Textile Dyeing Wastewater Research Articles

Decolorization of anthraquinone-based dye (Vat Brown R) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCH - Optimization and kinetic study

The objective of this research work is related to the fact that the source of isolation and acclimatization process influences the microorganism’s potential for the decolorization of various substances. Some of the widely used anthraquinone vat dyes decolorization by the pure bacterial strain is a significant aspect that will assist in the in-situ bioremediation of the ecosystem.The present study is to evaluate the enhanced decolorization of Vat Brown R by an isolated bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCH, from textile dye wastewater under aerobic conditions. The effect of pH, temperature, and inoculum size was optimized using response surface methodology with the box-behnken experimental design. The strain NCH showed maximum decolorization efficacy under optimum conditions at pH9.76, temperature 34.69C, and an inoculum size of 9.51% (v/v), respectively. A decolorization of 90.34% was observed with 100 mg L−1of Vat Brown R within 18h under these conditions. Confirmatory experiments have verified the optimum combination of the three variables predicted by RSM. Kinetics study was carried out using various approaches: Michaelis-Menten (Vmax = 29.1 mg L−1 h−1 and Km = 25.2 mg L−1), Lineweaver-Burk (Vmax = 30.12 mg L−1 h−1 and Km = 26.91 mg L−1), and Eadie-hofstee model (Vmax = 30.23 mg L−1h−1and Km = 27.29 mg L−1), and the results showed that the degradation followed a first-order reaction kinetics. The subsequent degradation of the dye and the formation of metabolites were studied using analytical techniques such as UV-vis spectroscopy and FT-IR analysis. UV-vis spectroscopy validated the detoxification of the dye and confirmed that Pseudomonas sp. NCH overcomes this decolorizing activity through biodegradation. This study investigated the highest decolorization efficiency of strain NCHused in the biodegradation of wastewaters containing anthraquinone dyes.

Screening the six plant species for phytoremediation of synthetic textile dye waste water

Most of the dyes are carcinogenic and mutagenic in nature. Plants are potential candidates to remediate textile dye wastewater from contaminated sites. The present study aimed to design an efficient hydroponic system to screen potential ornamental plant species for removal of synthetic dye solution of triarylmethane dye Methylene Blue (MB) and diazo dye Congo Red (CR). The plants selected for screening are Trachyspermum ammi, Tagetes erecta, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Chrysanthemum indicum, Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi, and Catharanthus roseus. The phytotreatment of dyes was done up to 40 h for two different concentrations of dyes, i.e., 10 and 20 mg L−1. Among screened plant species, the maximum decolorization was obtained from T. ammi followed by B. fedtschenkoi. Both plant species showed active growth in indigenous designed hydroponic system even after the phytoremediation process. T. ammi decolorized the MB dye 99 % (10 mg L−1) and 86 % (20 mg L−1) while the decolorization of the CR dye solution was up to 95 % (10 mg L−1) and 84 % (20 mg L−1). T. ammi was found to have maximum potential among screened plants for the removal of MB and CR dye from synthetic dye solution and can be used for phytoremediation of wastewater contaminated with synthetic dyes.

Development of Membrane Bioreactor Using Polyvinylidene Difluoride Composites for Textile Dyeing Wastewater Treatment

Development of Membrane Bioreactor Using Polyvinylidene Difluoride Composites for Textile Dyeing Wastewater Treatment

Purification and characterization of lignin peroxidase from white-rot fungi Pleurotus pulmonarius CPG6 and its application in decolorization of synthetic textile dyes.

