Textbook Of Internal Medicine Research Articles

引用分析からみた内科学教科書の特性

In this paper, two distinguished textbooks of internal medicine, Cecil Textbook of Medicine and Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine were compared on the basis of citation studies. The latest editions of the textbooks were examined; “Harrison” was the 11th ed. (1987), and “Cecil” was the 18th ed. (1988).The following results were obtained:1. Harrison had 280 contributors, and 77 (27.5%) were affiliated with Harvard Medical School. Cecil had 325 contributors, but they were not as concentrated at any one institution as in the case of Harrison.2. There were 4, 527 citations in Harrison and 4, 040 in Cecil. The proportion of journal citations to total citations was 79.1% in the case of Harrison and 76.2% in the case of Cecil.3. A list was made of the 20 most frequently cited journals. The most important journal was the N Engl J Med. This journal accounted for 10% of all citations in both textbooks. This list shows that all were U. S. journals with the exception of the Lancet.4. A list was made of the 10 most frequently cited books.5. The age of the citations is shown in Fig1. Both graphs indicate that peak age was 2-3 years. Median citation age in Harrison was 4.6 years, and in Cecil it was 4.4 years.

Textbook of Internal Medicine

When perusing a new textbook of medicine, the slow but inexorable progress of medical science stands out in relief as it influences important changes in the practice of medicine. These changes are continuous and pervasive, and they constitute the most important justification for the seemingly endless production of new textbooks striving to keep us in the forefront of our profession. The enormous volume of publications creates a competitive market obliging editors to provide a broad perspective, and if an editor has a large number of diversified authors he can usually assure the reader of a broad perspective, as Kelley does with 529 contributors. I was concerned, however, to observe that several authors have contributed chapters to one or more other current textbooks presumed to be competitors. Are we gestating a new professional class of textbook writers? If it were a trend that might lead to rigid mainstream pronouncements I would

BOOK REVIEW

Book reviewed in this articles: Textbook of Internal Medicine. 1st Edn. Editor‐in‐Chief: William N. Kelley.

A student's ode to Osler's text republished with notes.

Sir William Osler's The Principles and Practice of Medicine, first published in 1892, was the standard textbook of internal medicine for more than 50 years.' The text was exemplary in its systematic organization and original observations and, as one reviewer of the first edition stated: everywhere throughout the work one feels the delightful personality of the man.* Tucked between the leaves of William Osler's own copies of Tlze Principles and Practice of Medicine, or mounted into his private scrapbook, are dozens of letters from readers in praise of his textbook. Most of these correspondents were prominent physicians, and being Victorian professional gentlemen, they concentrated their admiration on the book's learned, lucid, and practical qualities. A few of them stepped outside this conventional modeAlfred Stille, for instance, appeared to think that the best thing about The Principles and Practice was the degree with which Osler's views coincided with his own-but the great majority echoed the judgment of William White, the Philadelphia surgeon: have thus far found the information I sought conveyed in a clear and satisfactory manner and embodying the latest clinical and pathological views in a condensed, but sufficiently comprehensive form.3

Textbook of Diagnostic Medicine

This estimable book is really a problem-oriented textbook of internal medicine without any considerations of therapy. Two mental processes are involved in diagnosis: pattern recognition, or the identification of a specific disease, and pathophysiological analysis, or the evaluation of illness. Both of these presuppose a fundamental body of relevant information. This book helps to supply that information. The editor points out that new imaging and laboratory techniques have improved the physician's diagnostic capability but paradoxically have contributed to a decline in history-taking and physical examination skills. He attempts to correct this situation by stressing the proper importance of data collected at the beside or in the physician's office. The first chapter is on the principles of clinical diagnosis, and the second is an excellent treatment of the selection and interpretation of laboratory tests and diagnostic procedures. Then follow 20 chapters discussing several hundred topics, organized by anatomic systems, etiology of

