Removal Of Tetracycline Antibiotics Research Articles

Study on the Effect of Conditioners on the Degradation of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Deer Manure Composting

The unscientific disposal of agricultural solid waste introduces more antibiotics and other pollutants into the environment. Composting, as an environmentally friendly solid waste disposal method, can be used as a green way to degrade antibiotics, and conditioners can regulate the physicochemical indicators of the composting process. This article investigates the removal mechanism of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) during the composting process by adding different regulators (biochar, zeolite, and biochar + zeolite). The results showed that the conditioning agent could significantly improve the removal efficiency and removal rate of TCs in compost. Among them, the addition of the zeolite group had the highest degradation rate of TCs, which were 91.39% (Tetracycline), 97.18% (Chlortetracycline), and 95.68% (Oxytetracycline). The combination of biochar and zeolite conditioning agents effectively minimized the migration of TCs into the soil. According to the findings of the artificial neural network model, it was determined that TCs exhibited the highest sensitivity to biochar + zeolite modulators at 31.28%. Conditioners influenced the removal of TCs in compost by impacting their physicochemical properties and microbial community structure. We isolated and domesticated a suitable microbial preparation that promotes the degradation of TCs, including Acinetobacter pittii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Lactobacillus reuteri, Pseudomonas putida, and Trichosporon dohaense.

Rational design of S-scheme structure via the combination of Aurivillius oxides and TiO2 for high-efficiency tetracycline antibiotics removal

Rational design of S-scheme structure via the combination of Aurivillius oxides and TiO2 for high-efficiency tetracycline antibiotics removal

Removal of tetracycline antibiotic from aqueous solution using bimetallic CuCo-ZIFs as an efficient catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide

Antibiotics play an important role in disease treatment; however, they are also a threat to public health and the ecosystem. Therefore, a bimetallic CuCo-ZIFs catalyst was manufactured through the ultrasonic-assisted solvothermal method to activate H2O2 towards the removal of tetracycline (TC) in an aqueous environment, a polluting broad-spectrum antibiotic model. PXRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, TGA, FT-IR, and BET analyses indicated that CuCo-ZIFs cubic crystals were successfully synthesized with high crystallinity, large specific surface area, and ideal thermal stability. Factors affecting the TC removal were investigated, including CuCo-ZIFs dosage, H2O2 concentration, treatment time, initial TC concentration, and reaction temperature. The results showed that the CuCo-ZIFs/H2O2 catalytic system was capable of effectively handling TC, with about 93.9% of TC removed in the presence of 0.3 g.L-1 CuCo-ZIFs, 0.01 mol.L-1 H2O2 at room temperature within 30 min. Conclusively, this study contributes to expanding the application potential of bimetallic CuCo-ZIFs materials to eliminate antibiotic residues in an aqueous environment and inspire research on environmental improvement.

In-situ growth of Fe-MOF on magnetic materials by self-template method to enhance practicality and removal of tetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solution

In this work, core–shell structured Fe3O4@PCN-333 (Fe) composite was constructed using a self-template method, in which Fe3O4 microspheres not only serve as magnetic centers but also provide Fe (III) for the preparation of PCN-333 (Fe). PCN-333 (Fe) uniformly grew as a shell on the surfaces of the microspheres, and the shell thickness was approximately 38 nm. The composite exhibited high adsorption performance, with maximum adsorption capacities of 471.7, 303.3 and 314.5 mg/g for chlortetracycline, tetracycline and oxytetracycline, respectively. The adsorption of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) was based on the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order model, and external diffusion and pore diffusion were the rate-limiting steps in adsorption. The strong adsorption capacity was attributed to the mechanism of π–π interaction, coordination bonds, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals force. Fe3O4@PCN-333 (Fe) composite displayed good stability in the aqueous solution, strong TCs adsorption capacity, high selectivity, anti-interference performance for adsorbing TCs, fast recovery with external magnetic field, reusability, thus effectively reducing the cost for removing water pollutants. These features make the composite a potential material for removing TCs in the environment.

