Water Quality Testing Research Articles

Penerapan Sistem Keuangan BUMDESA Amanah Di Desa Karanganyar Kecamatan Plupuh, Sragen

Law (UU) No. 6/2014 on Villages and its derivative regulations have changed and encouraged patterns of independence in villages, one of which is through the existence of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa) as a support for the village economy. Karanganyar Village, Plupuh Sub-district is one of the villages in Sragen Regency that has a BUMDesa as one of the pillars supporting Village Original Income (PADesa) named BUMDesa "Amanah" which was established in 2018. The objectives of this community service activity are (1) to assist partners (BUMDesa "Amanah") in preparing and implementing the Village Financial Management System using the BUMDesa Financial Management Application System, and (2) to assist the management of production and service management including drinking water quality testing. This activity uses the FGD method along with training in the preparation of financial reports which includes understanding the basics of accounting and assisting the production and service management of the PAM unit. The results obtained during community service activities are the determination of account names and account codes in accordance with SAK Etap, the application of the BUMDesa Amanah financial management system application, along with the results of the water testing laboratory. Community service activities at BUMDesa Amanah Karanganyar Village, Plupuh District, Sragen Regency have produced a BUMDesa financial management system that can be used to make integrated financial reports from each unit. In addition, this activity also produces water quality testing as a form of providing information to SR customers

Drinking water quality and associated factors in Bahir Dar City and the surrounding rural areas, Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

Abstract In low-income countries like Ethiopia, waterborne illnesses have posed serious public health problems. This study aimed to evaluate drinking water quality (DWQ) and associated factors in Bahir Dar City and the surrounding rural areas in northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022 to determine coliform counts and basic physicochemical parameters from the drinking water samples (DWS) collected from urban, peri-urban, and rural sites. A total of 180 DWS were collected from water collection points and households' containers. Potentially pathogenic bacteria were also isolated from fecal coliform (FC)-positive samples and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined. Moreover, the risk factors associated with water quality were assessed. The water quality test results were evaluated against the WHO guidelines for DWQ. Based on the results of this study, only 16.7 and 73.88% of samples met the standards for total coliform and FC, respectively. Moreover, 95.4 and 43% of the isolated bacteria were resistant at least to one of the commonly used antibiotics and multidrug-resistant, respectively. Educating the public on proper drinking water handling, appropriate treatment, and waterline maintenance are needed to safeguard the community from waterborne diseases.

Drinking water quality management progress in Ontario, two decades after Walkerton.

Following the waterborne disease outbreak in Walkerton, Ontario, the province made significant efforts to implement recommendations of the public inquiry that resulted. As Ontario reformed its drinking water sector, other jurisdictions were advancing risk-based quality management frameworks for drinking water, including the World Health Organization (WHO) through its water safety plan (WSP) framework. Two decades after the Walkerton tragedy, this paper seeks to: (i) evaluate alignment of Ontario's Drinking Water Quality Management Standard (DWQMS) with the WSP framework (ii) review readily available data for evidence that Ontario's DWQMS implementation has improved drinking water safety and promoted a preventive approach through risk-based quality management. Our study found strong alignment between the Ontario DWQMS and WSP frameworks, with supporting programmes and risk assessment procedures present. Analysis of available regulatory data revealed abundant reporting of water quality and adverse incidents in municipal water systems. However, performance data were publicly available, the use of percentage scores for water quality testing obscures the details of system performance and water safety. Reports describing the DWQMS plan and audit results were difficult to obtain and not standardized. There is a need to develop mechanisms to ensure continual improvement of the DWQMS.

Civic science education for youth-driven water security: A behavioral development approach to strengthening climate resilience

Haiti is among the most climate-vulnerable nations in the world, and Haitian youth face disproportionate risks to their health and well-being. Yet, to date, few studies have partnered with young people to position them as agents of change addressing climate change impacts in their communities, particularly in Global South contexts. As a step toward addressing this important gap, the present study used in-depth interviews (N = 6) to explore the multi-faceted behavioral developmental impacts on Haitian students (ages 20–30 years) who took part in a participatory environmental education program focused on access to clean water in Jacmel, a coastal city in Southern Haiti. The program combined hydrology and ecosystem education with youth-led water quality testing, community surveys, and data mapping—enabling students to collect, analyze, and visualize locally-meaningful data with real-world significance. Thematic analysis (TA) of post-program interviews conducted with program staff (n = 2) and students (n = 4) resulted in three major themes describing program-based developmental impacts equipping youth to address climate-driven threats in their community: (1) learning and skills development: Youth gained a deeper knowledge of hydrological and ecological systems, as well as research, digital, and technology skills; (2) health and environmental behaviors: Youth were experiencing and advocating behavioral shifts associated with preventing waterborne illnesses and protecting local ecosystems; and (3) civic engagement: Youth were developing a critical mindset regarding power relations and social change and were simultaneously motivated to disseminate local data to raise community awareness and engage with local authorities to improve environmental conditions. Findings shed light on the transformative potential of environmental and civic science education to engage young people as key actors in building adaptive capacity and reducing climate vulnerability. Implications for developmental science are discussed.

