Sampling Testing Research Articles

The Effect of a High-Fat Western Diet on Diabetic Nephropathy and the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes

The high-fat Western diet is a key contributor to the growing rate of obesity, which has become a global health concern. Additionally, obesity increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome which leads to a range of chronic illnesses like diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a complication prevalent in one-third of people with Type 2 Diabetes and leads to End Stage Renal Disease. The aim of this study was to assess how a high-fat Western diet impacts diabetic severity and renal, cardiovascular, and hepatic injury, in a rodent model of type 2 Diabetes. We used aged (>38 weeks old, with severe renal disease) and young (12 weeks old, prior to major kidney damage) male and female Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy (T2DN) rats, a non-obese diabetic animal model, and placed them on either normal (NFD) or high fat (HFD) calorically balanced diets for 12 weeks. Urine sampling and glucose tolerance tests (GTT) were assessed every 3 weeks. All rats on the HFD had significantly increased total body weights (TBW). However, average caloric intake over the 12 weeks was not significantly different in young males and females or in old males, while the aged HFD females had a significant increase (52.18 ± 1.536 vs 67.43 ± 0.4682 kcal/g, p=0.0001). The HFD had no effect on female GTT curves or fasting blood glucose in either age group. In contrast, the HFD males’ glucose intolerance and fasting blood glucose levels increased progressively and became significantly different between diets by week 9 (old: 204.5 ± 10.8 vs 284.4 ± 15.8 mg/dL, p=0.003, young: 193.3 ± 9.497 vs 257.5 ± 17.19 mg/dL, p=0.02). The HFD did not affect urine output or 2-kidney/TBW ratios in both sexes, while heart weight/TBW ratios in females were significantly reduced on the HFD in both age groups. Studies are ongoing in young animals; however, old animals revealed a significant increase in lipid deposits in the liver of HFD group for both males and females. There were no significant changes in circulating cholesterol and triglyceride levels between diets; however, there was a trend to increased triglycerides in females on HFD (p=0.051). The liver function panel showed a significant increase in ALP liver enzyme in the HFD group of both sexes. Picrosirius red-stained heart tissue showed increased fibrosis in the HFD aged males. Microbiome analysis revealed a significant decrease in gut microbiota alpha diversity in males on HFD, while no significant changes were observed in females between diets. Ongoing studies will quantify renal damage, including cortical fibrosis, medullary protein casts, glomerular damage, albuminuria, and KIM-1 staining, as well as lipidemia and heart fibrosis resulting from the HFD for both old and young animals. In conclusion, the HFD appears to have a more deleterious effect on glucose handling in both old and young T2DN males than in female rats; however, further studies are warranted to validate this effect. R01 DK129227, R01 DK135644, R00 HL153686. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

Identifying and Responding to Lead in Drinking Water in a University Setting.

Lead is an established neurotoxicant, and it has known associations with adverse neurodevelopmental and reproductive outcomes. Exposure to lead at any level is unsafe, and the United States (US) has enacted various federal and state legislations to regulate lead levels in drinking water in K-12 schools and childcare facilities; however, no regulations exist for higher education settings. Upon the discovery of lead in drinking water fixtures in the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) campus, a cross-campus water testing network and sampling plan was developed and deployed. The campaign was based on the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) 3Ts (Training, Testing, and Taking Action) guidance. The seven-month campaign involved 5954 tests on 3825 drinking water fixtures across 265 buildings. A total of 502 (8.43%) tests showed lead above the limit of detection (1 part per billion, ppb), which represented 422 (11.03%) fixtures. Fewer than 1.5% of the tests were above the EPA action level for public water systems (15 ppb). In conclusion, systematic testing of all the fixtures across campus was required to identify localized contamination, and each entity in the cross-campus network undertook necessary roles to generate a successful testing campaign. UNC-CH established preventative measures to test drinking water fixtures every three years, which provide a framework for other higher education institutions in responding to lead contamination.

