Mean Difference Test Research Articles

Problem-based learning textbook: Its effect on improving creative thinking skills

Mathematics textbooks that provide more descriptions of material and routine problems used so far cannot facilitate students in active learning activities. The lack of active students in learning activities causes creative thinking skills not to develop optimally. This paper aims to describe how problem-based learning textbooks can facilitate students in solving problems with different or varied solutions and even something new to foster creative thinking skills. This problem-based textbook has been developed and is one of the research products of IAIN Metro lecturers in 2021. This research is an experimental study consisting of experimental and control groups. Data collection techniques using tests and observations. The test data were analyzed using the mean difference test using the Mann-Whitney formula, while the observation data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings of this study are constructive learning activities and open problems contained in problem-based learning textbooks significantly improve creative thinking skills. It is shown that the increase in creative thinking skills of students who study using problem-based learning textbooks is substantially higher than students who study using other textbooks. Thus, problem-based learning textbooks contribute to improving students' creative thinking skills.

Pengaruh Pendekatan Steam Berbasis Project based learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berfikir Kreatif Dan Berfikir Kritis Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Siswa SMP Labschool Cibubur (Quasi Eksperimen)

Era teknologi yang kini dikenal dengan era revolusi industri 4.0. berfokus pada perkembangan teknologi tinggi yang juga mempengaruhi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang berkembang pesat. Perubahan signifikan terjadi dalam dunia pendidikan untuk mempersiapkan model pembelajaran baru di abad 21, kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif, kemampuan berinovasi, kemampuan menemukan solusi permasalahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh pendekatan STEAM berbasis pembelajaran berbasis proyek terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kritis matematika siswa SMP Labschool Cibubur. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian nonequivalent pretest posttest control group pada siswa kelas 8 SMP Labschool Cibubur tahun ajaran 2022-2023 untuk mata pelajaran matematika. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Labschool Cibubur dimana sampel penelitiannya adalah dua kelas yang telah dipilih sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol dengan menggunakan teknik multistage random sampling yaitu: teknik cluster random sampling kemudian dilakukan simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan Uji Anova, Uji Independent Sample t-Test, dan Uji Anacova. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji beda rata-rata pre-test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan antara nilai F sampel berpikir kritis (critical Thinking) 0,4720 < 3,328 dan nilai F berpikir kreatif (creative Thinking) 0,0392 < 3,328 (p 0,000 < 0,005). Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan pendekatan STEM berbasis pembelajaran proyek terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan berpikir kritis matematis di SMP Labschool Cibubur (t-hitung = 3,53 > t-tabel = 1,69552) (p 0,000 < 0,005 ) dengan pengaruh sebesar 80% (cohen effect size 0,88) (p 0,000 <0,005). Pendekatan STEM berbasis project based learning memberikan pengaruh sebesar 23,3% (F Hitung 14,62, p<0,001) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan 17,2% (F Hitung 10,80, p<0,001) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika. Penerapan pendekatan STEM berbasis pembelajaran proyek dapat menjadi model pembelajaran inovatif yang menyenangkan dan menantang untuk menghasilkan ide dan solusi yang kreatif dan kritis.

