Test Of Sphericity Research Articles

THE EXPANDED DIGITAL MEDIA EMPOWERMENT ON SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SETTING

Background: Digital media empowerment by ensuring equitable access to digital technologies and safeguarding against digital divide issues. Legal measures also ensure that digital platforms are not misused for spreading misinformation or engaging in unlawful activities. This study expanded the digital media empowerment construct for Jakarta's senior high school students to eight dimensions, blending awareness, motivation, technical access, empowerment, and gratification dimension with three dimensions of social contract utilitarianism, egalitarianism, and real equality of opportunity.
 
 Method: This study applied an explanatory quantitative approach and conducted a survey. Six hundred respondents were online surveyed and analyzed to confirm the integration of eight dimensions of digital media empowerment. Eight dimensions were validated by Person’s correlation of validity and assessed by Cronbach’s Alpha of reliability. The integrated dimension was tested as a hypothesis by Confirmatory Factor Analysis by showing the value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling and Barlett’s Test of Sphericity.
 
 Results: The result of validity, reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis proved the integration of eight dimensions of digital media empowerment. The results highlighted a significant correlation among all eight dimensions with the digital media empowerment construct. The gratifications dimension is the most dominant dimension of digital media empowerment from students’ perspectives on digital technology usage.
 
 Conclusion: The integration offers a more holistic understanding of justice distribution in the secondary educational setting. It underscores the importance of considering both technological and ethical-social factors in shaping students' digital experiences and competencies, paving the way for more targeted and sustainable educational development in the digital era.

Knowledge, Awareness, and Practice of Safety and Emergency Response Among Scuba Divers in Malaysia: Questionnaire Development and Validation.

Safety has become paramount to ensure that scuba diving continues to expand into new markets, with minimal risks, and that scuba diving translates into a safe and relaxed adventure in response to growing market demands. Research focusing on assessing the knowledge, awareness, and practices (KAP) regarding safety and emergency response among scuba divers has been limited, and there is a need for validated assessment tools in this area. This study involved 555 scuba divers in Malaysia, and the questionnaire underwent a thorough development and validation process, including content and face validity assessments, as well as exploratory factor analysis. The validation of the knowledge domain was conducted using Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis, while awareness and practice were validated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA). The content validity of the instrument was confirmed, with all items scoring over 80% for Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI), Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI), and Scale Content Validity Index/Average (S-CVI/AVE). The initial draft comprises three domains: knowledge, awareness, and practice. Knowledge items were analyzed using IRT and demonstrated acceptable difficulty and discrimination levels. For the awareness and practice domains, EFA showed a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure (KMO) of 0.83 and 0.79, respectively, with a significant Bartlett's test of Sphericity (P < 0.001). EFA yielded three factors for both awareness and practice domains with a total of 12 items for awareness and 13 items for practice, with satisfactory factor loadings (≥0.3). The final model of CFA showed good fits for both awareness and practice domains in terms of absolute, parsimonious, and comparative measures. The composite reliability of awareness was acceptable with Raykov's rho of 0.71, whereas the practice domain fell slightly below the acceptable threshold at 0.55. This was attributed to low factor loading and a limited number of items within each factor. The final questionnaire now consists of 20 items for knowledge, 10 items for awareness, and 12 items for the practice domain. The results of this validation and reliability study indicate that the newly developed questionnaire possesses favorable psychometric properties for assessing KAP related to safety and emergency response in the scuba diving context. This research is essential for harmonizing the perspectives of crucial stakeholders within the recreational scuba diving industry.

Sport-Specific AMCaMP: New Modular Tools for Measuring Adolescent Self-Confidence In Sport-Specific Movement.