Dural Trauma During Lumbar Puncture

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — Post—lumbar puncture headache is generally ascribed to cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the puncture site. It may be prevented by keeping dural trauma to a minimum by appropriate positioning of the lumbar puncture needle bevel during the procedure. Confusion among medical students regarding the plane along which the needle bevel should be directed to pierce the dura prompted us to review recommendations in this regard in major textbooks of internal medicine and pediatrics. <i>Cecil's Textbook of Medicine</i>¹states that in a patient who is lying in a lateral decubitus position, "the bevel should always be directed cephalad in order to pierce the dura in a<i>vertical</i>fashion." In contrast, the<i>Principles and Practice of Medicine</i>²recommends that the needle "should be kept<i>parallel</i>to the bed, with the bevel turned to pass through the longitudinally running fibers of the dura." No comments regarding the plane

Principles of Medical Therapy in Pregnancy

Here is a truly extraordinary encyclopedic textbook of internal medicine written expressly for both practicing obstetricians and internists. The underlying theme of this modern reference work stresses medical management during pregnancy (taking into account both mother and fetus), as opposed to medical practices during the nonpregnant state. To present a review of this text within the editorial limitations of conciseness is analogous to trying to cram a whale into a sardine can. Edited by Dr Gleicher with the able assistance of six coeditors, this is a volume of 1,290 pages, encompassing 191 chapters, authored by 152 contributors (of whom 71 are obstetric specialists and 81 are specialists in the wide variety of medical entities presented), and with a 55-page index. Despite the diversity of authorship, the text is elegantly homogeneous in style. All organ systems and their relevant diseases adversely affecting mother and fetus are discussed in depth, and each

Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine: A Textbook for Students and Doctors

At one time during its 33 years of existence, Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine was the best selling textbook of internal medicine in the world. Its coverage of tropical diseases was said to be especially useful. The 14th edition has now appeared and is worthy volume in the succession. The editor, John G. Macleod, is former chief of medicine at Edinburgh. All 26 authors are British and 17 are currently located in Edinburgh. This is not comprehensive treatment of internal medicine la Harrison, Cecil, or Stein, but medium-sized usable textbook comparable to such texts as Wilkins and Levinsky or Kaye and Rose. The editor states that his primary objective has been to provide a rational and easily comprehensible basis for the practice of medicine. His audience consists of medical students, both undergraduate and post-graduate. I think he has succeeded in his goal as well

Tropical and Geographical Medicine

This is an extremely important book. It marks a distinctive change in the literature of tropical medicine. It should also be noted that the text appears to be clear, well written, and factually sound, but these positive attributes must share the limelight with the text's format and structure which represent a break with the traditional presentations of tropical medicine that have been with us since World War II. In the preface, the authors spell out that this book is meant to take the form and much of the style of the textbooks of Internal Medicine, and is designed to be used in the education of physicians in countries where tropical diseases are endemic. The editors and contributors have done an excellent job toward this end. They start with clinical considerations, in this case grouped by disease categories, e.g., diarrhea, pneumonia, and anemia, rather than by bodily systems.

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

The first modern textbook of internal medicine was Osler'sThe Principles and Practice of Medicine, published in 1892. This was made possible by the development of bacteriology in the last third of the 19th century, and the consequent assignment of specific causes to the illnesses most patients were initially seen with in those days. For the first time it was practical to have a nosography based on etiology. Osler's breadth of knowledge, clinical orientation, and mastery of English prose made the book a tremendous success. New editions appeared every two or three years. In 1927, an entirely new textbook of medicine came out, edited by Dr Russell Cecil, but written by 130 contributors. It soon replacedOsler(by then edited by McCrae) as the standard American medical text. Cecil retained Osler's format, with discrete descriptions of disease entities grouped by etiology or by systems affected. In 1950, another textbook was