Pengaruh Brand Image, Mutu Produk dan Persepsi Harga terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Merchandise Miniso Ambarrukmo Plaza Mall Yogyakarta

Miniso presents a variety of middle class products at economical selling prices so that they are very popular with many people, especially millennials. The aim of this research is to evaluate the variables listed in the observations. Researchers analyze using quantitative methods. The information collection strategy is in the form of a general description and survey with a questionnaire as a paraga. The sample in this research consisted of 100 purchasing clients at Miniso Ambarrukmo Plaza Mall Yogyakarta, using a purposive sampling testing strategy and the IBM SPSS 25th edition statistical program. As shown by the research results, brand image, product quality and price perceptions influence purchasing choices.

Factors Influencing the Decision-Making Process for Undergoing Invasive Prenatal Testing.

Invasive prenatal testing, amniocentesis, and chorionic villus sampling offer insights into fetal genetic integrity and health, but carry inevitable minor risks of miscarriage and infection, thus complicating the decision-making process for parents. Previous research has revealed several factors that influence the decision to undergo invasive prenatal testing, including demographic, clinical, and psychological aspects, and attitudes towards testing. Informed choice, involving understanding options and aligning them with personal values, is crucial, with healthcare providers playing a key role in offering unbiased information. This systematic review aims to gather and synthesize literature data on the above factors to draw conclusions to aid antenatal care providers in supporting couples to make more informed decisions about their prenatal care. A systematic search was performed in PubMed and PsycInfo databases using the appropriate keywords and an in-depth evaluation of the studies retrieved followed. Finally, 17 articles were eligible for our review investigating the decision-making process of invasive prenatal testing. Factors like maternal age, education, and ethnicity are pivotal during the decision-making process. Clinical characteristics also influence decisions and women with pregnancies categorized as high-risk or those who have undergone fertility treatment display a preference for invasive testing. There seems to be a direct correlation between a woman's willingness to consider pregnancy termination, deeply rooted in psychological and moral stances, and the inclination to undergo invasive testing. In the patient decision-making process, the provision and depth of knowledge are of paramount importance. A comprehensive understanding facilitates more informed decisions. Finally, attitudes towards termination of pregnancy, as another factor influencing the decision-making process, reveal a nuanced landscape where personal beliefs, religious considerations, legal restrictions, and perspectives on disability converge. Within this complex context, religion emerges as an important determinant, shaping individuals' views on the morality of abortion. This review sheds light on the most important factors influencing the couples' consent for invasive prenatal testing. Healthcare professionals must identify which factors are critical in every specific case among several sociodemographic, clinical, emotional, and religious factors. Thus, they will be able to provide balanced and comprehensive information to help couples under this stressful procedure. We advocate for a patient-centered multidisciplinary approach while navigating couples through the intricate landscape of decision-making concerning invasive prenatal testing.

Characteristics of mothers at risk for perinatal depression in industrial areas

Expectant mothers susceptible to emotional shifts during pregnancy, such as depression, underwent a perinatal phase. Within the first year after giving birth, 10-15% of women experienced specific depressive symptoms. This situation could harm the mother-child relationship. The purpose of this study was to characterize the traits of mothers who might have experienced prenatal depression at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital. Purposive sampling and Spearman's rank test analytics were applied to pregnant women between 20 weeks gestation and one month postpartum. Pregnant women with a history of acute medical problems and mental or psychological disorders were excluded. Out of 47 respondents, 59.6% were at risk of perinatal depression. The characteristics studied included religion, ethnicity, maternal age, educational level, employment status, family income, number of children, mode of delivery, complications during delivery, and depression history. Maternal age (r=-0.314, p=0.032*), employment status (r=0.346, p=0.016*), parity (r=-0.410, p=0.004*), and most recent delivery (r=-0.329, p=0.024*) showed significant correlations with the likelihood of perinatal depression. Maternal age, parity, and mode of delivery had negative correlations, while employment status had a positive correlation. The results of this study can be used as screening tools to identify mothers at risk of perinatal depression. Additionally, it proposes a prenatal and delivery counseling intervention program for both expectant mothers and unemployed women.

