Rat Testis Research Articles

Low protein uptake during peripuberty impairs the testis, epididymis, and spermatozoa in pubertal and adult Wistar rats.

Protein malnutrition during critical periods poses significant risks to reproductive health. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the immediate and delayed effects of a 30-day low-protein diet on the postnatal development of the male reproductive system. For so, male rats were fed a protein-deficient diet from postnatal day 30-60, followed by evaluations of testis, epididymis, and spermatozoa both at the end of the diet and after a 60-day recovery period. Testicular and epididymal weight was lowered in pubertal animals. Several histological alterations were found in the testis, such as acidophilic cells and vacuoles in the seminiferous epithelium, and sperm production was compromised. In the epididymis, the luminal compartment was diminished, and the stroma was enlarged both in the caput and cauda; in the cauda, the epithelial compartment was enlarged; the transit time of spermatozoa through this organ was diminished. Testosterone production was lowered. Spermatozoa's motility, mitochondrial activation, and acrosomal integrity were impaired, and several alterations in morphology were observed. After the recovery period, testicular and epididymal weight was restored. Tissue remodulation was observed in the epididymis, but the spermatozoa's transit time in this organ was not altered. Sperm and testosterone production, spermatozoa motility, mitochondrial activation, and acrosomal integrity were also restored. However, testicular histological alterations and spermatic morphological abnormalities were maintained in protein-restricted animals. Protein restriction during peripuberty impairs the reproductive maturation of pubertal Wistar rats, impairing testicular and epididymal function, with lasting effects even after dietary correction.

Impact of Cyclophosphamide on Testis and Sexual Glands of Adult Albino Rats and Probable Recovery After Drug Withdrawal: A Histological and Immunohistochemical study

Background: Cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy and an immune-suppressive drug which is used for treatment of malignant and immune –related disease. The current work was conducted to evaluate the histological structure of the male gonad and sexual glands during treatment and after discontinuation of cyclophosphamide. Material and Methods: Thirty male albino- rats were classified into three groups. The first one was treated by normal saline, the second and third groups received cyclophosphamide 150 mg/kg intra peritoneal every two days for one week. The third group regarded as recovery group and divided into two subgroups with one- or two-months’ recovery period. At the accomplishment of the work, blood was drowning for hormonal analysis (testosterone) then the animals were sacrificed. The testis, prostate and seminal vesicle were removed and prepare for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The cyclophosphamide treated group (GII) showed reduction of serum testosterone level, the testicular and sexual glands sections revealed atrophic and degenerative changes of their lining epithelium with reduction of their function and changes of their Ki67 expression which indicate abnormal proliferative pattern of the cells. However, the histopathological changes of treated group showed no improvement after one or even two months of drug withdrawal. Conclusion: The present study pointed out the risk of infertility and gonadal toxicity during cyclophosphamide treatment which may be permanent even after termination of the treatment.

Efficacy of Quercetin and Quercetin Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Against Cisplatin-Induced Renal and Testicular Toxicity via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis.

Flavonoids, including quercetin, have attracted much attention due to their potential health-promoting effects. The current experiment aims to see whether quercetin (QUE) in nanoparticle form could mitigate testicular and renal toxicity caused by cisplatin (CIS) more effectively than normally formulated QUE. Rats were randomly treated with CIS alone or in combination with QUE or QUE.NPs (Quercetin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles) for 4 weeks. QUE and QUE.NPs were given orally (10 mg/kg, three times a week), while CIS was given intraperitoneally (2 mg/kg, twice a week). Compared to QUE- and CIS + QUE.NP-treated rats, CIS exposure induced anxiety and emotional stress as well as promoted oxidative stress in both testicular and renal tissues. Moreover, CIS reduced serum testosterone levels and diminished testicular IL-10, as well as CIS-induced renal failure, as indicated by hypokalemia, and increased levels of creatinine, urea, sodium, IL-18, and KIM-1. Further, severe histological changes were observed in the testis and kidney of CIS-intoxicated rats. Regarding immunohistochemical staining, CIS significantly upregulated Bax, downregulated Bcl-2, and moderately enhanced PCNA expression. Our findings suggest that both QUE and QUE.NPs modulated emotional disturbance and improved testicular and renal functions via modulation of oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, QUE.NPs performed better than QUE-treated rats.