From the biotechnological point of view, enzymes are powerful tools that help sustain a clean environment in several ways. The enzymatic biodegradation of synthetic dyes is a promising goal since it reduces pollution caused by textile dyeing factory wastewater. Lignin peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.14, LiP) has high redox potential; thus, it is great for application in various industrial fields (e.g., paper- waste treatment and textile dyeing wastewater treatment). In the present study, a LiP from an isolated strain Pleurotus pulmonarius CPG6 (PpuLiP) was successfully purified with a specific activity of 6.59 U mg -1. The enzyme was purified by using three-step column chromatography procedures including DEAE, Sephadex G-75, and HiTrapTM Q FF columns with 17.8-fold purity. The enzyme with a molecular weight of 40 kDa exhibited enhanced pH stability in the acidic range. The activity retention was over 75% at a pH of 3.0 for more than 6 hours. Purified PpuLiP was able to oxidize a variety of substrates including veratryl alcohol, 2,4-DCP, n propanol, and guaiacol. The effect of metal ions on PpuLiP activity was analyzed. The study will provide a ground to decolorize dyes from various groups of PpuLiP. Purified PpuLiP could decolorize 35% Acid blue 25 (AB25), 50% Acid red 129 (AB129), 72% Acid blue 62 (NY3), 85% Acid blue 113 (AB113), 55% Remazol Brilliant blue R (RBBR), and 100% Reactive red 120 (RR120) for 12 hours. Most of the dyes were decolorized, but the heat-denatured enzyme used as negative control obviously did not decolorize the tested dyes. These results indicate that the PpuLiP has potential application in enzyme-based decolorization of synthetic dyes. Keywords: Decolorization; lignin peroxidase; Pleurotus pulmonarius; textile dyes.

The Microbial Synergy and Response Mechanisms of Hydrolysis-Acidification Combined Microbial Electrolysis Cell System with Stainless-Steel Cathode for Textile-Dyeing Wastewater Treatment

The Microbial Synergy and Response Mechanisms of Hydrolysis-Acidification Combined Microbial Electrolysis Cell System with Stainless-Steel Cathode for Textile-Dyeing Wastewater Treatment

Iron-Manganese Bimetallic-Organic Framework as A Photocatalyst for Degradation of Rhodamine B Organic Dye Under Visible Light

In recent years, there have been many research works on use of different methods to treat textile dyeing wastewater such as mechanical, biological and chemical methods (using oxidizing agents, such as: H2O2, O3, and H2O2/O3). However, some traditional textile dyeing wastewater treatment methods such as mechanical and biological methods have limitations in treating these pollutants thoroughly. To enhance the treatment efficiency, the use of photocatalysts combination with strong oxidizing agents, such as H2O2, has been extensively developed in recent years. In this study, the iron-centred bimetallic organic framework Fe-MOF has been synthesized by partial replacement of Fe3+ ions with Mn metal ions by solvent-thermal method. The analytical methods used to evaluate the structural characterization of the as-synthesized materials including Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Brunaurer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), and UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). The experiments on the decomposition of organic pigment Rhodamine B were performed under varying conditions of pH, catalyst mass and RhB colorant concentration. Experiments with different electron capturers indicate that h+ plays a major role in the photochemical degradation of RhB. The stability and durability of the 0.1 Mn/Fe-MOF catalyst were evaluated through the leaching and recycle experiments, showing that the RhB degradation efficiency of the photocatalyst decreased modestly after five repetitions. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Photocatalytic degradation of organic synthetic dyes and textile dyeing waste water by Al and F co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles

Textile wastewater threatens people health by alluring diseases and revealing public existing close to the waste to the dangerous products within. Because waste causes a risk to the environment and people, waste management making is the main challenge of the municipal world. Environmental process such as toxic dye degradation can be stepped up through photochemical process such as visible light induced catalytic degradation. Here, the successful synthesis of co-doping of Al and F into TiO2 nanoparticles (Al–F∕TiO2 NPs) by solid state reaction method comprising different proportions of co-dopants is evaluated for the applications of degrading organic synthetic dyes and textile dyeing waste water. Influence of co-dopants was studied in their optical, structural, compositional, morphological and vibrational properties. The average crystallite size of Al–F∕TiO2 NPs was found as 15 nm.FTIR and UV–vis spectrum confirmed F and Al atoms were incorporated into the TiO2 lattice.The absorption edges slightly moved to shorter wavelength by increasing level of dopants and this specifies the control of optical absorption of TiO2 by the incorporation of F and Al3+ ions.The EDS spectrum indicates the purity of the samples. The highest zone of inhibition for the prepared nanoparticles over Staphylococcus aureus reached to 22 mm. The rate constant (kapp) value of MB, MO and textile waste water is 0.0138/min, 0.0174/min and 0.0139/min for the prepared nanoparticles respectively. The study of photocatalytic degradation of visible light assisted MB, MO and real textile waste water by Al–F∕TiO2 NPs revealed that the prepared nanoparticles act as ideal catalyst by tuning the concentration of co-dopants in TiO2.

