Power Supply Test Research Articles

A flexural-beam-type wide-frequency piezoelectric energy harvester for vertical shaft lifting system vibration monitoring

Abstract The coal mine lifting system may experience serious safety accidents due to severe problems with the bucket guides and rolling guide shoes. A piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) device for vibration sensor monitoring of shaft lifting system is proposed for the first time to monitor health of shaft lifting system. However, there are differences in the vibration frequencies, the working conditions are complex, leading to issues such as low energy recovery efficiency of the PEH and difficulty in achieving self-powered. To enhance PEH adaptability and reliability, a specifically designed flexural-beam-type wide-frequency piezoelectric energy harvester(FBT-WF-PEH) and a method of achieving real-time vibration monitoring through auxiliary power supply have been proposed. The results indicate when the excited frequency is 17Hz, the highest external output voltage is 11.2V, and under an external load of 17.5kΩ, the maximum output power is 7.168mW, demonstrating a good performance in terms of output power, and energy harvest bandwidth. The captive power supply test verified the PEH can utilize the vibration environment to achieve auxiliary power supply for monitoring systems under working conditions, which is of great significance for conducting research on health monitoring systems for lifting equipment. On the other hand, the new structure proposed in this study matches the operating frequency in the shaft lifting system, and the energy harvest efficiency is higher.

Smart Wireless Transducer Dedicated for Use in Aviation Laboratories.

Reliable testing of aviation components depends on the quality and configuration flexibility of measurement systems. In a typical approach to test instrumentation, there are tens or hundreds of sensors on the test head and test facility, which are connected by wires to measurement cards in control cabinets. The preparation of wiring and the setup of measurement systems are laborious tasks requiring diligence. The use of smart wireless transducers allows for a new approach to test preparation by reducing the number of wires. Moreover, additional functionalities like data processing, alarm-level monitoring, compensation, or self-diagnosis could improve the functionality and accuracy of measurement systems. A combination of low power consumption, wireless communication, and wireless power transfer could speed up the test-rig instrumentation process and bring new test possibilities, e.g., long-term testing of moving or rotating components. This paper presents the design of a wireless smart transducer dedicated for use with sensors typical of aviation laboratories such as thermocouples, RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors), strain gauges, and voltage output integrated sensors. The following sections present various design requirements, proposed technical solutions, a study of battery and wireless power supply possibilities, assembly, and test results. All presented tests were carried out in the Components Test Laboratory located at the Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Aviation.

Development and testing of high precision and stability power supply for high energy photon source

Development and testing of high precision and stability power supply for high energy photon source

Design, Construction and Performance Evaluation of Solar Charge Controller for Street Lighting Application

Solar powered equipment and applications are gradually making their ways into various sector of our day to day life. We need a storage or battery to store the solar energy harnessed during day. A Solar Charge Controller (SCC) which is a part of a solar power system has been designed using Proteus Software, to maintain batteries used in solar power harvesting and utilization in a charged state, without risk of over-charging or over-discharging, ensuring battery durability. The charge controller has battery management system in built, responsible for executing the desired charging algorithm based on the battery chemistry characteristics. After the circuit design and construction, tests like Power Supply test, Accuracy test, charging test and discharging test were conducted. From the results of the tests, the power supply met its requirement to out-put a constant voltage of 5Vfor the microcontroller and LCD circuit. The charging test result shows the charging characteristics of the charge controller. The discharging test result is a negative linear graph showing that the battery is discharging from 14.4 V to about 9.5 V where the microcontroller disconnected the battery from the load. The results showed that the charge controller was able to control and regulate the charging process well. Calculated Mean percentage error was 0.04.

Constant current pulsed power supply for long pulse arc discharge positive hydrogen ion source.

The simplest way to produce high density hydrogen plasmas is to form an arc between the arcing electrode and the plasma chamber (cathode). For arc-based hydrogen plasma generation, a pulsed power supply that delivers 2 ms-long constant current pulse has been developed. This pulsed power supply employs a high frequency buck converter topology with a nonlinear filter inductor. This paper describes the development and testing of a constant current pulsed power supply that operates at 50A and 550V with a pulse width of 2ms and a pulse repetition rate of 2Hz. By changing the arc current, the arc impedance and the positive hydrogen ion current were also measured. The extraction of positive hydrogen ions was carried out using a three-electrode extraction design, which results in a current of 80 mA of positive hydrogen ions at an energy of 50keV.