Methodological approaches to the creation of a biological model of smoke in landscape fires

Introduction. Long-term smoke from landscape fires causes various health problems, primarily affecting the respiratory, cardiovascular, and nervous systems. To substantiate safe levels of exposure to smoke from landscape fires, it is necessary to create an adequate biological model for smoke that is close to natural conditions. The aim of the study is to develop and test methodological approaches to creating a biological model for smoke during landscape fires to substantiate safe levels of exposure. Materials and methods. Using the developed biological model, we studied the effects of smoke from landscape fires on white rats. We assessed the functional state of the central nervous system based on rat behaviour and EEG examination results, conducted a morphological study of the cerebral cortex and testes of white rats, and examined the offspring immediately after birth and at puberty. Results. We studied the biological response of white rats exposed to inhalation smoke from landscape fires for different durations. The main criterion indicators of health disorders in the central nervous and reproductive systems of animals were identified. Limitations. The study is limited by the lack of data on safe levels of exposure to smoke from landscape fires on the central nervous system and reproductive toxicity. Conclusion. Testing of the developed method allowed identifying the exposure load of carbon monoxide and ultrafine particles PM2.5, at which changes in the nervous and reproductive systems are minimal. A method for calculating safe levels of exposure for the central nervous and reproductive systems, as well as for the effect on offspring, is proposed. An algorithm for conducting research in studying the effect of smoke from landscape fires on the body has been developed.

Myosin VI Is Associated With the Endoplasmic Reticulum in Regions of Sertoli Cells Containing Tubulobulbar Complexes.

Myosin VI has been reported by others to localize in association with various regions of apical tubulobulbar complexes (TBCs) at sites of attachment between Sertoli cells and late spermatids in the mouse. Tubulobulbar complexes internalize "intact" intercellular junctions during sperm release and during spermatocyte translocation through the blood-testis barrier. Here, we use super-resolution (STED-stimulated emission depletion) and electron microscopy of immunolabeled sections of rat testis to clearly define the localization of anti-myosin VI reactivity both at apical and basal sites in the epithelium. In data stacks collected by STED imaging, staining at TBCs was predominantly associated with bulb regions of the complexes. At apical sites, when data stacks were analyzed with an Imaris software, staining appeared around and extended between adjacent bulbs. At basal sites, in addition to labeling at TBC bulbs, reactive sites appeared concentrated in regions close to but not directly associated with intercellular junctions. At the ultrastructural level, labeling was predominantly associated with cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum associated with the bulbs of TBCs and near to basal junction complexes. We conclude that myosin VI may be associated with specific subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum related to TBC bulbs and associated basal junction complexes between Sertoli cells.

Altered Expression of Thyroid- and Calcium Ion Channels-Related Genes in Rat Testes by Short-Term Exposure to Commercial Herbicides Paraquat or 2,4-D.

Exposure to pesticides such as paraquat and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been linked to harmful health effects, including alterations in male reproduction. Both herbicides are widely used in developing countries and have been associated with reproductive alterations, such as disruption of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. The thyroid axis and Ca2+-permeable ion channels play a key role in these processes, and their disruption can lead to reproductive issues and even infertility. This study evaluated the short-term effects of exposure to commercial herbicides based on paraquat and 2,4-D on gene expression in rat testes. At the molecular level, exposure to paraquat increased the expression of the thyroid hormone transporters monocarboxylate transporter 8 (Mct8) and organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1C1 (Oatp1c1) and the thyroid receptor alpha (TRα), suggesting a possible endocrine disruption. However, it did not alter the expression of the sperm-associated cation channels (CatSper1-2) or vanilloid receptor-related osmotically activated channel (Trpv4) related to sperm motility. In contrast, exposure to 2,4-D reduced the expression of the Mct10 transporter, Dio2 deiodinase, and CatSper1, which could affect both the availability of T3 in testicular cells and sperm quality, consistent with previous studies. However, 2,4-D did not affect the expression of CatSper2 or Trpv4. Deregulation of gene expression could explain the alterations in male reproductive processes reported by exposure to paraquat and 2,4-D. These thyroid hormone-related genes can serve as molecular biomarkers to assess endocrine disruption due to exposure to these herbicides, aiding in evaluating the health risks of pesticides.