Despite increasing interest in psychological factors that affect the impact of self-efficacy on readiness to return to play, few clinical tools are available to assess self-confidence in performing sports-specific movement patterns in the pediatric/adolescent population. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of sports-specific modules to supplement a general measure of movement self-efficacy, the Adolescent Measure of Confidence and Movement Performance (AMCaMP). Quasi-experimental cross-sectional validation. After preliminary testing for readability and ease of administration, one of 12 sport-specific modules pertinent to the individual's sport (baseball, softball, basketball, football, gymnastics, cheerleading, soccer, ballet, swimming, lacrosse, tennis, and cross country) were administered to 14,744 patients, 11-18 years of age, drawn from 12 pediatric sports physical therapy facilities in a single health care system. Respondents completed the assigned sport-specific self-report questionnaire at initial visit and conclusion of the episode of care. Based on sample sizes, Bartlett's Test of Sphericity, and Kaiser-Myer-Olkin measures, nine modules (baseball, softball, basketball, football, gymnastics, cheerleading, soccer, ballet, and swimming) were deemed suitable for factor analysis. Each module sample was divided into test validation samples. Exploratory factor analysis revealed an underlying structure ranging from one to three factors depending upon the module. Subsequent confirmatory factor analyses fully supported the hypothesized factor structures for each module except swimming. Additional analyses to determine coefficient alpha (range=0.8-0.976), Standard Error of Measurement (range=1.12-2.33), and Minimum Detectable Change (range=3.1-6.47) confirmed the reliability of each of these modules. AMCAMP sport-specific modules are reliable and valid self-report tools to capture self-confidence in performing sport-specific movements to supplement AMCAMP's evaluation of self-efficacy in performing the general movements of everyday life. The results of this study support using these modules as part of the overall clinical evaluation of psychological readiness to return to sport. Level 3b.

Social comparison and overall adjustment among freshmen in one public university

The freshmen in universities continue to face adjustment issues to new environments. Thus, transition to the university is characterized by expected independent decisions as compared to the previous secondary school teacher controlled learning environment.When the transition challenges are not well managed by the university administration, then it could lead to the emergence of psychopathology, as pre-existing mental health problems are exacerbated or new symptoms emerge in response to novel environmental stressors.The present study examined the relationship between social comparison and overall adjustment among the freshmen in one selected public university in Kenya. The study was informed by Social Comparison Theory (SCT) and Student Integration Theory.This study was anchored in the positivist research paradigm. The study was guided by the cross-sectional survey research design. The sample size comprised 213 freshmen in one public university in Western Kenya. The Social Comparison Scale and Adjustment Questionnaire were used to collect data. The validity results indicated that the Keiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was 0.753. The Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity at 95% level of confidence was significant (p-value of .000 &lt; 0.05). The finding shows that there was a low negative (r = -.142, n =213, p&lt;.05) relationship between social comparison and overall adjustment among the first year university students. The study concludes that the social comparison regression model was adequate to predict overall adjustment among first year university students [F (1, 211) = 4.366, p&lt; .05)].The study recommends that the university counseling center should develop holistic counseling therapies, which would enhance coping skills, seeking support, and counseling seeking behaviours among first year students

Growth of Information Technology – Ethical and Social issues: A Case Study

Abstract: The present study is conducted among 283 studentsfrom Kerala to identify the harm and ethical and social issues in the field of information technology and to classify the immoral practices that students are doing in this field. First various important issues in the field of IT in the social and ethicalareas are discussed. Then the cases considered as the most commonly used immoral activities, are selected for evaluation, and the participants ranked these activities according to the method presented in the questionnaire. These activities are examined and analyzed descriptively by SPSS program, reliability of the questionnaire is measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, Bartlett Test of Sphericity and KMO index and the validity of the results is verified using T-test and the results are ranked based on the first performance that happens frequently and the last performance that happens rarely or never. Finally, a set of strategies are presented for preventing ethical abuse in the field of Information Technology so that the challenges are reduced.