Analisis Kualitas Air Baku dan Kualitas Air Hasil Produksi pada Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) Unit Mukok PDAM Tirta Pancur Aji Kota Sanggau

The PDAM Tirta Pancur Aji Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Unit Mukok has a capacity of 10 liters/second which serves of the need clean water in the Mukok District. The water produced by the WTP Unit Mukok visually looks cloudy with impurities floating on the surface of the water. The purpose of this research is to whether the raw water rate for the parameters pH, temperature, turbidity, color and total amount of coliform complied with PP No. quality standards. 49/2010 as drinking water. The research method used is sampling and water quality testing. The results showed on the current conditions of the Mukok IPA unit, as a raw water source the Kapuas River has a quality of pH 8, temperature 28 °C, turbidity 34.9 NTU, color 224 PtCo. and a total of 25 MPN. The quality of the produced water is pH 7,3, temperature is 28° C, turbidity is 23.52 NTU, color is 4.19 PtCo, and total coliform is 10 MPN. The analysis showed that the raw water fraction does not correspond to class I in terms of turbidity and color parameters water standards PP No. 22 of 2021, the analytical results of the rate of the produced water show the turbidity and coliform parameters do not correspond to the standard of Permenkes No. 492 of 2010.

Application of Sargassum sp extract on juvenile sandfish nursery

Sea cucumbers are a high-value fauna that can be found on Kei Island’s coastal area. Because of overexploitation and poor management, the sea cucumber population on Kei Island has declined dramatically. To solve this problem, the cultivation activities (breeding, nursery and growth out) of sea cucumbers need to be developed immediately. The aim of this study was to utilize the brown algae Sargassum sp to support the production of sandfish seeds in Household-Scale Hatchery. This study took place from April - May 2022 at Tual Teripang Center, Tual. Juveniles of sandfish are used as research objects with measuring between 3 - 15 mm in size and have a stocking density of 800 juveniles per tub. The feed used as treatment was included Sargassum sp extract 300 gr/tub (Treatment A), 400 gr/tub (Treatment B), and 500 gr/tub (Treatment C). Feeding has given every day and water changes was 50 - 60% per day. The calculation of growth and survival rate is the variable that observed in this study. As supporting data, water quality test measures were carried out. Three treatments have different effects on juvenile growth. The best result was obtained in Treatment C. For survival, showed all treatments had same effect on the survival rate of juvenile sandfish. It was concluded that Treatment C was better for the growth of juvenile sandfish than Treatment A and Treatment B.

Gastroenteritis Outbreak of Rotavirus G3P[8] in a Secondary School in Pathum Thani Province, Thailand, 2022

On 14 Sep 2022, the Division of Epidemiology was notified of a cluster of food poisoning in a secondary school. We conducted an investigation to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak, identify the causative agent, source of illness, and possible risks, and provide control measures. An electronic-based questionnaire was distributed to school members. Students and staff were interviewed. Inspection of the school canteen, water supply system, toilets, and hand-washing facilities as well as observation of personal and food hygiene practices among food handlers were done. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. The overall attack rate was 40.4% (684/1,695). Most cases were students (95.9%). Thirteen out of twenty-eight rectal swabs were positive for rotavirus, with two being identified as genotype G3P[8]. Being exposed to foods or drinks from the school canteen was a significant risk factor (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.35, 95% CI 1.23–4.52), and bringing a drink to school was protective (AOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50–0.88). Although rotavirus was not detected in the environment, contamination of groundwater used for cooking and drinking was evident. We recommend routine water quality testing and installation of groundwater treatment to ensure the safety of the water supply.