In-situ and laboratory characterisation of stiff and dense geomaterials for driven pile analysis and design

Integrated field and laboratory characterisation of geomaterial behaviour is critical to foundation analysis and design for a wide range of offshore and onshore infrastructure. Challenges include the need for high-quality sampling, addressing natural and induced micro-to-macro structures, and applying soil and stress states that represent both in-situ and in-service conditions. This paper draws on the Authors’ recent research with stiff glacial till, dense marine sand and low-to-medium density chalk, and focuses particularly on these geomaterials’ mechanical behaviour, from small strains to failure, their anisotropy and response to cyclic loading. It considers a range of in-situ techniques as well as highly instrumented monotonic and cyclic stress-path triaxial experiments and hollow cylinder apparatus tests. The outcomes are shown to have important implications for the analysis of large driven piles under monotonic-and-cyclic, axial-and-lateral loading, and the development of practical design methods. Also highlighted are the needs for approaches that integrate field observations, advanced sampling and laboratory testing, numerical and theoretical modelling.

An Automated Approach to the Heterogeneity Test for Sampling Protocol Optimization

The fundamental sampling error is one of the sampling errors defined by Pierre Gy’s Theory of Sampling and is related to the constitution heterogeneity of the mineralisation. Even if a sampling procedure is considered ideal or perfect, this error will still exist and, therefore, cannot be eliminated. A key input into Gy’s fundamental sampling error equation is intrinsic heterogeneity. The intrinsic heterogeneity of a fragmented lot can be estimated by the “calibrated” formula of Gy, which can be written as a function of the sampling constants K and α. These constants can be calibrated by the standard heterogeneity test, originally developed by Pierre Gy and Francis Pitard. This method is based on the selection of rock fragments, individually and randomly, in an equiprobabilistic way from a lot of particulate material, aiming to estimate the intrinsic heterogeneity of the lot. This test, in addition to demanding time and space, can be influenced by human biases, and is difficult to quantify or measure. Aiming to simplify the test execution and eliminate the variance generated by human biases, a prototype called the intrinsic heterogeneity tester was developed as an automated alternative for heterogeneity testing. This prototype selects fragments from a falling stream, one by one, by means of a predefined laser count. To evaluate the prototype, a study was carried out, using painted chickpeas to simulate mineralisation grades and, sequentially, processing the same lot in the intrinsic heterogeneity tester prototype several times. The statistical and mineral content analysis, and comparisons between the intrinsic heterogeneity tester and the standard heterogeneity test sampling constants and constitution heterogeneities were undertaken. As a result, the authors conclude that the intrinsic heterogeneity tester prototype can be used as an alternative to the manual selection of individual fragments and for estimating the intrinsic heterogeneity of particulate material lots to support sampling protocol optimization.

Mitigation of tunnel support design risks for hydropower projects within high tectonic stress regimes – an empirical analysis

Abstract The study for the design of tunnels in similar geological settings, providing insights into potential challenges that may arise during excavation and offering strategies for mitigating risks in District Kalam on the Ushu River, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The methodology involved geological mapping, rock sampling, discontinuity surveys, and laboratory testing for empirical analysis of tunnel parameters at the Weir House, Powerhouse, and tunnel alignment locations. Empirical analysis of tunnel parameters using three rock classification systems, rock mass rating (RMR), rock quality tunneling index, and rock mass index (RMi). Based on the classification, the rock quality was found to be fair, indicating favorable rock properties. The Q-system rated the rock as poor to fair, suggesting low discontinuity intensity, medium rock strength, or medium deformation modulus. According to the RMi, rock was rated as medium to strong, indicating low discontinuity intensity, high rock strength, or low deformability. The support design for the tunnel is based on empirical analysis, it recommends support design for the tunnel reinforcement elements such as rock bolts, wire mesh, and shotcrete lining. Overall, the tunnel is stable and does not have complex structure and weak zones.