P993 IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P questionnaires: the transcultural adaptation and validation in Spanish families. A SEGHNP (Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) multicenter study

Abstract Background IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P are Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) questionnaires for pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (p-IBD) patients and their parents/caregivers. They consist of 35 items answered with a 1-5 points Likert scale that evaluate six domains. Higher scores indicate better HRQoL. IMPACT-III has been translated into over 70 languages and validated in several countries. However, the existing IMPACT-III Spanish translation showed room for improvement and none of the tools had been validated in our population. We aimed to perform a transcultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish versions. Methods With permission from the questionnaires’ authors, we performed the translation and back-translation by professional translators, followed by evaluation by an expert committee and a small group of p-IBD families (n=12). Members of the SEGHNP (Spanish Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) were invited to recruit p-IBD patients aged 10-18 and their families (February’21-November’22) to complete the questionnaires. Demographical and clinical data of the p-IBD participants were analyzed. Validation was performed with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (considering 0.8-0.9 a good internal consistency) and a confirmatory factorial analysis with Varimax rotation (desirable values &amp;gt;0.5). The Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) measure (&amp;gt;0.5 good correlation) and the Bartlett’s sphericity test (p&amp;lt;0.05) were calculated to confirm the adequacy of the factor analysis. The utility (method and completion time) was considered. The correlation coefficient between IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P was analyzed. Data were collected and analyzed with REDCap and Stata 16. Results We included 370 patients and 356 parents/guardians from 37 hospitals. Descriptive statistics of the participants are shown in table 1. The KMO measure (0.8998 and 0.9228, respectively) and the Bartlett's sphericity test (p-value &amp;lt;0.001 for both) confirmed the factor analysis’ adequacy. The factorial model with four factors, complying with Kaiser’s criterion, explained 89.19% and 88.87% of the variance in the model. Cronbach's alpha (0.9123 and 0.9383) indicated excellent internal consistency. The use of a Likert scoring system and the completion median time of 10 minutes for both tools was considered optimal. The correlation coefficient was 0.92, which was considered excellent. Conclusion The SEGHNP versions of the IMPACT-III and IMPACT-III-P are valid and reliable to use with Spanish p-IBD families. Our findings suggest a 4-factor scores in both questionnaires, although the optimal factor structure should be further examined. In our sample, parents/caregivers were good proxies for rating their p-IBD children overall HRQoL.

The Psychometric Properties of the Environmental Worry Index

Introduction: Environmental-related hazards are a global problem; consequently, an Environmental Worry Index (EWI) was developed; however, the psychometric properties of this scale in the Spanish population are unavailable. Purpose: The objective of this study was to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of an Environmental Worry Inventory (EWI) in a Spanish-speaking student population.Methodology: This study adopted a cross-sectional design. It used a snowball sampling technique to collect data using the compact questionnaire comprise of EWI, Climate Anxiety Scale (CAS), and Big Five Inventory (BFI-15) from 251 participants in 2023 among students of Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez (UACJ), Juárez, Mexico.Results: Results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO=0.891) and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity (p &lt; 0.001) showed adequate data. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; ?2 (5) = 78,595, CFI = 0.94, and RMSEA=0.078) demonstrated adequate goodness of fit. EWI was associated with CAS, and neuroticism dimension of BFI-15. It has an acceptable overall Cronbach Alpha coefficient (? = 0.890); the two subscale factors’ reliability coefficients ranged from .80 to .89. Conclusion: The study concluded that EWI is reliable, valid and recommended for use among Mexicans especially the Spanish speaking students.

Psychometric evaluation of an adult post-COVID-19 symptom tool: a development and validation study

The objective of this study was aimed to develop and validate an instrument for post-COVID-19 symptoms in adults. Data were collected from adults with a previous COVID-19 diagnosis in Taiwan. We developed the initial instrument through systematic review and expert feedback. Its validity was tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion-related validity, while its reliability was tested using Cronbach’s alpha. In total, 310 adults participated in this study. Examination of the EFA clearly classified a five-factor model with 24 items (Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin = 0.903; Bartlett’s test of sphericity: X2 = 5242.956, df = 276, p < 0.01). The goodness of fit indices of the CFA were as follows: chi-square = 635.172 (p < 0.01), normed chi-square = 2.669, standardized root mean square residual = 0.077, root mean square error of approximation = 0.073, comparative fit index = 0.922, and Tuker and Lewis index = 0.910. The value of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the total items was 0.941, and the values for the subscales ranged from 0.813 to 0.924. The instrument exhibited acceptable psychometric properties, proving it to be a valuable tool for evaluating post-COVID-19 symptoms in patients at hospitals.

