Tetraethylammonium Halides Research Articles

Conductance of tetraethylammonium halides in ethylene glycol

Conductance measurements on tetraethylammonium halides in ethylene glycol at different temperatures and concentrations are reported. Experimental data are analysed on the basis of Onsager's equation and the Onsager—Fuoss—Skinner equation. The ion-size parameter a(Å) obtained from the Onsager—Fuoss—Skinner equation is reported at different temperatures. The temperature dependence of the Walden products of the salt solutions in ethyleneglycol is also discussed in terms of the structure-breaking/making characteristics of the salt.

Phenol solvation and states of aggregation of tetraethylammonium halides in carbon tetrachloride. Far and mid infrared study

The spectra of mixtures of tetraalkylammonium halides and phenol in carbon tetrachloride have been compared in the mid and far infrared regions. The salts exist in CCl 4 in large aggregates which are dissociated by phenol into ion pairs hydrogen bonded to phenol and multisolvated anions.

Viscosity of Tetraethylammonium Halides in Nitro-Methane

Viscosity of Tetraethylammonium Halides in Nitro-Methane

Synthetic Studies by the Use of Carbonates. III. The Condensation Reactions of Ethylene Carbonate with a Variety of Phenols Catalyzed by Lithium Hydride or Tetraethylammonium Halides

Abstract The condensation reactions of ethylene carbonate with a variety of phenols in the presence of tetraethylammonium halides were examined; they were found to give the corresponding aryl β-hydroxyethyl ethers in good yields. The reactions in the presence of lithium hydride in place of the tetraethylammonium halides were also examined for the sake of comparison, and these results were discussed.

Complex compounds of aluminum borohydride with tetraethylammonium halides

1. In the interaction of aluminum borohydride with TEA chloride or bromide, crystalline compounds with the composition [(C2H5)4N][Al(BH4)3X], readily soluble in benzene, are formed. 2. The densities and thermal stability of these complexes were determined, the IR spectra were taken, and the interplane distances were calculated.

Behavior of quaternary ammonium ions in the desorption of [Coen 3] 3+ from H-Coen 3-Bentonite

Desorption studies of [Coen 3] 3+ from its bentonite complex show that tetraethyl ammonium halides are much more effective than tetramethyl ammonium halides at lower concentrations (up to 6 × 10 −2 M); the extent of desorption with tetraethyl ammonium halides at higher concentrations is either equal to or less than that with tetramethyl ammonium salts. This irregular behavior of tetraethyl ammonium halides may be attributed to their lower activity at relatively higher concentrations. The behavior of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTABr) and cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC1) at lower concentrations is almost identical with that of tetraethyl ammonium halides, but at larger concentrations CTABr and CPC1 appear to show smaller desorption, which may, however, be explained by the covering-up effect of the larger ions; a fraction of the [Coen 3] 3+ is inaccessible for the exchange process. Again CP +, having a smaller cmc than CTA +, is more effective in desorbing the complex ion than the latter. The anions seem to have some specificity in the desorption process, for example, the iodides have been found to be more effective than other halides. The desorption of [Coen 3] 3+ with tetramethyl and tetraethyl ammonium iodides has been analyzed in the light of the theoretical approach of Barrer, and thermodynamic quantities of interest have been evaluated.

Anion-molecule complexes in solution. II. The complexing of halide ions with acetylated β-D-glucopyranosyl derivatives

Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl halides and phenoxides in solution in acetonitrile showed a specific deshielding of H-1, H-3, and H-5 on addition of tetraethylammonium halides. The shifts and equilibrium constants increased as the anion radius decreased. The ortho hydrogens of the phenoxide aglucons were also significantly deshielded. The strong dependence of the equilibrium constants of the phenoxide compounds on p-substituents indicated considerable involvement of the phenyl groups in a specific conformation. A simple electrostatic model was successful in correlating the energies and predicting the structures of the complexes. It was not necessary to postulate specific hydrogen bonding to account for association of the anion with an electrophilic region of the molecule. The calculations required specific orientations of acetoxy groups with respect to the pyranose ring which are consistent with those of related studies. In favorable circumstances, the method may be used as a probe for electrophilic regions in molecules.