Analysis of Drinking Water Quality in Honakere Hobli

Abstract: Water is the most essential and valuable natural gift to mankind as well as the producer and consumer of this planet. Without water there would have been no life, hence it is a matrix of life.It is vital for many aspects of economic and social development. To analyse water quality, different approaches like statistical analyses of individual parameters, multi-stressors water quality indices. Rivers are the lifeline of living beings and constitute an integral part of both rural and urban communities as a source of drinking and cooking purposes. Water used by the public must be free from disease-causing bacteria, toxic chemicals, and excessive amounts of minerals and organic matter. It is important to test the suitability of water quality for its intended purpose, whether it is livestock watering, irrigation, spraying, or drinking water. The purpose of this section is to provide water quality testing information for the village of Nagamangala Taluk that will assist residents using a water supply. It provides information on the importance of water quality monitoring. Out of 20 villages, 8 villages’ water samples are not ideal for drinking purposes because of the higher concentration of TDS, TH, Cl, Ca, SO4, Fe, alkalinity, Mg, and Cd is more in that water samples. And other village water samples are suitable for drinking purposes. Since most of the families from the economically weaker sections of the society directlyconsume the tap water supplied by the village water supply system without any treatment.However, it is important to monitor the quality of drinking water regularly in rural areas where there is more population growth.

Research on the water quality detection method based on fluorescence spectrometry and PSO-RBF network

In this paper, we propose a model-based method for lake water quality testing that is used to detect and analyze the content of pollutants in lake. The known and unknown contaminants in mixed solutions are detected by fluorescence spectroscopy and spectrophotometry. A PSO-RBF neural network model is established to predict the content of pollutants in the lake. The prediction results of the PSO-RBF neural network model are compared with the ones of a RBF neural network model to verify the computational efficiency and the prediction accuracy of the model. The results show that the PSO-RBF neural network could be used to predict the pollutant content of lake water quality effectively, which provides a fast and practical method for water quality testing.

Examination of water quality at the household level and its association with diarrhea among young children in Ghana: Results from UNICEF-MICS6 survey

Ghana has made significant progress in expanding water services, but microbial contamination of water is still a major public health problem. The objectives of the study were to: 1) Examine sociodemographic and water access related predictors for the point of use or drinking water quality among rural and urban households, and; 2) Determine the association between the point of use water quality and prevalence of diarrhea among young children in rural and urban households. A secondary data analysis was carried out using the Ghana UNICEF-MICS6 survey taking into account the complex survey design. Logistic regression models were used to carry out the objectives. Among the 2317 households included for water quality testing, majority reported using improved source of drinking water. However, use of unimproved source of water was more common among rural households. In examining water quality at the point of use, it was found that more than 60% of the samples had mid to high levels of E. coli count, with significantly more common among rural compared to urban households (p < .0001). The prevalence of diarrhea among under 5 children was 16.9%. In estimating the risk, E. coli count was not associated with higher diarrhea prevalence. However in urban areas, water storage was associated with increased risk of caregiver-reported diarrhea in children. Also, other factors such as child’s age, maternal education, region and household wealth index predicted diarrhea prevalence. In Ghana, contaminated point of use drinking water is more common in rural household, and in urban areas, water storage is associated with increased risk of caregiver-reported diarrhea in children. In the future, investigation of living condition and environmental hygiene is warranted to further understand different pathways through which risk of diarrhea increases among children.

Study Of Ground Water Sample Analysing In Sasti Coal Mine Area Around Villages Dhopatala, Rampur And Rajura Town, District Chandrapur, State Maharashtra, India

The water quality analysis of Sasti coal Mines area around village Dhopatala, Rampur and Rajura town Ballarpur city of Chandrapur District, Maharashtra State. Therefore ground water nature main rule to learn its appropriateness and individuals drinking as well as agrarian water system. Hand pump water Sample was gathered from 12 unique areas and examined for chemical-physical characteristic like that Total dissolve salt, pH, temperature, Acidity, Alkalinity, CO2, chloride, calcium, Sulphate, Hardness, The nature of water was valuable for individuals drinking as well as agrarian purposes. Ground water nature decides the integrity of water for especially reason. Water quality test given data about the soundness of the stream. The difference in nature of water be visible to testing water over the timeframe. The water testing result compared with WHO and CPCB, BIS. The result shown by high concentration of parameters analysis found in this area.

Distribution Characteristics and Genesis of Iron and Manganese Ions in Groundwater of Eastern Sanjiang Plain, China

Groundwater resources are an essential component of global water resources. Long-term consumption of groundwater exceeding the standard levels for iron and manganese can lead to chronic diseases, posing a threat to human health. The Sanjiang Plain is the largest swamp wetland area in China and has high levels of iron and manganese in the groundwater, but the cause still needs to be clarified. Based on the results of water quality tests of 41 groundwater samples in the Eastern Sanjiang Plain, this paper analyzes the distribution characteristics and causes of iron and manganese from the perspectives of the original strata environment, redox conditions, pH conditions, and hydrochemical indicator factors in the research area, using statistical methods and GIS technology. The results show that high iron and manganese content in groundwater is prevalent in the Eastern Sanjiang Plain, and the exceedance rate of manganese is higher than that of iron (87.80% and 82.90%, respectively). The primary sources of iron and manganese in groundwater are iron and manganese minerals in the original strata environment. Influenced by factors such as acidic conditions, reducing environment, and rich organic matter, insoluble high-valent iron and manganese oxides are reduced to low-valent and soluble divalent iron and manganese. At the same time, groundwater’s high mineralization and evaporation concentration are conducive to increased iron and manganese content, while the influence of human activities is small.

