Territorial Production Complexes Research Articles

Assessment of the demographic potential of municipalities of the Arctic zone of Yakutia

The prospects for the development of Arctic regions are of great interest today for the entire scientific community, in view of the strategic status of these territories. The implementation of large resource projects is impossible without preserving and developing its demographic potential. This article discusses issues related to the state and development of the demographic potential of the Arctic regions of Yakutia. The role of natural growth and migration in the formation of the population of the Arctic regions was revealed. Understanding the reasons for the outflow of the population will allow in the future to form a modern regional policy regarding the spatial development of the Arctic regions of Yakutia. The subject of the study is the demographic potential of the Yan group of districts. Interest in the group of regions under consideration is caused by a historically formed territorial production complex for the extraction of ore minerals (primarily tin and gold), as well as promising plans for the development of new deposits. The creation of energy (PATES) and transport infrastructure (Yana road, Nizhneyansk and Ust7Kuiga ports) allows us to assess the regions of the Yan group as a single promising zone for the growth of the republic’s Arctic economy. Due to the above circumstances, it becomes necessary to assess its demographic potential. The materials for the study were the official data of the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), presented in annual statistical collections.

Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Rural Settlements in the Tambov Region

Relevance. With the rapid industrialization and continuous socio-economic progress of Russia, the spatial distribution of rural settlements is undergoing significant changes. The globalization of the economy, regional differences, changes in agriculture and the characteristics of villages, as well as the sustainable recovery of rural social economy are becoming important areas of research around the world. The purpose of the study is to search for opportunities for the development of rural settlements in the Tambov region based on their spatial distribution. Objectives: analysis of the density of rural settlements and population density; calculation of the average nearest neighbor ratio for each district and the Tambov region as a whole; formation of measures for the economic development of rural settlements of the Tambov region. The methodology of the study includes an analysis of the density of rural settlements and population density, determining the type of distribution of rural settlements in the Tambov region through the calculation of the average distance index to the nearest neighbor. Results. A combined grouping of village councils of the Tambov region was carried out according to the density of rural settlements and population density. The vast majority of rural councils belong to the group with an average density of settlements and a low population density (143 units), as well as to the group with two low indicators (69 units). For rural settlements of the Tambov region, the average ratio of nearest neighbors (R) was 0,733, which indicates a clustered type of distribution of settlements in the region. Conclusions. Based on the type of distribution of rural settlements in the Tambov region, the author proposed a model of a territorial production complex (TPC). The model was developed taking into account the categories of the population living in rural areas of the Tambov region. This model is based on a group of manufacturing enterprises, often farms, which are the foundation of the TPC.

Demographic History of Khakassia

The monograph is devoted to the study of the formation of the population of Khakassia from the end of the 19th century to modern times. The article notes that rapid population growth was associated with periods of industrial development of the region, primarily with the beginning of the creation of the Sayan territorial-production complex and its industrial hubs. Population dynamics show that the formation of the population was mainly due to the migration flow from the regions of Eastern Siberia. The author analyzes the age-sex structure of the population and notes a constant decrease in the number of men. The article pays much attention to the issues of the natural movement of the population of Khakassia, stating the low birth rate and high mortality rate of the population. Based on numerous statistical data, the author examines the problems of migration of the population of the republic, including in recent decades, and analyzes the sources of the migration process of population growth. In the finale, the author raises the question of the demographic security of the republic and proposes the use of individual indicators to assess its level.

Efficiency of Transport Infrastructure in Asian Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan in the Context of Creating New Trans-Eurasian Transport Corridors

This article discusses the efficiency of transport infrastructure and cooperation of neighboring regions located in Asian Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan in the context of creating new international economic corridors from the Silk Road and trans-Eurasian transport corridors. This study aims to highlight the possible ways of strengthening cross-border cooperation in the field of transport infrastructure. We evaluated the current state of the transport infrastructure, the dynamics of its development, and its influence on the territorial–production complex. Using quantitative data and the unified indicator for the efficiency of transport infrastructure, we also characterized the territorial differentiation, its causes, and prerequisites for further economic and trade cooperation between these countries. The main results are as follows: (1) The lowest levels of the efficiency of transport infrastructure are typical for the northeast of Asian Russia, as well as for the border regions of China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan. (2) For Asian Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia, the highest levels of the unified indicator are typical for regions located along the main transport routes and for regions with a developed mining industry. This is due to the strong unevenness of the socio-economic development of the territories. (3) The largest industrial and economic centers have been developing along the main transport corridors primarily due to the accumulated potential of equivalent freight turnover and export potential. This study can be useful for authorities and business, as well as for other users of transport infrastructure to improve its regulation and efficiency.