SPIRITUAL EMOTIONAL FREEDOM TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE SLEEP QUALITY FOR POSTPARTUM MOTHERS

Background: Sleep quality disorders are a problem that postpartum mothers often experience. The postpartum is the period after giving birth or commonly called the puerperium, which is the period after giving birth that is needed to restore the uterine organs. Post-partum mothers experience sleep quality disorders both due to new roles and changes during the postpartum period. Sleep quality that is not treated properly can bring changes that can affect physical and psychological problems. Thus, it needs to interfere with the sleep quality of post-partum mothers. Objectives: This study aimed to prove that the Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) was also beneficial in improving sleep quality in postpartum mothers. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental pre-and post-test design with a control group. The research subjects were 56 postpartum mothers treated at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang in June and September 2021, divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention was carried out twice a week for four weeks, with a SEFT duration of 20 minutes. The control group received standard therapy in the form of dhikr therapy. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PQSI) questionnaire used seven assessment components to measure research outcomes. The univariate analysis used central tendency in the form of the mean, median, and standard deviation. The different test of sleep quality before and after the intervention in the intervention group was carried out by the Wilcoxon match pair test (abnormal distribution), while the control group used paired t-test (normal distribution). For the mean difference test between groups, it used Mann Whitney test. Results: The mean score of sleep quality in the intervention group before treatment was 10,86 + 1,79 (poor sleep quality) and after treatment decreased significantly (p=0,00) to 5,25 + 1,46 (still in poor sleep quality). The quality of sleep in the control group before treatment was 10,89 + 1,89 and after the intervention was 10,71 + 2,35 with p=0,47. The components of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, and sleep disturbance in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the control group. Conclusion: The SEFT intervention can significantly improve sleep quality in postpartum mothers, but it is still in the poor category. Besides, the sleep quality score can be considerably improved, especially in four of the seven components.

Resident Factors Associated With Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infections.

To examine incidence of and resident characteristics associated with breakthrough infections (BTIs) and severe illness among residents with 2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccinations. Retrospective cohort study. Nursing home (NH) residents who completed their primary series of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination by March 31,2021. Electronic health records and Minimum Data Set assessments from a multistate NH data consortium were used to identify BTI and severe illness (a composite measure of hospitalization and/or death within 30days of BTI) occurring prior to November 24, 2021. A t test for differences in means was used to compare covariates for residents with and without BTI. Finally, we estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for BTI with 95% CIs using a modified Poisson regression approach, comparing residents with BTI vs residents without. We adjusted for facility fixed effects in our model. Our sample included 23,172 residents from 984 NHs who were at least 14days past their second mRNA vaccine dose. Of those, 1173 (5%) developed an incident COVID-19 BTI (mean follow-up time: 250days). Among residents with BTI, 8.6% were hospitalized or died within 30days of BTI diagnosis. Factors associated with severe illness included age ≥85years (IRR 2.08, 95% CI 1.08-4.02, reference age <65years), bowel incontinence (IRR 1.73, 95% CI 1.01-2.99), coronary artery disease (IRR 1.96, 95% CI 1.31-2.94), chronic kidney disease (IRR 1.65, 95% CI 1.07-2.54), and schizophrenia (IRR 2.38, 95% CI 1.19-4.75). Among vaccinated NH residents, BTIs and associated severe illness are rare. Residents aged ≥85years and with certain comorbidities appear to be the most vulnerable. Given that the pandemic continues and testing policies have relaxed, these data provide prognostic information for NH facilities faced with continued outbreaks.

Herbal supplementation improves clinical outcomes among diabetes mellitus patients

Hyperglycemic conditions are still common in diabetes melllitus (DM) patients with routine therapy. Rural communities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta habitually consume herbal medicines. Herbal nutritional supplements (MHM) were developed as additional therapy to increase the success of achieving therapeutic targets for DM patients. This study aimed to identify the clinical picture of DM patients who were given MHM at public health center (PHC) in the rural areas of Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. This retrospective study was conducted on 94 DM patients with routine therapy. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and had agreed to the informed consent were divided into two groups. Patients in the treatment group were asked to consume herbal supplement preparations (MHM) for 20 days. On day 21, each group measured clinical outcome parameters (blood pressure, blood glucose levels, triglycerides, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), liver enzymes, urea, and creatinine). The mean difference test between the two groups (t-test) was carried out using a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the consumption of MHM herbal nutritional supplements for 20 days reduced blood sugar levels, Hb A1C levels, and urea levels (p&amp;lt;0.05). There were no differences in blood pressure, pulse, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and creatinine levels between the two groups (p&amp;gt;0.05). Administration of MHM for 20 days increased clinical outcomes in blood sugar, HbA1c, and urea levels in DM patients at PHC.

