Textile Materials Research Articles

Qualitative Analysis Methodology for Operating Properties of Polymer Textile Materials

Qualitative Analysis Methodology for Operating Properties of Polymer Textile Materials

Rapid Antibacterial Assessments for Plastic and Textile Materials Against Escherichia coli

Background: Standard test methods for evaluating the antibacterial performance of plastic (non-porous) and textile (porous) materials are accurate and reliable, but completing a standard assessment generally requires at least several days to a week. Well-trained and experienced technicians are also required to conduct the standard tests consistently and analyse the samples and test results systemically. These costs are often not favourable for the performance assurance of antimicrobial products in industrial production, nor for meeting the fast-return demands in research and development of antimicrobial materials nowadays. Methods: In this study, “Rapid Tests” are developed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of plastic and textile materials. Results: The assessment results from Rapid Tests for plastics and textiles are highly correlated to those from the ISO 22196 and the AATCC Test Method 100, respectively, whereas the evaluation operation can be completed within one day. Based on bioluminescence technology, colony-forming units of E. coli from the inoculated specimens are determined via luminometry. Antibacterial efficacy of the treated plastic and textile samples can be examined effectively. Conclusions: By analysing antimicrobial artificial leather samples composed of hydrophilic polyurethane polymer using Rapid Tests for plastics and textiles, the applicability and scope of these tests were remarkedly recognised and verified.

Army Ant Nest Inspired Adaptive Textile for Smart Thermal Regulation and Healthcare Monitoring.

A textile material that can dynamically adapt to different environments while serving as an immediate alert system for early detection of life-threatening factors in the surroundings, not only enhances the individual's health management but also contributes to a reduction in energy consumption for space cooling and/or heating. In nature, different species have their own adaptation system to ambient temperature. Inspired by the army ant nest, herein a thermal adaptive textile known as Army ant Nest Textile (ANT) for thermal management and health monitoring is reported. This textile can promptly respond to perspiration, rapidly absorb sweat, and then transform its architecture to facilitate heat dissipation. Simultaneously, the colorimetric sensing function of ANT allows it to emulate the "site migration" behavior of the army ant nest, which empowers individuals to expeditiously identify multiple health-related signals such as body temperature, UV radiation, and sweat pH values, and warn them to move to a secure environment, thereby effectively reducing the likelihood of physical harm. Together with its excellent scalability and biocompatibility, the ANT offers a promising direction for the development of next-generation smart e-textiles for personal thermal and healthcare management, while satisfying the growing demand for energy saving.

Enhancing flame retardancy, antibacterial activity and UV resistance of polyamide 66 fabric by fully biobased intumescent flame-retardant nanocellulose coating.

Polyamide 66 (PA66) fabric, one of the most common textile materials, presents great fire hazards to human safety and property due to its intrinsic flammability. In this study, fully biobased intumescent flame-retardants (IFRs) composed of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), tannic acid (TA) and phytic acid (PA) were synthesized and coated onto the surface of the PA66 fabric for improving the flame retardancy, antibacterial and UV resistance. It is found that IFR coating effectively suppressed the droplet and smoke phenomenon of PA66 fabric, and the total smoke production (TSP) and smoke production rate (SPR) values of the fabric were significantly reduced by 71.0% and 36.7%, respectively. The synergistic effect of condensed phase and gas phase flame retardancy could be responsible for the remarkable improvement in the flame-retardant property of the treated PA66 fabric (PA66/IFR). Owing to the TA in the IFR coating, PA66/IFR3 fabric showed obvious antibacterial activity and UV resistance. Furthermore, the PA66/IFR3 fabric retained adequate mechanical properties and maintains satisfactory air permeability. This study provides a green and convenient solution for developing multifunctional PA66 fabrics to meet diversified demands.