Lecithin’s antioxidant properties protect against cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity and infertility in male rats

Background: Infertility is a prevalent problem that affects 15% of couples globally. Male infertility, which accounts for half of all cases, can be caused by several factors, including aging, drug use, genetic problems, and exposure to environmental toxins. Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly utilized immunosuppressant and anticancer medication that can induce oxidative stress and harm the reproductive system of men. The beneficial effects of antioxidants in mitigating the CP-induced reproductive toxicities are well-documented. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of lecithin (as an antioxidant) against the CP-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Methodology: Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into three groups: (i) the negative control group (that received sterile water via the intragastric route for 13 consecutive days), (ii) the positive control group (that received sterile water via the intragastric route for 5 days and, subsequently, a single, intraperitoneal dose of CP on day 6, followed by sterile water via the intragastric route for the next 7 consecutive days), and (iii) the lecithin-treated group (that received lecithin via the intragastric route for 5 days and, subsequently, a single, intraperitoneal dose of CP on day 6, followed by lecithin via the intragastric route for the next 7 consecutive days). Results: Lecithin treatment improved sperm parameters, plasmatic testosterone levels, and glutathione peroxidase, thereby preventing histopathological alterations in the rat testes. Conclusion: Lecithin demonstrated its potential protective effects against reproductive impairments and oxidative stress in the CP-treated rat group, and might prove promising for use in clinical practice as a protective agent against chemotherapy-induced male reproductive toxicity and infertility.

Higher Sensitivity of Rat Testes to Nano Nickel than Micro Nickel Particles: A Toxicological Evaluation.

Present investigations were undertaken to record the vulnerability of testis to nickel oxide nano and microparticles in Wistar rat with special reference to their preferred bioaccumulation, consequent generation of reactive species, reciprocal influence on testosterone synthesis, DNA damage in spermatids and histopathological changes. Suitable numbers of rats were gavaged NiONPs or NiOMPs (5mg/kg b.w.each) for 15 and 30days. Testes en bloc were removed and processed for the estimation of selected parameters. Results showed that rat testes could accumulate nickel in an exposure time dependent manner. Generation of malondialdehyde, a denominator of ROS, increased significantly in the testes of NiONPs treated rats. Moreover, serum testosterone values also increased in NiONPs treated rats. Higher DNA damage in sperms was also recorded. Nano and microparticles of nickel, both could induce specific dose and time dependent lesions in the testis of rat. Histopathological results revealed degeneration of germinal epithelium and spermatocytes; hypertrophy of seminiferous tubules and necrosis. SEM results also indicated specific morphological changes in cellular components of tubules. This study suggests that testis is also vulnerable to the adverse effects of NiONPs alike liver and kidney. Both micro and nanoparticles of nickel elicited differential effects in a dose and exposure time dependent manner. However, NiONPs induced greater overall toxicity than NiOMPs. The results are expected to be helpful in determining the human reproductive health risks, associated with environmental/ occupational exposure to nanoparticles of nickel.

Design and Implementation of a Desorption Electro-flow Focusing Sprayer on an Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer for DESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging at High Spatial Resolution and at High Speed.

Since desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) was first presented in 2004, the fundamental design of the sprayer has undergone relatively minor modifications. This changed in 2022 when Takats and co-workers implemented the desorption electro-flow focusing (DEFFI) sprayer design by modifying the sprayer from a commercial DESI system, leading to significantly improved spatial resolution and robustness compared with the traditional DESI-MSI sprayer design. Here, we present the design of a new DEFFI sprayer that can be built from standard fittings and connectors in combination with an aluminum spray head that can be machined in most mechanic workshops. The new design represents a cost-efficient approach to improved DESI-MSI on mass spectrometers from all vendors, including high-resolution instruments such as Orbitraps and FT-ICR. The new DEFFI sprayer is demonstrated on a QExactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer, resulting in a massively improved ion yield compared with the classic DESI sprayer. The improved ion yield enables DESI-MSI at ion injection times down to 5 ms, allowing for DESI-MSI at a potentially very high speed. More importantly, the DEFFI sprayer delivers a more robust and focused spray, which is easier to use and requires less optimization. It provides high spatial resolution with limited effort compared with previous modifications of the traditional DESI design. Imaging of rat testis was performed at pixel sizes down to 12 μm, suggesting a spatial resolution of approximately 30 μm, which may have potential for further improvement.