Pharmacies'income and its effective factors in Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Financial assessment of pharmacies and the factors affecting it is an important issue in health system and pharmaceutical industry. The present study aimed to analyze the revenue of pharmacies in Iran and the factors affecting it. In the present study revenue data of all active pharmacies in Shiraz in 2018 (n = 298) were gathered using a checklist. Descriptive statistics, mean difference test, correlation, and regression analysis were performed for statistical evaluation. Heteroskedasticity and multicollinearity also were checked. Stata 15 was used for statistical analysis. Average monthly income of the pharmacies was $82,879 USD (SD = 30,635). The monthly revenue of 24 hpharmacies was about $6560 higher than that of the daily pharmacies. The pharmacies founded by non-pharmacists made about $44,038 more than others, and the pharmacies located on main streets earned over $84,247 more than the ones located on side streets. Besides, the pharmacies inside or near hospitals, clinics, or physician buildings made more money than others. Correlation analysis also showed that the pharmacies'working years, the number of adjacent pharmacies, the number of OTC prescriptions, and the number of staff working at the cosmetics counters had a positive relationship with the pharmacies'income. Final findings indicated that 24 hpharmacies, pharmacies located on main streets, the ones located in hospitals or private clinics and physician buildings, pharmacies with more OTC prescriptions, and the ones with a larger number of employees in the cosmetics departments had higher monthly revenues.

Effects of Counseling on the Quality of Life of MDR Lung TB Patients

Research shows initiatives to combat the TB virus. Patients with MDR-Lung Tuberculosis are worried about their quality of life, according to recently completed research in Indonesia. Patients with MDR-TB may benefit from counseling to enhance their quality of life. Study aims to analyze effect of counseling on changes in the quality of life of MDR-TB patients. A quasi-experimental design with a randomized pretest and posttest control group is used in this kind of research. 38 patients from the Undata Palu Hospital who were randomly chosen between May and November 2022 made up the study's samples. The data were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, the Mann Whitney test, and the two mean difference tests. Each participant receives counseling sessions seven times over the course of a six-month period. Counseling using the SOWAN approach is supported by observation, well-being, action, and nursing. The research ethics number for this study is 0011.7/KEPK-KPK/IV/2022 This research received a research ethics number 0011.7/KEPK-KPK/IV/2022 from the Research Ethics Commission of the Ministry of Health Poltekkes Palu. The result of this research show it has been shown that counseling MDR lung TB patients at Undata Palu Hospital improves their quality of life to the point that ongoing counseling is necessary for MDR lung TB patients and can reduce the occurrence of MDR TB.

0423 The Role of Fear of Sleep in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and Cognitive Processing Therapy

Abstract Introduction Fear of sleep (FoS) is linked to symptoms of PTSD. Additionally, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTi) can reduce FoS. Utilizing data from a randomized controlled trial of CBTi followed by Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD (CPT), this secondary data analysis sought to examine the relationship between FoS and PTSD symptoms, and how FoS is impacted by CBTi, in individuals exposed to interpersonal violence with PTSD. Additionally, we sought to extend the literature by examining whether FoS predicts the effect of subsequent CPT on PTSD severity or if CPT further reduces FoS. Methods A sample of 83 participants were randomly assigned to either receive sequential delivery of four weekly sessions of CBTi, which included modules to address FoS, followed by 12 weekly sessions of CPT (Group 1: CBTi+CPT) or receive four weekly phone check-ins (CTRL) followed by CPT (Group 2: CTRL+CPT). Participants were assessed at baseline (T1), after CBTi/CTRL (T2), and after CPT (T3). Relevant measures included the Fear of Sleep Inventory (FoSI) and Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Analyses included correlations, mean differences tests, and regression-based analyses. Results At T1 FoSI and CAPS were positively correlated (r = 0.47, p &amp;lt; 0.001). At T2 a significant reduction in FoSI scores was observed after CBTi/CTRL for Group 1 (t = 4.81, p &amp;lt; 0.001), but not Group 2, and a significant difference in FoSI scores between Group 1 and Group 2, all while controlling for baseline differences (F (1, 80) = 3.99, p &amp;lt; 0.05). Lastly, for the entire sample lower T2 FoSI scores predicted lower T3 CAPS scores (B = 0.42, p &amp;lt; 0.01) and FoS was not further reduced following CPT. Conclusion Results replicate previous work by demonstrating a positive relationship between FoS and PTSD severity. Additionally, FoSI was significantly reduced after CBTi. Lastly, lower levels of FoS predicted reduced PTSD symptoms following CPT, although CPT was not associated with significant reductions in FoS. Results highlight that CBTi that explicitly addresses FoS may reduce FoS, and findings also suggest that effectively reducing FoS prior to PTSD treatment may improve treatment outcomes. Support (if any) NIH/NINR R01 NR013909; VA Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention

Lipoprotein(a) Genotype Influences the Clinical Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

Background Evidence suggests that LPA risk genotypes are a possible contributor to the clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). This study aimed at determining the prevalence of LPA risk variants in adult individuals with FH enrolled in the Italian LIPIGEN (Lipid Transport Disorders Italian Genetic Network) study, with (FH/M+) or without (FH/M-) a causative genetic variant. Methods and Results An lp(a) [lipoprotein(a)] genetic score was calculated by summing the number risk-increasing alleles inherited at rs3798220 and rs10455872 variants. Overall, in the 4.6% of 1695 patients with clinically diagnosed FH, the phenotype was not explained by a monogenic or polygenic cause but by genotype associated with high lp(a) levels. Among 765 subjects with FH/M- and 930 subjects with FH/M+, 133 (17.4%) and 95 (10.2%) were characterized by 1 copy of either rs10455872 or rs3798220 or 2 copies of either rs10455872 or rs3798220 (lp(a) score ≥1). Subjects with FH/M- also had lower mean levels of pretreatment low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than individuals with FH/M+ (t test for difference in means between FH/M- and FH/M+ groups <0.0001); however, subjects with FH/M- and lp(a) score ≥1 had higher mean (SD) pretreatment low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (223.47 [50.40] mg/dL) compared with subjects with FH/M- and lp(a) score=0 (219.38 [54.54] mg/dL for), although not statistically significant. The adjustment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels based on lp(a) concentration reduced from 68% to 42% the proportion of subjects with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥190 mg/dL (or from 68% to 50%, considering a more conservative formula). Conclusions Our study supports the importance of measuring lp(a) to perform the diagnosis of FH appropriately and to exclude that the observed phenotype is driven by elevated levels of lp(a) before performing the genetic test for FH.

Brand Name Language: Is it True That Foreign Brand Names are More Qualified, Luxurious and Modern?

The purpose of this study is to see whether product brand names that use foreign languages, especially English, are perceived as higher quality, more luxurious, and more modern than product brand names that use local languages by consumers in developing countries. The population in this study were residents of Banten Province, Indonesia. Data collection using a questionnaire distributed via google form and collected as many as 275 respondents' answers. The analysis method uses paired sample mean difference test. The results showed that foreign brand names that use foreign languages are perceived as higher quality, more luxurious, and more modern than brand names that use local languages. Therefore, giving product brand names whose markets are consumers in developing countries, using foreign language brand names, especially English, will be preferred by consumers.

