Convergent Validity Tests Research Articles

INFLUENCE OF SOCIALIZATION ON MSME COMPLIANCE BY MEDIATING UNDERSTANDING AND MODERATING KNOWLEDGE OF TAX VISITS

This study aims to determine the role of tax knowledge in being able to strengthen the relationship between tax socialization and understanding of taxpayers and understanding of taxpayers being able to mediate the relationship of socialization of tax visits or picktime to 151 MSMEs in the "Selecta" destination, Batu City - East Java - Indonesia. This research is included in survey research, but from a number of MSMEs that are eligible for data analysis, there are 148 because 3 respondents are considered unfit for processing. Testing mediation and moderation using WarpPLS in order to determine the mediating role of the taxpayer understanding variable and the moderating role of the taxpayer knowledge variable. WarpPLS is also used to test the fit of external models which include convergent validity tests and composite reliability, compositer Realiability, Model Fit and Quality Indices. The results show that understanding taxpayers is able to mediate the impact of "Picktime" socialization on taxpayer compliance, while knowledge of tax visits can strengthen the relationship of tax visit socialization to taxpayer compliance, especially knowledge related to providing ease of use of the picktime application and being able to increase the influence of socialization on taxpayer understanding tax to get a queue number make a face-to-face appointment with the tax officer

KEINGINAN BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA PADA PENGARUH KOMPETENSI KEWIRAUSAHAAN, MOTIVASI BERWIRAUSAHA DAN KREATIVITAS BERWIRAUSAHA

The main objective of this study is to determine the entrepreneurial desire of students on the influence of entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial creativity on students at the University of West Jakarta. The research design uses a quantitative descriptive approach. Data in the study were obtained from 175 respondents who are university students in West Jakarta using a questionnaire as a data collection tool with the survey method. Data analysis in this study using the SEM PLS test tool was carried out testing discriminat validity, convergent validity, composite reliability, outer model, inner model and hypothesis testing. The first stage in this study is to test the validity of the questions of each variable along with their reliability. The second stage tests the influence of each variable. The results showed that there is an influence of entrepreneurial competence, entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial creativity on student entrepreneurial desire.

Perceived work identity deprivation: the construct, measurement, and validity

PurposeThis research aims to present the results of a study that operationalizes the construct of perceived work identity deprivation (PWID) and examines its validity.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a mixed method design in this study where a Likert-type scale to measure PWID was developed based on the interviews of 40 workers and the questionnaires of 625 participants successively. Later, the generalizability of the scale was tested through quantitative data from 412 workers. Finally, validity analysis was conducted based on 380 usable questionnaires. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 24 and Mplus 7.0.FindingsThe findings of the study indicate that the reliability measures, exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analysis and subsequent convergent and discriminant validity tests support the PWID scale. The nomological validity of PWID is also presented, which demonstrates its predictive validity.Originality/valueDespite highlighting the importance of work identity, prior research lacked to provide empirical foundations to understand this perception. This study fills this gap in the literature by providing a measure of PWID, distinguishing it from similar constructs and establishing convergent, discriminant and nomological validity. Moreover, by extending the range of theoretical and measurable deprivation of work identity, the authors hope to allow research to take into account a more complete picture of it. PWID scale can be used to develop more relevant suppression plans.

Tracking Home-Owners’ Sentiments: Subjective Indices and Convergent Validity

Abstract Surveys regularly ask home-owners to guess what their property might be worth in the current housing market. We develop suitable statistical techniques to construct hedonic and repeat-sales style house price indices from these owner-estimated values (OEVs). The resulting series are then linked to a large set of quality-adjusted residential property price indices estimated from transaction data allowing us to perform a variety of convergent validity tests. Based on results for 20 countries, several decades and different OEV elicitation techniques, we conclude that the “wisdom of the home-owner crowd” is sufficient to study objective house price dynamics. Yet, surveys fail to accurately measure house price levels.

