Tetra Pack Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF PACKAGES PRODUCTION PROCESSES ON PACKAGE ERGONOMICS (Case study of opening system of tetra pack milk package)

THE IMPACT OF PACKAGES PRODUCTION PROCESSES ON PACKAGE ERGONOMICS (Case study of opening system of tetra pack milk package)

Changes in Antioxidant Compounds during the Shelf Life of Commercial Tomato Juices in Different Packaging Materials

Tomatoes provide an optimal mix of dietary antioxidants that may be responsible for the reported health benefits of tomato consumption. However, technological processing, packaging materials, and storage conditions have an impact on the nutritional quality of tomato products by affecting the stability of antioxidant nutrients to different extents. In this study, we evaluated the stability of the antioxidant compounds (lycopene, ascorbic acid, total phenols, and total flavonoids) present in commercially available tomato juices during storage extended for 12 months at three different temperatures (8, 22, and 37 degrees C). To further characterize the impact of storage conditions, two commonly used packaging materials (Tetra pack and glass bottles) were used to determine whether packaging materials affect antioxidant stability. Overall, the total lycopene, total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids remained almost stable during storage for 12 months, regardless of the packaging material used, indicating that tomato juices maintain their nutritional value in terms of antioxidant composition during their shelf life. However, ascorbic acid was the most labile antioxidant and was markedly affected by storage conditions. The hydrophilic total antioxidant activity (TAA) paralleled the losses in ascorbic acid content, whereas the lipophilic TAA remained substantially stable throughout the storage trial.

EFFECT OF PACKAGING MATERIALS AND STORAGE TEMPERATURE ON QUALITY OF SOME LOCAL FRUIT JUICES

Recent processed orange, mango and guava juices packed in Tetra-Pack, aluminum, foil plastic and glass containers were collected from the local market and evaluated chemically and microbiologically periodically every two months, during 12 months storage at refrigeration temperature (4oC) and room temperature (22-27oC). Results showed that total titrabble acidity (TTA) of the juices decreased in a descending order as follow, aluminum packages, Tetra Pack packages, plastic bottles and glass bottles for juices stored at 4˚C and room temperature .however non-enzymatic browning increased in an ascending order as follows Tetra Pack, aluminum, plastic bottles and glass bottles up to 6 months then started to decrease in the same order. The flavanones content was only affected by the time of storage while the effect of storage temperature and packaging material was quite slight. The material which presented the lowest retention of both ascorbic acid and b-carotene was found to be in glass followed by plastic containers. The aluminum packages presented a poor retention of ascorbic acid. Fruit juice stored at the refrigeration temperature (4oC) retained the desired quality attributes in juices better than juices stored at room temperature (22-27oC). Glass bottles gave greater protection against degradation of the chemical attributes of the fruit juices

Effects of Oxygen on Pyrolysis Kinetics of Tetra Pack

The effects of oxygen on the pyrolysis of tetra pack, a principal component of municipal solid wastes in Taiwan, were investigated with a thermal gravimetric analysis ~TGA! reaction system. The pyrolysis experiments of tetra pack were carried out in four different oxygen concentrations (CO2 , 5.37, 10.40, 14.82, and 20.95%! at the heating rates of 5.25, 10.36, and 15.06 K/min. The TGA curves indicated two principal reactions, distinguished by significant and distinct mass changes over the experimental range. Oxygen enhanced the pyrolysis reaction of tetra pack. A kinetic model was proposed for the pyrolysis of the tetra pack in an oxygen environment. The corresponding activation energies, preexponential factors, and reaction orders were determined. The experimental results were satisfactorily fitted by the proposed kinetic model. DOI: 10.1061/~ASCE!0733-9372~2003!129:4~382! CE Database subject headings: Pyrolysis; Kinetics; Oxygen; Solid wastes.

Pyrolysis of tetra pack in municipal solid waste

AbstractThe pyrolysis of tetra pack in nitrogen was investigated with a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reaction system. The pyrolysis kinetics experiments for the tetra pack and its main components (kraft paper and low‐density poly(ethene) (LDPE)) were carried out at heating rates (β) of 5.2, 12.8, 21.8 K min−1. The results indicated that the one‐reaction model and two‐reaction model could be used to describe the pyrolysis of LDPE and kraft paper respectively. The total reaction rate of tetra pack can be expressed by the summation of the individual class of LDPE and kraft paper by multiplying the weighting factors. The pyrolysis products experiments were carried out at a constant heating rate of 5.2 K min−1. The gaseous products were collected at room temperature (298 K) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The residues were collected at some significant pyrolysis reaction temperatures and analyzed by an elemental analyzer (EA) and X‐ray powdered diffraction (XRPD). The accumulated masses and the instantaneous concentrations of gaseous products were obtained under the experimental conditions. The major gaseous products included non‐hydrocarbons (CO2, CO, and H2O) and hydrocarbons (C1–5). In the XRPD analysis, the results indicated that pure aluminum foil could be obtained from the final residues. The proposed model may be supported by the pyrolysis mechanisms with product distribution.© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry

Pyrolysis Products of Tetra Pack in Different Oxygen Concentrations

The tetra pack is one of the principal materials in municipal solid wastes (MSW). The amount of waste tetra pack is over 6000 tons per year in Taiwan. The components of tetra pack are kraft paper (about 70 wt %), low-density polyethylene (LDPE, about 25 wt %), and aluminum foil (about wt 5%), generally. Accordingly, its conversion to useful fuels as well as the recycling aluminum foil has become a worthy goal from not an economic, but also from an environmental standpoint. In this study, the experiments for the partial oxidation of tetra pack were carried out with a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reaction system. The pyrolysis reactions of tetra pack were performed in four different oxygen concentrations (CO2) of 5.4, 10.4, 14.8, and 21.0% for analyzing the pyrolysis products. The gaseous products were collected at room temperature (298 K) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The residues were collected at the pyrolysis temperatures 575, 656, 700, 730, and 1073 K and analyzed by elemental analyzer, ...