Effective removal of tetracycline antibiotics from water by in-situ nitrogen-doped porous biochar derived from waste antibiotic fermentation residues

This study explored the utilization of waste oxytetracycline fermentation residue (OFR), abundant in nitrogen and organic matter, to prepare in-situ nitrogen-doped porous biochar (activated OFR derived biochar, AOBC) through a coupled pyrolysis process, and investigated the removal of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) from water with the prepared AOBCs. The physicochemical characterization results showed the characterizations of abundant nitrogen functional groups, high specific surface area (1960.38 m2/g), and the high microporosity (61.6%) for AOBCs. At 25 ℃, the maximum adsorption capacity calculated by Langmuir model of AOBC-3-600 for tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC), oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC), and doxycycline hydrochloride (DOC) reached 473.00, 293.28, 220.61, and 282.72mg/g, respectively. The superior fit of the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models indicated that the adsorption mechanism involved both the physical effect (pore filling) and chemical interactions (electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, and Lewis acid-base interaction). Environmental risk assessments substantiated the absence of residual oxytetracycline and antibiotic resistance genes in the prepared biochar, indicating its application safety. This research provides a sustainable route to simultaneously treat the antibiotic contamination in water and rationally utilize antibiotic fermentation residues.

Self-assembled fluorescent Zn-MOF with high specific surface area based on the coordination interaction for sensitive detection and selective removal of tetracycline antibiotic in water

As one of most common used antibiotics, tetracyclines (TCs) have been widespread used in many fields. However, the abuse of antibiotics resulted in serious environmental pollutants. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new materials for rapid detection and effective removal of tetracyclines. In this study, a step-by-step synthesis strategy was adopted to prepare a fluorescent LMOF material Znq2@ZIF-8, and it was well characterized. Znq2@ZIF-8 showed strong green emission and has large specific surface area, with excellent stability and good recyclability. The fluorescence of Znq2@ZIF-8 can be quenched with the addition of tetracycline (TC) in the aqueous environment, demonstrating good selectivity and strong interference resistance, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.13 μmol∙L−1. In addition, Znq2@ZIF-8 exhibits excellent adsorption and removal abilities for TC. As a result, Znq2@ZIF-8 enables the simultaneous detection and removal of TC in aqueous environments, providing a solution for future TC pollution in water.

Unveiling the role of artificial intelligence in tetracycline antibiotics removal using UV/sulfite/phenol advanced reduction process

UV/sulfite-based advanced reduction processes (ARP) have attracted increasing attention due to their high capability for removing a wide range of pollutants. Therefore, developing UV/sulfite ARP systems with assisted Artificial Intelligence (AI) models is considered an efficient strategy for sustainable pollutant removal. The present study delves into modeling and optimizing photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics under UV/sulfite/рhenol reԁuсtion рroсess (UV/SPAP) using integrаteԁ Artifiсiаl Neurаl Networks (ANN), Suррort Veсtor Regression (SVR), аnԁ Genetiс Algorithm (GA). The сonсentrаtions of рhenol (X1) аnԁ sulfite (X2), рH (X3), reасtion time (X4), аnԁ TC сonсentrаtion (X5) in our exрerimentаl setuр were varied, аnԁ use the generаteԁ ԁаtа to trаin AI moԁels. The findings revealed that the AI-optimized performance is very effective in predicting and optimizing the removal of TC, thereby providing a sustainable water treatment approach. In general, SVR performed better based on scaling coefficients and ANN using different criteria indicated that X4 and X5 parameters were statistically significant. Oрtimаl rаnges for X1, X2, X3, X4, аnԁ X5 аre ԁetermineԁ to be 6.34, 3, 8.45, 80.13, аnԁ 1, resрeсtively. This аррroасh highlights the imрortаnсe of integrаting AI аnԁ ARP for sustаinаble environmentаl mаnаgement.