Assessment of compaction quality of highway subgrade via roller-integrated positive maximum velocity detection technique

ABSTRACT Quality control of compaction is vital for the long-term performance of highways. Specifically, the assessment of subgrade compaction quality is a key factor. Currently, compaction quality is primarily controlled by parameters set during compaction and subsequent random sampling tests post-construction. However, the impact of human factors and limitations of these sampling tests fall short of meeting the standards of large-scale precision construction. This study introduces a real-time monitoring index to characterise the compaction quality of silt subgrades: the maximum velocity compaction value (MVCV). This index is derived using a combination of the roller-integrated positive maximum velocity detection system and real-time kinematic Beidou positioning system (RTK-BDS). Furthermore, the Green spline interpolation method allows for estimating compaction quality values at any point. A case study from the Hengyong Highway project in China reveals a strong linear relationship between compaction parameters and compactness. This suggests the suitability of this method for characterising the compaction quality of such silt. This assessment approach facilitates a detailed evaluation of compaction quality across the entire construction zone. Hence, it aids in effectively minimising compaction defects, reducing unnecessary rework, and enhancing the overall compaction quality and efficiency of highway construction.

Factors Associated with Fatigue in COVID-19 ICU Survivors.

Approximately 30% of people infected with COVID-19 require hospitalization, and 20% of them are admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Most of these patients experience symptoms of fatigue weeks post-ICU, so understanding the factors associated with fatigue in this population is crucial. Fifty-nine patients (38-78 yr) hospitalized in ICU for COVID-19 infection for 32 (6-80) d, including 23 (3-57) d of mechanical ventilation, visited the laboratory on two separate occasions. The first visit occurred 52 ± 15 d after discharge and was dedicated to questionnaires, blood sampling, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing, whereas measurements of the knee extensors neuromuscular function and performance fatigability were performed in the second visit 7 ± 2 d later. Using the FACIT-F questionnaire, 56% of patients were classified as fatigued. Fatigued patients had worse lung function score than non-fatigued (i.e., 2.9 ± 0.8 L vs 3.6 ± 0.8 L; 2.4 ± 0.7 L vs 3.0 ± 0.7 L for forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, respectively), and forced vital capacity was identified as a predictor of being fatigued. Maximal voluntary activation was lower in fatigued patients than non-fatigued patients (82% ± 14% vs 91% ± 3%) and was the only neuromuscular variable that discriminated between fatigued and non-fatigued patients. Patient-reported outcomes also showed differences between fatigued and non-fatigued patients for sleep, physical activity, depression, and quality of life ( P < 0.05). COVID-19 survivors showed altered respiratory function 4 to 8 wk after discharge, which was further deteriorated in fatigued patients. Fatigue was also associated with lower voluntary activation and patient-reported impairments (i.e., sleep satisfaction, quality of life, or depressive state). The present study reinforces the importance of exercise intervention and rehabilitation to counteract cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular impairments of COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU, especially individuals experiencing fatigue.

Environmental Health Risk Analysis of Exposure To Cadmium in Local Water Company Tirta Anoa Water Communities in The Mandonga District Area, Kendari City