Dye adsorption properties of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)-embedded hollow fiber composite membranes

Hollow fiber composite (HFC) membrane with improved dye adsorption properties was prepared by the embedding of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA)/polysulphone (PSF) microparticles into the polyamide (PA) composite layer of PSF hollow fiber membrane. As the polymer raw material of Aramid-1414, high modulus and hydrophilic PPTA was polycondensated in situ in PSF system and PPTA/PSF microparticles were obtained by the cloud-point precipitation method. PSF hollow fiber membrane was fabricated by the dry-jet wet-spinning technique. The variations of membrane morphology, porosity, surface charge and hydrophilicity were evaluated by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, dry-wet mass difference, Zeta potential and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The adsorption thermodynamic and kinetic processes of different kinds of dyes including anionic dye (Congo red, CR) and cationic dye (methylene blue, MB) were thoroughly investigated by three typical typical sorption isotherm models and two classical kinetic models, respectively. Compared with the PSF hollow fiber membrane and the pristine HFC membrane, the surface roughness, hydrophilicity and electronegativity had an obvious enhancement. The PPTA-embedded HFC membrane presented an increased dye adsorption capacity. The adsorption isotherms for CR and MB of the PPTA-embedded HFC membrane could fit well with the Langmuir and Sips models. The adsorption kinetics for CR and MB are in good agreement with the pseudo-first-order model and pseudo-second-order model, respectively. The prepared PPTA-embedded hollow fiber composite membranes are expected to be a promising candidate for the treatment of textile dyeing wastewater.

Influence of multi-component composition of dyeing bath in the membrane distillation performance

The influence of the multi-component composition of cotton and polyester dyeing baths was investigated in a DCMD process using a PTFE membrane, aiming to water reclamation from textile wastewater. The process was evaluated with each auxiliary, solutions combining auxiliary and dye, and residual water from pilot-scale dyeing baths. The salts used in the cotton dyeing bath did not influence the DCMD process, resulting in a similar rejection rate and permeate flux to those in dye solutions. The formic acid employed in the polyester dyeing bath resulted in high permeate fluxes but decreased the permeate quality by almost 33%. The surfactants (detergent and dispersant) demonstrated the most harmful behavior in the process, evidenced by a complete membrane wetting. An absence of synergy of the dyes and auxiliaries influencing the DCMD process was verified for the textile dyeing wastewater. This work enabled identifying the influence of each dyeing bath component in the rejection rate and permeate flux, allowing to find alternatives in mitigating the remaining gaps involving DCMD operation and the MD membranes. This work contributes to consolidating this promising technique in water reclamation from textile wastewater, encouraging research on membrane development and modification or integrated operations involving MD.

Identification of microbes from textile dye wastewater and its antibiotic resistance from local textile factory

This study is to identify local isolates from textile dye wastewater and its antibiotic resistance effects on the environment. The textile dye wastewater was collected from local factories and microbes were extracted from wastewater and grown on the bacterial agar. Both biochemical tests and molecular studies were performed where Gram staining, DNA extraction, PCR and Gel electrophoresis were conducted for the bacterial identification. Gram staining tests indicated the characteristics of Gram-positive bacteria. Three microbial isolates were identified as Bacillus species, Bacillus aerius (1312 bp) and Bacillus cereus (1492 bp and 1355 bp). Antibiotic resistance test was performed to observe the antibiotic resistance of these microbes. Six antibiotics were used, i.e., streptomycin, penicillin G., rifampicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and gentamicin. From the results, it was concluded that the local isolates were sensitive to the antibiotics introduced in the culture, indicating that they are harmless to humans and the environment.