CEP55: an immune-related predictive and prognostic molecular biomarker for multiple cancers

BackgroundCentrosomal protein 55 (CEP55) plays a significant role in specific cancers. However, comprehensive research on CEP55 is lacking in pan-cancer.MethodsIn-house and multi-center samples (n = 15,823) were used to analyze CEP55 in 33 cancers. The variance of CEP55 expression levels among tumor and control groups was evaluated by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and standardized mean difference (SMD). The clinical value of CEP55 in cancers was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Cox regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves. The correlations between CEP55 expression and the immune microenvironment were explored using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.ResultsThe data of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats confirmed that CEP55 was essential for the survival of cancer cells in multiple cancer types. Elevated CEP55 mRNA expression was observed in 20 cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme (p < 0.05). CEP55 mRNA expression made it feasible to distinguish 21 cancer types between cancer specimens and their control samples (AUC = 0.97), indicating the potential of CEP55 for predicting cancer status. Overexpression of CEP55 was correlated with the prognosis of cancer individuals for 18 cancer types, exhibiting its prognostic value. CEP55 expression was relevant to tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, neoantigen counts, and the immune microenvironment in various cancers (p < 0.05). The expression level and clinical relevance of CEP55 in cancers were verified in lung squamous cell carcinoma using in-house and multi-center samples (SMD = 4.07; AUC > 0.95; p < 0.05).ConclusionCEP55 may be an immune-related predictive and prognostic marker for multiple cancers, including lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Effect of Project Based Learning Model on Science Literacy Skills of Grade V Elementary School Students

This study aims to see the effect of project-based learning model in improving science literacy skills of elementary school students. This study used a non-equivalent control group research design with 56 samples divided into experimental and control groups. The instruments used were science literacy tests and observation sheets. The results of the pretest and posttest mean difference test of the control group using paired sample T-test. The results of data calculation obtained Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000, p&lt;0.05, so it can be concluded that there is a difference between the pretest and posttest results in the control group. The results of this test indicate that the treatment given to both the experimental and control classes has an effect on science literacy skills. It is concluded that the project-based learning model can effectively improve students' literacy skills based on the research conducted. The results of the analysis of science literacy skills of students whose learning uses project-based learning are higher than students who do not use project-based learning.

APPLICATION OF TWO GROUPS ANALYSIS AND CLUSTER ANALYSIS ON COMPARISON OF CHARACTERISTICS OF PAGARALAM COFFEE FARMERS CATEGORIES

Land care is one of the factors that must be considered in the sustainability of coffee production. A small number of Pagaralam coffee farmers know and apply reductant herbicide in weed control. This study aims to compare the characteristics of Pagaralam coffee farmers based on the use of reductant herbicide by using two groups analysis and cluster analysis. The characteristics of the farmers studied included 17 variables on 165 respondents who were selected by purposive sampling. The variables studied include land productivity and farmers' income. Respondents were divided into 2 categories, namely users and non-users of reductant herbicide. The initial stages of data processing in the form of descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing by mean difference test, correlation between variables, Principal Component Analysis, and biplot analysis. According to the results of the two groups analysis and cluster analysis, the variables dominantly tend to characterize the similarity in comparison between the categories of non-users and users are the variables that join into one cluster, namely land area, number of trees, coffee bean production, estimated yield, total harvest, Gross income, and Net income. While the variables that dominantly characterize the dissimilarity between the two categories are the variables that form 5 separate clusters, namely the clusters of plantation productivity, respondent identity, education, tree age, and length of harvest period.

연구실 안전 정보 활용이 기관 안전관리에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to confirm the degree of utilization of various laboratory safety-related information provided by the government in accordance with the Laboratory Safety Act enforced in 2006. In addition, it is to confirm the influence of safety-related information on laboratory field safety management. Through this, it is intended to check what kind of information provided by the government is helpful for institutional laboratory safety management, to confirm the performance of laboratory safety-related information provision, and to confirm the future direction of information provision. To this end, various laboratory safety-related information provided in accordance with the Laboratory Safety Act was nomadic, a questionnaire was developed, and a survey was conducted using it. A total of 1,288 copies of the survey were retrieved by e-mailing information to those subject to the Laboratory Safety Act and conducting the survey using an online URL. Of these, 1,071 copies were used for analysis, excluding insincere responses, and SPSS 25.0 was used to perform descriptive statistics, mean difference test between groups, and regression analysis. The main research results are as follows. First, the utilization of information related to laboratory safety accidents was the highest, and the majority of laboratory safety management data utilization was found to be higher in universities and research institutes than in a business-affiliated research institutes. Second, it was found that the status of laboratory accidents, published materials such as manuals and guidelines, and safety education information were helpful in preventing laboratory accidents and improving researchers' safety awareness, and also in research activities and work performance. Therefore, in the future, it is necessary for the government to provide the latest information by frequently updating various information provided to laboratories. In addition, since information related to laboratory safety management provides various help to laboratory safety, it is necessary to provide additional information to the institution through a demand survey to find out what information is desired in the field to help the institution's safety management work well.