Evaluation and optimization of six adsorbents for removal of tetracycline from swine wastewater: Experiments and response surface analysis

The removal of tetracycline antibiotics using adsorbents is becoming an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method. This study systematically analyzed the stability, structure, morphology, and chemical properties of various adsorbents. Batch adsorption experiments (pH, time, temperature, tetracycline concentration, and adsorbent dosage) were conducted to compare the adsorption capacity of the six adsorbents (biochar, activated carbon, montmorillonite, zeolite, chitosan, and polymerized aluminum chloride) for tetracycline removal. The results indicated that montmorillonite had the highest adsorption efficiency, followed by biochar, with chitosan showing the lowest efficiency. At an adsorbent dose of 25 g/L and an initial tetracycline concentration of 120 mg/L, the removal rates of tetracycline by montmorillonite, biochar, and chitosan were 97.6%, 69.3%, and 12.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the removal rate of tetracycline by biochar, following the response surface methodology optimal mode, increased by 5.5%. The Elovich model was better suited to explain the adsorption process of tetracycline compared to the conventional pseudo-first kinetic model and second-order kinetic model. The isothermal adsorption model suggested that both chemisorption and physisorption occurred in all removal processes, in which chemisorption dominated. Tetracycline was efficiently adsorbed through the combined effects of pore filling, electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, and complexation reactions of surface functional groups. Additionally, montmorillonite demonstrated superior performance as an adsorbent for tetracycline removal from swine wastewater compared to the other adsorbents studied.

Cu–Co bimetallic organic framework as effective adsorbents for enhanced adsorptive removal of tetracycline antibiotics

In this study, the removal effect of a new MOF-on MOF adsorbent based on Cu–Co bimetallic organic frameworks on tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in water system was studied. The adsorbent (Cu-MOF@Co-MOF) were synthesized by solvothermal and self-assembly method at different concentrations of Co2+/Cu2+. The characterization results of SEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR and BET indicated that the MOF-on MOF structure of Cu-MOF@Co-MOF exhibited the best recombination and physicochemical properties when the molar ratio of Co2+: Cu2+ is 5:1. In addition, the Cu-MOF@Co-MOF have a high specific surface area and bimetallic clusters, which can achieve multi-target synergistic adsorption of TCs. Based on above advantages, Cu-MOF@Co-MOF provided a strong affinity and could efficiently adsorb more than 80% of pollutants in just 5 to 15 min using only 10 mg of the adsorbent. The adsorption capacity of tetracycline and doxycycline was 434.78 and 476.19 mg/g, respectively, showing satisfactory adsorption performance. The fitting results of the experimental data were more consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that the adsorption process of TC and DOX occurred at the homogeneous adsorption site and was mainly controlled by chemisorption. Thermodynamic experiments showed that Cu-MOF@Co-MOF was thermodynamically advantageous for the removal of TCs, and the whole process was spontaneous. The excellent adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption kinetics indicate the prepared MOF-on MOF adsorbent can adsorb TCs economically and quickly, and have satisfactory application prospects for removing TCs in practical environments. The results of the study pave a new way for preparing novel MOFs-based water treatment materials with great potential for efficient removal.

Efficient removal of tetracycline antibiotic by nonthermal plasma-catalysis combination process

This study presents an innovative approach to plasma catalysis by employing nonthermal plasma type gliding arc with various iron oxides -Fe(II), Fe(III) and Ferrate Fe(VI)- for the removal of tetracycline antibiotic (TC). The experimental results demonstrated significant improvements in degradation rates, with plasma-Fe(VI) achieving complete degradation after 15 min of treatment and the plasma-Fe(II) achieving 97.28% removal after 30 min. The effect of TC initial concentration and catalyst dose was investigated, revealing that lower TC concentration favored the degradation and shortened treatment times with even a minimum amount of catalyst doses enhancing degradation results. Higher total organic carbon (TOC) removal was achieved in the combination systems (83.01%; 82.07%; and 42.82% for plasma/Fe(VI); plasma/Fe(II); and plasma /Fe(III) respectively) compared to plasma alone barely achieved 25.67% of mineralization. Additionally, the study examined the role of various radical scavengers-targeting <sup>•</sup>OH, superoxide, and free electrons- in the degradation process. TC intermediates were also identified, degradation pathways were proposed, and the intermediates toxicity was assessed. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of organic compounds treatment using nonthermal plasma, combination with the ferrate process or other catalysts.