Environmental hazard in textile dyeing wastewater from local textile industry

Environmental hazard in textile dyeing wastewater from local textile industry

Kinetics of COD and Dye Removal for Waste Water from Textile Industry

Abstract: Water pollution poses serious threats to both the environment and the organisms that depend on their environment for survival. Due to the toxicity from dyes in textile wastewater, there is a dire need for the development of innovative and efficient treatment technologies. In this study treatability studies, using a electrochemical treatment (ECT) method followed by activated carbon (AC) based adsorption. ECT method was studied extensively for the treatment of reactive black dye. Moreover, to understand the practical applicability of ECTs, the findings were optimized for treatment of synthetic textile wastewater (STW).

Influence of Aloe vera and PEG on the evaluation of photocatalytic degradation of MG dye under UV light and visible light irradiation of ZnO nanomaterials

Photocatalytic degradation is an effective method to prevent the environmental pollution caused by organic pollutants. The effect of different combinations on the properties of zinc oxide was studied by preparing polyethylene glycol (PEG) capped ZnO, Aloe vera mediated ZnO, and PEG/Aloe vera combined ZnO via the sol-gel synthesis method. The size and structure of the synthesized samples were confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis. The decrease in bandgap energy value of ZnO/Aloe/PEG than ZnO/Aloe, and ZnO/PEG indicates the easy excitation of electrons in the latter. Here, the photocatalytic degradation of three different ZnO combinations was tested against Malachite Green (MG) dye with twenty minutes of UV light and visible light irradiation time. Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of textile dye wastewater was also evaluated by ZnO/Aloe/PEG combination under both UV light and visible light irradiation. These findings proved the overwhelming photocatalytic degradation of plant extract and surfactant based ZnO, which has been used as effective remediation to treat textile dye effluent.

Adsorption of textile wastewater containing triple dye on the garden soil: optimisation and modelling by Taguchi method

ABSTRACT The textile industry is a sector that should be taken into account in terms of environmental pollution. There is excessive water consumption and there are different pollutants in the wastewater besides dyes. The adsorption to the garden soil of textile wastewater containing three different Astrazon dyes was investigated in terms of the following parameters; dye concentration, different dye content, salt concentration, temperature, pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage. It was observed that the parameters had different effects on organic matter and colour removal. Under optimum conditions, an organic matter removal of over 86% and colour removal of 100% were achieved. Moreover, the operating parameters’ relationship with ORP was evaluated and from the results of FTIR analysis, it was concluded that Astrazon dyes were very stable. The fact that organic matter removal was lower than colour removal shows that mineralisation is difficult. Textile dyes can be successfully removed by adsorption using the soil, which does not require chemical use except pH adjustment, which is a simple system and easy to operate. This study also shows that if textile wastewater is to be consciously or unconsciously discharged to the soil without treatment, a large percentage of the dyes in textile wastewater will be adsorbed by the soil and cause soil pollution. Since the environmental system is in a cycle, soil pollution means surface/groundwater pollution and hindrance for plant growth. For this reason, textile wastewater that contains toxic and stable pollutants should not be discharged without treatment.

Experimental investigation of designed solar parabolic concentrator based desalination system for textile industry wastewater treatment

The escalation in demand for textile products increased the use of fresh water and treatment of wastewater; which escalates the search for suitable and energy-efficient technology for wastewater treatment. Solar assisted technology ( i.e. solar desalination) for the textile industry wastewater treatment is proved to be an affordable technology. The only drawback of solar desalination is its low productivity which is the major hindrance in the global acceptance of the system. In the present study, an ingenious improvement in form of a parabolic concentrator-based solar desalination system (PCB-SDS) is designed to overcome low productivity, and the simultaneous use of source textile industry wastewater for its treatment makes this study more realistic. The performance of the designed system was examined for three different brine depths i.e. 20%, 40%, and 60% for two different processing step i.e. Dyeing and Degumming. System performance was evaluated in terms of energetic, exergetic, pollutant removal, and economic analysis. The maximum output of the system was found to be around 7440 and 8330 mL/day on clear sunny days with textile dyeing wastewater (TDyWW) and textile degumming wastewater (TDgWW) at 60% depth respectively. Daily average energy and exergy efficiency of system varies in the range 39.8–51.9 and 3.6–4.8% respectively. The degumming wastewater shows 85% COD removal, whereas, around 90% of TDS and hardness removal was also recorded. The dyeing processed wastewater showed 80% COD removal efficiency, ≅90% TDS, and hardness removal. The cost per liter of distillate output produced from designed PCB-SDS was found to be 0.014 $/L.

