Tertiary Canals Research Articles

Evaluation of Important Hydraulic Characteristics of Tertiary Canals in Sindh, Pakistan

Evaluation of Important Hydraulic Characteristics of Tertiary Canals in Sindh, Pakistan

Optimization of Irrigation Programming for Different Water Allocation Strategies at Network Level: Method and Application

Optimum irrigation programming at network level is important not only for maximum yield and benefit from the system but also for sustainable use of constrained resources. The subject of this investigation is to devise a method which enables optimum water allocation in irrigation networks, to apply it to a real system, and to analyze the results. In the first step, the irrigation district was divided into the most suitable water allocation zones considering the hydraulic properties of the canals. Next, alternative system rotation periods were defined in accordance with the properties of the research area, the hydraulic infrastructure of the irrigation network and the crop pattern. In this process, the model was run for five different water allocation strategies. The model was applied to the command area of Sarıkız Irrigation Association in the Ahmetli Regulator Right Bank Irrigation System in the Gediz Basin. Therefore, irrigation programs were prepared for the crop pattern, which receives water from 45 tertiary canals of the Y9 secondary. The irrigation time allocated to each tertiary canal and the amount of irrigation water were evaluated, together with the water shortage levels which occurred in these tertiary canals. The results indicated that the model defined the optimum system rotation period, the borders and the sizes of the most suitable water allocation zones, and the most suitable irrigation programs under the prevailing conditions. The proposed model can provide an insight for decision makers as a decision support tool.

Eksistensi Lahan Pasang Surut Untuk Pertanian Di Desa Mulya Sari Kabupaten Banyuasin

Tidal land is land that is in a zone where it is still influenced by sea tides. This land is marginal and can still be developed while maintaining water availability and pyrite oxidation. In Sumatra, Kalimantan and Irian Jaya, tidal land has been opened through the transmigration program. This land was opened as agricultural land to meet the food needs of the community. One of the efforts in managing tidal land is water management. This research aims to determine the existence of tidal land as agricultural land in Mulya Sari village. The method used is field observation, data collection through direct interviews and related literature, and descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that for the existence of tidal land, the community in Mulya Sari village optimizes the channels built by orders and also those created by the community itself. The water conditioning in each plot of land and tertiary canals is maintained by the optimal operation of the automatic water gates. In addition, the water level must be above the ground water level to prevent oxidation of the pyrite layer. Under these conditions, the tidal land in Mulya Sari village continues to exist as agricultural land.
 
 Tidal land is land that is in a zone where it is still influenced by sea tides. This land is marginal and can still be developed while maintaining water availability and pyrite oxidation. In Sumatra, Kalimantan and Irian Jaya, tidal land has been opened through the transmigration program. This land was opened as agricultural land to meet the food needs of the community. One of the efforts in managing tidal land is water management. This research aims to determine the existence of tidal land as agricultural land in Mulya Sari village. The method used is field observation, data collection through direct interviews and related literature, and descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that for the existence of tidal land, the community in Mulya Sari village optimizes the channels built by orders and also those created by the community itself. The water conditioning in each plot of land and tertiary canals is maintained by the optimal operation of the automatic water gates. In addition, the water level must be above the ground water level to prevent oxidation of the pyrite layer. Under these conditions, the tidal land in Mulya Sari village continues to exist as agricultural land.

Efficiency conduction in irrigation systems of rice companies

The determination of the conduction efficiency in the production units of rice-producing companies is a working tool for technicians and officials involved in the operation of irrigation systems, as it provides greater precision for the implementation of water demands and control of the water used, and accurate information on the technical condition of the canals, which is the basis for the programming of maintenance and repairs. In order to determine the behaviour of the conduction efficiency of a rice irrigation system under production conditions and compare the results with the indicators traditionally used, a study was carried out on the irrigation system supplied by the P-4 canal of the Unidad Básica de Producción Cooperativa (UBPC) Sur de Jíbaro, belonging to the company of the same name in the province of Sancti Spiritus. The hydro-technical works located at the regulation points, which had been previously calibrated, and the section and velocity method in cases where these works were not available, were used to determine the flow rate. The results indicate a general conduction efficiency of the system of 42%, a value that differs considerably from that reflected in the documents governing this activity, with the greatest losses in the tertiary canals in which 57% efficiency was obtained.

