of favorable information (N170), about the presented self (than authentic self), indicating its brittleness. At a later stage (LPP), participants engaged in more elaborate processing of threatening and favorable information about the authentic self, indicating its subjective importance. Authenticity, albeit mostly positive, allows room for negativity.

Formation of an Industrial Sector Strategy Using the Ex-Ample of Machine Tool Production

The events occurring in the Russian economy after the start of the Special Military Operation have aggravated the task of accelerated and comprehensive industrial development of the country. In this regard, the presented article examines approaches to the formation of strategies for industrial sectors, management tools used by the state for these purposes, and their application in the context of sanctions pressure. At the same time, development priorities are shifting from integration into the global division of labor to work focused on own resources, inclusion in local markets, cooperation with friendly countries. As part of solving the designated problem, theoretical views on the formation of industry strategies, existing regulatory documents, and the practice of the work carried out are considered, which made it possible to record the generalized structure of the industry strategy, the composition of its main components (functional strategies), and the sequence of key actions for preparation. The practical part of the work considers measures to develop the machine tool industry, which has been in a deplorable state in recent years. The current steps for its development are reflected from the formation of the industry strategy in 2020, even before the start of the SVO, up to new initiatives reflected in the national project "Means of Production and Automation", prepared in 2024 and aimed at accelerated development. It is noted that the priorities should be not only and not so much the restoration of the lagging production base, re-equipment and modernization of production, expansion of competencies and personnel training, but also at the same time a significant strengthening of the technological and innovative level of developments. From this angle, the key areas of additional support for industry, the tools used by the state for these purposes are studied. In conclusion, possible pain points for further development are recorded and measures to mitigate them are proposed.

Evaluating the causal link between FDI inflows and domestic interest rate in Nigeria

Investigating the relationship between domestic interest rate and inflows from foreign direct investment (FDI) in a country is paramount for policy formulation. While a preponderance of extant literature has evaluated the impact of interest rate on the penetration of FDI owing to existing theories that support such link, studies that focus on the role of FDI inflows in influencing domestic interest rate is scanty. Dearth of studies in this area limits an understanding of the actual link between the two variables. This study therefore adds to the existing literature by verifying both theoretical and conceptual views concerning how FDI inflows and domestic interest rate are related in Nigeria. In addressing the identified gap in knowledge, the study used the vector error correction model (VECM)Granger causality with annual series which covered the period from 1981 to 2022. Finding indicates a bi-directional causality existing between domestic interest rate and FDI inflows. The paper thus concludes that much as domestic interest rate influenced FDI inflows (supporting the theoretical postulations), a reverse causality running from FDI inflows to domestic interest rate was equally revealed to exist. The study thus recommends that instead of manipulating the monetary policy instruments to attract FDI and as well handle the consequences accompanying its massive penetration, efforts should be directed at providing institutional reforms and upgrading the infrastructure in the country.

“THE POET IN A NOVELLA”: PROFESSOR IVAN DENYSIUK’ IDEAS IN MARKO CHEREMSHYNA STUDIES

The paper highlights professor Ivan Denysiuk’s views on the genre and stylistic features of Marko Cheremshyna’s short stories. As the founder of the Lviv genealogical school, Denysiuk managed to avoid the vulgar sociological vocabulary typical of official Soviet literary studies. Instead, he emphasized a significant number of vital aspects regarding the writer’s specific prose and the characteristics of his poetic approach. The individual style demonstrated by the author of “Notches” was comprehended by Denysiuk against the context of the literary era and in relation to other representatives of the aesthetic canon of that time. Thoroughly acquainted with contemporary European theoretical views on the novella genre, the researcher convincingly showed that Marko Cheremshyna’s works are primarily celebrated for their significant poetic qualities, which allow for their classification into genre categories such as lament-novella, ballad-novella, and anti-idyll novella. In addition, the scholar aimed to clarify the functional role of landscapes in the studied works and to explore the nature of interpersonal and creative relationships between Marko Cheremshyna and other writers, who dealt with the Hutsul environment in their oeuvre. Ivan Denysiuk was confident that the author achieved a high artistic effect primarily through high-quality literary photographism, followed by a gradual transformation of vivid visual images into resonant internal polyphony, which significantly enhanced the psychological component even in completely plotless, purely sentimental works. In his literary explorations, Denysiuk succeeded in revealing the unique aesthetic approach and special outlook of early Marko Cheremshyna. During the period of modernist stylistic dominance and popularity, the writer’s methods of implementing ideas in literary works were truly distinctive.