The Prospect of drone applications

As drones technology matures, it will be used in more and more applications in multiple fields. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the prospects for the application of drones. The evaluation is based on three criteria: the environment, engineering, and disaster management. Through analysis, this paper shows that drones have unique advantages in these three areas. Given the use of ground-based sensors for air and water quality testing, drones have a great positive effect on environmental management. It can also be used for large-scale engineering project management and disaster tracking with its HD video and numerous high-resolution aerial photos. However, drones need improved regulatory controls to address risks to safety, privacy, and security. Overall, this article describes the status of drone applications, which will become more popular with the enhancement of the regulatory environment.

Low-Cost, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction System with Integrated RNA Extraction.

Rapid, easy-to-use, and low-cost systems for biological sample testing are important for point-of-care diagnostics and various other health applications. The recent pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) showed an urgent need to rapidly and accurately identify the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus, in upper respiratory specimens from people. In general, sensitive testing methods require genetic material extraction from the specimen. Unfortunately, current commercially available extraction kits are expensive and involve time-consuming and laborious extraction procedures. To overcome the difficulties associated with common extraction methods, we propose a simple enzymatic assay for the nucleic acid extraction step using heat mediation to improve the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction sensitivity. Our protocol was tested on Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) as an example, which comes from the large coronaviridae family of viruses that affect birds, amphibians, and mammals, of which SARS-CoV-2 is a member. The proposed assay was performed using a low-cost, custom-made, real-time PCR system that incorporates thermal cycling and fluorescence detection. It had fully customizable reaction settings to allow versatile biological sample testing for various applications, including point-of-care medical diagnosis, food and water quality testing, and emergency health situations. Our results show that heat-mediated RNA extraction is a viable extraction method when compared to commercial extraction kits. Further, our study showed that extraction has a direct impact on purified laboratory samples of HCoV-229E, but no direct impact on infected human cells. This is clinically relevant, as it allows us to circumvent the extraction step on clinical samples when using PCR.

Uji Kelayakan Air Minum Di Desa Kampung Pinang Kecamatan Perhentian Raja Kabupaten Kampar

Water is a natural resource that is absolutely necessary for life and human life, as well as in the environmental management system, water is the main element. In everyday life, water is a basic need for the quality and sustainability of human life. Therefore, water must be available in sufficient quantity and quality. Fulfillment of water needs can be done by means of individual systems or communal systems (groups). PAMSIMAS (Community-Based Drinking Water and Sanitation Provision) is one of the programs implemented by the government which is implemented in rural and suburban areas which is carried out with a communal system (https://pamsimas.pu.go.id/). One of them is in Kampung Pinang Village, Perhentian Raja District, Kampar Regency in the form of assistance for clean water tanks. Prior to the existence of the reservoir from the PAMSIMAS government program, villagers used Kampar River water to meet their daily needs. Physically, Kampar river water looks brownish in color, this shows that the water is not suitable for consumption and is used for household needs. The PAMSIMAS that is being built currently uses water sources from below the ground surface which are usually used for cooking needs by the residents of Kampung Pinang Village. However, the water quality physically looks colorful. If this is still used continuously, it will greatly affect the health of the people of Kampung Pinang Village. Clean water is water that meets the requirements for a drinking water supply system, where the intended requirements are requirements in terms of water quality which include physical, chemical, biological and radiological qualities, so that when consumed it does not cause side effects (Kemenkes RI, 1990). From the results of the water quality test from the UPT Health Laboratory of the Pekanbaru City Government Health Service, it was found that for water sourced from PAMSIMAS drilled water, all test parameters met the requirements. Meanwhile, for water originating from rivers, the parameters of turbidity, color, iron, manganese, and total coliforms do not meet the requirements.