Risk Assessment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) Diabetes Risk Test in Residents of Bah Bolon Village, Simalungun District

Background: The prevalence of DM Type 2 is expected to increase to 7079 per 100,000 individuals in 2030 and 7862 in 2040.Meanwhile, based on Riskesdas data, Indonesia has a prevalence of DM of 2.1% in 2013. The highest prevalence was in Deli Serdang (2.9%) and followed by Medan (2.7%), Pematang Siantar (2.2%), Asahan (2.1%), Gunungsitoli (2,1%), Simalungun (1.57%) and Mandailing Natal (0.3%). The ADA Diabetes Risk Test is a simple strategy that used for screening prediabetes and diabetes in asymptomatic adults. Simalungun Regency is one of the 10 districts with a high prevalence of DM after Medan, Pematang Siantar and Asahan.Bah Bolon Village is one of the villages located in Dolog Masagal District.Bah bolon village is a remote village and far from the city and health facilities covering 342 heads of families. Aim of study is to know about how much risk factor of DM type 2 in Simalungun Distric using ADA Diabetes Risk Test. Methods: This study is analytical with a cross-sectional retrospective design.Data were analyzed after distribution test, then mean difference and correlation test was using the SPPS program where p &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: This study showed that the prevalence ratio of the ADA Diabetes Risk Test was 3.04 which indicates that there is an increased risk of DM 3 times compared to individuals who have a low risk ADA Diabetes Risk Test score. The highest prevalence ratio is a history of hypertension. A history of hypertension increases the risk of developing T2DM sixfold. A history of hypertension has a 95% CI value of 2.19-17.84 which indicates that people with hypertension have a 2.19 to 17.84 times higher risk of developing T2DM. Conclusions: The significant association DM about 3 times in ADA Diabetes Risk Test between high score and low score, significant association between hypertension history with hyperglycemia. Keywords: DM Type 2, Risk Factors, ADA Diabetes Risk Test, Screening DM

Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Transportasi Pra dan Masa Pandemi Covid-19

The rapid spread of the Covid-19 outbreak certainly had a major impact on the Indonesian economy. The financial success of businesses involved in the transport sector is undoubtedly affected by this. This study aims to compare the financial performance of business actors in the transportation sector before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. To measure financial performance, the current ratio, return on assets, and return on equity will be used in this study. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive research. The population of this study includes all transportation-related companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2019-2020. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Wilcoxon signed rank test and Paired Sample t-test were used to test the hypothesis. SPSS 25 software is used in data management in this study. The findings show that there is a significant difference in the financial performance of transportation companies in terms of liquidity and profitability ratios during a pandemic from the evaluation results of the mean difference test using the Wilcoxon signed rank test method for the variable current ratio and return on equity with the SPSS program. The profitability ratios measured using the variable return on assets also show that there is a significant difference between financial performance before and during the Covid-19 pandemic which was tested using a paired sample t-test.

