Theban Tomb Research Articles

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Book Review: The Tomb of Kheruef: Theban Tomb 192

Book Review: The Tomb of Kheruef: Theban Tomb 192

The Tomb of Kheruef, Theban Tomb 192. By The Epigraphic Survey.

<i>The Tomb of Kheruef, Theban Tomb 192</i>. By The Epigraphic Survey.

Theban Tomb 293 and the Tomb of the Scribe Huy

IN the second edition of volume 1 of Porter and Moss's Topographical Bibliography there is listed Theban Tomb 293, attributed to Ramessesnakhte, First Prophet of Amun, and dated to the time of Ramesses IV. A description and plan are supplied, and the location of the tomb within the Theban necropolis is shown on map 1 at the end of the book.' The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that some of the information given in PM concerning this tomb probably pertains to another, previously unnoted tomb in the necropolis, and in any case does not relate to Theban Tomb (hereafter referred to as TT) 293. Early in 1972, we searched for TT 293 in the area of Drac Ab i el-Nagac indicated by the map of the Theban necropolis2 but without immediate success. Some days later, Dr. Labib Habachi, assisted by the retired Sheikh el-Ghufard of Gurna, found a tomb bearing the painted number 293, in exactly the position shown by the map, which we had overlooked when we first visited the spot. Upon our return to the site, it became clear why we had failed to recognize the tomb. Neither the plan nor the decoration as described in PM corresponded with those features in the tomb bearing the number 293. TT 293 (fig. 1)3 is situated in a rectangular cutting in the slope, facing southeast. The original outline of this cutting is somewhat obscured by erosion of the rock and by the rather thick deposit of sand and debris which now covers most of it. At about the center of the cutting some brickwork, apparently still bonded together, can be detected, but until the area is cleared, the nature of these remains cannot be determined.4 At the present time, the foremost element of the hypogeum is a short longitudinal passage which leads into the vertical rock-face which forms the northern margin of the cutting to reach a large pillared hall. It is possible that this passage was originally preceded by a transverse hall which contained the actual entrance to the tomb (cf. TT 106 of Vizier Paser), but if so, it has collapsed totally, and no trace of such a feature remains visible today. The side-walls of the present entrance passage are broken by a natural fissure. Beyond this passage lies a large, roughly rectangular hall oriented transversely to the long axis

Three Reliefs from the Tomb of Mentuemhat

Therefore it seems fitting that this publication of three Egyptian reliefs in California and Washington museums be dedicated to them.1 All three relief fragments are believed to be from the same source : Theban tomb number 34 in the Asasif, the great funerary monument of Mentuemhat of the Twenty-fifth and Twentysixth Dynasties.2 Like so many of the pieces from that tomb, these found their way into museum collections during the early 1950's. The M. H. de Young Memorial Museum of San Francisco purchased its relief, number 51.4.2 (Fig. 1) in 195 1. The irregularly-shaped piece of limestone measures approximately 35x34011. It is in fine condition, unmarred by salt exudations, and is carved in a delicate low relief that retains most of the original paint. The fragment has portions of scenes from two registers. The lower register shows part of a line of bearers, a man and a woman, each with a basket on his head. Lengthy processions of such bearers reached the height of popularity in the tomb art of the Old Kingdom during the late Fifth and the Sixth Dynasty.3 Lines of both men an women bearers are more frequent in the art of the Old Kingdom than in that of later periods, In the San Francisco relief, each figure is preceded, by a vertical line of inscription which designates the contents of the baskets and the ownership of the supplies. Hsp written before the man should probably be interpreted here as produce4 because he carries a basket of food including cucumbers,5 loaves of bread and, topping all, a large head of lettuce.6 'Iwr.t written before the woman identifies the fruit in her