Introduction: Local Water Company in Kendari city has 4 sources, namely the Konaweha (Pohara) river, Wanggu river, Anggoeya river, Matabondu spring. The Konaweha River is one of the rivers that has a high potential for being polluted by nickel mining activities. Based on the results of research conducted by (Hasani, 2017), the Konaweha river is in the lightly polluted category. The presence of heavy metals in the environment causes accumulation in aquatic biota.&#x0D; Method: This research uses quantitative research in the form of a descriptive survey with a cross sectional research design. Analytically, data from variable measurements is analyzed using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis formula to determine health risks due to exposure to lead in community drinking water and risk management from cadmium pollution to public health.&#x0D; Result: Description of cadmium concentration in Local Water Company Tirta Anoa water, Mandonga subdistrict, Kendari city after sampling and laboratory testing at 3 points, namely the first point in Mandonga sub-district with a cadmium concentration of 0.002 mg/L, the second point in Korumba sub-district with a cadmium concentration of 0.001 mg/L , and at the third point in Anggilowu sub-district with a cadmium concentration of 0.002 mg/L.&#x0D; Conclusion: The conclusion in this journal The respondent's risk level based on the RQ calculation value is still &lt; 1, which means that people who receive water from Local Water Company Tirta Anoa, Kendari City in the Mandonga sub-district area have no risk of health problems now and in the next 30 years.

Evaluation of Post Tension Runway Plate as Retrofitting Simulated with Compression In-Plane Force in Numerical Approach

The swelling of soil can result from fluctuations in its moisture content, causing it to expand and contract. To mitigate this, structures in direct contact with the soil may require retrofitting. Post-tensioning is one such method that can enhance the stiffness of the structure without altering its properties, thereby helping to prevent damage from expansive soil. This research presents a novel methodology for the design of retrofitting runway pavements using post-tension plates, employing a numerical approach that considers various influencing factors. The methodology integrates the use of differential and Kerr foundation equations, employing the Levy method to ascertain the deflection of the plate structure. Soil parameters are derived from soil sampling and laboratory tests, while loads are determined based on prior research findings and governmental regulations. The findings of the study indicate that the thickness of the plate structure influences its deflection, as greater thickness results in increased stiffness within the structure. Increasing the thickness of the plate enhances stiffness and diminishes deflection. Regarding the direction of post-tensioning, employing tension in both directions proves most effective, resulting in a reduction of deflection by 22.11%. However, this model demands higher costs compared to others due to the increased requirement for tendon post-tensioning. As an alternative, aligning the direction of post-tensioning with the direction of load movement can lead to a reduction of 15.14% in plate deflection, while incurring lower costs compared to applying post-tensioning in both directions.

Multi-wavelength Fluorescence Monitoring of Faecal Contamination in Waters: A Laboratory-based Quantification

Near real-time monitoring of faecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in waters is currently not feasible, and current monitoring methods require field sampling and laboratory testing that inhibits decision-making within a relevant timeframe. While recent studies identified the potential of using specific fluorescence regions for FIB monitoring, sufficient accuracy often requires site-specific calibration due to minor variations in fluorescence peak locations. In this study, a series of lab experiments were completed to address some of the selectivity issues. Specifically, the study explored correlations between wavelength-specific fluorescence signals acquired through fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEM) and the amount of E. coli K-12 (E. coli) and E. faecalis (enterococci) in exponential and stationary phase broth cultures. Subsequently, the experiments quantified how the addition of known concentrations of L-tryptophan amplifies an indole pulse, specifically its concentration and the corresponding fluorescence properties. Results show unique peak excitation/emission (λex/λem) wavelengths (± 5 nm) in EEMs for E. coli cell pellet and in M9 broth (~ 280/ ~ 327 nm), enterococci cell pellet (~ 276/ ~ 324 nm), L-tryptophan (~ 278/ ~ 343 nm and ~ 298/ ~ 344 nm), and indole (~ 232/ ~ 321 nm). The findings demonstrate that L-tryptophan concentrations in E. coli broth were reduced. At the same time, the indole content increased throughout the initiation phase to the stationary phase of the bacteria growth curve, with the peak indole pulse occurring approximately at the time of transition from the exponential to stationary phase. Such unique fluorescence signatures for not only FIB but also indole (whose pulse can be triggered by L-tryptophan) provide foundations for developing reliable and near real-time in situ FIB sensors.