The attitude of online fans: perceived value, expectation, and identification on VAR satisfaction.

This study explores online fan satisfaction with the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) during the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. A structural equation model comprising perceived value, fan expectation, fan identification, and fan satisfaction was run. The online questionnaires were distributed among Chinese football fans. A total of 224 valid responses were received. Using indicators like Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) statistic, and Bartlett's test of sphericity, the results were assessed for reliability, validity, and suitability. From the statistical results, the overall satisfaction of fans with VAR is the middle. Both fan expectation and perceived value positively affect satisfaction (p < 0.01); the path coefficients were 0.26 and 0.57. Contrastingly, fan identification exerts no significant effect on fan satisfaction (p > 0.05); and fan expectation indirectly affects fan satisfaction through perceived value (p < 0.01); the path coefficient was 0.29. The highest effect value for fan satisfaction is perceived value, followed by fan expectation. Consequently, to improve online fan satisfaction with VAR, researchers should focus on perceived value. This research contributes to a greater more comprehensive of Chinese online fans' preference towards VAR at the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022.

The translation and validation of the MES for an Austrian sample.

Empathy plays an important role in midwifery care, not only for the women but also for midwives. The Midwifery Empathy Scale (MES) was developed to assess the empathy levels of midwives and midwifery students. The purpose of this study was the translation and validation of the MES for an Austrian sample. A total of 277 midwives working in Austria completed the questionnaire of the MES. The psychometric measurements that were performed included explanatory factor analysis using a varimax rotation and principal components analysis. Moreover, the internal consistency of the MES was assessed with reliability coefficients. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy and a Bartlett's test of sphericity were carried out. Principal components analysis showed seven orthogonal factors. KMO measure of sample adequacy = 0.724 and Bartlett's test of sphericity = 1058.904 (df=231, p<0.0001). The MES showed an acceptable overall internal consistency: Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.721 and the Guttman split-half coefficient was 0.611. The findings of our study confirm the multidimensionality of MES, demonstrating a seven-factor structure which contained subscales reflecting empathy and emotional connection. The mean total score of Austrian midwives' responses to the MES was 44.80 with scores ranging from 24 to 81. This study shows that the German version of the Midwifery Empathy Scale is a reliable instrument for evaluating the empathy levels of midwives and midwifery students in Austria. The German MES could be used in the selection and education of future midwives as well as in connection with empathy trainings of midwives.

Psychometric properties of the Providers Survey in the Brazilian context of mental health: a validation study.

Precisely determining the aspects related to an instrument's validity and reliability measures allows for greater assurance of the quality of the results. To analyze the psychometric properties of The Providers Survey in the Brazilian context of mental health services. The instrument validation study was conducted in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The validation study was conducted using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist to analyze its validity and reliability. A committee of expert judges performed content validation after which the Content Validity Index was calculated. Construct validation took place through Exploratory Factor Analysis using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test criterion and Bartlett's Sphericity Test. Reliability was verified using test-retest reliability. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests was 5% (P < 0.05). The final instrument comprised 54 questions. The Content Validity Index was 97%. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.901 and Bartlett's Sphericity Test with P < 0.001. We obtained a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.95 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.849. The Providers Survey, translated and adapted into Portuguese, was named the Work Assessment Instrument for the Recovery of Mental Health. It presented adequate psychometric properties for evaluating work-related practices for the recovery of psychosocial care network users.