Design of Irrigation Channel Network Connectivity and Tertiary Channels in Menten Village, Rambutan District South Sumatra to Optimize Agricultural Land

South Sumatra Province is a province that is flowed by many rivers, including the Musi River, the longest river on the island of Sumatra. The condition of inadequate irrigation infrastructure means that farmers in Menten Village can only plant one crop per year. This study aimed to determine the irrigation water needs of tertiary canals and design the dimensions of connectivity and tertiary channels. Repairing the irrigation network in the village is planned to increase the productivity of agricultural land to two plantings in one year with a cropping pattern of rice and crops. This research was conducted following the following stages Calculation of Irrigation Water Needs, Calculation of Surface Runoff Discharge, Calculation of Channels Design Discharge, Calculation and determination of the dimensions of Connectivity and Tertiary Irrigation Channels. The study results obtained a Need Field Requirement (NFR) value of 1.572 l/s/ha with a maximum irrigation water requirement of 2.418 l/s.ha. To increase menten agricultural yields, a planting pattern of 2 times is planned. The planned channel is an open trapezoidal channel that functions as a carrier channel and a discharge channel namely rice and crops. There are three connectivity irrigation channels. While there are 25 tertiary irrigation canals. The results of this research can be used reference to improve irrigation systems that are still not optimal.

Seepage and Groundwater Numerical Modelling for Managing Waterlogging in the Vicinity of the Trimmu–Sidhnai Link Canal

The present study focused on the development and application of two computer numerical models, namely, a seepage model developed using SEEP/W software and a groundwater model developed using Visual MODFLOW software. The seepage model was applied to a 38 km length of the tail reach of the Trimmu–Sidhnai (T-S) link canal passing through a severely waterlogged area of 32,000 ha, with a water table within 0–1.5 m from the ground surface; this was to quantify the canal seepage under the present condition (without any intervention) and with the interventions of a concrete lining of the complete prism of the T-S link canal and concrete side protection of the T-S link canal, with the canal bed unlined. The groundwater model evaluated the effectiveness of three waterlogging management interventions, which included: (i) the rehabilitation of the 43 existing drainage tube wells, (ii) the rehabilitation of the existing surface drains, and (iii) a combination of the rehabilitation of the 43 existing drainage tube wells and the rehabilitation of the existing surface drains. The seepage modeling revealed that the concrete lining intervention can reduce 50% of the seepage of the T-S link canal, whereas the concrete side protection intervention can reduce only 21% of the canal seepage. The groundwater modeling revealed that the waterlogging management intervention of the rehabilitation of the 43 drainage tube wells and surface drains can lower the groundwater level from 139.2 to 138.3 m (0.9 m drop), resulting in the mitigation of waterlogging in 45% (14,400 ha) of the severely waterlogged area. The present study recommends that complete concrete lining of the T-S link canal has a huge potential to reduce seepage from the canal, and the combination of the rehabilitation of the 43 drainage tube wells and surface drains also offers a great potential for controlling waterlogging. This intervention can also be considered to mitigate waterlogging from the severely waterlogged area. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the concrete lining of the T-S link canal, the rehabilitation of the 43 existing drainage tube wells, and the rehabilitation of the existing surface drains need to be performed for decision-making and selection of the most cost-effective intervention for implementation. A study needs to be conducted for the development and evaluation of economical and socio-technically feasible and acceptable preventive waterlogging management interventions, including the improved management of irrigation systems, improved irrigation management practices at the farm, improved conjunctive management of surface and groundwater, and improved management of drainage systems at the primary, secondary, and tertiary canal command levels.

Optimal water distribution model of canals considering the workload of managers

AbstractThe optimal operation of water distribution systems is an important research area for the modernization of irrigation schemes. In this paper, an improved 0–1 programming model is developed. This model has three objectives: minimum time of water distribution, minimum spacing of tertiary canals in a group, and the minimum difference of water distribution duration among tertiary canals in the group. The study results show that with the conventional model, 0–1 programming model and improved 0–1 programming model, the durations for the three models are 159.09, 140.50 and 141.07 h, respectively. The working distances are 44.8, 185.5 and 60.6 km. Compared with the conventional model, the lower canals of the improved 0–1 model are all large flow rate operations, while the conventional model inevitably has small flow rate operations, and the improved 0–1 model greatly reduces the duration of water distribution. Compared with the 0–1 model, the improved 0–1 model divides the adjacent canals into a group as much as possible, and the canals between groups start and end operations at the same time as much as possible, so the improved 0–1 model shortens the working distance of the staff and makes it easy for canal managers to operate canals.