Tularemia

The retrospectroscope is a marvelous instrument. To place Dr Francis' LANDMARK ARTICLE into perspective, it seemed most appropriate to review the sections on tularemia in current representative textbooks of internal medicine and infectious diseases.^1-4These texts generally present history, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Contrast this with the subtitles in Francis' article: "Synonyms and History," "Geographic Distribution in Man and Rodents," "Symptoms and Course," "Agglutination Tests," "Portal of Entry," "Insect Transmission," "Non-contagiousness," "Immunity," "Diagnosis," "Laboratory Tests," and "Treatment." After reading the current texts and then rereading Francis, the déjà vu is most striking. The synthesis of the original observations of a serologist, a clinician, and a bacteriologist that Francis reports in his 1925 article based then on 49 cases provides most of the information that is needed to diagnose tularemia in 1983. The causative bacterium of the "plague-like disease of rodents" prevalent among California ground

Correction: Gentamicin

Comments and Corrections1 June 1976Correction: GentamicinMICHAEL A. PATRICK, M.D.MICHAEL A. PATRICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-6-757_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gentamicin, the most misspelled antibiotic, was misspelled in the book review ofThe Textbook of Internal Medicine, 14th ed., by BEESONPB and MCDERMOTTW, in the January 1976 issue.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Internal Medicine St Luke's Hospital Bethlehem, PA 18015 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1976Volume 84, Issue 6Page: 757-757KeywordsAntibiotics Issue Published: 1 June 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...

Diagnosis of Peripheral Vascular Disease.

Until recently, peripheral vascular disorders have often been included in textbooks of internal medicine, surgery, and cardiology as more or less an afterthought. The accelerated pace of experimental and clinical investigation along with the development and unbelievably rapid commercial application of clinical and laboratory gadgetry have resulted in further subspecialization. Many former subsections of omnibus texts now stand on their own as longer or shorter monographs. Inevitably, vascular diseases have deserved, and received, such independent development, mainly in multiauthored texts of uneven quality. Kappert and Winsor here present the results of their extraordinarily fruitful transatlantic collaboration—a treatise on diagnosis that presents a remarkably complete and up-to-date state of the art (and science) in its field. Section by section, the text is keyed to a numerical outline covering every facet of vascular disease, not excluding the cerebral vessels. Part I (General Diagnosis) deals with physical diagnosis and laboratory and graphic methods

Handbuch der Inneren Medizin: Blut und Blutkrankheiten.

This rather impressive volume deals, as indicated by the title, with clinical entities resulting from abnormalities of the erythrocytic system: anemias, erythremias, and polycythemias, with a separate chapter on anemias of childhood. It is the second part of the volume on hematology, which is again part of a 14 volume textbook of internal medicine. It was conceived and prepared by Heilmeyer with the collaboration of several prominent German hematologists, who completed the work after his death. The basic outline is fairly standard, but the extent and detail of various discussions is sometimes unbalanced. The chapter on Osteopetrosis, for example, comprises 35 pages and that on Hereditary Elliptocytosis, 20; Thalassemia Syndromes are described in only 10 pages. There is an extensive bibliography which covers almost 100 years (up to 1968) with better representation of European literature than American. It is surprising, for example, that in the chapter on iron absorption the

Medicine: Essentials of Clinical Practice.

This is a fine textbook of internal medicine that will surely be accepted with enthusiasm by the student and the seasoned clinician, a safe prediction for many reasons. When the student buys such a book he hopes it will give him everything his instructors expect him to know, in painless prose and in an inexpensive, lightweight form. The resident wants a lot of hard information, easily locatable, with a minimum of medical philosophy. He certainly doesn't want to lug around in his bag instructions on how to take a history or do a physical examination. The older clinician wants to be able quickly to find and read about specific points, such as what kind of bone changes his current sarcoid patient might have or what's good for meningococcemia these days. And, whether student or professor, at some time the medical text buyer will want to make a quick survey of

Clinical medicine is not dead, but is living in Baltimore...