Assessment of the Factors Affecting Property Tax Compliance in Nigeria

Property tax is assessed on the value of hereditaments within a tax jurisdiction. The study aimed at assessing the factors influencing property tax compliance in a growing economy such as Nigeria. The study employed descriptive and inferential statistical tools to analyse the data obtained from the study. The reliability test conducted indicated that the data used for the analysis were reliable considering that the Kaiser–Mayer–Olkin (KMO) is greater than 0.5 and Bartlett’s test of sphericity is significant as indicated by the p-value of 0.000. The mean values as obtained from the result also revealed that the level of income, level of education and available of community services were ranked first, second and third factors respectively that influence tax compliance in the study area. The result obtained from the analysis revealed five key factors that constitute 81.1% variability, and these factors include economic, institutional, social, individual and socio-economic factors. The study concludes that attitudes of taxpayers towards compliance tend to be positive and responsive whenever the identified factors are addressed. The study therefore recommends that transparency and accountability factors should be used for restoring public confidence, effectiveness of tax authority and government institutional policy on property market as they have long term effect on compliance to property tax liability.

Uptake of Digital Organizational Innovations on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

The rapid evolution of digital innovations has globally transformed the banking sector, with commercial banks in Kenya experiencing significant operational changes driven by these advancements. Despite the substantial benefits associated with digital innovations, there remains a gap in understanding the precise influence of organizational innovations on the financial performance of commercial banks. This gap is exacerbated by a lack of comprehensive empirical studies that systematically examine the relationship between digital organizational innovations and financial performance within the Kenyan banking sector. Navigating the dynamic regulatory landscape poses a significant challenge as the industry strives to balance innovation with compliance, thereby potentially dampening the enthusiasm of commercial banks to fully embrace transformative digital initiatives. This study aimed to assess the influence of digital organizational innovations on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya, the Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change was used to assist in explaining the objective. Adopting a positivist philosophy, the study targeted a population of 1,470 employees across 39 commercial banks in Kenya, utilizing a stratified random sampling technique to select a sample size of 315 participants, including senior management, supervisory management, and junior officers. A descriptive research design was employed, using structured questionnaires to collect primary data, while secondary data was sourced from banking sector supervisory and innovation survey reports. A pilot test was conducted to estimate reliability using Cronbach’s Alpha, and content validity was assessed with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure and Bartlett’s test of sphericity. Descriptive analysis was presented using frequency tables and bar graphs. A panel linear regression model was applied, revealing that 76% (R²=0.761, F=822.691, P˂0.0001) of the variations in return on equity (ROE) for commercial banks were explained by digital organizational innovations. The findings demonstrated a positive and significant correlation between the adoption of digital innovations and the financial performance of commercial banks (P˂0.05). The study recommends that commercial banks explore new business models through access to innovative technologies, foster strategic collaborations, and remain aligned with regulatory requirements to enhance financial performance significantly. Embracing a culture of experimentation and agile management policies can help flatten hierarchies that inhibit innovation. Policymakers are encouraged to provide clear guidelines and a harmonized regulatory environment to foster enthusiasm for transformative digital initiatives. The study's findings may not generalize to other industries or geographical contexts due to variations in regulatory frameworks, market structures, cultural norms, and technological infrastructure. Consequently, the study proposes comparative research across diverse contexts to assess the generalizability of these findings.

University Student Depression Inventory, Brazilian Version, Construct Assessment.

to assess the University Student Depression Inventory, Brazilian version (USDI-BR), construct. a methodological study carried out with a snowball probabilistic sample, consisting of 334 undergraduate and graduate students. Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability using McDonald's omega coefficient and Cronbach's alpha were performed. Principal component analysis was performed using the varimax rotation and oblimin rotation, using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin criteria, Bartlett's test of sphericity and scree plot. the USDI-BR presented an internal consistency of items of ω = 0.95 and remained with 30 items, with the addition of 1 factor (Death wish and social withdrawal), totaling 4 factors. the USDI-BR has evidence that points to its validity and also its internal consistency, deserving that new studies be carried out to expand the evidence of its psychometric properties.

The Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire: the Turkish validity and reliability study.

