Texture Descriptors Research Articles

Hybrid Statistical-Textural and Intensity Feature-Based Approach for Accurate Discrimination of Retinal Diseases

Retinal imaging features such as fundus lesions are crucial signs of several ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The early and accurate detection of the aforementioned abnormalities is essential for correct diagnosis and therapeutic management. In this study, we propose a new hybrid statistical-textural and intensity feature-based method for the improvement of the discrimination between retinal diseases with machine learning classifiers. By incorporating statistical texture analysis to measure changes in pixel intensity, this method not only extracts features based on intensities of fundus images but also serves as the comparison tool for a complete evaluation of the retina. A robust feature set is developed by merging intensity-based features with several texture descriptors including GLCM, LBP etc. We extract these features and then use them to train and test the performance of a number of classifiers, such as Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Random Forests for more accurate detection. Experiments have been conducted on a public dataset of retinal images and with the support vector machine classifier, encouraging results compared to purely texture-based or intensity-based methods in terms of classification accuracy are obtained. The overall findings of this study underscore the promise of integrating both statistical-textural and intensity features for improved retinal disease detection process, which will serve as an important stepping stone for future investigations and production of automated screening tools in retinal. The method also holds potential to enable early intervention in the development of vision-related diseases and, ultimately, decrease their impact.

로맨스 웹툰 배경의 시각적 특징 연구 - 네이버 웹툰 로맨스 장르 상위 5편을 중심으로

Romance webtoons are digital-based picture stories with the theme of love, showing webtoon's unique characteristics such as vertical screens, cuts, and blank spaces, while also maintaining the visual elements and expression techniques of existing romantic comics. Here, we looked at the background of romance webtoons by dividing them into shape, color, and texture. Here, we looked at the background of romance webtoons by dividing them into shape, color, and texture. Forms can be divided into spatial reproduction and backgrounds other than spatial reproduction, and spatial reproduction backgrounds (place setting, spatial background) were used in more than 70% of the total backgrounds. This means that the spatial background in which the characters will be placed is essential for the development of the play. Next, the decorative background adjusts the atmosphere of the play by emphasizing the characters' emotions (joy, sadness, surprise, etc.) with colors and patterns, and the text assists the development of the play through narration and monologue, with no background, close-ups, etc. It was confirmed that objects, etc., bring visual evocation in the middle of the unfolding play through their respective visual characteristics. Color controls the overall mood and tone of the work. There is a tendency to lower saturation and brightness to differentiate between characters and background and to highlight the characters, creating a unique atmosphere depending on the work. Compared to shape and color, there is not much description of texture.

A novel texture descriptor Octagonal-based Directional Distance Local Binary Pattern (ODLBP) for image classification

A novel texture descriptor Octagonal-based Directional Distance Local Binary Pattern (ODLBP) for image classification

Compressed Hexagonal Local Binary Pattern Using Cyclic Sets for Texture Description

Compressed Hexagonal Local Binary Pattern Using Cyclic Sets for Texture Description

A new texture descriptor for handwritten document writer identification

<p class="p1">Writer identification is a critical task in the realm of pattern classification, aimed at determining the authorship of a manuscript based on labeled handwriting sam- ples. This area has <span class="s1">g</span>arnered considerable attention from researchers and has seen significant ad<span class="s2">v</span>ancements in the last t<span class="s1">w</span>o decade<span class="s1">s</span>, propelled by the inte- gration of n<span class="s1">ov</span>el computer vision and machine learning algorithms. Commonl<span class="s3">y</span>, approaches within this fi<span class="s4">e</span>ld rely on calculating local t<span class="s1">e</span>xture descriptors of im- ages. In this <span class="s1">w</span>ork, we propose a n<span class="s1">ov</span>el local t<span class="s1">e</span>xture descriptor method, termed multi-points local binary patterns (MP-LBP), which is an enhancement of the traditional local binary patterns (LBP) descripto<span class="s5">r</span>. Our approach i<span class="s6">n</span><span class="s2">v</span>ol<span class="s1">v</span>es apply- ing the M<span class="s1">P</span>-LBP descriptor to patches surrounding Harris <span class="s1">ke</span>y points and aggre- <span class="s1">g</span>ating the image descriptors into encoded <span class="s1">v</span>ectors using the <span class="s1">v</span>ector of locally ag- gr<span class="s1">eg</span>ated descriptors (VLAD) encoding method. These <span class="s1">v</span>ectors are subsequently classified by a ball tree classifier to associate the document with the most plau- sible write<span class="s5">r</span>. <span class="s7">T</span>o assess the effica<span class="s1">c</span>y of our descripto<span class="s6">r</span>, we conducted <span class="s2">ev</span>aluations on fi<span class="s8">v</span>e publicly accessible handwritten databases: CVL, CE<span class="s6">R</span>UG-EN, CE<span class="s6">R</span>UG- CH, BFL, and IAM. The results of these tests pr<span class="s1">o</span>vide insights into the perfo<span class="s2">r</span>- mance of the MP-LBP descriptor in the cont<span class="s1">e</span>xt of writer identification.</p><p> </p>

