Test For Serodiagnosis Research Articles

Hemagglutination Tests and Related Advances in Serodiagnosis of Syphilis

Preliminary studies indicate that hemagglutination tests for<i>Treponema pallidum</i>antibodies compare favorably with the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test for serodiagnosis of syphilis. Hemagglutination tests appear to be as sensitive as the FTA-ABS test in all phases of syphilis except primary syphilis and they are probably more sensitive in treated syphilis. These tests possess a high degree of specificity but as with the FTA-ABS test, they give falsepositive results in a small percentage of cases. Hemagglutination tests are much easier to perform and are more economical than other available treponemal tests. Several laboratories are now considering use of hemagglutination tests for routine confirmation and screening of syphilis.

Indirect Hemagglutinating Antibody Response to Herpesvirus hominis Types 1 and 2 in Immunized Laboratory Animals and in Natural Infections of Man

Indirect hemagglutinating (IHA) antibody responses to Herpesvirus hominis types 1 and 2 (HVH-1 and HVH-2) were compared to complement-fixing and neutralizing antibody responses in immunized laboratory animals (rabbits, guinea pigs, and hamsters) and in natural infections of man. With the immunized animals, type specificity was seen only in the IHA test and only with antisera produced in hamsters and in the rabbits immunized with HVH-2. In human nongenital infections (considered to be caused predominately by HVH-1), IHA and neutralizing antibodies developed at about the same rate and reached approximately the same levels for HVH-1 and HVH-2. IHA titers tended to be higher than neutralizing antibody titers for both virus types. In genital infections (considered to be caused predominately by HVH-2), there was a rapid IHA antibody response to HVH-2, and the early HVH-2 antibody demonstrable by IHA, but not by neutralization tests, was found to be immunoglobulin M in nature. In genital infections, IHA titers for HVH-2 were markedly higher than neutralization titers, but there was no pronounced difference in neutralizing the IHA antibody titers for HVH-1. Several patients with genital infections fialed to develop IHA antibody for HVH-1. The IHA test possessed no greater sensitivity than did complement fixation or neutralization tests for serodiagnosis of HVH infections. Despite the fact that a number of patients with genital infections produced IHA antibody only for HVH-2, the test was no more effective than the neutralization test in providing a type-specific serodiagnosis of infection, due largely to the fact that the rapid IHA antibody response to HVH-2 prevented demonstration of a further, significant antibody titer increase in a number of cases.

Studies on indirect hemagglutination test for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis

Studies on indirect hemagglutination test for serodiagnosis of leptospirosis

リケツチア及びウイールス性疾患の特異血清診断法特に増強剤添加抗元による凝集反応に就て

Upto now we have relied mainly upon the complement fixation test and the neutralizing test for serodiagnosis of rickettsial and viral diseases. And the comparatively easy agglutination test has not been used.Therefore, in search for a simpler method of serodiagnosis with a wide practical and clinical application, we have conducted experiments on a agglutination test in which the antigen is absorbed in a mixed stable emulsion or suspension of nonspecific substances.As the antigens, typhus and smallpox vaccine and a emulsion prepared from mice brains infected with Japanese B and St. Louis encephalitis virus; and as the nonspecific substance, starch, kaolin, collodium, several kinds of oil, milk, burgundy pitch and Serratia marcescens were used.As a result, we have recognised the worthiness of kaolin, oil, milk and burgandy pitch suspended antigen in agglutination tests for typhus and smallpox. Howeverr we have not yet succeeded in the agglutination test for encephalitis.