Textile Hand Research Articles

Experimental Study of the Comfort Properties of Knitted Fabrics and their Joined Elements

Assuring the comfort of the human body is one of the most important functions of sportswear and leisure wear. Knitted fabrics should have high air permeability for easily transmit of the perspiration from the skin to the atmosphere as well as to feature with good hand thus making the wearer to feel comfortable. In this research, both hand and air permeability of eight commercially available polyester knitted fabrics and their adhesive bonds were investigated. There was shown that textile structure and adhesive bonds make the significant influence on textile hand and permeability to air making them being worse.

Role of Traditional Textile Hand Prints of Barmer in Employment Generation

India has a long tradition of textile especially hand woven and hand spun textiles. Textiles stand next to agriculture as an income generation activity for most of the rural population. India has been renowned for its printed cotton clothes since the 12 Century and creative processes flourished as the fabric received royal patronage. Different styles of design have been evolved in difference part of Country and District Barmer in Rajasthan is famous for its bold and vibrant motifs know by the name of ‘Barmer hand prints’. The colors mainly used in Barmer hand prints are red, blue and maroon and motifs are mainly floral and geometrical. Hand Block Printing is such an art which can be used for making every design, every piece of cloth unique and different from others, which could never be possible by using automated machinery wherein 100s of meters of fabric would come out in the same design and color. The present study was conducted to find out about the financial setup, employment pattern generated by traditional textile hand printing. A sample size of 40 units was selected randomly and study was carried out with the help of survey and observation method. Pre-testing was done with the help of 10% of the sample and then data collection was done after which raw data was coded, tabulated and statically analyzed. Study revealed that profession of printing was hereditary and carried out generation to generation from father to son. The units were Small scale units which did not require heavy investments and provide employment to many people. In Barmer hand printing units, the worker employed did not require higher qualification except skill and efficiency. Thus this traditional textile printing plays a vital role in providing employment at every level and to all age group people. In Barmer, women are also cooperating in maintaining and managing the units. Thus Barmer hand prints provides sustainable livelihood to many local families. It is the essence of India and the crafts that make India stand out in the world, one of the numerous arts and crafts that are slowly dyeing and so have to be renewed and brought back to life. The diversification of design in the handloom sector is the need of the hour.

The peculiarities of new textile hand evaluation method

The paper presents information concerning metrological and technical characteristics of KTU-Griff-Tester device, the optimization of its parameters and the cases of its application. It was defined that the behaviour of textile material during its extraction through a rounded hole depends upon its structure. Variations of geometrical shape of woven and knitted specimens can be described by mathematical expressions of shortened epicycloids and Cassini ovals. It is shown that waving process of disc shaped specimen can be predicted on the basis of the law of sine curve. The examples of textiles treatment with different types of commercial softeners are presented, herewith showing the suitability (sensitiveness) of the new device to detect the changes of textile hand. Meantime it is shown that the level of materials anisotropy can be decided on the basis of transformations of specimen’s geometrical shape.

The evaluation of fabric treatment by Griff tester and sensory analysis

PurposeThe aim of presented investigation was to test developed testing device Griff tester, created for the objective evaluation of textile hand and to compare the obtained data with sensory evaluation results of textiles, subjected to different final treatments.Design/methodology/approachThe effect of two finishing products, i.e. the crease‐resistant finishing Knittex® “K” and the softener macro silicone Ultratex® “Ul” upon 100 per cent cotton plain weave fabric was studied by two methods – objective evaluation and sensory analysis. Objective evaluation was done using Griff tester device where disc shaped specimen was extracted through a rounded hole of the stand. Sensory analysis was performed by the panel of 11 trained persons.FindingsInvestigations have shown that both treatments changed the hand of the fabric in the expected direction. Meantime, two experimental methods (objective and sensory approach) have shown their effectiveness to evaluate the textile touch, respectively.Practical implicationsThe obtained results proved that criterion Q can be used for sensitive and vivid detection of differences between fabrics, affected by different final treatment operations. The effects of finishing products' concentrations were found to be in accordance with the manufacturer's technical specifications and with the finishing industrialist's expectations.Originality/valueInvestigation results obtained by Griff tester revealed the possibility of fabric hand evaluation on the basis of one relative criterion Q. These results can be linked with some attribute issued of the sensory analysis applied to the characterisation of the tactile feeling.