The Literature of Medicine1 June 1969Clinical medicine is not dead, but is living in Baltimore...E. J. H.E. J. H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-6-1283 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFrom time to time, some medical publisher treats me to a couple of martinis. Nothing is free, I wait for the question. After the pleasantries, it comes. "What kind of textbook of medicine is needed today?" Which is a genteel translation of, "How can I strike it big?" His question is not rhetorical. Nor is the answer obvious; if it were, he would be wasting three dollars on one martini for him and two for me.Any answer, on the textbook of internal medicine or any other medical discipline, for tomorrow or five years from now would be little more...* STRASSMANTAYLORSCOLES HDDDJ: A new concept for a core medical curriculum. J. Med. Educ. 44: 170, 1968. LEE P. V.: Some problems of curricular innovation. J. Amer. Geriat. Soc. 17: 254, 1969. Google Scholar* WYNGAARDEN JB: Current problems of undergraduate medical curricula. Arthritis Rheum. 11 (part 2): 235, 1968. CrossrefGoogle Scholar* The teaching of the basic medical sciences. WHO Chron. 23: 37, 1969. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1969Volume 70, Issue 6Page: 1283-1287 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...

Expanding and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. Problems of diagnosis and treatment.

"In the last analysis, apart from wiring the aneurysm and carrying out the general regime of rest and peace, but little can be done. The patient, however, should not be discouraged, as it is surprising how long he may live in comparative comfort, and the possibility of sudden exit from rupture should never be mentioned." This summary of the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms in a fine and popular textbook of internal medicine¹10 years ago was an accurate assessment of the help that the physician could offer to the patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, and although it seems modest enough, it actually grossly overestimated the value of wiring and was entirely too optimistic about the patient's chances of survival. It must be put down as one of the impressive achievements of medical progress during the past decade that this quotation has become obsolete and that the effective

Subdural empyema secondary to acute frontal sinusitis; a neglected but curable emergency complication.

Subdural empyema, or subdural abscess, is a comparatively uncommon complication of acute frontal sinusitis. Before the use of antibiotics, it was almost always fatal, but at the present time survival may be expected in the majority of cases, provided surgical drainage is done at the earliest possible stage. The need for early suspicion of the presence of subdural empyema thus greatly increases its significance, and the physician who treats respiratory disease should be familiar with its clinical manifestations and the features that lead to its early diagnosis. It is surprising that subdural empyema is not mentioned in any of the popular textbooks of internal medicine, either as a separate subject or as a complication of frontal sinusitis, nor is it adequately described in most neurological and neuropathological textbooks. The importance of subdural empyema secondary to acute frontal sinusitis to internists and general practitioners has been illustrated by four patients with

Diseases of Children, with Contributions by 36 Authors.

This is an English book distributed in this country. Nicely printed and profusely illustrated, it is a cooperative effort in the field of pediatrics similar to those of Cecil, Musser and Conybeare in general medicine. The result is an excellent miniature encyclopedia of pediatrics, but, as in all of these group compilations, one misses the personality and point of view of a single outstanding master. A vast field is covered, and there is of course considerable duplication of what is adequately discussed in textbooks of internal medicine. Hence, some of the articles on important topics are too brief to be of great value, and at times too much space is given to rare and curious conditions. On the whole, the book seems adequate, but it does not rouse one's enthusiasm.

Book Review: A Textbook of the Practice of Medicine

This is essentially a textbook of internal medicine and diagnosis and as such will be welcomed by both medical students and practitioners. The present, thirteenth, edition has been thoroughly revised, and several subjects entirely rewritten; and the presence of a thirteenth edition is sufficient to prove that it has met the requirements of the profession. In general the work is carefully compiled and up to date, convenient for reference and presents the material in an accessible form; being concise, and at the same time sufficiently elaborate for students. The authors have been successful in their effort to correlate pathology and morbid physiology with the clinical and therapeutic aspects of disease and throughout the book emphasized the necessity of recognizing the interdependence of the two phases. In addition to a section on "Diseases of the Nervous System," there has been added a wealth of modern material on focal infection, kidney function