Efektivitas Senam Iringan Gamelan Terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Dengan Hipertensi

Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease that attacks many elderly people and increases the risk of death. The aging process causes elderly people to decrease their activity, resulting in the emergence of obesity, fat accumulation in blood vessels, and increased blood pressure. Data in the area supported by the Srondol Semarang Community Health Center in 2020 shows that hypertension is in first place on the list of the top 10 diseases there. One intervention that is safe and popular with the elderly and can help control blood pressure in the elderly is gamelan accompaniment exercise because it can increase blood flow and oxygen supply throughout the body, increase the elasticity of blood vessels and provide a relaxing effect. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of gamelan accompaniment to blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. This research method is a pre-experimental one group pre and post test design and sampling using purposive sampling technique. The population of this study were elderly people who were recorded as suffering from hypertension at the Srondol Semarang Community Health Center. The research instrument used a digital spygmomanometer and video of gamelan accompaniment of exercises. The research stages consist of preparation, implementation and processing of research data. The steps taken at the preparation stage were literature studies, field surveys, discussions with lecturers and experts, developing procedures for implementing gamelan accompaniment exercises, expert reviews, and socializing the implementation of gamelan accompaniment exercises to the elderly and their families. The implementation stage was carried out by collecting data on elderly people registered at the Srondol Semarang Community Health Center, pre and post tests by measuring blood pressure using a spigmomanometer, implementing gamelan accompaniment exercises in accordance with the prepared SOP, observing the implementation of gamelan accompaniment exercises with an observation sheet. Then, at the data processing stage, a test was carried out on the effectiveness of gamelan accompaniment exercises on the blood pressure of elderly people with hypertension. The targeted output is publication in national journals indexed by Sinta and HAKI. The TKT target for implementing this gamelan accompaniment exercise is at level 2. The results of the study show a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p value 0.0001) with an error level (α) of 0.05, namely from 163.25 mmHg to 146.75 mmHg and from 100 .50 mmHg to 89.25 mmHg. Gamelan accompaniment exercises were concluded to be effective in lowering blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension

Effects Of A Combination Of Microscopic Handgrip And Nature's Voice On A Client's Blood Pressure With Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is the number one cause of death in the world every year because it causes complex cardiovascular problems. Semarang City Department's 2023 health profile data shows the number of hypertension is 24,949. Practicing holding a handgrip is a non-pharmacological therapy for treating hypertension because it stabilizes blood pressure and heart rate. Many combination therapies are used, including combining handgrip exercises with sound waves. Natural sounds will stimulate the hypothalamus, resulting in a feeling of calm and have an effect on the blood pressure regulation mechanism. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds on the blood pressure of clients with hypertension. This research method is a pre-experimental one group pre and post test design and sampling using purposive sampling technique. The population of this study were clients who were recorded as suffering from hypertension at the Sekaran Semarang Community Health Center. The research instrument uses a digital spygmomanometer and SOP for action. The research stages consist of preparation, implementation and processing of research data. The steps in the preparation stage are literature study, field survey, discussions with lecturers and experts, developing procedures for the combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds, expert review, and socialization of the combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds to clients and families. The implementation stage is carried out by collecting data on clients registered at the Sekaran Semarang Community Health Center, pre and post tests by measuring blood pressure using a spygmomanometer, implementing actions according to the prepared SOP, observing implementation using an observation sheet. In the data processing stage, a Paired Sample T-test was carried out to assess the effect of the combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds on the blood pressure of clients with hypertension. The targeted output is publication in national journals indexed by Sinta and HAKI. The TKT target for this combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds is level 2. The research results showed that 91.67% of respondents experienced an average reduction in systolic blood pressure of 10.69 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 6.11 mmHg. Based on the Paired Sample T-test, the results obtained were 0.000 for the systolic value and 0.001 for the diastolic value, both of which were smaller than the p value of 0.05, so it was concluded that there was an influence of the combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds on the blood pressure of clients with hypertension. The results of this research can be input for related parties to implement a combination of handgrip exercise and natural sounds as non-pharmacological therapy for hypertension sufferers.