This study aimed to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of the Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire. The study was carried out with 265 adolescents. Data were collected with the Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire and the Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the construct validity of Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire. The scale reliability was tested using test-retest, Cronbach's α test, Pearson correlation analysis, and inter-item correlation analysis. The Cronbach's α coefficients were found to be above 0.80 for all sub-dimensions and the total scale. Correlations between Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire and Cleveland Adolescent Sleepiness Questionnaire scores were positively highly significant. The test-retest correlation analysis of Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire was 0.675. The results of confirmatory factor analysis were χ2/df=2.861, comparative fit index=0.966, incremental fit index=0.966, Tucker-Lewis index=0.956, normed fit index=0.949, root-mean-square error of approximation=0.084. The suitability of the data for exploratory factor analysis was evaluated with Bartlett's test of sphericity (p<0.05), and the sample adequacy was evaluated with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test (0.77). The Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire Turkish version is a valid and reliable tool for measuring insomnia in adolescents aged 11-18 years. Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire is a brief, practical, self-reported, age-appropriate, easily applicable, valid, and reliable tool in Turkish. This is the first Turkish validity and reliability study of Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire.

Cross Validation of the Post Event-Cardiovascular Risk Perception Survey Instrument among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients

Background: By 2035, nearly half of U.S. adults will have some form of heart disease. COVID-19 altered the delivery of care for cardiac rehabilitation patients who experienced a cardiac event.Objective: To cross-validate the Post Event-Cardiovascular Risk Perception Survey (PE-CRPS).Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted to validate CVD risk perception survey. Explorative factor analysis (EFA) was utilized to explore the factors, validate the scale, and measure variance in the data.Results: Of the 261 individuals, majority were males (71%, mean age: 65.77 years), Caucasian-Non-Hispanic origin (94%) with co morbidities (hypertension, hyper-lipidemia and diabetes). EFA identified 16 latent (eigenvalues &gt;1) with 45 observed variables to measure CVD risk perception. Factors explained 68% of the variance. Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant (p=.001), indicating variances not significant and the factors correlated.Conclusions: PE-CRPS was valid and can be used to assess cardiac risk perceptions among cardiac rehabilitation individuals.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to Brazilian Portuguese and its psychometric properties—A multicenter cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo adapt the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to the Brazilian language and culture and to assess its psychometric properties. ResultsThe scale was evaluated by 15 experts, and 239 patients from three tertiary hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. All participants signed a consent form. Data have shown adequacy of the model (KMO=0.839, Bartlett's test of sphericity: χ2(171) = 2241.3, p = 0.000010), good adjusted content validity (CVCa ≥ 0.90), internal consistency and reliability, such as α = 0.927. DiscussionCuPDPH is a rating scale on observable professional attitudes. Illnesses change lives and impose adaptation to a new situation, perceived as depersonalization, leading patients to try to regain control of their lives. Patients expressed “ill will” to fill out the scale. Psychiatric patients’ scale filling time was higher than others. A sample from three Rio de Janeiro third-level hospitals may not reflect the country's population; also, this adaptation may not comprise all linguistic variations of Brazilian Portuguese and Portuguese-speaking countries. ConclusionThe Portuguese version of the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH), a 19-item, six-component version is a reliable instrument to measure the perception of internal medicine, surgical, and psychiatric patients on the maintenance of their dignity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This knowledge could be used in advancing research on patients’ perception of dignity, as well as professional ethical competencies, staff-patient relationship skills, and leadership development in medical and other healthcare professional education.

Nursing and midwifery students' attitudes towards addressing patient sexual health in their future profession: Polish adaptation and validation of the students' attitudes towards addressing sexual health extended questionnaire (SA-SH-Ext).