Synergetic features of landscape and complex geographic categories


 
 
 The article examines the historical stages of the formation of scientific ideas about the essence of landscape and complex as the main categories of physical and economic geog- raphy. On the basis of the analysis and generalization of the leading physical-geographers’ and landscape scientists’ views the regularities of evolutionary transition of understanding the content of the landscape and complex categories from the system paradigm to the synergetic paradigm under the influence of humanistic ideas are reflected. It is stated that the landscape in a broad interpretation can be identified with the natural-territorial complex (NTC) of a certain rank, which is understood as a spatial and temporal system of geographic components, interrelated in their location and developing as a whole. The concept of territorial-production complexes (TPC) was substantiated and their typification was proposed. The factors of formation of the additional economic effect of TPC on the basis of territorial and organizational unity and mutually beneficial relations between its elements, as well as providing an integrated use and processing of raw materials and energy were determined. The key features of the concept of socio-geographical complexes (SGC), which were an important geographical tool in the search for the ways ensuring sustainable development of territories, were characterized. It has been established that the SGC concept is fundamentally different from the TPC concept by the vertical nature of the links between different types of economic activity within the system, and, in addition, by attributing to SGC not only material but also spiritual components of human activity. The character and qualities of the synergistic effect of space are analyzed. The synergistic properties of landscapes and complexes are described and their various categories within the concept of spatial synergy arising in those points of space, where the traditional mechanisms of human existence do not exhaust their potential. It is emphasized that based on the use of the synergistic effect mankind in the future will be able to develop effective mechanisms of management and territorial organization, which will open up new directions for the implementation of previously hidden reserves and properties of space.
 
 

Сучасні технології геопросторового аналізу під час планування міської території

Zoning is an important factor of territorial organization and management of the economy of a separate territorial unit – country, oblast, district oblast, city, district city, selective districts, zones of communal and administrative division, and others. Zoning involves the distribution of the territory taking into account the objective laws of the territorial division of labor, the formation of territorial-production complexes of various scales, etc. The article analyzes the main ideas of specialists regarding the issues of zoning the city territory using GIS technologies and methods of geoinformation analysis using the example of the city of Odesa. The purpose of this work is to develop an information model of a multifunctional geo-information system for solving territorial planning problems of the city of Odesa using geospatial analysis methods. Investigate the possibilities of using geospatial analysis methods to ensure the implementation of mapping of various scales and thematic direction on the example of the city of Odesa. Method. The methodology of performing zoning works using geospatial analysis methods mainly corresponds to the following algorithm: 1- processing of analytical data received in electronic form, with the aim of bringing it into the data input format of the ArcGIS software; 2- execution of the geocoding operation based on the address part of the analytical data; 3-allocation of elementary fragments of the city territory that meets the requirements for district boundaries; 4- construction of a population density model; 5-determining the population of elementary fragments; 6- determination of the boundaries of the historical part of the city (“Porto Franco”) according to the maps of the 19th century; 7-binding and defining the boundaries of the historical part of the city according to the digital map; 8- determination of the population currently living in the historical part of the city; 9-determination of potential district boundaries; 10-determination of zoning options; 11-registration of documentation for each variant of zoning; 12-analysis of the results, if necessary, change of criteria for the zoning procedure and repetition of the procedure for designing the boundaries of the districts. Scientific novelty and practical significance – for the first time, the development and research of an information model of a multifunctional geoinformation system for solving the problems of territorial planning of the city using geospatial analysis methods over a long period of time has been carried out.

Population of the Bratsk-Ust-Ilimsk Complex: The Making and Current Demographic Situation

The article deals with the historical and current problems of the population of the Bratsk-Ust-­Ilimsk territorial production complex, located in the Middle Angara region of the Irkutsk region. The main stages of the settlement of the territory associated with the economic development of the region are singled out. The author notes the special role of the state in attracting and resettling the population, providing financial, material and other assistance to migrants. The author focuses on the formation of the population of the Bratsk-Ust-­Ilim complex in the Soviet period, reveals the relationship between the processes of industrial development of the region and demographic processes. This is confirmed by the dynamics of the population, which is closely related to the main stages in the formation of the territorial production complex. The article examines the features of the natural and mechanical movement of the population, their share in the dynamics of the population, the impact of the industrial complex on the urban development of the region, which led to a sharp reduction in the rural population. The article analyzes the current demographic situation, characterized by a large migration outflow and natural population decline, which ultimately affected the progressive decline in the total population of the territorial production complex.