Методика прогнозирования зон скопления сероводорода в сильвинитовых пластах калийных рудников и экспресс-определения газоносности пород по сероводороду

Intensification of potash salt mining, widespread use of high-performance continuous miners, involvement of gasbearing formations in mining are accompanied by release of natural poisonous gases into the atmosphere of mine workings, which explains the need to ensure safe working conditions for the miners. The article presents the researche results that helped to develop a methodology for predicting accumulation zones of one of the most hazardous poisonous gases, i.e. hydrogen sulfide. A correlation was established between the hydrogen sulfide concentration, presence of organic substances and the content of magnesium chloride in the rocks. The article describes methods to determine the accumulation areas of hazardous sulfurcontaining gases based on the trench sampling and laboratory test data, which makes it possible to take timely protective measures to ensure safety of the miners. The developed method is based on creation of the correlation fields for various geochemical attributes such as the NaCl, KCl, MgCl2 content and others. A close correlation between the content of organic carbon in the rocks and magnesium chloride indicates the degree of salt recrystallization, as evidenced by an increase in the hydrogen sulfide content. In addition, the article describes an express method to determine the gas content in rocks, which enables a quick and accurate assessment of hydrogen sulfide concentration directly in the mine workings, thus providing the possibility of prompt response to the hazards. Thus, the methodology proposed by the authors serves not only to identify the potentially hazardous areas, but also to prevent dangerous situations associated with the release of poisonous gases in potash mines. The research and practical approaches described in the article as well as the developed recommendations contribute to enhancing the efficiency of mine ventilation, which in turn leads to minimization of the risks to health and life of the miners.

Multilevel Intervention Program Goes to School Camba’ Rokok for School Based Smoking Prevention

Background: The earlier age people start smoking will have the potential to become long-term smokers. One way that can be done to overcome this problem is through program intervention such as a promotive preventive program that is focused on addressing the problem of smoking is urgently needed. In the City of Palopoin 2017 smokers of elementary school children reached 15.27%, people who broke the rules by smoking in schools reached 44.27% and 36.64% of students had been exposed to outdoor cigarette advertisements. Aims: This study aims to assess the program Goes to school camba' rokok in multilevel interventions at the student and school level to increase self-efficacy and skills in school-based smoking prevention. Methods: The population in this study was state junior high school and senior high school in Palopo city. This research is a quasi-experimental study, with a Solomon four-group design. The samples in this study were 131 students who were randomly determined at SMAN 2 Palopo, SMAN 4 Palopo, SMPN 5 Palopo, and SMPN 8 Palopo using simple cluster random sampling tests. Data analysis using STATA for statistical analysis using statistical tests with Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis at the significance level p-value &lt;0.05. Results: Posttest scores in the four groups, there was a significant difference in the effect of program interventions going to school camba' rokok on self-efficacy with a p-value of 0.0001, skills with a p-value of 0.0012. Conclusion: There is an increase in students 'self-efficacy and skills through a multilevel intervention program going to school camba' rokok in Palopo City.

Improving diagnostic yield of pancreatic serous cystadenoma with cyst fluid ancillary testing, adjunct immunohistochemistry, and additional fine-needle biopsy sampling.