The aim of the study was to assess the success of an adaption of the Students' Attitudes Towards Addressing Sexual Health Extended Questionnaire (SA-SH-Ext) in meeting Polish linguistic and cultural norms, as well as to ascertain the nursing and midwifery students' attitudes towards addressing sexual health using the SA-SH-Ext questionnaire. The sample size of the cross-sectional validation study consisted of 570 Polish nursing and midwifery students. The collected data was used to examine the internal consistency reliability and construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Internal consistency reliability showed a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.91, and construct validity measured by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) demonstrated good results. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy (KMO) was high and amounted to 0.923, and the Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (p = 0.000). The analysis of construct validity demonstrated five major factors: "Present feelings of comfortableness" (Factor 1), "Future working environment" (Factor 2), "Fear of negative influence on future patient relation" (Factor 3), "Educational needs-Awareness of knowledge gap" (Factor 4), "Educational needs-Awareness of the needs for competences" (Factor 5). The SA-SH-Ext v.PL questionnaire is a reliable and valuable instrument for assessing the level of perceived preparedness among nursing and midwifery students in addressing patient sexual health, a field often neglected in health and holistic care.

Development and Validation of the Healthcare-Seeking Intention Questionnaire in Patients with Diabetic High-Risk Foot.

Timely screening and intervention can prevent the development of the diabetic foot. However, delayed visits to the clinic are common among diabetic foot patients. The study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess healthcare-seeking behavior among patients with diabetic high-risk foot. The questionnaire of healthcare-seeking intention for patients with diabetic high-risk foot was developed in two phases: (1) Developing the questionnaire: 1) questionnaire items were formulated after literature review, group discussion and semi-qualitative interview; 2) a two-round modified Delphi method was to examine the content validity and the degree of consistency in questionnaire items; 3) conducting pre-survey to revise the questionnaire items. (2) Assessing the internal reliability and construct validity. The final questionnaire consisted of five main themes and 28 items with a five-point rating. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the five dimensions were respectively 0.937 (relevant knowledge of diabetic foot), 0.669 (attitudes toward seeking care), 0.896 (social support for seeking care), 0.621 (efficacy in coping with foot symptoms), 0.871 (intention to seek care). The Scale-level Content Validity Index of the five parts was 1.00, 0.80, 1.00, 1.00, and 1.00, respectively. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin values for each dimension was greater than 0.7, and the p-value for Bartlett's test of sphericity was less than 0.05. This questionnaire showed good validity, internal consistency, and reliability. It provided a potentially useful instrument to evaluate healthcare-seeking intention among patients with diabetic high-risk foot.

General Attitude Scale for Social Media Influencers

This study aims to develop and validate a scale measuring consumers’ attitudes towards social media influencers (SMIs). In this sense, the study population consisted of social media users who followed at least one social media influencer. The survey method was used as the data collection tool in the study. While creating the scale items, relevant literature as well as expressions and some sentences obtained from short interviews with consumers who use social media and follow at least one social media influencer were used. As part of the research, 821 surveys were accepted as valid and evaluated. After pretesting studies on a group of 258 people, the scale was retested with a new sample of 821 people. The skewness and kurtosis values were between +1.96 and -1.96. The sample had a normal distribution. The EFA analysis revealed that the scale item distribution was compatible with the pretest analysis. Although no random distribution was found with parallel analysis, Kaiser–Guttman analysis was also performed to control the distribution of random scales into their subdimensions. The EFA results showed that the developed scale provided appropriate values. KMO=0.896, Bartlett’s sphericity test=0.000, Bartlett’s&lt;0.05, Cronbach’s alpha=0.889, AVE=0.585, and CR=0.934. As a result of CFA, the values for the goodness of fit were found to be appropriate (x2 (df)=3.144; p=0.000, RMSEA=0.051; CFI=0.994; GFI=0.990; SRMR=0.014; AVE=0.580; CR=0.933), and it was observed that there were no items below the factor value of 0.50. As a result of the invariance analysis, it was understood that the developed scale had invariance properties and was suitable for use with a large audience, as the ∆CFI value was less than 0.01 between both samples. The General Attitudes Scale towards social media influencers has a single factor and consists of six items. The factor loading values of the scale items ranged between 0.53 and 0.90. In this research, it was determined that social media influencers had a significant impact on the participants. The general attitudes of the participants as part of the study had a significant effect on their social media influencers.