Основные меры государственной промышленной политики в фармацевтической отрасли Российской Федерации

Due to the changes in the modern world, it is necessary to develop the domestic pharmaceutical industry, which is a task especially important in the context of implementation of the import substitution policy. The article classifies the main measures the state industrial policy has for the pharmaceutical industry; these measures cover informational and consulting aspects, research and technical parts, innovations and economic matters. Practical actions and their possible consequences are considered for each group of the industrial policy measures: encouragement of domestic consumption, regulation of imports, stimulation and support of exports, stimulation of technological development, public-private partnerships, support of the development of intersectoral territorial production complexes (clusters), direct state support of investment activities, tax incentives for investors.

Regional mechanism for sustainable development

Technologization and resource consumption of modern regional production complexes actualizes the paradigm of their sustainable development. Ecosystem development of mesoterritoriums requires the use of integrated approaches, the creation of conditions and incentives. The concept of using an integrated mechanism to achieve sustainable development of the region as a technology for managing the territorial economy, focused on improving the efficiency of territorial production complexes, the implementation of priority areas in science, technology and critical technologies is put forward. The components of the management tools for the sustainable development of mesosystems are proposed, representing the internal structure and sequence of stages of interrelated directions of movement of the territorial economy to the desired state. This mechanism can be considered as a set of actions, the implementation of which will lead to socio-economic progress at a new level. A comprehensive regional mechanism of sustainable development is substantiated, which activates the process of economic and social changes in five directions: economic, spatial, social, digital and environmental, ensuring the implementation of the strategy of transformational processes. The proposed integrated regional mechanism of sustainable development can be applied at different levels of territorial management. In the conditions of modern realities of the implementation of the new regionalism, it is advisable to ensure stable trends in territorial development on the basis of platform and ecosystem approaches.

НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ ИНТЕГРАЦИИ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ВУЗА В СТРУКТУРУ ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНО-ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

The article analyzes well-known methodological provisions on entrepreneurship and the views of modern economists on entrepreneurial activity in terms of its structure, subjects, functions, and resource base. The feasibility of further transformation of modern universities into educational institutions with high entrepreneurial potential is substantiated through the implementation of relations of mutually beneficial creative, innovative cooperation with economic agents of a particular territory and the country as a whole. One of the components of this process is, according to the authors, the continuous practice-oriented project activity of students throughout the entire period of study, their completion of coursework and final qualifying papers at the request of organizations in the startup format. Examples and quantitative characteristics of the participation of university students in the North Caucasus Federal District in the “Student Startup” and “Startup as a Diploma” programs are given It is proposed to consider the formation and implementation of business competencies of teachers and students as an effective tool for integrating the entrepreneurial potential of a university into the structures of territorial production complexes.

IMPROVING THE USE OF MODERN SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS

At present, the influence modern surveying instruments has increased significantly. Modern surveying tools make the process easier and saves time. The development of territorial production complexes, exploration and development of mineral deposits, design, construction, reconstruction of industrial, agricultural and energy facilities, land reclamation, land management, modern geodetic equipment must be used for urban and agricultural and other tasks.

SURFACE FLOW AND FLOOD IN THE SHAMAKHI DISTRICT LOCATED IN THE SOUTH-EAST PART OF THE GREAT CAUCASUS

After gaining independence, the Republic of Azerbaijan, as in all areas, has undergone significant changes in the field of economic regions, territorial production complexes and their development. In this modern period of formation and deepening of market relations, ensuring the sustainable development of the economy and improving the social living conditions of the population attracts attention with its urgency. In this regard, the study of soil erosion problems of industrial complexes in the Shamakhi economic region of the Mountainous-Shirvan region and the study of the erosion danger of these lands and the development of complex anti-erosion technologies to prevent damage to the country's economy. is of great relevance in terms of scale application.

SURFACE FLOW AND FLOOD IN THE SHAMAKHI DISTRICT LOCATED IN THE SOUTH-EAST PART OF THE GREAT CAUCASUS

After gaining independence, the Republic of Azerbaijan, as in all areas, has undergone significant changes in the field of economic regions, territorial production complexes and their development. In this modern period of formation and deepening of market relations, ensuring the sustainable development of the economy and improving the social living conditions of the population attracts attention with its urgency. In this regard, the study of soil erosion problems of industrial complexes in the Shamakhi economic region of the Mountainous-Shirvan region and the study of the erosion danger of these lands and the development of complex anti-erosion technologies to prevent damage to the country's economy. is of great relevance in terms of scale application.