Treatment of Textile Dye Wastewater using Cynobacteria Spirulina Sp

Along with toxic dyes textile dye wastewater contains various xenobiotic compounds therefore their treatment is necessary before discharging into the environment. Bioremediation was considered as one of the eco-friendly and self-sustainable treatment systems and amongst them cyanobacteria was considered as one of the best resources for the bioremediation of organic pollutants. Thus, in this present study, Spirulina sp. was evaluated for the treatment of real textile dye wastewater (RTDW) along with the removal of metal ions and other organic pollutants. The metabolic activities to Spirulina sp. leads to complete more than 98% decolorization of Reactive Brown GR11, Reactive Magenta HBB 26, Reactive Red Bs11 and Reactive Yellow 160 dye. However, to enhance the treatment efficiency of Spirulina sp. carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized. In the presence of 1% glucose and yeast extract Spirulina sp. showed 86% American Dye Manufacturers’ Institute (ADMI) removal and 83 % chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction from the undiluted non-sterilize RTDW. The maximum treatment efficiency of Spirulina sp. was observed at pH-7 and 30 °C under optimized co-substrates. Degradation of RTDW and representative four azo dyes were further confirmed by using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Additionally, toxicity analysis was considered as the best method to evaluate the efficiency of treatment process. Phytotoxicity and cytotoxicity assay clearly show that Spirulina sp. treatment significantly reduces the toxic characteristics of RTDW.

Orange-derived and lemon-derived adsorbents with controlled grain for an efficient elimination of some cationic and anionic dyes

Purpose This study aims to demonstrate that orange-derived and lemon-derived systems can be used in continuous processes as efficient adsorbents to the entrapment of some anionic and cationic dyes in the textile dyeing wastewater effluents. Design/methodology/approach Physically and chemically modified orange and lemon mesocarps are used as natural adsorbents for the cationic dyes Basic Blue 3, Basic Yellow 21, Basic Red 18 and Basic Green 4 and the anionic dyes Acid Blue 264, Acid Yellow 49 and Acid Red 337, all commonly used in the textile dyeing industry. Adsorption capacities of the orange-derived and lemon-derived adsorbents on the dyes are studied simulating a batch and continuous industrial processes. Findings Results demonstrate that treated orange mesocarp (orange-derived adsorbent) can adsorb up to 97% of cationic Basic Green 4 in 30 min, whereas the lemon mesocarp (lemon-derived adsorbent) can retain up to 88% within the same time. In the case of anionic, 91% Acid Blue 264 is adsorbed by the orange mesocarp in 15 min, whereas 92% is adsorbed by the lemon homologue within the same time. Originality/value As far as the authors know, physically and chemically modified orange and lemon mesocarps have not been used on the removal of cationic (Basic Blue 3, Basic Yellow 21, Basic Red 18 and Basic Green 4) and anioinic (Acid Blue 264, Acid Yellow 49 and Acid Red 337) dyes of textile dyeing wastewater industry. It is a costless and efficient treatment that supposes, on the one hand, an eco-friendly and feasible process for discolouration of wastewater and, on the other, a valorisation (upcycling) of orange and lemon peels, which are not currently used.