Experiencing School Leadership A Phenomenological Study of the Mental Models of Secondary School Principals in Karachi

School leadership has been studied extensively in recent decades. There is, however, a lack of research on the mental models of school leadership, particularly in the context of a developing country like Pakistan. In this qualitative phenomenological study, we explored the mental models of school leadership among 14 secondary school principals working in the private sector in Karachi, Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. A step-by-step phenomenological data analysis was conducted, incorporating processes such as epoché, horizonalization, thematic portrayal, textural description, structural description and textural-structural synthesis. The study revealed seven major themes: enormous responsibility, sacred work, change is indispensable, troubling experiences with teachers and parents, principals as leaders in multiple roles, support needed from staff and parents, and challenging areas of school management. Recommendations of the study were – but not limited to – that school principals should reflect on their thinking, views, beliefs and assumptions related to school leadership to see how their mental models are affecting their leadership practices either positively or negatively.

Plaid fabric image retrieval based on hand-crafted features and relevant feedback

Plaid fabric image retrieval based on hand-crafted features and relevant feedback

Dental professionals as clinical educators: A transcendental inquiry into training needs.

Clinical instructors are responsible for educating dental hygiene students in the patient care environment. While these instructors have experience in the dental field, they often do not have pedagogical training, or a background, related to education. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of dental professionals who transitioned from clinical practitioners to clinical instructors at one US dental hygiene program in 2022. As the theoretical underpinning for this study, andragogy offered a lens through which to tailor the creation of training opportunities distinctive to the needs of adult learners. The central research question for this study was, "What are the experiences of dentists and dental hygienists who have transitioned from clinical practice to the role of clinical instructors?" The subquestions guiding this study were "What forms of education, professional development, or support are necessary to help guide the transition from healthcare professional to clinical instructor?" and "How can this education, professional development, or support be delivered to clinical instructors in a way that meets their needs as adult learners?" A transcendental phenomenological approach enabled a deeper understanding of participants' experiences and their thought processes as they transitioned from clinical practitioners to their roles as clinical instructors. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit dentists and dental hygienists who served as clinical instructors in a dental hygiene program at a midwestern public university. Data collection was triangulated using individual interviews, photograph journals, and a virtual focus group. Data analysis was conducted using epoché, phenomenological reduction, imaginative variance, and synthesis of the structural and textural descriptions gathered during data collection. A total of 13 clinical faculty members participated in all three parts of the study. Five themes were derived from the data collection: life responsibilities, challenges faced, training received, training needed, and training delivery preferences. These themes helped to create an understanding of the phenomena of transitioning from clinical practitioner to clinical instructor as the participants experienced it in addition to training delivery preferences. The study's findings highlighted the importance of training dentists and dental hygienists to become clinical instructors while using andragogical principles. IRB approval: This project received Institutional Review Board (IRB) exemption from Liberty University (IRB-FY22-23-285).