Operation and maintenance of irrigation sluice gates in tertiary canals

Kasemen District, Serang City, was one of the irrigation areas that experienced drought and became the focus of this community service. The lack of irrigation water is one of many factors that cause agricultural land in Kasemen District to switch functions. With the existence of several PKM activities such as field surveys, socialization, counseling on the operation and maintenance of irrigation sluice gates, it aims to increase community knowledge in the operation and maintenance of irrigation sluice gates. This activity encourages residents to be more concerned about river sustainability so that Cibomo Village's water needs can be met. The irrigation sluice gates are maintained as a result of this activity, and the Karya Tani Group's understanding of sluice gate operations and maintenance improves. Local residents are expected to become more concerned about the irrigation area environment as a result of the Karya Tani Group's increased understanding, particularly regarding the pattern of operation and maintenance of sluice gates.

PENGARUH LAPISAN BETON SALURAN IRIGASI TERHADAP KEHILANGAN AIR (STUDI KASUS : DAERAH IRIGASI MENCONGAH)

Provision of water is very important to support optimal crop yields. However, in some areas there is a problem with not meeting the needs of the rice fields with the available discharge, this is due to several reasons, one of which is the loss of water along the channel during the journey to the rice fields. This study did not review and analyze sedimentation, this study only covered irrigation areas in the primary, secondary and tertiary canals of the Mencongah irrigation area, the type of layer was only limited to soil and concrete.From the results of the study, it was found that the efficiency difference in the channel that had been given a layer of concrete with the channel that had not been coated with concrete, which was obtained for the primary channel of 99 % efficiency, 97% of the secondary channel, while the layer which had not been coated with concrete was the tertiary channel of 87% efficiency.

Identification of quality of irrigation water Danda Besar Swamp Irrigation Area in Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Danda Besar Swamp Irrigation Area (SIA) is located in Danda Jaya Village in Rantau Badauh District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. It is one of tidal swamp reclamation where tidal fluctuation of Barito River affects to the hydrological condition. Danda Besar SIA has potential agricultural land about 2, 200 ha, and the productivity of paddy field was only 2 ton/ha in average for each time planting year. Two ton/ha is too low productivity due to problem of water quality in irrigation canal. However, fundamental information for the management of water quality of irrigation, monitoring data of water quality, is not measured yet. This fundamental research was conducted to identify and analyze condition of irrigation water quality. The field survey was carried out in dry months, May and June 2021 at primary canal, secondary canal, tertiary canal and pond. The final result for 6 parameters of the 4 locations (primary canal, secondary canal, tertiary canal and pond) showed there were 3 parameters (TDS, DO, and Sulfate (SO4 2-)) fulfill the class II standard, meanwhile there were 3 parameters (pH, Iron (Fe) and BOD) not fulfill the class II standard according to Government Regulation No. 22 year 2021 regarding Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. The high content of Iron (Fe) and low content of pH recorded in all water sources should be addressed with urgency since this phenomenon as a result of pyrite oxidation affect to pH condition and may cause the low productivity of paddy field.

Study of Adequacy of Drainage Channels in Suburban Residential Areas(A Case Study of Residential Wirolegi Regency 2 Jember City, of Indonesia)