General Characteristics of Local Lore Documental Network Resources of the Libraries of Azerbaijan (Based on library collection)

Changing economic conditions, along with the economic development of seperate parts of a country put forward the solution of territorial problems. Therefore, economic zoning as a classic direction of socio-economic geography is becaming current. Azerbaijan has a rich experience in conducting research on scientific and economic zoning. As a result of the accumulation of theoretical basis and experience in carrying out this type of work, there has been a change in the structure of economic zoning: from defining it as a natural-historical whole formation to a territorial production complex, as a non-productive sphere and management, as a socio-economic system based on the territorial unity of people, etc. Consideration of the economic region as a territorial system implies a development in which its individual subsystems and elements have factors and consequences in accordance with their internal laws.
 Economic regions are considered to be complex, hierarchically regulated open systems. They consist of an interconnected combination of multilevel functional and structural subsystems. Here the system and the complex relations are combined for the purpose of general development. Therefore, when studying these territorial entities, it is necessary to use a system-structural approach and take into account the accumulated experience of the complex approach used in economic zoning. At the end of this practice, rich information resources on economic regions are formed, which form the composition of local lore sources. The general issues mentioned in the article are explained in a comprehensive way.

Stimulating the Innovative Development of the Regions of the Russian Federation within the Framework of Strategic Investment Projects

The present study is aimed at forming proposals to stimulate accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation in the conditions of increasing global crises associated with the influence of the unstable international situation in connection with the events in Ukraine and the introduction, as well as the prospect of sanctions against the Russian Federation, as well as the impact on both the world and the Russian economy of the consequences of significant restrictions due to the situation with coronavirus.Aim. Formation of proposals for accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation based on the use of strategic investment projects in the conditions of reconstruction of territorial production complexes, which will form the prerequisites for the advanced development of the regions.Tasks. To consider approaches to stimulating accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation and its assessment based on: the use of key performance indicators; diversification of the economic potential of the regions, as well as the use of venture financing; introduction of the concepts of strategic investment projects and strategic investment initiatives into strategic regional development programs; the use of the theory of the territorial-industrial complex in modern economic conditions.Methods. In this paper, using the methods of factorial, statistical and quantitative analysis, proposals have been developed for the formation of measures to achieve maximum success in the innovative development of advanced industries in the regions of the Russian Federation.Results. The study showed that in order to achieve the objectives of accelerated innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation, when forming strategic planning documents, it is necessary to focus on the main “development complexes”, participation in the implementation of a new model of economic growth based on the prin ciples of public-private partnership based on a comprehensive theoretical and methodological approach to the formation of socio-economic policy and the active use of strategic investment projects.Conclusions. It is advisable in the strategic programs of the regions to determine the creation of hightech innovative projects for processing raw materials available on the territory in order to get out of the dependence of the economy on raw materials; to create the necessary conditions for improving the investment climate in order to attract high-tech projects of leading world states for their further use in their own needs; actively diversify existing own high-tech projects in order to maximize profits and create an image of a highly developed, competitive region; create high-tech divisions on the basis of financial and economic institutions to launch and finance innovative, knowledge-intensive projects with a view to their further diversification and integration both in the region and with third entities.

Textile waste generation in the Sakhalin Region: cluster approach of collection and processing

The authors consider the conceptual issues of creating an effective regional model of textile waste management in the Sakhalin region. An analytical review and analysis of the current situation on the handling of textile waste generated as a result of both human activity and in the process of production activities of enterprises and organizations has been carried out. About 300 thousand tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated annually in the region. Almost the entire specified volume is subsequently placed on landfills of MSW, and only 0.24 % is disposed of or neutralized. Today, there is an acute problem of insufficient recycling, including textile waste, which is practically not involved in repeated economic turnover. This is due to both the lack of necessary infrastructure and specialized enterprises. Currently, there is no unified system of collection, processing and disposal of textile waste generated by the population and in production technological cycles on the territory of the Sakhalin region. The creation of a textile waste collection and treatment system in the region is hindered by the lack of reliable statistical information on the volumes of waste generation in municipal districts and urban districts. The peculiarity of the waste management system in the Sakhalin region is the insular nature of the territory (the region is located on islands), which determines the cluster approach in the formation of a waste collection and treatment system. The authors carried out an indicative (expert and regulatory) assessment of the volume of textile waste generation in the Sakhalin Region and proposed optimal ways to improve the territorial waste management scheme (including MSW) aimed at increasing the collection and processing of textile waste. The concept of reforming the territorial scheme of solid household waste management in the Sakhalin region is proposed, based on the use of a cluster approach and allowing to minimize environmental consequences by involving waste in economic turnover as secondary resources for developing territorial production complexes in the region. The division of the municipalities of the region into clusters with the allocation of zones of direct transportation, transshipment and local disposal of MSW will enable a differentiated approach to waste management.