Research on AC Electronic Load with Energy Recovery Based on Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control

Nowadays, AC electronic loads with energy recovery are widely used in the testing of uninterruptible power supplies and power supply equipment. To tackle the problems of control difficulty, strategy complexity, and poor dynamic performance of AC electronic load with energy recovery of the conventional control strategy, a control strategy of AC electronic load with energy recovery based on Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) is developed. To further reduce the computation burden of the FCS-MPC, a simplified FCS-MPC with transforming the predicted variables and using sector to select expected state is proposed. Through simplified model and equivalent approximation analysis, the transfer function of the system is obtained, and the stability and robustness of the system are analyzed. The performance of the simplified FCS-MPC is compared with space vector control (SVPWM) and conventional FCS-MPC. The results show that the FCS-MPC method performs better dynamic response and this advantage is more obvious when simulating high power loads. The simplified FCS-MPC shows similar control performance to conventional FCS-MPC at less computation burden. The control performance of the system also shows better simulation results.

A cost-efficient DC active load laboratory solution

The increased use of DC renewable energy resources and DC storage systems, combined with the necessary reduction of energy waste, is boosting the development of DC smart grids. In this scenario, DC load emulation is of great importance. From the hardware point of view, DC buses stability of smart grids and the different DC/DC converter topologies must be tested. From the software point of view, smart grid strategies and job schedulers must be tested with different power absorption profiles. Moreover, DC load emulation can be useful for many other purposes, such as battery characterization, power supply testing, photovoltaic I-V curve measurements, etc. In this work, a cost-efficient DC Active Load (AL) solution is proposed. The principle of the circuit topology is a buck-boost-derived converter. This solution can be designed and tested considering the required voltage, current, and maximum input power. Both simulation and experimental results are shown on a 400 W size prototype. Thermal and electrical results validate the simulation model and the AL feasibility.

Simulation research on large capacity power supply technology suitable for distribution transformer short-circuit withstand capability test

The existing transformer short-circuit test equipment and technology have several limitations. The purpose of short-circuit test is to simulate the test of high-voltage equipment under the short-circuit fault condition of the power system, usually, a large capacity test such as transformer burst short-circuit test, circuit breaker dynamic heat stability test, to verify the reliability and stability of related equipment under extreme working conditions. At present, the large capacity test generally uses methods of power grid dedicated line power supply and short-circuit testing alternator group. However, these two methods have difficulties in construction approval, high investment costs, complex site requirements, a large impact on the power grid, and low control accuracy. Theoretical studies on equivalent simulation verification method of short-circuit withstand capability test of distribution transformer demonstrated the feasibility of using modern power electronics and advanced energy storage technology to replace conventional power grid dedicated line power supply, short-circuit testing alternator and other short-circuit impact test equipment. It could complete the transformer short-circuit impact test specified by (IEC60076-5) with lower cost and higher efficiency, verify the short-circuit impact resistance of the transformer, and improve the test capacity.

Design of universal power supply and distribution ground test system based on modularity

To solve the problems of high functional requirement, complex structure and poor versatility of manned spacecraft power supply and distribution ground test equipment, a modular universal ground power supply system (PSS) is designed. The functions of the system cover the functions of wire instruction opening, parameter measurement and state detection of the interface between the manned spacecraft and the ground equipment, and realize the universal and extensible configuration. This paper provides a general architecture design method for complex manned spacecraft power supply and distribution ground test system.

Programmable Current Source Design for Multi-channel Magnetic Field Generator* Programmable current source

The three-dimensional motion of magnetic micro-robots requires the control of multiple magnetic field generators working simultaneously. The current program-controlled current sources in the market are generally expensive and it is difficult to control multiple program-controlled current sources by a single controller to change the output current at the same time. In order to compress the experimental cost, reduce the experimental threshold, realize the simultaneous control of multiple magnetic field generators and make them work stably, this paper proposes a special program-controlled current source design for multiple magnetic field generators, and verifies the feasibility of the design through experimental tests. The results show that the dedicated current source is able to output 0.3∼6.5A under ±12V switching power supply test when each current source is connected to a 1.5 ohm solenoid coil with internal resistance. The system meets the requirements of 3% or less output current error and fast response time while greatly reducing costs and achieving good interactivity.