Wirolegi Regency 2 Housing is located on the outskirts of the city which is located in Pakusari District, Jember Regency, when there is quite heavy rain, puddles of water often occur, this is caused by environmental damage. The impact of environmental damage can be of various kinds, one of which is due to climate change. In the dry season, it can have an impact on drought and in the rainy season, it can have an impact on flooding. When there is high rainfall, it has the potential to cause flooding in the residential area. Another factor is the condition of the existing drainage channels which are inadequate and affect the occurrence of flooding in the housing area. On the basis of the above, it is necessary to conduct a research entitled "Study on Adequacy of Drainage Channels in Suburban Residential Areas". From the results of the study, it was concluded that the watershed in the residential area of ​​Wirolegi Regency II Jember has a watershed area of ​​148.75 km2. The value of rainfall intensity at the 5-year return period is 9.02 mm/hour, the design flood discharge value is 12131.7 m3/second, the runoff discharge value is 1473.8 m3/second, the total discharge is 157.280 m3/sec, dirty water discharge is 7.058 m3/second, total capacity discharge is 84.7 m3/second. For the drainage network, there are primary, secondary, and tertiary canals, totaling 3 outlets where all outlets lead to rivers. For channels that are not able to accommodate discharge, namely channels F, G, H, I, J, K, L, and M channels. For channels that require repairs, the dimensions of the channel are changed from 0.8 meters to 1 meter. It is recommended for each housing estate to pay attention to the discharge flowing in each channel by using a calculation formula that is in accordance with the conditions and criteria requirements of the formula and method used.

STUDY OF WATER PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGY QUALITY IN SWAMP WATER HIGH TIDE CONDITIONS IN BANYUASIN REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATERA

This study was conducted in tidal lowland at Banyu Urip Village, Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Region, South Sumatera. Samples were collected two times. The water sample was collected during high tide in primary, secondary, and tertiary canals. The result showed the seasonal variation of physical and chemical water parameters such as temperature 27 – 30 ºC, pH 3 – 5, DO 3.7 – 4.5 mg/l, phosphate 0.01 – 0.02 mg/l, TSS 108 – 232 mg/l, and EC 11 – 107 µmhos/cm. This study also identified 10 classes and 10 genera of phytoplankton. It has potential as a natural food source. The result revealed that physical and chemical water quality parameters were still suitable for aquaculture based on Government regulation of Republic Indonesia number 82 year 2001 about water criteria class III for fisheries. Meanwhile, the great challenge of tidal lowland for fishery management is low pH. Therefore, pre-treatment to increase pH before fish rearing is required.

Conveyance Efficiency and Maintenance Performance Evaluation of Canals at Serenta Irrigation Scheme, Northern Ethiopia

Evaluation of conveyance efficiency and maintenance performance of canals in irrigation schemes is very important to improve the productivity of the irrigation scheme as whole. Thus, results help to improve the canals problem and the water loss. However, canals conveyance efficiency of Serenta irrigation scheme is not yet evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the canals conveyance efficiency and maintenance performance of the Serenta Irrigation Scheme. To evaluate the canals conveyance efficiency, canals flow were measured using Parshall flumes (for secondary and tertiary canals) and Floating method (for main canal). The results from the field measurement revealed that, the average conveyance efficiency of the main canal measured from five observations was 96.2%. The average discharge of this canal was 0.104m³/s at upper measuring point and 0.1m³/s at lower position. Thus, the amount of water lost was estimated to be 4 l/s or 0.0076 l/s/m. The source of loss was observed during the field visiting and measurement, which was due to seepage loss. From the 4 (four) secondary canals of the irrigation scheme, the average conveyance efficiency ranged from 75.86% to 91.9% with an overall mean efficiency of 86.3%. The lowest conveyance efficiency (75.86%) was observed in secondary canal 3 (SC-3). This reflected that the high amount of water loss, due to broken and cracked condition of the structure at this particular canal, which contributed for deep and off farm loss. And, the average conveyance efficiencies of the tertiary canals ranged from 63.5% to 91.3%, with the overall mean value of 76.6%. The low conveyance efficiency observed in tertiary canal 6 (TC-6), implied for high mount of loss, due to the weak earth work canal (small width), a lot of water was flowing over the canal. Unlike the main canal the secondary and tertiary canals were under performance. So to reduce water loss and improve the performance the irrigation scheme, the conveyance efficiency of the irrigation scheme should be improved through regular canal cleaning and maintenance of the broken structures by mobilizing farmers to participate on the activities.