Study of Histological Changes of Testis in Rats of Different Ages When Exposed to Frequency 10GHZ Within The X-Band Microwave

This study investigates the impact of 10 GHz microwave exposure, within the X-band range, on rat testicular tissue and sperm development across different age groups. Laboratory rats were divided into a control group of six, which was not exposed to microwaves, and a treatment group of 18, further split into three age-based subgroups (8–12 weeks, 12–16 weeks, and 16–20 weeks), each containing six rats exposed to 10 GHz microwaves for 2.5 hours daily over five weeks. The findings revealed no histological changes in the control group. However, in the treated groups, significant alterations were observed: the youngest group showed a lack of sperm formation and loss of spermatocytes; the middle group displayed malformed sperm and reduced numbers; and the oldest group experienced a decrease in sperm count and minor shape alterations. Additionally, after five weeks, all treated groups exhibited damage to the testicular interstitial tissue, including ruptures and space formation between seminiferous tubules. This study suggests potential risks of microwave exposure on reproductive health and lays the groundwork for future research in this area.

Histomorphological Changes in Testis of Rats with Prolonged Exposure to Allethrin-Based Mosquito Coil Smoke.

To explore the potential adverse effects of prolonged inhalation of mosquito coil smoke on the testicular histomorphology and serum testosterone levels in rats. An experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to December 2020. This study was carried out on 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into control Group A (n = 10) and experimental Group B (n = 10). Rats in Group B were exposed to mosquito coil smoke (allethrin-based) for 4 hours / day for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of exposure, serum testosterone levels and testicular morphology (seminiferous tubule diameter, germinal epithelium height, and testicular capsule thickness) were compared between the groups. Rats exposed to mosquito coil smoke showed significantly reduced serum testosterone levels (p <0.001) along with testicular histological disruption in terms of significantly dilated seminiferous tubules (p <0.001), reduced germinal epithelial height (p <0.001), and thickened testicular capsule (p <0.001), as compared to the control group. Prolonged inhalation of allethrin-based mosquito coil smoke reduced serum testosterone levels and caused testicular histological disruption in the exposed group of rats. Allethrin, Germinal epithelium, Mosquito coil, Seminiferous tubules, Testicular capsule, Testosterone, Testis.

Selenium Improves Arsenic-Induced Male Reproductive Dysfunction by Regulating H3K14ac Level.

Arsenic exposure has been known to be associated with male reproduction injury. Exploring the antidote of arsenic and ascertaining proper dose of antidote are important for detoxifying the male reproductive toxicity of arsenic. Selenium, which is essential for the male reproduction and spermatogenesis, can alleviate the toxicity of many environmental toxins, such as metals, and fluoride (F). Selenium relieves arsenic-induced reductions in spermatogenesis index and testicular function marker enzymes via promoting the antioxidative ability of rats. Our previous study has found that arsenic can induce male reproductive toxicity by affecting the level of H3K14ac in the testis, so we further investigate whether selenium can antagonize arsenic-induced male reproductive toxicity through the H3K14ac pathway and ascertain the appropriate dose of selenium. The results show that selenium intervention reduces the accumulation of arsenic in rat testis probably attributing to promote the excretion of arsenic from rat, then improves the testis injury induced by arsenic. Selenium intervention enhances sperm quality, testosterone level, and expression of steroidogenic genes by regulating H3K14ac level and expression of its associated enzymes (KAT2A, BAZ2A, and HDAC6), and thus alleviates the male reproductive toxicity of arsenic, and the proper dose of Se for mitigating arsenic male reproductive toxicity is 1mg/kg.