Watershed characteristics of West Progo dome and its implications on neotectonic

This geomorphological study discusses the characteristics of the watershed that compose the West Progo Dome, conducted using a field survey method, topographic map analysis, and remote sensing imagery. This is because the West Progo Dome is built by two different litology characteristics (volcanic and carbonate rocks) and different age. Analysis of watershed characteristics includes area, flow pattern, bifurcation ratio (Rb), and river density (Dd), accompanied by statistical analysis of the T2-Hotelling multivariate mean difference test. The results shows that the West Progo Dome has three large watersheds, namely the Bogowonto, Serang, and Progo watersheds, with an area of about 270.4, 110.9, and 140.3 km2, respectively. The drainage patterns in this area are dendritic, radial, sub-parallel, trellis, rectangular and angulate. Rb of drainage in the study area varies from low to high, indicating the presence of tectonic influences. The Rb value in System IIA is 2.0 - 5.8, and in System III is 1.290 - 6.630. The Dd value on System IIA is 0.921-1.592 km/km2 and on System III is 0.990-1.200 km/km2. This very rough Dd also indicates the presence of tectonic influences. The average Rb and Dd values between System IIA and System III were not significantly different. It means that tectonics influences the watershed morphometry in the West Progo Dome and is still active until the Quaternary (neotectonic).

The Effect of Massage Effleurage on the Back and Breasts on Milk Production in Postpartum Mothers in the Working Area of the Barong Tongkok Health Center in 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of massage effleurage on the back and breasts on milk production in postpartum mothers. This type of research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design by way of a pre-post test. The population in this study were all postpartum mothers who live in the working area of ​​the Barong Tongkok Health Center, totaling 50 people. Data collection was carried out directly using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis techniques used the Wilcoxon mean difference test for each group and the Mann Whitney test for differences in post test results between the two groups. Based on the research results obtained, it can be concluded that there is an effect of massage effleurage on milk production in postpartum mothers in the working area of ​​the Barong Tongkok Health Center in 2022 with a p-value ¬= 0.000 (&lt;0.05).

Difference- and regression-based approaches for detection of bias

ObjectiveThis simulation study was undertaken to assess the statistical performance of six commonly used rejection criteria for bias detection. MethodsThe false rejection rate (i.e. rejection in the absence of simulated bias) and the probability of bias detection were assessed for the following: difference in measurements for individual sample pair, the mean of the paired differences, t-statistics (paired t-test), slope < 0.9 or > 1.1, intercept > 50% of the lower limit of measurement range, and coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.95. The linear regressions evaluated were ordinary least squares, weighted least squares and Passing-Bablok regressions. A bias detection rate of < 50% and false rejection rates of >10% are considered unacceptable for the purpose of this study. ResultsRejection criteria based on regression slope, intercept and paired difference (10%) for individual samples have high false rejection rates and/ or low probability of bias detection. T-statistics (α = 0.05) performed best in low range ratio (lowest-to-highest concentration in measurement range) and low imprecision scenarios. Mean difference (10%) performed better in all other range ratio and imprecision scenarios. Combining mean difference and paired-t test improves the power of bias detection but carries higher false rejection rates. ConclusionsThis study provided objective evidence on commonly used rejection criteria to guide laboratory on the experimental design and statistical assessment for bias detection during method evaluation or reagent lot verification.

KOMPARASI REKSADANA SAHAM KONVENSIONAL DENGAN REKSADANA SAHAM SYARIAH

This study aims to determine whether there is a difference between the performance of Islamic mutual funds and conventional mutual funds in bullish and bearish market trends. The analytical method used is the mean difference test uses the independent sample t-test method, through the SPSS program by comparing the Jensen and Treynor indices. The samples of this study were 15 conventional mutual funds and 15 sharia mutual funds based on the highest achieved NAV. in each period 2017 as a bullish trend period and the 2020 period as a bearish trend period.&#x0D; Based on the Jensen index by Independent sample t-test in 2017 (bullish trend), there is a significant difference between the performance of conventional stock mutual funds and the performance of Islamic stock mutual funds and the performance of conventional stock mutual funds is better than Sharia, while in the 2020 (Bearish trend) there is no differene between performance of conventional equity mutual funds and performance of Islamic equity mutual funds. Based on the Treynor index by independent sample t-test in both bullish and bearish periods, there is no difference between the performance of conventional equity funds and the performance of Islamic equity funds