Construct and discriminant validity testing of the FACE-Q Head and Neck Cancer Module for assessing speech and swallowing outcomes for patients undergoing maxillectomy or mandibulectomy.

The FACE-Q H&N is a patient reported outcome measure covering multiple constructs for patients with head and neck tumors. Additional testing is needed to determine suitability in assessing speech- and swallowing-related quality of life and function. FACE-Q H&N, The M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and Speech Handicap Index (SHI) scores were collected from two patient cohorts who had undergone jaw reconstruction. Construct validity was assessed using convergent validity testing and known groups testing to assess discriminant validity. A priori hypotheses testing demonstrated strong correlations (ρ > 0.6, p < 0.05) between FACE-Q H&N eating and drinking, swallowing and eating distress scales with MDADI subscales, and between FACE-Q H&N speech function and distress scales and the SHI. Known groups testing demonstrated all instruments could delineate outcomes among patients who had radiation, advanced tumors, and tracheostomy. The FACE-Q H&N may be an alternative for the SHI and MDADI in this patient cohort.

The development and validation of the Leisure Internet Usage Scale (LIUS)

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the main constructs related to internet usage for the purpose of leisure and develop a valid and reliable scale to analyse participation in internet activities. By reviewing the literature and the based-on semi-structured focus group interviews, the factors for the internet activity participation were determined. The data were collected from two different participant groups, and exploratory factor analysis (n = 283) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 307) were performed on the data respectively. The results showed that four factors were linked to leisure activity participation: i) information/self-improvement; ii) shopping, iii) multimedia usage, and iv) social interaction. The validity of the scale was calculated through content, convergent, and divergent validity tests. Internal consistency and stability of the scale were determined through Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation coefficients. In conclusion, the findings revealed that Leisure Internet Usage Scale was a valid and reliable instrument.

Psychometric validation of the sibling inventory of behavior in three- to six-year-old Chinese children.

With increasing attention on sibling relationship studies in China, one problem that has been neglected is the limited validation of instruments used to assess these relationships. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Sibling Inventory of Behavior to measure Chinese children's sibling relationships using a stratified random sample of 590 parents of three- to six-year-olds in three economic regions. The confirmatory factor analysis obtained an adequate fit, suggesting that the Chinese version of the instrument had a six-factor structure (i.e., Companionship, Empathy, Teaching, Rivalry, Aggression, and Avoidance). It demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency as well as test-retest reliability. Results of discriminant, convergent, and criterion-related validity test also fulfilled psychometric requirements. Furthermore, the residual measurement invariance across regions was discovered. Given the importance, emergence, and tendency of sibling studies in China, having a reliable and valid instrument with robust psychometric properties is essential and impactful.

Development and validation of the multidimensional impacts of movement scale (MIMS) for yoga, weightlifting, and running.

Movement is an essential element in maintaining overall well-being, producing both physical and mental health benefits. Yoga is a mindful movement practice, with traditional yogic texts providing a framework, called the Koshas, that delineates how an intentional movement practice may impact multidimensional aspects of an individual. To date, no self-report measure examines the multifaceted ways that movement affects the individual at a physical and psychological level. Therefore, we developed the Multidimensional Impacts of Movement Scale (MIMS) by aligning ancient yogic traditions with current neuroscientific concepts. MIMS was developed based on the five categories of the Koshas; 9 questions per Kosha resulted in 45 total questions. Participants (n = 103) self-identified as having yoga, running, or weightlifting as their primary movement practice, engaging in this practice at least 30 min per session, once a week, for the past 3 months. Participants engaged in their usual movement practice and then (within 2 h of their workout session) completed the MIMS along with a series of previously validated questionnaires. After a period of 2 weeks, participants completed their normal movement practice once again and took the MIMS a second time to assess test-retest reliability and Cronbach's alpha. Validity testing included convergent and divergent validity testing through Pearson's product-moment correlations and confirmatory factor analysis. One-hundred and three participants completed all study measures. Test-retest reliability demonstrated stability over time (r = 0.737, p < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha was between 0.775 and 0.840 for each of the factors, p < 0.001. MIMS was sensitive to confirmatory and discriminatory validity testing. Validity was also demonstrated through confirmatory factor analysis (i.e., Chi Square, Comparative Fit Index, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation). MIMS is a valid and reliable tool to measure the multidimensional impacts of movement. The tool provides information about the effects of movement on a range of physical and psychological elements including subscales representing the body, energy, mind, intuition, and contentment. Physical activities that include aspects of mindfulness may demonstrate the most robust effects on the MIMS.