Real-time irrigation scheduling for upland crop based on soil and climate characteristics of tidal lowland area in South Sumatera

The research aims to determine the water requirement of plants based on soil and climate characteristics in the lowland area of South Sumatra. The study was conducted at the Soil Physics Laboratory, Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. Soil samples were taken from lowland areas at Tidal Lowland Reclamation in Telang I Banyuasin. Field research was conducted from March to November 2019. Climatic data were differentiated into rainfall conditions below 2,500 mm/year and more than 2,500 mm/year. The BUDGET model was used for simulations to determine real-time irrigation scheduling. The indicator crop is tomatoes, with a scenario arranged at the dry season planting period. The results showed that in the condition of annual rainfall < 2,500 mm, farmers need more irrigation frequencies compared to rainfall > 2,500 mm. Irrigation is not required under normal climatic conditions. Farmers only need to maintain the groundwater table under 40 cm using gate operation in the tertiary canal. Rainfall was sufficient to fulfill crop evapotranspiration. However, the irrigation scheduling was done every week during the initial growing stage and every ten days in the vegetative up to generative stages in the dry climatic condition.

Management of the Water Slide Brought and Saline Flow in Irrigated Onion (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Allium cepa&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.) Cultivation in the Senegal River Delta

The find for the optimal slide of water to bring to the plot during the irrigated onion crop was important in order to limit the recharge of the water table close to the soil surface. The quantities of water supplied during onion irrigation were estimated from measurements made with a metal crest to the plot positioned at the tertiary canal. The flow rates at the tertiary canal directly irrigating the plot were recorded during irrigation. From this flow rate, the quantity of water supplied to each plot was determined. From then, the performance of the irrigated system in onion cultivation should pass on the management of this water slide at the level of the hydroagricultural facilities. The integrated soil water mass, salinity and water table dynamics monitoring system was used to assess the water requirements of onion following the irrigation. The daily water requirement of onion in the holland soil of the delta was estimated to average 0.45 g/m3. These requirements were varied according to the development stage of the crop. The water level between the ridges was between 6 and 9 mm during irrigation. This was not permanent, it infiltrated between 12 and 18 hours. This type to the stingray irrigation did not favour the arrival of the water table on the surface. The only fluctuations in the water table were observed during the bulb maturation phase. During this phase, the soil water masses were important. The electrical conductivity recorded varied during the campaign. At the beginning of irrigation, it was 3.62 mS/cm on a 30 cm profile, it decreased towards the end of the irrigations to reach 2.06 mS/cm. The quantities of salt recorded on a 30 cm profile varied from one month to the next; they were 0.468 t/ha at the beginning of irrigation (January) and 0.275 t/ha at the end of the campaign (April). From these results we can say that land degradation in the Senegal river delta would be linked to the arrival of salty groundwater on the surface.

Stranding cases of endangered Ganges river dolphins in the Ghaghara–Sharada irrigation canals, Ganges river basin, India: conservation implications

Abstract Populations of endangered Ganges and Indus river dolphins have been under severe threat from diversion of river water by dams, barrages, and canal networks across the Indus and Ganges–Brahmaputra river basins. River dolphins prefer deep water and might enter irrigation canals in the dry-season, getting stranded there. Stranding can cause mortality and local population declines, and poses an emerging challenge to river dolphin conservation efforts. In Pakistan’s Indus river basin, stranding rates of Indus dolphins in irrigation canals are high, and well-coordinated rescue-release operations are undertaken. Despite commendable river dolphin rescue efforts in some parts of India, stranding cases are not always reported. From open-access media reports (2007–08 to 2017–18), I found 26 stranding cases of Ganges river dolphins from the Ghaghara–Sharada canal network across seven districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. Of these, 62% reports were from 2015 to 2016. Most cases occurred in secondary and tertiary canal branches. Interviews with fishers, farmers, and government officials revealed low awareness of stranding cases. Stranded dolphins might have no chance of returning to their source habitat, unless rescued. From my results, I discuss how current barrage-canal operations could influence dolphin stranding risk, and their implications for flow management in the Ghaghara–Sharada river basin.