Design, implementation and experimental testing of a hybrid power supply of remote measuring station in the Surveillance, Alert & Warning System (SAWS)

The paper presents the design, implementation and experimental testing of a hybrid power supply of telecommunication and measuring equipment incorporated in remote measuring stations, which are an integral part of the global Surveillance, Alert & Warning System (SAWS) in the Republic of Serbia. In these systems, it is very important to provide autonomy of permanent, reliable and quality power supply. In this case, the power supply system is in effect based on the use of solar energy i.e., photovoltaic (PV), in combination with the mains power supply 230V, 50Hz. Solar power is the primary source of power during the day, while in night conditions the secondary power supply is a distribution power grid (more precisely, the distribution power which is used for supplying the night street lighting). This hybrid power system is realized with two controlled chargers (MPPT solar and mains with input power factor correction), battery bank 12V/110Ah with the corresponding system for its monitoring and secondary DC/DC power converters for supplying telecommunication and measuring electronic modules. The key implementation and experimental results obtained during the realization of a SAWS remote measuring station on the river Ub (municipality of Ub), will be presented in the paper.

Experimental investigation of thermoelectric cooling for a new battery pack design in a copper holder

Solid-state thermoelectric refrigeration and heat pump systems can be integrated with battery packs in electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) for effective thermal management in both hot and cold environments. Operating modes can be switched by changing the polarity of the input voltage to the thermoelectric system. In this paper, a new design of a battery pack is proposed which includes an acrylic battery container, copper battery holders, liquid cooling medium, and battery cells. This battery pack is integrated with a battery thermal management system (BTMS) which includes thermoelectric cooling (TEC) in combination with liquid and air circulations. The aim of the BTMS is to handle heat generation during operation of the battery pack. Heat, generated by the battery pack, is transported to the cold end of the TEC and then dissipated to the surrounding environment by a heatsink. Fundamental design optimization is carried out on a single cell first. System performance is then validated in the battery pack experiments. For the 40 ​V test, the proposed system reached approximately 20 ​°C lower when compared with only liquid cooling. In the 30 ​V power supply test, the battery pack temperature did not exceed 30 ​°C in a period of 5000 ​s. Furthermore, the battery pack temperature was under 60 ​°C at 3000 ​s during a continuous discharge condition with a 50 ​V input, which is considered an extreme condition for battery operation.

Design of Ground Test System for Chang'E-4 Lander Load Electric Control Box

The ground comprehensive test of spacecraft electronic equipment is an important part in the development of spacecraft. It plays an important role in equipment function verification and performance evaluation. The ground test system of the ChangE-4 lander load electric control box adopts modular, reusable design and CPU+FPGA single-machine integrated architecture. It can provide power supply test, 1553B communication bus simulation test, indirect command test, asynchronous serial communication test, real-time data processing and other functions in one integrated system, is suitable for spacecraft electronic equipment single machine debugging, configuration test and environmental simulation test and other types of test requirements. The test of each interface, function and performance of the load electric control box indicates that the system meets the test requirements of stand-alone debugging, status confirmation and troubleshooting of the spaceborne equipment, which strongly supports the successful on-orbit operation of the ChangE-4 lander load electric control box.

High-Linearized and Fast-Convergent RmI Look-up Table Control Method for Space Solar Array Simulator

Space solar array simulator (SSAS) is a key power input device for spacecraft power supply testing. SSASs are also required to simulate the steady-state I-V curve with a high tangent slope of the aerospace solar panel output and to have the dynamic response performance of the fast convergence to switching working point under a spacecraft power supply test environment. This paper proposes a high-linearized and fast-convergent R m I (HLFC-R m I) look-up table control method, which is aimed at solving these problems. This study converts the conventional voltage-current UI data table into the corresponding impedance-current R m I data table without adding any auxiliary hardware circuit. The R m I data table is used as a target form for I-V outer loop control, by using the proposed equivalent impedance R m linearization formula, thereby achieving the simulation of a high tangent slope I-V curve. In the process of looking up table control, the optimized equivalent impedance R m_real-time linearization formula is used to approximate the high-speed convergence characteristics of the UI look-up table method under constant-voltage load switching conditions. The new I-V outer loop control method is applied to a 1 kW hardware power platform of SSAS. The SSAS can not only simulate an arbitrary I-V curve with a high tangent slope but also has the characteristics of high-speed convergence of the switching working point.