Tannic acid-Fe complex derivative-modified electrode with pH regulating function for environmental remediation by electro-Fenton process

A heterogeneous electro-Fenton (hetero-EF) system can effectively broaden the applicable pH range, although the decreased electrogeneration efficiency of H2O2 at elevated pH (especially neutral conditions) is unfavorable for the efficient removal of organic pollutants. Herein, a tannic acid-Fe complex derivative-modified carbon felt (TFD@CF) cathode was prepared for hetero-EF treatment of organic pollutants over a wide pH range. Interestingly, the as-prepared hetero-EF cathode could act as a pH regulator that acidified the solution over a wide pH range. As expected, the TFD@CF cathode exhibited excellent hetero-EF activity for the removal of diverse organic pollutants (such as methyl orange, methylene blue, sulfamerazine, bisphenol A and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) at neutral and even alkaline pH (removal efficiency >90 %). A total of 2.98 kWh kg−1 COD−1 with 83.2 % COD removal could be achieved by the TFD@CF cathode for the treatment of actual textile dyeing secondary wastewater. Electrochemical characterizations proved that the TFD@CF cathode had excellent electrochemical properties with improved electron transfer ability and a well-pronounced Fe(III) electroreductive response. Meanwhile, more acidic groups were newly generated during the electrochemical reaction (an increase of 30.1 %), thus dissociating more H+ into solution. The identification of reactive oxygen species suggested that OH and 1O2 could be responsible for the removal of organic pollutants in the TFD@CF EF system. These interesting findings may provide new insights into the design of multifunctional hetero-EF cathodes for the removal of refractory organic pollutants.

Cellulose and its cationic derivative obtained from soybean hull as a tool for the remediation of textile dyes in wastewater: Physicochemical characterization and molecular mechanism interaction

Textile industries represents one of the most pollutants industries due to the discharge of contaminated water into waterways. Around 20% of industrial water pollution arise from textile manufacture. Among the current remediation techniques, adsorption using agro-industrial wastes is emerging as an efficient tool. In this work, chemical semi-crystalline cellulose and its derivative functionalized with quaternary ammonium groups were assayed as adsorption beds. These adsorbents were physically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption to determine total surface area and differential scanning calorimetry. Applicability and efficiency of these biosorbers were assayed using Congo Red as a model textile dye which is an organic pollutant compound. Adsorption of this dye induced disorder onto the surface of cellulose modifying its morphology. The adsorption kinetics were studied, showing that the adsorption of the dye followed a pseudo-second order rate expression on both adsorbents. Different adsorption isotherm models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The empirical Freundlich model was found to be more suitable for both adsorbents. Adsorption capacities of the extracted and the cationized cellulose were 112 and 314 mg/g, respectively, therefore maximum adsorption capacity values (~55 mg/g) were found to be much higher and adsorption times (20–90 min) were found to be much lower than the average of various Congo Red adsorbents produced from agro-industrial waste. A thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of Congo Red onto cellulose and its cationic derivative was endothermic in nature (20.03 and 8.58 kJ/mol, respectively) with a positive entropic change.

UV light assisted photocatalytic degradation of textile waste water by Mg0.8-xZnxFe2O4 synthesized by combustion method and in-vitro antimicrobial activities

In this paper, Magnesium Zinc Ferrite (MZF) nanoparticles (Mg0.8-xZnxFe2O4, where x = 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) are successfully fabricated by combustion process. The prepared nanoparticles are characterized through XRD, FTIR, UV, SEM, EDS and TEM. It has been confirmed that the samples produced cubic spinel structure with crystal size in the range of 13–15 nm. From the ultraviolet spectrum, the optical band gap is calculated which ranges from 5.6 to 4.6 eV. TEM micrographs confirm the nanocrystalline nature of combustion derived ferrite nanoparticles with average particle diameter of 7–28 nm. Antibacterial studies confirmed that the nanoparticles are toxic to Pseudomonas aeruginosa consists of greatest zone of inhibition of 25 mm. The antibacterial and photocatalytic studies exhibited improved activity which is strongly influenced by the zinc doping. Photocatalytic degradation study reveal that the prepared nanoparticles function as perfect catalyst for degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye and Textile Dyeing Waste Water (TDWW) under UV light, thus revealing their potential usage on organic pollutants.