The Theban Tomb (No. 409) of Si-Mut, Called Kiki

DR. ABDUL-QADER has described tomb of Si-Mut and has related circumstances of its finding.1 It was a welcome by-product of joint clearance of tomb of Kheruef (No. 192) by Service of Antiquities and Oriental Institute from 1957 to 1959. In search for a place to dump debris from Kheruef court, two Ramesside tombs were discovered. One of them, dated to reign of Ramesses II, belonged to Royal Scribe and Chief Accountant of Cattle (of Theban temples), Si-Mut, called Kiki. When this tomb was excavated early in 1959, its southwest corner proved to be in an alarming state. Salt had invaded wall, so that surface was hanging in flakes, and stone underneath was crumbling. I therefore asked Dr. Abdul-Qader for permission to copy two long inscriptions running on three sides of west end of first room. At same time Dr. Charles F. Nims of Oriental Institute photographed as much of tomb as then limited space permitted. Happily Service consolidated much of wall, so that deterioration has been slowed down. Since Dr. Abdul-Qader has now published comprehensive report, I am now free to return to subject of this interesting tomb.2 Because of expense of reproducing extensive texts, I have to assume that reader has access to Abdul-Qader report. Many Theban tombs offer puzzle of a state of incompletion. This tomb has a first room essentially completed.3 In rear room, however, only back wall, with its four seated statues and a painted decoration of djed-pillars, was completed. other walls were left in some state of preparation: either sketched in outline or incompletely painted, with no inscriptions. As often, one has no answer to question: What happened to owner of this tomb, so that he was unable to see its completion ? present article does not pretend to be a full study of scenes and texts in tomb. I shall only skim cream, as my chief interest lies in two long inscriptions. Si-Mut is shown with two women, more commonly the Lady of House and Singer of Amon, (Rci:y), also designated as his sister, and the Lady of House and Singer of Amon, Ta-semenet. A writing on Pls. IV-V, with a fowl determinative, shows that latter name was understood as The Goose, a reading which does not appear in H. Ranke, Die digyptischen Personennamen, I, 367:14. At bottom of left reveal of doorway (Pls. X-XII), Si-Mut and Raiay are seated, enjoying song of a musician. My rough sketch shows no carved eye for singer, but I made no notation that he was clearly depicted as blind, so that this matter was undecided. His instrument is not customary harp of such scenes, but a lute with curious decorations at end. His song lacks inspiration of other such

Space and Narrativity in Menna's Tomb Chapel (Theban Tomb 69)

Tackling the issue of „Space and narrativity in two-dimensional images of the Egyptian New Kingdom“, the tomb of Menna (Theban Tomb 69) will serve as an example. The tomb of Menna , who held offices in the administration of temple land and royal land, is situated in the non-royal necropolis of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna on the Theban West Bank. Based on architectural and stylistical criteria as well as prosopographical data, it has been dated to the reign of Amenhotep III. (ca. 1390–1353 B.C.).The decorated tomb chapel is the part of the monument that was open to visitors and where the rituals for the deceased were performed as opposed to the burial chambers which were not intended to be re-opened after the burial except for the burial of the spouse or children of the deceased. In most cases they are undecorated.

Private Tombs at Thebes. Vol. IV. Scenes from Some Theban Tombs

Private Tombs at Thebes. Vol. IV. Scenes from Some Theban Tombs

Book Review: Private Tombs at Thebes. Vol. IV. Scenes from some Theban Tombs

Book Review: Private Tombs at Thebes. Vol. IV. Scenes from some Theban Tombs

Scenes from Some Theban Tombs

Scenes from Some Theban Tombs

Syrians as Pictured in the Paintings of the Theban Tombs

The paintings upon the walls of the New Kingdom tombs at Thebes constitute the principal source for our knowledge of the appearance of the inhabitants of Palestine, Syria, and the upper Euphrates during the second half of the second millennium B. C. Well over two hundred individual figures on these paintings from twenty-one of the numbered tombs 1 are sufficiently preserved to serve as evidence for the appearance of the foreign peoples to the northeast of Egypt. The dates of the tombs, covering roughly a century and a half, can usually be fixed approximately within the reign of a king, or in a few cases to the reign of two kings.2 The importance of these paintings for a knowledge of the appearance of Asiatics was emphasized by W. M1ax Miiller as early as 1893.3 Later Miiller undertook to copy and to study in more detail some of the more important paintings.4 A more thorough attempt to record photographically the evidence of the Theban tombs was made by the so-called Eduard Meyer Fremdvolker-Expedition, under the direction of Max Burchardt and Friedrich Koch during the winter of 1912-13.5 Photo-