Development of microfluidic devices for on-site water quality testing using glass molding process

The demand for multi-point water quality monitoring is increasing to solve the global problem of safe drinking water supply and environmental water contamination by industries. Therefore, compact devices are needed for on-site water quality analysis. On-site devices require low cost and high durability because they are placed outdoors, exposing them to strong ultraviolet rays and a wide range of temperatures. Our previous study reported on a compact and low-cost water quality meter that uses microfluidic devices with resin to monitor chemicals. In this study, we extended the fabrication range of the glass molding method to fabricate a glass microfluidic device with a 300 µm deep channel on a 50 mm in diameter substrate for constructing a low-cost and high-durability device. Finally, we developed a low-cost, highly robust glass device with a diamond-like carbon-coated channel surface to measure residual chlorine. The experimental results indicated that this device can endure outdoor conditions and be attached to small internet of things devices for analyzing chemical substances, such as residual chlorine.Graphical

The Importance of Domestic Drinking Water Quality Testing

Along with the continuous development of social and economic development, in its development process, the economic development, but also caused a certain degree of pollution, seriously affecting the quality of drinking water, and directly harming people's health. It can be seen that the quality of drinking water quality is very important to ensure the quality of water, water quality needs to be effectively detected, the use of reasonable detection means, etc., according to the relevant requirements, to carry out the detection of drinking water quality, the detection process for strict control, to ensure that the detection results, so as to ensure that the quality of drinking water to meet the requirements, will not bring harm to human health.

Assessment of Functioning of Health and Wellness Centers of Western Odisha: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background The National Health Policy (NHP) 2017 of India recommends strengthening the delivery system of Primary Health Care through the establishment of Health & Wellness Centres (HWC) as the platform to deliver comprehensive primary health care services.HWCs are being set up as an upgraded version of existing sub-centers, primary health care centers, and urban primary health centers. This study was conducted to evaluate the functioning of health and wellness centers in Western Odisha. Objective To assess the availability of human resources, health care services, drug availability, lab services, and IT services at the health and wellness centers of Western Odisha. Methods Out of 10 districts of Western Odisha, two districts (Sambalpur and Deogarh) were selected for convenience, and a cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2022. All 43 health and wellness centers (35 rural primary health centers (PHCs) and eight urban PHCs) of the above two districts were included in the study. All relevant data were collected using a predesigned, pretested, and semi-structured questionnaire. Results The study showed that all 43 HWCs had good availability of pharmacists and lab technicians but less availability of medical officers, AYUSH medical officers, and staff nurses. Maternal and childhood services, family planning, and non-communicable disease (NCD) services were conducted regularly in all health and wellness centers, but basic oral health services and palliative care services were inadequate. All laboratory services like blood grouping, differential count/total leucocyte count, rapid test for pregnancy, urine albumin, urine routine examination/microscopic examination along with culture/sensitivity and water quality testing were done at urban PHC HWCs, whereas these lab services were less available at rural PHC HWCs.Drug groups like antipyretics, antihistaminic, antifungal, antihypertensive, oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA), antispasmodics, and antiseptic ointments were adequately available (>80%) at all urban and rural PHC HWCs. For IT support, appliances like desktops, internet facilities, and telephone facilitieswerefound to be present at all HWCs. Teleconsultation services were found to be available at 88% of urban PHC HWCs and 60% of rural PHC HWCs. ​Conclusion The study showed that infrastructure, human resources, and 12 service packages of health care and drugs should be addressed on a priority basis to achieve desired goals as envisaged by Ayushman Bharat to achieve the full potential of the health and wellness centers.

Sewage system diagnosis based on online monitoring technology

ABSTRACT External water (such as rainwater, mountain water and groundwater) will decrease the inflow contaminant concentration in urban sewage plants, and pose challenges in improving the wastewater treatment quality and efficiency. Therefore, removing the external water is vital for this target. A sewage plant in Zhuhai, China, was considered as an example. By performing online flow monitoring, water quality testing, on-site survey and data analysis, the rainfall-derived inflow and infiltration of the sewage system were quantitatively analysed through the pollutant balance method. By proposing key emphases of severe problems, the presented findings will aid in sewage system maintenance and pipeline network renovation.

Analysis of the Current Situation and Problems of Drinking Water Quality Testing in the New Period

With the continuous development of China's economic life at this stage, people have higher requirements for the needs of material living standards. Drinking water is the basis of people's production and life is closely related to economic life, the promotion of the invisible water quality testing of drinking water has also brought pressure. Based on the development of the new period, on the one hand, to improve the level of work of drinking water quality testing, on the other hand, to ensure the quality and efficiency of the work of drinking water quality testing itself. This paper is on the new period of drinking water quality testing status quo and the existence of problems to analyze and discuss, and hope that this can give the majority of relevant workers to suggest and inspire.