Reviewing of Indonesian students’ scientific communication skills: A structural equation modeling analysis

&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;To ensure the success of science learning oriented to higher order thinking skills, especially scientific communication skills (SCS), valid and effective instruments are needed. The existing instruments, although helpful, are still too general and have not touched the socio-cultural context. Therefore, we developed an instrument to measure SCS according to the characteristics of students in Indonesia. This study tested the validity, reliability and assumptions of the hypothetical model of the scientific communication skills inventory (SCSI) instrument developed. This study involved 1,287 students in Indonesia. The test was carried out through confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modelling (SEM) using AMOS version 21. The results of the analysis show that the reliability of the instrument based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is 0.720. The convergent validity test detected one item of the oral presentation indicator as invalid and the discriminant validity test confirmed that all instrument items were declared valid. The goodness of fit test shows all scores according to the recommended standard criteria so that SCSI can be used to identify the SCS ability profile of students in Indonesia. For further research, we recommend the development of a learning model that prioritizes the context of social issues to grow students’ SCS.&lt;/span&gt;

Laboratory-Based Examination of the Reliability and Validity of Kinematic Measures of Wrist and Finger Function Collected by a Telerehabilitation System in Persons with Chronic Stroke.

We have developed the New Jersey Institute of Technology-Home Virtual Rehabilitation System (NJIT-HoVRS) to facilitate intensive, hand-focused rehabilitation in the home. We developed testing simulations with the goal of providing richer information for clinicians performing remote assessments. This paper presents the results of reliability testing examining differences between in-person and remote testing as well as discriminatory and convergent validity testing of a battery of six kinematic measures collected with NJIT-HoVRS. Two different groups of persons with upper extremity impairments due to chronic stroke participated in two separate experiments. Data Collection: All data collection sessions included six kinematic tests collected with the Leap Motion Controller. Measurements collected include hand opening range, wrist extension range, pronation-supination range, hand opening accuracy, wrist extension accuracy, and pronation-supination accuracy. The system usability was evaluated by therapists performing the reliability study using the System Usability Scale. When comparing the in-laboratory collection and the first remote collection, the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for three of the six measurements were above 0.900 and the other three were between 0.500 and 0.900. Two of the first remote collection/second remote collection ICCs were above 0.900, and the other four were between 0.600 and 0.900. The 95% confidence intervals for these ICC were broad, suggesting that these preliminary analyses need to be confirmed by studies with larger samples. The therapist's SUS scores ranged from 70 to 90. The mean was 83.1 (SD = 6.4), which is consistent with industry adoption. There were statistically significant differences in the kinematic scores when comparing unimpaired and impaired UE for all six measures. Five of six impaired hand kinematic scores and five of six impaired/unimpaired hand difference scores demonstrated correlations between 0.400 and 0.700 with UEFMA scores. Reliability for all measures was acceptable for clinical practice. Discriminant and convergent validity testing suggest that scores on these tests may be meaningful and valid. Further testing in a remote setting is necessary to validate this process.

Psychometric Testing of the CEECCA Questionnaire to Assess Ability to Communicate among Individuals with Aphasia.