Review of Heat and Moisture Transfer Models of Fire-Protective Clothing

This paper presents a comprehensive review of previously published research on heat and moisture transfer models applied to fire-protective clothing, which is crucial for ensuring firefighter safety and comfort. By analysing experimental data and numerical simulations from various studies, this review paper tries to explore the intricate interactions between heat, moisture and textile materials. It provides insight into the performance and design optimisation of such clothing, elucidating the dynamic behaviour of heat and moisture transfer within fabric layers. The research results offer valuable guidelines for enhancing protective efficacy while maintaining wearer comfort. This review advances our understanding of fire-protective clothing and lays the groundwork for future innovations in firefighting gear design and material selection.

Synthesis and characterization of selenium nanoparticles stabilized with oxyethylated alkylphenol (neonol) for potential modification of fabric materials.

This work demonstrates the first time synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) stabilized with neonol. The synthesis method was optimized using a multifactorial experiment with three input parameters. The most stable sample had a radius of 15 nm and a ζ-potential of -36.76 mV. It was found that the optimal parameters for the synthesis of Se NPs stabilized with neonol are the following concentration values: 0.12 mol/L selenic acid, 0.095 mol/L neonol and 0.95 mol/L ascorbic acid. Quantum chemical modeling of Se-neonol molecular complex formation showed that interaction of Se with neonol occurs through a hydroxyl group. Difference in the total energy of the neonol molecule and Se-neonol molecular complex is more than 2399 kcal/mol, which indicates that formation of chemical bond between Se and neonol is energetically advantageous. It was found that all samples exhibit stability over the entire pH range from 1.81 to 11.98, and the particle size is in the range of 25-30 nm. The analysis of the study of the influence of the ionic force showed that cations do not significantly affect the Se NPs radius, but anions have a significant effect, increasing the average hydrodynamic radius up to 2750 nm. For modification with Se NPs, silk, gauze, wool, cotton and cardboard samples were used. Elemental mapping of the samples showed an ambiguous distribution of Se NPs over the surface of fabric material. Assessment of potential antibacterial activity of modified fabric materials revealed inhibition zones of Micrococcus luteus growth from 12 to 16 mm for silk, gauze, wool and cotton. Notably, the most intense inhibition of Micrococcus luteus was observed in wool treated be Se NPs stabilized with neonol. Cardboard did not express Micrococcus luteus growth inhibition action because of weak interaction of cellulose filaments with Se NPs and neonol and possible microbial digestion of cellulose and xylan.

Computer Prediction and Systems Analysis of Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Computer Prediction and Systems Analysis of Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Flat-Knitted Double-Tube Structure Capacitive Pressure Sensors Integrated into Fingertips of Fully Fashioned Glove Intended for Therapeutic Use

A therapeutic glove, which enables medical non-professionals to perform physiotherapeutic gripping and holding movements on patients, would significantly improve the healthcare situation in physiotherapy. The glove aims to detect the orthogonal pressure load and provide feedback to the user. The use of textile materials for the glove assures comfort and a good fit for the user. This, in turn, implies a textile realization of the sensor system in order to manufacture both the glove and the sensor system in as few process steps as possible, using only one textile manufacturing technique. The flat knitting technology is an obvious choice here. The aim of the study is to develop a textile capacitive pressure sensor that can be integrated into the fingertips of a glove using flat knitting technology and to evaluate its sensor properties with regard to transmission behavior, hysteresis and drift. It was shown that the proposed method of a flat knitting sensor fabrication is suitable for producing both the sensors and the glove in one single process step. In addition, the implementation of an entire glove with integrated pressure sensors, including the necessary electrical connection of the sensor electrodes via knitted conductive paths in three fingers, was successfully demonstrated.