Structural and Textural Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash Subjected to Periodic Seasoning

The objective of this study was to determine the structural and textural description of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash that was subjected to a six-month seasoning process. Bottom ash samples, with a particle size fraction of 0.063–0.1 mm, were seasoned in a closed landfill and collected for laboratory analyses at monthly intervals. The research focused on determining the structural parameters, using methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and the textural parameters, using low-pressure nitrogen adsorption (LPNA) at −196.15 °C. The analyses of the porous structure of the bottom ash samples revealed differences in texture of ASH 1 to ASH 6, specifically in the pore volume (micro- and mesopores), specific surface area, and pore size distribution. Changes in the structural and porous characteristics of the samples were attributed to the duration of the seasoning process. The results of the structural analysis of the bottom ash suggest its application in the concrete industry, potentially enhancing the long-term mechanical strength of concrete. The results of the textural analysis indicate the possible use of MSWI bottom ash in environmental applications, as the internal surface area could be further developed.

Fake face detection with densenet and texture descriptor

Abstract Deep generative models, notably Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have the capability to generate highly authentic facial images that can mislead human visual perception. In contrast, deep discriminative networks, exemplified by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), demonstrate superior performance in distinguishing between authentic and synthetic images. In the present study, we introduce an algorithm for the identification of synthetic faces, which integrates comprehensive global characteristics with a dense neural network framework. Our methodology entails the initial extraction of comprehensive texture features from facial images, subsequent to which classification is conducted employing the DenseNet architecture. The empirical findings corroborate the efficacy of our proposed approach, indicating its robust performance on the given dataset, as well as its enhanced capability for generalized detection of fabricated faces produced by novel GAN architectures not encountered previously.

Visual Aspect of the Poetics of the I. A. Bunin’s Novel “Arseniev’s Life”

The article examines the visual aspect of the poetics of I. A. Bunin’s novel “Arsenyev’s Life.” The leading visual form in the book is literary pictorialism, i.e., a way of modeling the artistic world in which the phenomena and events of reality are presented based on the pictorial principles of image creation. The pictorial text has a number of features resembling a painting: static nature, stipulated by the predominant use of the present tense, accentuated forms, colorful descriptions, and a special composition. Bunin’s gift of painting is realized in generous description of textures and colors, in the accuracy of details, in the ability to capture memories in vivid landscape, subject, and portrait images. Along with literary pictorialism, Bunin resorts to ecphrasis, focusing mainly on photographs and family portraits. Thus, the past, including with the support of ecphrasis, manifests not only through paintings, but also through faces. The verbal icon is designed to visually enhance and accentuate the plot of the hero’s entry into the world of Orthodox religiosity. At the same time, the paintings on which the narrator’s gaze rests are combined with cinematic writing — a dynamic stream of frames perceived by consciousness and vision and recreated with the help of editing. This is how the course of life is modeled in the “incongruity and inseparability” of dynamics and stopped moments. Thus, the visual forms of the artistic world’s unfolding in the novel are presented systematically and in a branched manner. They can be attributed to those factors that form Bunin’s distinct organic writing style, when questions of ontology are posed and resolved at the stylistic level, at the level of the images of the surrounding world that manifest themselves here and now.

Modified U-Net and Convolutional Networks for Breast Cancer Segmentation and Classification with New Texture Descriptors

Effective techniques for detection and classification are necessary to enhance the results of patients with common fatal diseases like breast cancer. With benefits including increased effectiveness and precision, DL and ML methods are currently being used as effective tools in the breast cancer diagnosis process. However, the efficiency and stability constraints of current approaches highlight the necessity for additional study. Therefore, this work suggested a new model of modified U-Net and convolutional networks for Breast Cancer (BC) segmentation and classification with new texture descriptors and the proposed model is named “U-TexBCNet”. First, mammography images are preprocessed by enhancing the image using the CLAHE filter and after inputting the preprocessed image into the modified U-Net-based segmentation for the segmentation process, the modified U-Net segmentation is named as “HexpNet”. Once the segmentation process is completed, the feature extraction process takes place. Here, the features include shape feature, color feature, VGG-16 feature, Inception V3 feature, GoogLeNet and modified LGTP feature extracted from the segmented image. Then, the extracted features are inputted into the hybrid classification model including modified CNN and LSTM. Lastly, the outcome from the classifiers (Modified CNN and LSTM) is averaged together to get the outcome of the proposed model. Ultimately, the results of the simulation are evaluated using both positive and negative criteria by contrasting them with the conventional models.