(1) Background: The CEECCA questionnaire assesses the ability to communicate among individuals with aphasia. It was designed using the NANDA-I and NOC standardised nursing languages (SNLs), reaching high content validity index and representativeness index values. The questionnaire was pilot-tested, demonstrating its feasibility for use by nurses in any healthcare setting. This study aims to identify the psychometric properties of this instrument. (2) Methods: 47 individuals with aphasia were recruited from primary and specialist care facilities. The instrument was tested for construct validity and criterion validity, reliability, internal consistency, and responsiveness. The NANDA-I and NOC SNLs and the Boston test were used for criterion validity testing. (3) Results: five language dimensions explained 78.6% of the total variance. Convergent criterion validity tests showed concordances of up to 94% (Cohen's κ: 0.9; p < 0.001) using the Boston test, concordances of up to 81% using DCs of NANDA-I diagnoses (Cohen's κ: 0.6; p < 0.001), and concordances of up to 96% (Cohen's κ: 0.9; p < 0.001) using NOC indicators. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.98. Reliability tests revealed test-retest concordances of 76-100% (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: the CEECCA is an easy-to-use, valid, and reliable instrument to assess the ability to communicate among individuals with aphasia.

The Reasons for Physicians and Pharmacists' Acceptance of Clinical Support Systems in Saudi Arabia.

This research aims to identify the technological and non-technological factors influencing user acceptance of the CDSS in a group of healthcare facilities in Saudi Arabia. The study proposes an integrated model that indicates the factors to be considered when designing and evaluating CDSS. This model is developed by integrating factors from the "Fit between Individuals, Task, and Technology" (FITT) framework into the three domains of the human, organization, and technology-fit (HOT-fit) model. The resulting FITT-HOT-fit integrated model was tested using a quantitative approach to evaluate the currently implemented CDSS as a part of Hospital Information System BESTCare 2.0 in the Saudi Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs. For data collection, a survey questionnaire was conducted at all Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs hospitals. Then, the collected survey data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This analysis included measurement instrument reliability, discriminant validity, convergent validity, and hypothesis testing. Moreover, a CDSS usage data sample was extracted from the data warehouse to be analyzed as an additional data source. The results of the hypotheses test show that usability, availability, and medical history accessibility are critical factors influencing user acceptance of CDSS. This study provides prudence about healthcare facilities and their higher management to adopt CDSS.

Filling the 8-Year-Old Gap in the Study of Well-Being: Cross-Cultural Assessment and Validation of a Subjective Well-Being Measure Across 19 Countries

Research on child well-being under 10 years old is limited. A first step towards stimulating research targeting this population is the validation of psychometric scales across cultures. The current study examines the cross-cultural validity of the Children’s Worlds - Subjective Well-being Scale (CS-SWBS-8-year-old version), a six-item subjective well-being scale in an international sample of 8-year-olds (N = 20,822) across 19 countries. A confirmatory factor analysis of the CW-SWBS-8yo showed adequate fit after structural equation modelling. Multi-group analysis supported scalar invariance when one of the countries (Chile) was not included in the model. When testing convergent validity, results suggested that the CW-SWBS-8yo is predicted by life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Overall, the findings support the use of the CW-SWBS-8yo in 8 year-olds in both eastern and western countries.

How to win the succession race: empirical analysis of Palestinian family businesses