CITIES OF THE TYUMEN REGION IN THE 1970S: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN FERTILITY AND MORTALITY

In the post-war period, industrial development in the east of the country was often carried out through the formation of territorial production complexes. They were distinguished by the size of capital investments, the pace of industrial growth, and the number of settlements being created. In this regard, it is of great interest how such economic development influenced the nature of demographic processes. The formation of the population of the Tyumen region during the formation of the West Siberian oil and gas complex has already been well studied, many works have been published in which the personnel problems of enterprises and the growth rates of its cities were studied. However, the reproduction of the population has not been studied enough, it is not entirely clear how much the birth rate and mortality changed at different stages of industrial growth. This work is a logical continuation of the article published earlier and devoted to the analysis of demographic trends in the previous inter-census period (1959-1970). The main purpose of the article is to study the total fertility rate and life expectancy, taking into account the changes that have occurred in the social, economic, cultural and everyday life of the population. To solve it, the methods of conditional generation, index, historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods were used in a complex. The article reveals for the first time that demographic trends in the cities of the Tyumen region, in general, corresponded to the processes taking place in Western Siberia. Nevertheless, the nature of socio-economic development in the period under review had a certain impact on the reproduction of the urban population. The growth of investments in housing construction, the development of public utilities, social and household infrastructure contributed to the fact that life expectancy decreased slightly. Moreover, the situation with mortality has improved to the greatest extent in the northern regions. Due to the spread of urban culture, changes in the socio-educational structure of society, migration flows and urban settlement, the birth rate has decreased. In this regard, the nature of reproduction of the urban population in the 1970s became closer to the average Western Siberian indicators.

The role of territorial-production complexes in the reproduction of natural resources

The role of territorial-production complexes in the reproduction of natural resources

Following the Old Road: Organizational Imprinting and the Regional Development of Russia

ABSTRACTIn this article, I draw from organizational imprinting theory to illuminate the impact of the Soviet legacy on contemporary Russian economic geography and regional policy. I argue that central coordination in the creation and regulation of Russian urban agglomerations is connected to a socialist imprinted paradigm associated with the Soviet economic regionalization model and territorial-production complexes (TPCs). I conduct a qualitative historical study to analyze the role of the foundational environment and the dynamics in the development of this imprint. I propose that this imprint effect is prone to reproduction in contemporary regional development strategies and community-based paradigms due to exaptation and cultural-cognitive persistence. The article extends the literature of socialist imprinting by demonstrating how imprints may emerge, transform, and affect localized organizational communities in transition economies and highlights the role of imprinted paradigms in policymaking and regional development.

STRATEGY OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN INNOVATIVE AGROINDUSTRIAL CLUSTER OF THE REGION IN A CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION OF THE AUTHORITATIVE POWERS

Abstract. A research method of determining the clustering potential of the industrial complex of the region is proposed within the article. The main objective of the research is the development of a strategy of the formation and development of an innovative agroindustrial cluster of the region in the setting of decentralization of authoritative powers. In modern economic conditions, the search and application of new, adequate approaches to innovative development of agroindustrial enterprises is reasonably required. It is proved that the most significant form of the implementation of the agroindustrial enterprise potential is innovative clusters, which should be considered as economic subjects concentrated and technologically related on the geographical grounds and technologically new ones, which form territorial production complexes on a specific territory. It is substantiated that the policy of decentralization of authoritative powers is a significant catalyst for the cluster development, especially the agroindustrial production and economic recovery of many rural areas. This article studies the objective of intensification of the formation processed of innovative agroindustrial clusters in the regions of Ukraine. The block diagram showing the result estimation of clustering development of innovative agroindustrial enterprises of the region is proposed. A conceptual model of formation and development of innovative agroindustrial cluster of the region, which is based on structural modernization of economic space, solution of economic, social and ecological problems due to effective use of available areal resources, is developed. Keywords: cluster, innovation, agroindustrial enterprises, agroindustrial cluster of agroindustrial complex, decentralization, production core, innovative core. JEL Classification R00, R11 Formulas: 7; fig.: 2; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 12.