Estimating Conveyance Efficiency and Maize Productivity of Traditional Irrigation Systems in Usa River Catchment, Tanzania

Estimating the conveyance efficiency of traditional irrigation schemes systems is very important. It is because of understanding the volume of water lost along with the transportation facility, enhancing water usage and productivity, hence making better decisions about the utilization of water resources. The objective of the study was to determine water abstraction permit compliances and estimate conveyance efficiency and crop and water productivity of traditional irrigation systems in northern Tanzania. The task involved measurement of irrigation water flows to determine the amount of water abstraction, inflow (head) and outflow (tail) between the canals to determine the conveyance efficiency of the main, secondary, and tertiary canals of the traditional irrigation systems. Moreover, water and yield obtained at the farm level were determined. Results indicate that approximately 72% of water transported reaches the destined farm which produced maize (Zea mays L) yields of 1054.5 kg/ha, 892.4 kg/ha, and 875.156 kg/ha at downstream, midstream, and upstream which equals 0.41 kg/m3, 0.15 kg/m3, and 0.09 kg/m3, respectively, while about 28% of water is lost along the canals through evaporation, seepage, and deep percolation and overtopping. Consequently, water measured at furrow intakes in total was 3,500 L/s, equal to 23% more than the permitted amount of 2856.14 L/s at Usa River Catchment. Interventions to minimize water losses starting at the furrow’s intakes are urgently required in the current trend of the increasing demand for water resources for food production and schemes performance. Subsequently, more effective conveyance technologies and water management strategies other than canal lining are required.

Assessment of Water Balance and Traditional Surface Irrigation Practices in the Northern Nile Delta

Water balance analysis helps in managing water supply. Therefore, matching between water supply and demand is very important to overcome water shortage.This study aims at presenting comprehensive analysis to understand the nature of operating system in the traditional surface irrigation systems aiming to establish a comprehensive analysis to sustain the irrigation system, considering the problems of water supply, inequity, water quality deterioration, and poor irrigation and drainage management. Analysis in this study was done in two hubs. Firstly, study the parameters affecting water supply and demand; secondly, assessing water availability, adequacy, equity and distribution of irrigation during 24 hours’ cycle.The study area is located in Kafr El-Dawar irrigation district, El-Beheira governorate in the western part of the Nile Delta.The findings show that the differences in water balance per feddan (feddan is an Egyptian land unit equals 4206 m2) at all tertiary canals (meskas) are small; At the head of the canals, no night irrigation or drainage water reuse events during the irrigation seasons were observed; and the irrigation rotation is irregular. These findings elaborate that the location on the canal and the presence of subsurface drainage are mainly affecting the water balance in the study area.

The Impact of Making Canal Blocking on Growth Red Chili Plant Production (Capsicum Annuum L.)

Increased chili production continues to meet the demand for chili in an area. This study aimed to determining the importance of the influence of making canal blocking on water availability to increase growth and production of red chili plants. This study used a survey method, the method consisted of several stages including determining the location of sampling taken by purposive sampling, namely deliberate sampling with the required sample requirements. The results obtained from interviews and filling out the questionnaire stated that the water source they found for their plant water needs was the water available on the canal. The canal which was around the land was a secondary and tertiary canal, while the primary canal was located quite far approximately 300-500 m which was located around the edge of the road. The result of the analysis showed that making canal blocking in an effort to increase the availability of water there was no significant difference in the parameters of flowering and harvest age. Making canal blocking could increase plant canopy width, plant height, fruit weight/plant weight and fruit weight/m2, and canal blocking could increase water availability for plants so as to increase production to 20 tons.ha−1.

Field measurement and analysis of water losses at the main and tertiary levels of irrigation canals: Varamin Irrigation Scheme, Iran

Irrigation canals waste some of the water during the conveyance and distribution process. Due to the effect of water losses on distribution planning and operation process, it is necessary to estimate the conveyance efficiency and water losses. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the performance of water conveyance in all level of canals and to carry out an in-depth analysis of the water losses problem in the irrigation schemes through a case study. Therefore, the recorded data in more than 40 selected points of the main, secondary and tertiary canals were analyzed. The use of ultrasonic flowmeter in this study provided an appropriate precision for determining seepage losses and water conveyance efficiency. Results show that conveyance efficiency for main, secondary, and tertiary canals in the 1000 m reaches are 95%, 91.5%, and 89.3% respectively. In addition, the amount of seepage losses per unit of seepage surface for main, secondary, and tertiary canals is equal to 1.22, 1.18, and 0.63 m3/day respectively. Regarding the length of the canals, the total amount of seepage losses in a certain time and in an irrigation interval, in tertiary canals is more than secondary and in secondary canals is more than the main canal. In order to decrease the seepage losses, it is recommended to consider the serious preventive and corrective maintenance programs.