Optimization of ecofriendly L-Fe/Ni nanoparticles prepared using extract of black tea leaves for removal of tetracycline antibiotics from groundwater by response surface methodology

This article focuses on employment of nanotechnologies in remediation of tetracycline antibiotics (TC) from groundwater by green synthesized bimetallic Fe/Ni supported by limestone particles. An in-situ green synthesis nanoparticles was prepared using black tea leaves extract to generate a L-Fe/Ni nanocomposite. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using several techniques, such as, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), FTIR (Fourier Transform-Infra Red) spectroscopy and surface area. We then use response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the synthesis process and evaluate the effectiveness of the prepared nanocomposite for tetracycline remediation. We took different simulated concentrations of the TC contaminant without relying on actual TC concentrations in grounwater, the best removal of the TC contaminant in batch study was investigated with relying on the initial concentrations of TC and other experimental factors such as pH, adsorbent nanomaterial concentration and time. A pilot plant was then constructed to eliminate the TC contaminant from groundwater in different concentrations, where the removal efficiency was found decreased with increasing in the concentration of the TC Many parameters affecting the removal mechanisms in statistical and continuous systems were examined to select the best results that accomplish the maximum elimination rate. With the improved operating conditions, (L-Fe/Ni concentration: 1500 mg/L; concentration of TC: 20 mg/L; pH: 7.2; contact time: 128 min), removal percent of TC was found 87 % based on RSM system. The L-Fe/Ni reactive medium of continuous column has a main role in slowing down the movement of the TC plume. This study showed that the ecofriendly nanocomposite could be an appropriate and novel method for remediation of antibiotics and other contaminants in groundwater.

Oxidation of antibiotic micropollutants in various water resources through integration of Bi2WO6 and g-C3N4.

Recently, the hazardous effects of antibiotic micropollutants on the environment and human health have become a major concern. To address this challenge, semiconductor-based photocatalysis has emerged as a promising solution for environmental remediation. Our study has developed Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 (BWCN) photocatalyst with unique characteristics such as reactive surface sites, enhanced charge transfer efficiency, and accelerated separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. BWCN was utilized for the oxidation of tetracycline antibiotic (TCA) in differentwater sources. It displayed remarkable TCA removal efficiencies in the following order: surface water (99.8%) > sewage water (88.2%) > hospital water (80.7%). Further, reusability tests demonstrated sustained performance of BWCN after three cycles with removal efficiencies of 87.3, 71.2 and 65.9% in surface water, sewage, and hospital water, respectively. A proposed photocatalytic mechanism was delineated, focusing on the interaction between reactive radicals and TCA molecules. Besides, the transformation products generated during the photodegradation of TCA were determined, along with the discussion on the potential risk assessment of antibiotic pollutants. This study introduces an approach for utilizing BWCN photocatalyst, with promising applications in the treatment of TCA from various wastewater sources.

Adsorptive removal of tetracycline antibiotic by biochars originated in pine leaves (<i>P.kesiya</i>) and rice husk

In this day and age, the excessive use of antibiotics for medical purposes has resulted in antibiotic pollution, which has negative impacts on human health and the environment. Biochars originated in pine leaves (P.kesiya) and rice husk were pyrolyzed to remove tetracycline from aquatic environments. Utilizing physical analysis methods (BET, FT-IR, SEM, and EDX) to determine materialcharacterizations and factors (pH, contact time, initial tetracycline concentration) affecting adsorption efficiency. The adsorption processes of tetracycline onto biochars were fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model. Additionally, the kinetic data of adsorption processes were well-described by the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacities of tetracycline onto biochars originated in pine leaves (P.kesiya) and rice husk were 21,44 and 21,37 mg/g, respectively. Biochars originated in pine leaves (P. kesiya) and rice husk will be potential materials to adsorb antibiotics from aquatic environments.