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis of pancreatic serous cystadenoma (SCA) remains challenging. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the roles of cyst fluid ancillary testing and combined fine-needle biopsy (FNB) in improving the diagnostic yield. The authors retrospectively reviewed cytology cases that were histologically confirmed SCAs. Clinical features and FNA cyst fluid biochemical and molecular analysis results along FNB findings were reviewed. The study cohort included 31 cases from 13 male and 18 female patients with a mean age of 65. The original cytologic diagnoses were nondiagnostic (n=6, 19%), negative for malignant cells/cyst contents (n=7, 23%), atypical cells (n=3, 10%), nonmucinous cyst (n=11, 35%), and serous cystadenoma (n=4, 13%). Cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) analysis was performed in 17 cases, all of which showed a low CEA level (<192 ng/mL). All 14 cases with molecular testing showed a wild-type KRAS. Inhibin immunohistochemistry was retrospectively performed on the FNA cell blocks, inhibin was positive in six of seven cases tested. In 15 cases with concurrent FNA and FNB biopsies, the diagnosis of SCA was seen in only one FNA case (7%) but 13 FNB cases (87%). This study suggests that FNA diagnosis of SCA remains challenging even with ancillary testing including cyst fluid CEA level and KRAS mutation analysis. Adjunct inhibin immunostaining may help improve the cytologic diagnosis of selective SCA cases. FNB appears superior to FNA for a definite diagnosis of SCA.

Height, Push-Off Angle, Explosive Power: Do they Correlate with Volleyball Athlete Jumping Performance?

Background and Study Aim: Jump performance is the main asset in attacking volleyball. Jump performance is influenced by various factors that affect this indicator, such as body balance, upper and lower body coordination, as well as explosive power. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between height, push-off angle, explosive power, and jumping performance in volleyball student athletes. Material and Methods: The method used was a correlational, 7 male volleyball student athletes as samples (age = 21.00 ± 1.732 years, height = 167.86 ± 1.864 cm). Sampling technique used is purposive sampling, Shapiro-Wilk and Levene's test to determine normality and homogeneity. Data calculations were processed using the help of IBM SPSS version 26.0., with decision making p &lt; 0.05. Results: Variable Push-Off Angle and Explosive Power show significant results (p &lt; 0.05). The Pearson correlation value for Push-Off Angle is -0.781, while the correlation value for Explosive Power is 0.908. Conversely, the variable Height does not show significant results (p &gt; 0.05), with a Pearson Correlation value of -0.334. The findings indicate that the aspect of Explosive Power provides a significant contribution with a positive relationship. This is followed by the aspect of Push-Off Angle, but the results show that this aspect provides a moderate contribution with a negative relationship. Additionally, the aspect of Height shows a negative relationship and a low contribution value. Conclusions: The Study’s findings conclude that Push-Off Angle and Explosive Power have a significant correlation and play a crucial role in enhancing Jump Performance. However, Body Height does not exhibit a significant correlation with Jump Performance. These findings also conclude that the aspect that plays a crucial role in jump performance is explosive power.

Effects of physical health beliefs on college students’ physical exercise behavior intention: mediating effects of exercise imagery

ObjectiveThis study explores the relationship between physical health beliefs and physical exercise behavior intention of college students and constructs a mediation model through the mediation role of exercise imagery.MethodsUsing the stratified cluster sampling method, 1356 college students were measured in group psychology by using the Physical Health Beliefs Scale, Exercise Imagery Inventory, and Physical Exercise Behavior Intention Scale. The statistical software Mplus 8.1, SPSS 22.0 and SPSS PROCESS 3.3 were used for statistical processing. The common method deviation test was carried out by Harman single-factor control method. Finally, the bootstrap sampling test method and process plug-in were used to test the significance of intermediary effect.Results(1) physical health beliefs have a significant predictive effect on physical exercise behavior intention (β = 0.32, p < 0.001); (2) exercise imagery (β = 0.13, p < 0.001) mediate the relationship between physical health beliefs and physical exercise behavior intention (physical health beliefs → exercise imagery → physical exercise behavior intention (95% Cl: 0.14, 0.32)).Conclusionphysical health beliefs can directly improve the physical exercise behavior intention of college students, which can also affect college students’ physical exercise behavior intention indirectly through exercise imagery. The findings suggest that exercise imagery are important variables that mediate the effect of the college students’ physical health beliefs on their physical exercise behavior intention.