Astragalin alleviates oligoasthenospermia via promoting nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and reducing ferroptosis of testis

Oligoasthenospermia (OAS) is a global human developmental disease and the most common type of male infertility. There are currently no sufficiently effective therapeutic strategies for OAS. Wuziyanzong Pill (WZYZP) is a traditional Chinese prescription for the clinical treatment of male infertility, and its efficacy is well known in China. Therefore, due to the complexity of traditional Chinese medicine, the specific mechanism of action of WZYZP on OAS has not been elucidated. Astragalin (AG), one of the main active substances in WZYZP, has good antioxidant effect. The aim of this research is to investigate whether AG, the active substance in WZYZP, can treat OAS by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting ferroptosis. The OAS model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide, and the therapeutic effects of AG and WZYZP on OAS were evaluated by detecting sperm quality, sex hormone levels and testicular pathological changes after intragastric administration of AG and WZYZP. Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of TFR1, SLC7A11, GPX4 and FTH1. The nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was detected by immunofluorescence staining and nuclear/intracellular expression of Nrf2. The results showed that AG could improve sperm quality and serum sex hormone levels in OAS rats, reduce the expression of testicular Fe2+ and TFR1, up-regulate testicular SLC7A11, GPX4 and FTH1, and inhibit testicular ferroptosis. At the same time, AG can promote the expression and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the testis of OAS rats. AG can alleviate OAS via promoting nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and inhibiting ferroptosis of testis.

Sulforaphane substantially impedes testicular ferroptosis in adult rats exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate through activation of NRF-2/SLC7A11/GPX-4 trajectory.

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is a common plasticizer with a deleterious impact on testicular functionality and male fertility. Growing evidence implicates ferroptosis as one of the plausible mechanisms for DEHP-induced testicular injury. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural isothiocyanate displaying beneficial effects on testicular injury in several animal models. Herein, we explored the potential protective effect of SFN on testicular ferroptosis and toxicity evoked by DEHP. Adult male Wistar rats were equally distributed into three groups (n = 6/group): (i) CON group; (ii) DEHP group, received DEHP (2g/kg PO) for 4weeks; and (iii) DEHP + SFN group, received SFN (10mg/kg, PO) 1week prior to DEHP then concurrently with DEHP for further 4weeks. Compared to CON group, exposure to DEHP caused testicular atrophy, deteriorated testicular architecture, testicular fibrosis, reduced sperm count and motility, higher sperm deformity, and declined serum testosterone level. All these abnormalities were ameliorated by SFN preconditioning. Additionally, pretreatment with SFN reversed the increased aromatase level and upregulated the steroidogenic markers in testes of DEHP-exposed rats. SFN pretreatment also counteracted DEHP-induced oxidative stress and boosted the total antioxidant capacity in testicular tissue via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF-2) and its downstream target, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, SFN preconditioning mitigated DEHP-induced ferroptosis through up-surging SLC7A11, GPX-4, and GSH, while suppressing iron overload and ACSL4-induced lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue of rats. These findings may nominate SFN as a promising protective intervention to alleviate testicular ferroptosis associated with DEHP exposure through activation of NRF-2/SLC7A11/GPX-4 trajectory.

Therapeutic Effect of Nano-Extract of Nigella Sativa Seeds on The Histological Structure of The Testis In Male Albino Rats Induced With Anemia