Evidence of the use of silk by bronze age civilization for sacrificial purposes in the Yangtze River basin of China

Silk was the driving force behind the opening of the Silk Road, positioning this material as a global commodity that greatly influenced the progress of human civilization. Due to the natural protein properties of silk, the internal structure and external characteristics of silk cultural relics are irreversibly destroyed during the process of burial or when passed down through the generations until the production information and material components completely disappear, making it difficult to obtain direct archaeological evidence for pinpointing the origin of silk. The sacrificial pits at the Sanxingdui archaeologcal site, located in Guanghan, Sichuan, China, have been found with layers of ash above the layers of artifacts and some bronzes with fabric traces. Among the artifacts, one grid-like ware artifact first appeared in the Bronze Age in China. The two sides of the grid-like ware were grid-like ovals made of bronze material, and inside, there was an oval-shaped complete piece of jade with a bent back. Fabric traces were found on both the jade and bronze surfaces. In order to determine the specific function of fabric at this site, the developed silk fibroin immunoaffinity column (IAC) enrichment technique combined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), morphology observation and proteomics were used to identify mineralized fabric material and fabric residues in the ash layer. Silk residues were successfully detected, which confirmed the early use of silk as a material carrier to communicate between Heaven and Earth and provided archaeological evidence for the cultural origins of silk.

Prediction of Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Prediction of Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Development of Qualitative Analytical Methods for the Performance of Aramid Textile Materials

Development of Qualitative Analytical Methods for the Performance of Aramid Textile Materials

Modeling and Prediction of Relaxation-Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Modeling and Prediction of Relaxation-Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Development of Digital Prediction Methods for Viscoelastic Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Development of Digital Prediction Methods for Viscoelastic Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Methodology for Qualitative Evaluation of the Operating Properties of Polymer Textile Materials

Methodology for Qualitative Evaluation of the Operating Properties of Polymer Textile Materials

Fluid Imbibing Super Absorbent Textiles for Comfort Wear Performance

Textile is a basic human need, it not only provides the aesthetic appeal but also imparts necessary sweat absorption and relevant functional effects. The textile material is widely used for various hygiene and comfort wear applications where the absorption as well as leak proof retention of various body fluids is an essential parameter. This effect is achieved when the textile material is treated with suitable super absorbent chemicals. Superabsorbent finishes are polymeric coatings that significantly enhance the liquid absorption capacity of textile substrates. Known as superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), these materials can be natural, synthetic, or hybrid, characterized by their high degree of cross-linking and three-dimensional network structure. Capable of absorbing up to 100,000% of their weight in water, SAPs form stable hydrogels due to their hydrophilic groups. These properties make them suitable for diverse applications, including hygiene products, water purification, horticulture, and pharmaceuticals. In the past few decades, super absorbent polymers and fibres have found a lot of applications, especially in the field of textiles. This report briefly discusses the various application fields of SAP in textiles. With applications in hygiene products, medical textiles, protective apparel, automotive textiles, and geotextiles, the study explores how SAPs are incorporated into textile fibres (SAFs) to improve moisture absorption and management. Lastly, a comprehensive outlook for the future is given, highlighting encouraging prospects in SAP-based textile research and industry.

Viscoelastic-Plastic and Elastic Components of Mechanical Work of Deformation of Polymer Textile Materials

Viscoelastic-Plastic and Elastic Components of Mechanical Work of Deformation of Polymer Textile Materials

Effect of Textile Materials Blend Composition on Duration and Continuity of Manufacturing Process at its Organizational Preparation Stage

Effect of Textile Materials Blend Composition on Duration and Continuity of Manufacturing Process at its Organizational Preparation Stage

Methods for Checking the Reliability of Mathematical Models for Describing Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Methods for Checking the Reliability of Mathematical Models for Describing Deformation Processes of Polymer Textile Materials

Versions of Mutual Reversibility of Integral Cores of Relaxation and Creep of Polymer Textile Materials

Versions of Mutual Reversibility of Integral Cores of Relaxation and Creep of Polymer Textile Materials

Improving the Competitiveness of Polymer Textile Materials Based on Digital Prediction of their Deformation Properties

Improving the Competitiveness of Polymer Textile Materials Based on Digital Prediction of their Deformation Properties