How do consumers discuss the texture of frozen blueberries? An investigation using word association, hedonic scales and rate-all-that-apply.

Flavour, texture, and extended shelf life are key quality traits for blueberries. Studies have used trained panelists and texture analysers to evaluate frozen blueberries. However, more studies are needed to investigate consumer perception and acceptance of frozen blueberries' texture. This study used word association, hedonic scales, and rate-all-that-apply to evaluate how consumers perceive the texture of frozen blueberries. Consumers were interested in the firmness of frozen blueberries, as well as crunchiness, softness, juiciness, and smoothness. They also identified the textural descriptors mushy, tough, chewy, squishy, and mealy. The participants separated the wild blueberries from the cultivated blueberries when evaluating their liking. Textural attributes were correlated with the consumers' overall liking (juicy, firm, crunchy, smooth positively and mushy, tough, squishy negatively). This study identified which textural attributes influence consumers' liking of frozen blueberries. Consumers preferred frozen blueberries that were firm, juicy and crunchy. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Texture Analysis and Classification using Local Binary Patterns and Statistical Features

Texture analysis and classification are crucial in many applications such as medical applications, satellite imagery analysis, and so on. This paper presents a new technique that incorporates the LBP with the HOG to improve the texture analysis and classification. LBP is famous for finding out the local texture descriptors by comparing the pixel intensities it deals with and can challenge light variations and image transformations. On the other hand, there is HOG which emphasizes edge and gradient information to detect the orientation and shape of a texture in a given image. While LBP describes the local micro-patterns HOG gives the perspective of the global gradient orientation. The combined use of local and global texture information is helpful in the presented problem when prioritizing the recognition of complex texture patterns that cannot be deciphered by a single algorithm. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed hybrid method, several experiments are performed on several texture databases. According to the findings, the proposed LBP-HOG strategy proves more beneficial than basic LBP and HOG techniques concerning the classification rate and computing time. The combination method shows improved performance in terms of agreement with the reference of fine and coarse level of texture descriptions along with providing large-scale description of the texture which results in the improved discriminatory power of the texture classes.

Research on rapid prediction method of laser cladding deposited layer state based on molten pool texture sequence

Research on rapid prediction method of laser cladding deposited layer state based on molten pool texture sequence

Fingerphoto morphing attack generation using texture descriptors based landmarks

Smartphone-based biometric authentication has been widely used in various applications. Among several biometric characteristics, fingerphoto biometrics captured from smartphones are gaining popularity owing to their usability, scalability across different smartphones, and reliable verification. However, fingerphoto verification systems are vulnerable to both direct and indirect attacks. In this work, we propose a novel method to generate morphing attacks on fingerphoto biometrics captured using smartphones. We introduce three different image-level fingerphoto morphing attack generation algorithms that can generate high-quality fingerphoto morphing images with minimum distortions. Extensive experiments were conducted on two datasets captured using different smartphones under various environmental conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed morphing algorithms are highly vulnerable to commercial off-the-shelf and block-directional fingerprint verification systems. To effectively detect morphing attacks on fingerphoto biometrics, we propose the use of fingerphoto morphing attack detection algorithms that utilize both handcrafted and deep features. However, our detection results showed a high error rate in accurately detecting these types of attacks.