ニューラルネットワークによる織物風合いの予測

In this paper, the method that applied the neural network to the prediction method of the hand value was proposed.The cotton fabrics which made the structure of the textile and density change were woven, and the hand value was predicted by the information of the their textile structures.Also, it was examined about the validity of the prediction method. The information about the their textile structures are data about the ups and downs of warp and density, they are input data for neural network. It could be predicted comparatively precisely as a result of predicting the textile hand value which wasn't being learned in the neural network.The results that the textile hand value which made only density change was predicted could be predicted comparatively precisely, too. In addition, the estimation accuracy of prediction method by neural network is higher than that of the method by multiple regression analysis.

Textile Hand: A New Method for Textile Objective Evaluation

The behaviour of a disc-shaped specimen of knitted fabric, which is pulled through a round hole, is described in the paper. Several pulling cases related to the boundary conditions of the specimen are analysed. Comparative analysis of these cases is performed on the basis of the specimen's behavioural features (the variation of its shape and level of wrinkling) and parameters of the pulling curve (path-resistance). The critical conditions of specimen-jamming in the stand hole or between the limiting plates are indicated. The differences between these cases are illustrated by theoretical calculations and experimental data. The results presented allow one to predict that such a method of textile investigation could be suitable for the objective evaluation of textile hand.

From fabric hand to thermal comfort: the evolving role of objective measurements in explaining human comfort response to textiles

This paper traces the evolution of objective measurement of textile hand and comfort from Pierce through modern methodology and approaches. Special emphasis is given to discuss the contribution of the Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) towards advancing the state of objective measurement. Laboratory case studies are used to show how data generated by the KES and other instruments can be integrated into a comprehensive approach that attempts to explain human comfort response to garment wear in terms of fabric mechanical, surface and heat and moisture transfer properties.

Evaluating Fluorinated Acrylic Latices as Textile Water and Oil Repellent Finishes

Three fluoropolymer latices, two of them commercially available and the third synthesized as a reference material, are applied by padding to wool, cotton, and polyester fabrics, and their performance is evaluated by means of technological standard test methods for water repellency, oil repellency, fabric hand, and mechanical properties. Surface modifications are further characterized by electron microscopy and less conventional techniques such as static and dynamic contact angle measurements, in order to assess the relevance of the surface composition and structure, at the microscopic level, for the observed properties of the fabric at the macroscopic level. The fluorinated coating does not significantly alter textile hand. Improved water and oil repellency, assessed by technological tests, generally correlate well to observed static and dynamic contact angle variations, although the latter are the result of a combination of contributions, including those deriving from composition and morphological heterogeneity of the surface exposed to wetting.

Flame resistant cotton fabrics prepared by radiation‐initiated polymerization with vinyl phosphonate oligomer and N‐methylolacrylamide

AbstractRadiation‐initiated polymerization of vinyl phosphonate oligomer (molecular weight 500–1000) and N‐methylolacrylamide from aqueous solutions was investigated with cotton printcloth, flanelette, and sateen fabrics and with cotton (50%)–polyester (50%) flannelette fabrics. Determinations were made of the effects of radiation dosage, mole ratio of vinyl phosphonate in the oligomer to N‐methylolacrylamide in aqueous solution, concentration of reactants, wet pickup of solutions on fabrics, and irradiation of both dry and wet fabrics on efficiency of conversion of oligomer and monomer in solution to polymer add‐on. The effects of vinyl phosphonate oligomer and N‐methylolacrylamide radiation‐initiated polymerization on some of the textile properties of cotton printcloth and on flame resistances of cotton and cotton–polyester fabrics were evaluated. The breaking strength of modified cotton printcloth was about the same as that of unmodified fabric; however, the tearing strength and flex abrasion resistance of modified fabric were reduced. The textile hand of the modified printcloth fabrics that had flame resistance indicated: interaction between cellulose and vinyl phosphonate oligomer–poly(N‐methylolacrylamide) and uniform deposition in the fibrous cross section (transmission electron microscopy); surface areas of heavy deposits of oligomer–polymer (scanning electron microscopy); and phosphorus located throughout the fibrous cross section (energy dispersive x‐ray analysis). Polymerization of vinyl phosphonate oligomer and N‐methylolacrylamide was radiation initiated with cotton–polyester fabric; however, this modified fabric did not have flame‐resistant properties.

The Casting of Surfaces for Textile Hand Block Printing

The Casting of Surfaces for Textile Hand Block Printing