PurposeFamily businesses (FBs) have a high rate of extinction through generations; hence, it is crucial for their owners to give succession planning top priority. In light of this, the study aims to determine the key factors that significantly influence effective succession.Design/methodology/approachThis study illuminates the crucial factors of effective succession among Palestinian FBs (PFBs) by relying on the relay race model. A self-administered questionnaire used to gather the data; partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data obtained from 282 participants based on the two-step approach to evaluate structural equation models. In the first analysis stage, measurement items’ validity and reliability were tested. Convergent and discriminant validity tests for the measurement (outer) model were performed. The square root of average variance extracted (AVE) and the correlation between latent constructs were compared to evaluate the discriminant validity. The structural (inner) model and hypotheses were tested in the second analysis stage. The research model’s hypotheses relations were predicted using the coefficient of determination (R2).FindingsAs they draw attention from existing and future founders and incumbents of FBs that successfully complete a succession process within the Palestinian setting, the findings offer a deeper understanding of the primary familial succession factors. Where it is important to place a focus, among other things, on familial bonding and trust placed in the next generation, as well as on next generation’s credentials and capabilities, financial and operational performance of FBs, next generations desire to join the business beside the job satisfaction and the financial returns they will earn. Additionally, findings show that the size of the FB and generation, as well as the incumbent’s age and education, have positive impact on the incumbents’ willingness to step down.Originality/valueThe value of this study comes from the following: first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first that conduct a quantitative analysis on succession factors, the thing that adds value to the PFBs literature. Second, this study adheres to its own willingness scale, as it aims to analyze other success factors that PFBs are not fully aware of, particularly, family bonding and trust, the qualifications and capabilities of the next generation, plus financial and operational performance of the FB.

Development and Initial Validation of Scores on the Inner Wealth Inventory: Implications for Human Service Management and Practice

ABSTRACT Human services professionals who work in child welfare face notable risks for burnout, which is associated with higher levels of job stress, job dissatisfaction, and turnover. The authors of this study developed and validated scores on the Inner Wealth Inventory (IWI), a screening tool for appraising Inner Wealth (IW), a strengths-based construct with implications for reducing burnout. The collective results of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity testing, and internal consistency reliability analyses supported the psychometric properties of the IWI with two independent samples of child welfare professionals. Implications for human service managers, researchers, and practitioners are discussed.

The Effect of National Insight and Religious Moderation on Radical Behavior of Secondary School Students

The study aimed to reveal the effect of nationalism, historical knowledge, religious moderation, Islamism, and radical thinking on radical behavior of the young generation in public high schools in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The samples were grade XII students from four schools out of 16 schools. All indicators met the requirements of the validity and reliability test with Cronbach’s alpha and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity test (variance extracted (VE) ≥ 0.50) obtained three constructs that meet the requirements to proceed to the analysis structure mode. The finding showed that nationalism construct did not affect the radical behavior construct with Sig. 0.203 &gt; 0.05, while religious moderation construct did not affect radical behavior construct with Sig. 0.629 &gt; 0.05. Meanwhile, the results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the constructs of nationalism and religious moderation simultaneously did not affect the construct of radical behavior. The finding illustrated that public high school students in Padang had a good understanding of nationalism and a moderate attitude in religious life so that there was no potential for the radicalism behavior among the young generation, especially for public high school students in Padang, West Sumatra. The practical implication of this research is that the school leaderships will formulate controlled regulations regarding the implementation of religious and clerical activities carried out by the Intraschool Student Organization (ISSO). In short, they will not be infiltrated by radical ideas from external parties.

Results of Adaptation of the Short Version of the Method of Expression of Cyberchondria in the Russian Sample

In recent years, our country and the whole world have faced a situation of a large-scale epidemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, which created favorable conditions for the development of cyberchondria. The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate the attention of researchers to the phenomenon of cyberchondria and to adapt the methodology for studying the severity of cyberchondria (CSS) in the Russian sample. The results of the exploratory factor analysis of the study data showed full compliance with the structure of the original questionnaire: 5 scales were identified, the validity of which was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. All scales showed an acceptable level of reliability in terms of internal consistency. During the test of convergent validity, explainable relationships were found between the scales of the questionnaire and indicators of tolerance for uncertainty, psychological well-being and addiction to social networks.