KOMUNIKASI NONVERBAL PADA TARI MANDAU SUKU DAYAK KALIMANTAN TENGAH

Abstract The purpose of the study of Nonverbal Communication in Mandau Dance of the Dayak tribe of Central Kalimantan is to understand non-verbal communication in Mandau dance of the Dayak tribe of Central Kalimantan seen from the Lasswell communication model and to find out students' understanding of non-verbal messages in Mandau dance of the Dayak tribe of Central Kalimantan. The research approach used is qualitative research with the type of phenomenology. The research instruments used interviews and documentation. The interview instrument used Laswell's communication theory. The analysis was carried out by a) procedure stage; b) Horizonalisation procedure; and c) Cluster of Meaning procedure (textural description, structural description, essence description stage; and report. The data validity test in this study was carried out by testing credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Based on the results of the research, non-verbal communication in the Mandau dance of the Dayak tribe of Central Kalimantan is seen from the Lasswell communication model. Laswell's communication aspects: (a) Who: dancers; (b) Says What: conveys messages of spirituality, courage, or balance; (c) Through What Channel (In What Channel): in mandua dance; (d) To Whom: mandau dance audience; and (e) With What Effect: allows the audience to absorb and reflect on the messages conveyed and apply an attitude of courage and perseverance. Students' understanding of non-verbal messages in the Mandau dance of the Central Kalimantan Dayak tribe is very good because students understand that the mandau dance is not just a beautiful movement. However, there is a moral message in it.

Konsep Diri Jurnalis Perempuan (Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pengalaman Traumatik Jurnalis Perempuan Saat Menjalankan Profesinya)

This research aims to understand how female journalists develop their self-concept after experiencing traumatic events while performing their professional duties. Traumatic experiences include incidents such as invasion of privacy, sexual violence, terror, destruction threats, and verbal abuse. The phenomenon examined in this research is the impact of this experience on self-concept and the actions taken to restore the psychological condition of female journalists. A qualitative approach with phenomenological methods and symbolic interaction theory was employed. In this research, researchers involved 5 (five) female journalist informants using snowball sampling techniques. The finding reveal a variety of responses among female journalists, ranging from self-blame and doubt to positive self-concepts achieved by establishing personal boundaries. The essence of female journalists' responses to traumatic experiences obtained from structural descriptions extracted from narrative textural descriptions resulting from participant interviews is that even though they are faced with challenges and trauma, female journalists show resilience, determination, and a willingness to learn and grow from their experiences. which impacts their affirmation of their profession and personal well-being. This research contributes to the literature by providing a new perspective on the psychological dynamics and professionalism of female journalists in a local context. Apart from that, this research also has practical implications for media organization and government policies regarding the protection of female journalists and support for female journalists in various concrete forms.

Geology and characteristics of petrographic rocks in the region of Trepça, Kosovo

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to accomplish a thorough identification of rock types occurring within the Mitrovica region by describing in detail all encountered varieties. The authors aim to determine the discontinuity or continuity of all inter-formational boundaries, crucial for accurate delineation on the ground and complete reflection on a 1:25000 scale map. Additionally, the objective is to identify the nature of contact between rock types and provide a detailed their description. Methods. Field exploration in the Mitrovica region was conducted for several months. Rock identification involved detailed sampling and petrographic analysis, including thin section preparation of magmatic rocks. The method included sample preparation, polarized light source interactions with minerals and observation of optical properties. Key properties observed are birefringence, interference colors, extinction angles, identification and analysis. Findings. Based on the study of stratigraphic units and geological descriptions of mineral outcrop areas, various types of rocks through petrographic microscope preparation, as well as chemical and geochemical analyses, have been differentiated. The Mitrovica area encompasses the following lithostratigraphic units: harzburgite, gabbro, diabase, metasandstone, sandstone, quartzite and grainstone with calcium (Aeolisaccus sp.; Bioclastic grainstone with dacycladal algae and small milliolides; Salpin-goporella sp.). Originality. The originality of the research lies in employing an optical microscope for the precise identification of rocks. Through the re-search carried out in the study area, we obtained a comprehensive petrographic description of mineral composition, texture, and mineralization, facilitating the assessment of the area exploitation potential. Practical implications. The petrographic exploration yielded the conclusion that the Pb-Zn mineralization is present in the study area, which is a sig-nificant finding for the advancement of the mining sector and the local community, provided that environmental preservation measures are upheld and responsible methods of area exploitation are implemented.

Robust Hybrid Texture Descriptor (HTD) and a parallel score based fusion for face verification and liveness detection system

Robust Hybrid Texture Descriptor (HTD) and a parallel score based fusion for face verification and liveness detection system