Mr. Alfred Lucas, O.B.E.*

'BENCH-MARKS' established by Lucas are to be found in such various fields as the study of ancient and modern Egyptian materials and industries, the soils and waters of the Nile, the preservation and reconstruction of Tutankhamun's treasures, trials and courts-martial, and the route of the Exodus. He was a pioneer of modern science in Egypt, alert and precise, applying the severe discipline and manipulative skill of analytical chemistry with so deep a comprehension of essentials that he was neither dilettante nor don. Kindly to ignorance but merciless to fraud, he made even his smallest contributions into facts of historical importance for students of the many subjects which he illuminated. His encyclopædic local knowledge was conspicuously useful to England on the Scientific Advisory Committee to G.H.Q., M.E.F., especially during 1940-42, when Service supplies had often to be improvised locally. At the age of seventy-eight, while about to attend a commission on the state of the Theban tombs, he died in Luxor on December 10.

Harvest Rites in a Theban Tomb

Harvest Rites in a Theban Tomb

Harvest Rites in a Theban Tomb

Harvest Rites in a Theban Tomb

The Pig in Ancient Egypt: A Commentary on Two Passages of Herodotus

The tomb-scenes of Egypt of all periods are particularly rich in pictures of various phases of agricultural life: so complete is our material that it is possible to reconstruct every episode of the farmer's year. The newly sown seed was turned into the ground by various methods, sometimes by means of the hoe and human labour, sometimes by means of the plough drawn by oxen, and sometimes, again, it was trodden in by animals. From Herodotus' statement, it might appear that the only method of treading-in corn was by means of swine, but actually this method is very rarely met with. So far as I know, there is no instance of this procedure earlier than the eighteenth dynasty. In two Theban tombs (Nos. 24 and 146), each of which belonged to a different person bearing the name Nebamun, amongst the agricultural scenes, pigs are seen following the sower to tread in the grain. Both these tombs date from the reign of Tuthmosis III.

The Tomb of Huy, Viceroy of Nubia in the Reign of Tut'Ankhamūn. (No. 40.) (The Theban Tombs Series.)

The Tomb of Huy, Viceroy of Nubia in the Reign of Tut'Ankhamūn. (No. 40.) (The Theban Tombs Series.)

The Representation of Shawls with a Rippled Stripe in the Theban Tombs

The Representation of Shawls with a Rippled Stripe in the Theban Tombs

The Representation of the Shawls with a Rippled Stripe in the Theban Tombs

The Representation of the Shawls with a Rippled Stripe in the Theban Tombs

The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I, and his Wife, Senet. (The Theban Tombs Series: Second Memoir.) By N. de Garis Davies, M.A., with a chapter by Alan H. Gardiner, D.Litt. Illustrated by 6 plates in colour by Nina de G. Davies, and by 42 plates in line and collotype. Egypt Exploration Society. 10 × 13. London: George Allen

The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I, and his Wife, Senet. (The Theban Tombs Series: Second Memoir.) By N. de Garis Davies, M.A., with a chapter by Alan H. Gardiner, D.Litt. Illustrated by 6 plates in colour by Nina de G. Davies, and by 42 plates in line and collotype. Egypt Exploration Society. 10 × 13. London: George Allen

(1) The Tomb of Amenemhet (2) The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I, and of his Wife, Senet

THE importance of the series of painted tombs at Thebes for the history of civilisation is at last being adequately met by publication. A “Theban Tombs Series” has been started by Mr. Davies and Dr. Gardiner with the scrupulously accurate copies by Mrs. Davies. The style is adequate to every requirement, without the fastu-osity of luxurious book-making. The pictures of an age that overlaps the most brilliant civilisation of prehistoric Europe, about 1500—1200 B.C., are worthy of the fullest record that can be made. (1) The Tomb of Amenemhet. (No. 82.) Copied in line and colour by Nina de Garis Davies., and with explanatory text by Dr. Alan H. Gardiner. (The Theban Tombs Series. First and Introductory Memoir.) Pp. vii + 132 + xlvi plates. (Published under the auspices of the Egypt Exploration Fund.) (London: George Allen and Unwin, Ltd., 1915.) 2 guineas net. (2) The Tomb of Antefoker, Vizier of Sesostris I., and of his Wife, Senet. (No. 60.) By N. de Garis Davies. With a chapter by Dr. Alan H. Gardiner. (The Theban Tombs Series. Second Memoir.) Pp. iii + 40 + xlviii plates. (London: George Allen and Unwin, Ltd., 1920.) 2 guineas net.