Investigating the role digital transformation and human resource management on the performance of the universitie

This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership (TL) on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), the relationship between TL and performance, TL and IWB, Leader member exchange (LMX) and OCB, LMX and performance, LMX and innovative work behavior ( IWB), organizational commitment (OC) and OCB, OC and performance, OC and IWB, digital transformation (DT) and OCB, DT and performance, DT and IWB, QWL and OCB, QWL and performance, QWL and IWB, OCB and performance, and the relationship between IWB and performance. The method of this research is quantitative and the population in this study were 341 private universities while the number of samples used in this study were 181 private universities. The sampling technique in this study used multistage random sampling. In this study the study used a seven-point Likert scale. The study uses SmartPLS software as a data processing tool. Validity testing is applied to all question items in each variable and there are several stages of testing that will be carried out, namely through convergent validity testing, average variance extracted (AVE) testing, and discriminant validity testing. There is a positive and significant relationship between TL and OCB, a positive relationship between TL and the performance of private universities. There is also a positive and significant relationship between TL and IWB, a positive and significant relationship between LMX and OCB. However, there is no significant relationship between LMX and university performance. There is a positive and significant relationship between LMX and IWB, a positive and significant relationship between OC and OCB, a positive and significant relationship between OC and university performance, and a positive and significant relationship between OC and IWB. There is also a positive and significant relationship between DT and OCB, an insignificant relationship between DT and university performance. This means that DT cannot directly affect performance. There is an insignificant relationship between DT and IWB, a positive and significant relationship between QWL and OCB. There is a non-significant relationship between QWL and university performance. There is a positive and significant relationship between QWL and IWB as well as between OCB and university performance and also between IWB and university performance.

Adaptation and Validation of Indonesian Version of the Commitment to Change Scale.

The study aims to adapt and validate the Indonesian version of the commitment to change scale that was initially developed by Herscovitch and Meyer. Data were collected using an online application among faculty members of several universities who have experienced policy changes from the Indonesian government regarding research-related issues. A total of 204 responses were obtained. The data was validated using the Content Validity Index (CVI), the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the Convergent and Discriminant correlations as well as the Cronbach's alpha. The results demonstrated that commitment to change could be represented by three dimensions of affective, continuance and normative commitment to change, although there is one item that must be adjusted. The results of the Scale-Content Validity Index (S-CVI) show that the commitment to change scale has excellent content validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.97). CFA results show a good fit, Cronbach's alpha obtains good results with ACTC (α = 0.71); CCTC (α = 0.83); NCTC (α = 0.77) and Construct Reliability (CR) values obtained are also quite good with ACTC = 0.85; CCTC = 0.86; NCTC = 0.86. From the results of the convergent and discriminant validity tests, it was found that the affective commitment to change positively correlates with job satisfaction and negatively correlates with job stress. However, both continuance and normative commitment to change scale does not correlate with the two variables. The Indonesian version of the commitment to change scale shows good psychometric properties and has proven valid to provide the measurement of commitment to change, especially for the faculty members in Indonesia.

The Effect of ICT Index, Constant GRDP, HDI, and Gini Ratio by Province on Percentage of Poor Population (P0) in Indonesia, 2019-2021

Digital and information technology has evolved very rapidly in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. This affects all spheres of life of the Indonesian people. The Information and Communication Technology Development Index (IP-TIK) is a standard measure to describe a region's information and communication technology development level, digital divide and ICT development potential. A region's population poverty rate, regional GDP growth, Human Development Index and Gini coefficient all affect the region's Information and Communication Technology Index (ICT Index). In this study, the authors wanted to know which variables had the greatest impact and how these variables affected scores on the Information and Communication Technology Index (ICT). Research methods use literature research data and quantitative methods. This study uses convergent validity, discriminant validity and composite reliability testing tools. The researchers used SmartPLS 3.2.9 software to determine R-squared values using partial least squares (PLS). The R-squared test results show that the R-squared value of the variable IP ICT is 0.906, which is interpreted as the ability of the model "Percentage of poor population in each province and region (P0), constant GRDP, HDI". It is OK. The Gini coefficient of each province explaining the ICT Index variable is 90.6%, and the remaining 9.4% is explained by other variables.