Moral Intuition Regarding the Possibility of Conscious Human Brain Organoids: An Experimental Ethics Study

The moral status of human brain organoids (HBOs) has been debated in view of the future possibility that they may acquire phenomenal consciousness. This study empirically investigates the moral sensitivity in people’s intuitive judgments about actions toward conscious HBOs. The results showed that the presence/absence of pain experience in HBOs affected the judgment about the moral permissibility of actions such as creating and destroying the HBOs; however, the presence/absence of visual experience in HBOs also affected the judgment. These findings suggest that people’s intuitive judgments about the moral status of HBOs are sensitive to the valence-independent value of phenomenal consciousness. We discuss how these observations can have normative implications; particularly, we argue that they put pressure on the theoretical view that the moral status of conscious HBOs is grounded solely in the valence-dependent value of consciousness. We also discuss how our findings can be informative even when such a theoretical view is finally justified or when the future possibility of conscious HBOs is implausible.

Yi Ik: Korean Practical Philosopher and Moralist of the Late Joseon Period

Introduction. The article analyzes the ideological and theoretical views of the Korean intellectual, scholar Yi Ik (1681–1763), on modern society and his proposed measures for its improvement. Yi Ik was one of the main pillars of the Sirhak intellectual movement, which became the basis for the profound transformation of Korean society in the 19th century. Methods and materials. The research was carried out on the basis of a civilizational approach to the study of history, proceeding from the specifics of cultural and historical societies (in this case, the so-called Confucian civilization covering the countries of East Asia) and the anthropological approach, which considers men as products of their epoch. The main source was Yi Ik’s “Songho saseol,” (“Miscellaneous Sayings of Songho”). Analysis. This work is a collection of thoughts, facts, and commentaries recorded by the author over the course of several decades. It is encyclopedic in nature and includes information on history, military affairs, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, geography, medicine, agriculture, literature, and music. He was especially interested in the reorganization of Korean society on the basis of humanity and justice. This work was written in Wenyang (kor. Hanmun), the literary Chinese language that was the official script in medieval Korea. “Songho saseol” published in 1970 by Munhwasa publishers in Seoul, is used in this article. The pages are offset photographs and are not numbered. Results. The main focus of Yi Ik’s writings was agriculture, the backbone of Korea’s economy. His economic ideas, which were based on Confucian tenets, were largely idealistic. Other ideas concerning social reforms and the adoption of Western science and technology were in line with the demands of the times and later became the basis for the transformation of Korean society. The main conclusion is that in his scientific and practical work, Yi Ik sought to synthesize the humanitarian Confucian thought and practical knowledge from Western sources.

POWER OF THE UNBURIED:

Using the experience of repatriates from Inner Asia as an example, this article examines the specifics of Soviet practices of suspicion, fixing the border population in a situation of inevitable political and racial impurity. Despite the gradual withdrawal of the state from the mass persecution of people in border areas after 1953, the emotional experience of living near the border is relevant, not only in new post-Soviet contexts but also as a way to understand the past. This experience will be considered in two aspects: (1) the citizenship regime for repatriates as it, to a greater or lesser extent, related to the community and (2) the specifics of the community’s responsibility for armed resistance to Soviet power. The narrative shift in the study of Stalinism and Soviet citizenship has provided a broad theoretical view of the value system and epistemology of the Soviet subject. It should be noted that this theoretical generalisation can be filled with empirical content thanks to anthropological studies of the border communities from the eastern part of the USSR (Transbaikalia). To write this article, material was used from field research conducted in Mongolia, Inner Mongolia and the Chita region in the autumn of 2012, 2016 and 2021.

Theory and practice of pictorial avant-garde in the creation of the Ukrainian artist David Burlyuk

Modeling the theory of the Ukrainian pictorial avant-garde based on the study of the theoretical views of avant-garde artists is an urgent scientific task of art history. The theory of the avant-garde unites a number of concepts of co-existing artistic currents with its ideals of the human creator and constitutes a certain integral essence of various aesthetic and artistic features. Avant-garde art, as the art of a new and unknown future, needed a theoretical basis for explaining the nature of artistic creation, interpreting it as a synthesis of the conscious and unconscious, the role of the artist and the viewer in their dialectical unity, the importance of the artistic process in social progress. Davyd Burlyuk became a bright follower of the ideas of the avant-garde, which stood out in addition to artistic creativity and its theoretical justification. The Ukrainian avant-garde is built on David Burlyuk’s concept of movement and change. At the center of the artist’s theoretical views is the creative personality with its freedom of choice of individual self-expression. The artist’s views on the essence of avant-garde art became the theoretical basis of the avant-garde in the crowd of traditional ones, which allowed the new art to occupy its own separate place. David Burlyuk’s theoretical canons for the construction of the composition of the work by the method of shifted construction, multiple perspective, texture, color space, free drawing are the basis of the creation of a new pictorial language, new aesthetics and the reconstruction of the artistic space of culture and a contribution to its development. The formation of the worldview basis of the artist’s creativity took place on the basis of the traditions of his own national culture in organic unity with the European trends of renewal of the artistic space, which is a significant contribution to the development of the world avant-garde.