Background: The study explores the effect of nanoparticles derived from the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa seeds on the histological structure of the testis in male albino rats with tartrazine-induced anemia. Nanoparticles, ranging in size from 1 to 100 nanometers, possess unique physical and chemical properties that enhance their ability to interact and deliver drugs. Objective: This study focuses on the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa seed extract nanoparticles in treating testicular histological changes in anemic rats. The testicle is an oval organ involved in sperm formation and hormone production. It contains seminiferous tubules, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells, which are responsible for sperm production and testosterone synthesis. Methods: The study included 36 male albino mice, aged between 8-12 weeks, and weighing 240-260 grams, from the Iraqi Center for Cancer Research and Medical Genetics. The animals were divided into six groups, each group having six animals. Results: The study showed that tartrazine at a concentration of 20 mg/kg: with Nigella sativa nanoparticles 50 mg/kg: an increase in weight. the body. While tartrazine at a concentration of 20 mg/kg with N.sativa nanoparticles at 75 mg/kg did not show significant differences compared with the control group. The results showed the Nigella sativa seed nanoparticles at a concentration of (50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg): showed an increase in body weight, while tartrazine at a concentration of 20 mg/kg: a decrease in body weight, and no significant changes were observed in testicle weight in all treatments compared with the control group. Non-significant changes in testicle weight compare with Control group. The study showed that treatment with tartrazine 20 mg/kg showed noticeable histological changes in the histological structure of the testicle. Tartrazine with N.sativa nanoparticles (50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg): No histological changes, indicating attenuation of tartrazine-induced damage. N.sativa nanoparticles (50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg): demonstrated normal composition of testicular tissue, indicating no harmful effects on testicular tissue. has protective effects. Conclusion:The study aimed to investigate the potential of using nanoparticles extracted from Nigella sativa seeds to protect against damage caused by tartrazine in male albino rats.with significant therapeutic implications for the use of natural antioxidants in biomedical applications.

Aqueous Seed Extract of Nigella Sativa Ameliorated Metronidazole-Induced Testicular Damage Via Up-Regulations of the Antioxidant System

Background: Infertility is a condition characterized by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Objectives: To determine the effect of aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa on testicular antioxidant levels in metronidazole-induced infertility in male Wistar rats. Methods: A total of thirty-five (35) male Wistar rats (aged 7-10 weeks old) were randomly distributed into five different groups (n = 7 each); Group A (Control group), Group B (Metronidazole only), Group C (Metronidazole + aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa), Group D (Metronidazole Recovery), and Group E (Metronidazole + aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa + Recovery). Experimental animals received 500 mg/kg of metronidazole and 300 mg/kg of aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa orally. Results: Metronidazole treatment caused a significant (p&lt;0.05) reduction in the level of testicular glutathione (Control group - 3.50±0.50; MTZ only - 2.00±0.30; MTZ+NS - 2.50±0.40; MTZ+ NS+ Recovery - 2.80±0.40). Similar reductions occurred in the activities of testicular superoxide dismutase (Control - 1.58±0.10; MTZ only - 0.23±0.06; MTZ+NS - 0.68±0.10; MTZ+ NS+ Recovery - 0.68±0.10) and catalase (Control - 2.70±0.35; MTZ only - 0.70±0.25; MTZ+NS - 1.23±0.20; MTZ+ NS+ Recovery: 1.25±0.30) which was followed by histo-architectural alterations in the testes of rats. Thereafter, aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa treatment improved all the initial alterations caused by metronidazole treatment. Two - weeks recovery period was accompanied by a significant (p = 0.017) increase in antioxidant enzyme activities of group E when compared with group B and group D. Conclusions: The aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa exerts its ameliorative effect by improving antioxidant enzyme activities in the testes which then protect the testes against oxidative damage, enhancing sperm quality, preventing apoptosis, supporting testicular function, and aiding tissue repair.

Does coenzyme Q10 supplementation protect spermatogenesis in ciprofloxacin-induced rat testes?

Does coenzyme Q10 supplementation protect spermatogenesis in ciprofloxacin-induced rat testes?

Assessment of eruca sativa leaves extract ZnO NPs effect on the adverse effects of creatine - induced testes injury