Preparation and application of cattail residue-based magnetic cellulose composites for tetracycline antibiotics adsorption

Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are widely present in wastewater and surface water due to their extensive use. Removal of TCs from water is urgent. In this study, magnetic cellulose (MC) composites were prepared from cattail residues to adsorb oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC·HCl), chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC·HCl), and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC·HCl) from water. The influence of Fe3O4 content on the antibiotics removal was studied. The synthesized MC composites were characterized using FTIR, XPS, zeta potential, SEM, and XRD. Adsorption mechanisms and characteristics were explored using classic isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models) and common kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and Intraparticle diffusion models). Optimum adsorption capacity was achieved by MC2–1 (mass ratio of cellulose to Fe3O4 was 2:1), with a larger specific surface area (18.24 m2 g−1) and mesoporous structure. The adsorption processes were well described by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. MC2–1 demonstrated maximum adsorption capacities of CTC·HCl (194.29 mg g−1), OTC·HCl (168.25 mg g−1), and TC·HCl (41.10 mg g−1). The results of models fitting and characterizations of the MC composites before and after the adsorption processes revealed that the main adsorption mechanisms were pore filling, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and metal complexation. This study proposes a practical approach for utilizing wetland plant residues as an effective adsorbent for tetracycline antibiotics removal.

Moving Bed Sequenced Batch Reactor System in Tetracycline Antibiotic Removal from Real Hospital Wastewater

Background: Water contamination by synthetic organic chemicals like antibiotics is a major environmental issue. Tetracycline (TC), an antibiotic in a wide family, is notable. A moving bed sequenced batch reactor (MBSBR) is tested for treating hospital raw wastewater containing TC. Methods: A 35-L pilot system was constructed, with 30 L usable. PVC suspended carriers (Kaldnes K3) with 584.3 m2 /m3 specific surface area made about 70% of the functional volume. The independent variables in this study were hydraulic retention duration (1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 hours) and starting TC concentration (5, 10, and 15 mg/L). Results: The findings of the study demonstrated satisfactory performance under the conditions of an initial TC concentration of 5 mg/L and an organic load of 350 mg/L. The overall removal efficiencies for TC, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biological oxygen demand (BOD5 ) were 72.8%, 83%, and 93.9%, respectively. The optimal performance of the system was primarily observed during the initial phase, characterized by a TC concentration of 5 mg/L and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.5 hours. The experimental results also indicated that the maximum removal efficiency was 1.8 kg COD/m2 .day, as determined by a fitted surface loading rate (SLR). Furthermore, the food-tomicroorganism (F/M) ratio decreased from 0.101 to 0.038 as the HRT increased from 1 to 2.5 hours. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the MBSBR exhibits a high level of efficiency in removing TC from hospital wastewater.

A waste-to-wealth conversion of plastic bottles into effective carbon-based adsorbents for removal of tetracycline antibiotic from water

Currently, plastic waste and antibiotic wastewater are two of the most critical environmental problems, calling for urgent measures to take. A waste-to-wealth strategy for the conversion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles into value-added materials such as carbon composite is highly recommended to clean wastewater contaminated by antibiotics. Inspired by this idea, we develop a novel PET-AC-ZFO composite by incorporating PET plastic-derived KOH-activated carbon (AC) with ZnFe2O4 (ZFO) particles for adsorptive removal of tetracycline (TTC). PET-derived carbon (PET-C), KOH-activated PET-derived carbon (PET-AC), and PET-AC-ZFO were characterized using physicochemical analyses. Central composite design (CCD) was used to obtain a quadratic model by TTC concentration (K), adsorbent dosage (L), and pH (M). PET-AC-ZFO possessed micropores (d ≈ 2 nm) and exceptionally high surface area of 1110 m2 g−1. Nearly 90% TTC could be removed by PET-AC-ZFO composite. Bangham kinetic and Langmuir isotherm were two most fitted models. Theoretical maximum TTC adsorption capacity was 45.1 mg g−1. This study suggested the role of hydrogen bonds, pore-filling interactions, and π-π interactions as the main interactions of the adsorption process. Thus, a strategy for conversion of PET bottles into PET-AC-ZFO can contribute to both plastic recycling and antibiotic wastewater mitigation.

Performance of Traditional and Emerging Water-Treatment Technologies in the Removal of Tetracycline Antibiotics

Performance of Traditional and Emerging Water-Treatment Technologies in the Removal of Tetracycline Antibiotics

Low concentration of peroxymonosulfate coupled with visible light triggers oxygen reactive species generation over constructed Bi25FeO40/BiOCl Z-scheme heterojunction for various tetracycline antibiotics removal

Photocatalytic peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation systems demonstrate significant potential and promising prospects through the interconnection of photocatalytic and PMS oxidation for simultaneously achieving efficient pollutant removal and reduction of PMS dosage, which prevents resource wastage and secondary pollution. In this study, a Z-scheme Bi25FeO40/BiOCl (BOFC) heterojunction was constructed to carry out the photocatalytic PMS oxidation process for tetracyclines (TCs) pollutants at low PMS concentrations (0.08 mM). The photocatalytic PMS oxidation rate of Bi25FeO40/BiOCl composites for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and doxycycline (DXC) reaches 86.6%, 83.6%, 86.7%, and 88.0% within 120 min. Simultaneously, the BOFC/PMS system under visible light (Vis) equally displayed the practical application prospects for the solo and mixed simulated TCs antibiotics wastewater. Based on the electron spin resonance (ESR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) valence band spectrum, a Z-scheme electron migration pathway was proposed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the performance enhancement of BOFC composites. Bi25FeO40 in BOFC composites can serve as active site for activating PMS by the formation of Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle. Toxicity estimation software tool (T.E.S.T.) and mung beans planting experiment demonstrates that BOFC/PMS/Vis system can reduce toxicity of TCs wastewater. Therefore, BOFC/PMS/Vis system achieves efficient examination in different water environments and efficient utilization of PMS, which displays a scientific reference for achieving environmentally-friendly and resource-saving handling processes.

Degradation of oxytetracycline by ferrate(VI): Treatment optimization, UHPLC-MS/MS and toxicological studies of the degradation products, and impact of urea and creatinine on the removal

The degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) by ferrate(VI) for its application in wastewater treatment was investigated. The degradation conditions such as pH, reaction time, and molar ratio of ferrate(VI) to OTC were optimized by central composite design and response surface methodology. The most efficient, 90 % removal of OTC was obtained at pH 3, molar ratio ferrate(VI)/OTC of 3, and reaction time of 60 s. In the first step, demethylation, deamidation, and hydroxylation derivatives of OTC were formed. The end-products of the OTC degradation were hydroxyaliphatic amines and phenolic compounds formed from ring scission in the tetracene moiety of OTC. The end-products were not toxic to both bacteria (MARA and Microtox®) and protozoa (Spirotox) tests. Urea and creatinine are the major nitrogenous end-products of human metabolism occurring in municipal wastewater. Therefore, the impact of creatinine and urea on removal of OTC was also investigated. The presence of creatinine at investigated molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 did not affect the removal of OTC by ferrate(VI). The removal of OTC was 90 % after 60 s. However, after 60 s, in the presence of urea at molar ratio OTC/urea 1:1, removal efficiency was reduced from 90 to 80 %, whereas, at higher molar ratio of 1:2, the efficiency was 90 %. It may be explained by the formation of urea radicals that may facilitate the degradation of OTC by ferrate(VI) and its degradation products. The urea radicals may also induce formation of more reactive ferrate(V) or ferrate(IV) species. The ferrate was also applied to remove OTC from treated wastewater. Overall study results have shown thatferrate(VI) has a good potential for use in removal of tetracycline antibiotics from wastewater.

Sensitive dual-signal detection and effective removal of tetracycline antibiotics in honey based on a hollow triple-metal organic framework nanozymes

In this work, a colorimetric/fluorescent dual-signal mode sensor is proposed for the sensitive, selective and accurate detection and removal of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs). A triple-metal MOF of NiCoFe is successfully synthesized and controllable adjusted the shape of the hollow structure for the first time, and then modified with TCs aptamer. The as-prepared triple-atom MOF (apt-NiCoFe-MOF-74) exhibits well-defined hollow morphology, high crystallinity, and high surface areas endow their alluring adsorption and removal performances for TCs. More attractively, this triple-metal MOF show a good peroxidase-like activity and strong fluorescence property at 540 nm of apt-NiCoFe-MOF-74 when excitation wavelength was 370 nm. Inspire by this, a dual-signal output biosensor is constructed and the linear absorbance response is well correlated with wide range and low LOD for TCs. The biosensor provided an universal method with satisfactory sensitivity and accuracy for TCs analysis in real food samples.