Perceptual Cue Weighting Matters in Real-Time Integration of Acoustic Information During Spoken Word Recognition.

This study investigates whether listeners' cue weighting predicts their real-time use of asynchronous acoustic information in spoken word recognition at both group and individual levels. By focusing on the time course of cue integration, we seek to distinguish between two theoretical views: the associated view (cue weighting is linked to cue integration strategy) and the independent view (no such relationship). The current study examines Seoul Korean listeners' (n = 62) weighting of voice onset time (VOT, available earlier in time) and onset fundamental frequency of the following vowel (F0, available later in time) when perceiving Korean stop contrasts (Experiment 1: cue-weighting perception task) and the timing of VOT integration when recognizing Korean words that begin with a stop (Experiment 2: visual-world eye-tracking task). The group-level results reveal that the timing of the early cue (VOT) integration is delayed when the later cue (F0) serves as the primary cue to process the stop contrast, supporting a relationship between cue weighting and the timing of cue integration (the associated view). At the individual level, listeners with greater reliance on F0 than VOT exhibited a further delayed integration of VOT. These findings suggest that the real-time processing of asynchronously occurring acoustic cues for lexical activation is modulated by the weight that listeners assign to those cues, providing evidence for the associated view of cue integration. This study offers insights into the mechanisms of cue integration and spoken word recognition, and they shed light on variability in cue integration strategies among listeners.

SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES TO SOLVING CONFLICTS BETWEEN SOCIETY AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PROGRESS

This article carried out a philosophical analysis of the conflicts that arise between society and scientific and technical progress. The influence of scientific and technical progress on the socio-economic, environmental and spiritual life of society is covered on the basis of the theoretical views of philosophers of different eras. Socio-philosophical approaches such as rational management, critical thinking, environmental sustainability and cooperation in the context of globalization have been proposed in relation to the solution of problems arising from the technical achievements of mankind.

THE SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL VIEWS OF LITERATURE CHRONICLE NURIDDIN SHUKUROV ON THE CREATIVE-METHODICAL RESEARCH OF UZBEKI WRITERS OF THE 20TH CENTURY

This article is dedicated to the scientific and theoretical views of the talented professor N. Shukurov. For this purpose, various pamphlets of the scientist published during the 60s-90s are taken as an object, and through them, his creative researches, scientific and literary thoughts, and artistic analyzes of the poetics of some works are discussed.

The Object of the Crime Hooliganism

This article is dedicated to the object of the crime of hooliganism. It contains a summary about the different outlooks on the object of crime in general as well as the object of hooliganism in particular. Besides the theoretical views on the matter, this article provides a more thorough examination of the question of whether the existing definition of the object of crime hooliganism is adequate in the current criminal law reality and whether certain amendments in the overall understanding are needed. In the end, it suggests a new definition of the object of the crime of hooliganism which brings more clarity to the matter by minimizing the element of abstraction in the current exposition.

In the Footsteps of Krste P. Misirkov: Tracing the Roots of Macedonian Sociological Discourse

ABSTRACTMisirkov is one of the most eminent figures in Macedonian national history. He made significant contributions as a Slavist, historian, folklorist, and ethnographer. In his seminal work, “On Macedonian Matters” (1903), Misirkov presented his theoretical and scientific views on the Macedonian question. He made a groundbreaking attempt to standardize the Macedonian language, offering both a linguistic and sociological exploration of its role in establishing political legitimacy for the Macedonian ethnocultural entity. His comprehensive treatment of other critical aspects, including the cultural identity, sense of common belonging, and the need for a separate political unit, aligns with the foundational principles of modern nations. Introducing novel ideas and frameworks, Misirkov significantly contributed to understanding Macedonian ethnocultural distinctiveness, crucial for the nation‐building process. This paper emphasizes Misirkov's overlooked role as the founder of Macedonian sociological discourse, drawing parallels with modernist theories about nation and nationalism and analyzing his method through the concept of sociological imagination. Despite the enduring impact of his work, this pioneering aspect remains unexplored in academic research, addressing a significant gap in understanding Misirkov's contributions to Macedonian sociological thought.

Analysis of Theoretical Views on the Concept of Corruption and Crimes Related to Corruption in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Abstract: Corruption remains one of the most critical challenges for governance, economic development, and social stability in many countries, including Uzbekistan. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical perspectives on the concept of corruption and the legal framework surrounding crimes related to corruption under the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. By examining both international and national definitions and classifications of corruption, as well as recent legal reforms, this paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of how corruption is treated in Uzbek legal theory and practice. The analysis also highlights key legal provisions, judicial approaches, and challenges in combating corruption, providing a basis for future reforms and enhanced anti-corruption strategies.