Design a three-phase step-down power supply based on ANSI/IEEE standard

An alternating current three-phase step-down power supply design is a system development process that creates an existing three-phase system whereby the primary side of the Y relationship and the secondary side of the Y relationship. The problems in the design of three-phase step-down power supply circuit are the existence of harmonics, losses and unbalance voltage. The power supply test is carried out using no-load and linear load resistance with the value of resistances in range of hundreds ohm. The circuit is tested for resistance number one, resistance number two, resistance number three and resistance number four transformers to obtain a power supply design that meet American National Standards Institute or Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering standards. The test results of four transformers in the form of three-phase step-down found that resistance number one and resistance number two type transformers have the lowest copper loss percentage, core loss, voltage THD and low unbalance voltage, so that these power supply can be made according to ANSI/IEEE provisions.

Стенд для испытаний на стойкость к перегрузкам

A laboratory bench based on a 38 mm light gas gun (working gas — helium) is used for overload endurance test of electronic devices. The stand provides the formation of overload pulse in a wide range of amplitudes and half widths when a projectile container with the objects under study decelerates at the cracher of a special design. A radio interferometer with a wavelength of 3.2 mm is used for determination of the projectile movement as a function of time. The calculation of displacement is carried out according to the registered interferogram, the speed and acceleration dependences on time are determined by differentiation. The results of overload endurance test of power supplies and electronic assemblies with maximum amplitude of 45,000g and 70,000g with a pulse half width of 0.8 ms and 0.7 ms, respectively, are presented

Study on the Fabrication of White Organic Light-Emitting Devices Using the Doping Characteristics of Rubrene and Programmed Test Circuit.

A white organic light emitting device with structure of ITO/2T-NATA(20)/NPBX(15)/DPVBi(15)/ Alq:Rub(10, x)/Alq3(40)/LiF/Al was fabricated using doping rubrene. When the concentration of rubrene is 3 wt.%, the chromaticity is the best (0.319, 0.317), and the color coordinates are stable. When the thickness of the doping layer is 20 nm, the efficiency and luminance of the devices are the highest, which are 5.1022 cd/A and 17130 cd/m2, respectively. On the basis, a test system is consisted of Solomon's OLED display control driver chip SSD1306 and microcontroller AT89C52, which tests the OLED dot matrix through the program to determine whether the matrix has dead point. Through experimental comparison, the test results are consistent with the external power supply test. The system has the characteristics of high efficiency and display characters of dynamic and static pictures, which provides a feasible driving method for the practical application of OLED.

ATLAS TileCal low voltage power supply upgrade hardware and testing

Abstract The Phase II upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will raise the luminosity of the LHC by at least five times. Due to the aging of the current electronics in the detectors and increased expected radiation from higher luminosity, all electronics of the ATLAS central hadronic calorimeter will be upgraded. Improved prototypes of all the front-end detector electronics have been designed, manufactured and tested for the Phase II upgrade. The results of the design and upgrade process of the Low Voltage Power Supply (LVPS) of TileCal are reported.

Programmable Electronic AC Load Based on a Hybrid Multilevel Voltage Source Inverter

A programmable electronic load (PEL) solution is usually needed for comprehensive testing of power supplies. In this paper, a novel PEL based on a hybrid five-level voltage source inverter (VSI) is introduced to emulate a variety of static load behaviors, such as R , L , C loads, high-frequency harmonic loads, and unbalanced loads. Dynamic load behavior, for example, modulation loads, can also be achieved in this paper. A dedicated control structure is proposed for the emulation of different load behaviors and the detailed compensator design is presented to evaluate the system dynamic performance. The proposed PEL system has isolated active dc links to support multilevel converter topology, and it can either dump the energy to a passive load or recycle the energy back to the utility grid through another VSI. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the effectiveness of proposed control methods in terms of successfully achieving a variety of load profile functions.

Design development and testing of high voltage power supply with crowbar protection for IOT based RF amplifier system in VECC

This paper described the detailed design, development and testing of high voltage power supply (−30 kV, 3.2 A) and different power supplies for biasing electrodes of Inductive Output Tube (IOT) based high power Radio Frequency (RF) amplifier. This IOT based RF amplifier is further used for pursuing research and development activity in superconducting RF cavity project at Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC) Kolkata. The state-of-the-art technology of IOT-based high power RF amplifier is designed, developed, and tested at VECC which is the first of its kind in India. A high voltage power supply rated at negative polarity of 30 kV dc/3.2 A is required for biasing cathode of IOT with crowbar protection circuit. This power supply along with crowbar protection system is designed, developed and tested at VECC for testing the complete setup. The technical difficulties and challenges occured during the design of cathode power supply, its crowbar protection techniques along with other supported power supplies i.e. grid and ion pump power supplies are discussed in this paper.