This study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of Eruca sativa NPs on the harmful effects of creatine on the testes in male rats. This study used 48 male rats, in two experiments. The first experiment included determining the most effective nano-concentration of watercress extract, while the second experiment included evaluating the role of the nano-extract at the concentration that was chosen based on the results of the first experiment (60 mg/kg) against toxicity resulting from doses of creatine (4 g/kg) for 60 days. This study used 24 adult male rats were randomly assigned to four groups, with six animals per group, and were treated as follows:(G1) 1 ml of 0.09% physiological solution , (G2) dosed (single dose/day) with nano-extract of Eruca sativa at a concentration of (60 mg/kg) , (G3) The animals were dosed (single dose/day) with creatine monohydrate (4 g/kg), (G4 prevention group) dosed with nano-extract of Eruca sativa (60 mg/kg) followed one hour later by a dose of creatine (4 g/kg) . The results of the study indicated a non significant in Concentration of sperm in the epididymis, Percentage of live sperm ,Percentage of motile sperm , Percentage of normal sperm, LH , FSH and Testosterone in G2 and G4 compared to G1. As for the preventive group G4, it recorded a normal results near from control group. it recorded a significant decrease (P&lt;0.05) in Concentration of sperm in the epididymis, Percentage of live sperm ,Percentage of motile sperm , Percentage of normal sperm, LH , FSH and Testosterone in G3 compared to G1 and G2 . The results of the histological examination in G3 showed that there are interstitial spaces between the seminiferous tubules and few sperm in the cavities of the tubules with reduction and disintegration of the interstitial tissue and a lack of Leydig cells and a decrease in the size of the germinal epithelial cell layer with cell degeneration necrosis of cells lining the tubules compared to G1,G2 and G4. The results of this article revealed the positive effects of Eruca sativa leaf ZnO NPs extract on the adverse effects of creatine-induced testes injury.

Katanin regulatory subunit B1 (KATNB1) regulates BTB dynamics through changes in cytoskeletal organization.

In this study, we have explored the role of the KATNB1 gene, a microtubule-severing protein, in the seminiferous epithelium of the rat testis. Our data have shown that KATNB1 expressed in rat brain, testes, and Sertoli cells. KATNB1 was found to co-localize with α-tubulin showing a unique stage-specific distribution across the seminiferous epithelium. Knockdown of KATNB1 by RNAi led to significant disruption of the tight junction (TJ) permeability barrier function in primary Sertoli cells cultured invitro with an established functional TJ-barrier, as well as perturbations in the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton organization. The disruption in these cytoskeletal structures, in turn, led to improper distribution of TJ and basal ES proteins essential for maintaining the Sertoli TJ function. More importantly, overexpression of KATNB1 in the testis invivo was found to block cadmium-induced blood-testis barrier (BTB) disruption and testis injury. KATNB1 exerted its promoting effects on BTB and spermatogenesis through corrective spatiotemporal expression of actin- and microtubule-based regulatory proteins by maintaining the proper organization of cytoskeletons in the testis, illustrating its plausible therapeutic implication. In summary, Katanin regulatory subunit B1 (KATNB1)plays a crucial role in BTB and spermatogenesis through its effects on the actin- and microtubule-based cytoskeletons in Sertoli cells and testis, providing important insights into male reproductive biology.

Tannin-Rich Fraction of Cyperus esculentus Protects against Lead-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats through ITS Antioxidant Properpty

Aims: Lead as a common environmental toxic metal, causes many histological, physiological and biomedical abnormalities in human and animals. This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of tannins on serum level of testosterone, LH and FSH and histology of the testes of male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were divided into five (5) groups, (n=5). Group NS was administered normal saline only, Group PBO was administered with 30mg/kg body weight (BW) of lead, group LDTPB was administered with 50 mg/kg BW of tannins and 30mg/kg BW of lead, group MDTPB was administered with 100mg/kg BW of tannins and 30mg/kg BW of lead, group HDTPB was administered 150mg/kg BW of tannins and 30mg/kg BW of lead orally for 28 days. The animals were sacrificed and testes were harvested on day 29 of the experiment and histological and histochemistry studies done using the H&amp;E and VVG staining respectively. Sperm parameters (motility, concentration), sex hormones (Testosterone, LH, FSH) and antioxidant activities were also determined. Results: There was Leydig cell proliferation and an increase series of spermatogenesis of the testes in the rats of groups administered with lead and tannins different doses (LDTPB, MDTPB and HDTPB) when compared with rats administered with lead only. Rats in groups LDTPB, MDTPB and HDTPB had a significant increase in levels of serum testosterone (p&lt;0.05) when compared with positive control group (2). There was increase in levels of FSH in MDTPB and HDTPB groups when compared with positive control (2). Increased MDA levels were observed in the rats given lead only, PBO when compared to NS group. The rats given lead and tannins significant growth of seminiferous epithelium, improved sperm quality, and had decreased MDA levels. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the protective role of tannins fraction of Cyperus esculentus on lead-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats.