Territorial Markers Research Articles

Education, propaganda, and visual discourse in socialist Romania (1948–1989)

ABSTRACT The official discourse during the communist regime in Romania (1948–1989) has not been paid much attention by researchers and the official visual discourse, addressing adults and children, even less so. My study aims to address this research gap and identify the identity markers of the Romanian territory during socialism by exploring spatial representations and the territorial identity that were produced through official visual imagery. Using qualitative discourse analysis and critical visual methodology, I analyse the visual construction, through discourse, of themes and places created starting with the 1950s and were featured repeatedly during the 1970s and 1980s Romania (the period of national communism), and which constructed and highlighted traits of the country’s territorial identity. To achieve the research aim, I explore three types of research materials and ways of realising spatial education and socialisation through (propaganda) images or a visual pedagogy of space: (1) photographs in three textbooks about the Geography of Romania – a tool in educating people’s representations of their homeland, (2) official (state-produced and distributed) picture postcards reflecting progress during socialist Romania, and (3) comics about work and class identities in Cutezătorii [The Daring Ones] youth magazine – a tool in the edutainment of Romanian communist pioneers. These three official visual discourses were part of a coherent cultural visual discourse about the socialist nation, pervading representations about Romania, about its urban area, and about who the Romanians were meant to have been. This plural discourse was constructed through the visual intertextuality of these three widely distributed media.

Beyond Instrumentarianism: Automated Facial Recognition Systems in Brazil and Digital Colonialism’s Violence

Although critical of contemporary capitalism, and the injustices and asymmetries derived from it, current conceptualisations of ‘surveillance capitalism’ have been developed from within the Global North, paying little attention to the effects and ramifications of this new phase of capitalism for the global periphery. This text looks at this phenomenon from the Global South, emphasising the concept not as a territorial marker but contingent on social relations, intersecting ethnic, nationality and social class markers. Its objective is to explore the applications of automated facial recognition systems in Brazil, discussing how they reinforce a disciplinary logic of social subordination and diversify forms of symbolic violence. In this context, from the perspective of digital colonialism, we aim to highlight how the operation of such systems in the Global South contests and challenges the idea of soft instrumentarian control. It analyses the manifestations of surveillance capitalism in the Global South as enablers of digital colonialism, where disciplinary and violent social effects are fostered. It describes the functioning of AFR and its extensive relationship with colonial practices. To deepen our discussion, we will briefly focus on the application in public security and schools in Brazil, describing its controversies and disciplinary logic. Furthermore, it addresses the problematisation of instrumentarian power through post-colonial and digital colonialism approaches, arguing that the effects of deploying digital technologies globally are not restricted to data plundering but also foster complex social effects, such as dependency and violence.

Children's Legal Geographies, and the “Make-Believe” of Property

What is a wall to a child? It may be an obstacle course, a balance beam, a “car,” a seat, a home for spiders and ladybugs, a place to play hide and seek, a support to lean on when learning to walk, a perch for cats, a musical instrument to be played with sticks and hands. Rather than just a barrier, the wall can also become an incitement to explore that which lies beyond it. So how does a wall become just a territorial marker—a designation of private property, an imposing boundary line that cuts through space, dividing mine and yours? And what can children's engagement with the boundary, and the legalized attempts to prevent and punish their boundary-crossing, tell us about the social work of private property? In addressing these questions, we aim to take seriously the iterative “why?” of small children when confronted with territorial rules and related violence.

Territoriality characteristics in housing of Kampung Bugis, Buleleng Regency, Bali

<p>One of the less well-organized residential areas in Buleleng is the Kampung Bugis settlement. The development of the Bugis Village settlement as one of the densest settlements in Buleleng does not get good regulation and control so that the village environment tends to be slum, disorganized, uncomfortable and unhealthy. The existence of Bugis Village which is increasingly dense by residents also has an impact on the density of buildings in residential areas. Unfortunately, this condition is not balanced with the arrangement and sufficient land area. Due to the high environmental pressure, residents become spatially motivated by creating “new spaces” to meet their individual needs. This is very interesting to examine so that in the future it can be used as a reference for the development of residential areas in the future. Territoriality characteristics that occur in Bugis Village are as follows, land ownership status does not really affect the formation of territorial boundaries, boundary elements are not always a marker of social identity, space that has the highest privacy always has firm territorial boundaries, space resulting from territorial expansion tends to use semi-fixed elements as a territorial marker. This happens because there is still awareness from the residents of the settlements that the expanded land is legally not their property. The territoriality formed in settlements is generally to fulfill six main needs/activities, namely: drying, gathering/playing, trading, storing goods, parking and socializing. Apart from being a territorial marker, some of the boundary elements are an embodiment of aesthetic needs.</p>

Populational heterogeneity and partial migratory origin of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus: genoarchitectonic analysis in the mouse

The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) is one of the most distinctive hypothalamic tuberal structures, subject of numerous classic and modern functional studies. Commonly, the adult VMH has been divided in several portions, attending to differences in cell aggregation, cell type, connectivity, and function. Consensus VMH partitions in the literature comprise the dorsomedial (VMHdm), and ventrolateral (VMHvl) subnuclei, which are separated by an intermediate or central (VMHc) population (topographic names based on the columnar axis). However, some recent transcriptome analyses have identified a higher number of different cell types in the VMH, suggesting additional subdivisions, as well as the possibility of separate origins. We offer a topologic and genoarchitectonic developmental study of the mouse VMH complex using the prosomeric axis as a reference. We analyzed genes labeling specific VMH subpopulations, with particular focus upon the Nkx2.2 transcription factor, a marker of the alar-basal boundary territory of the prosencephalon, from where some cells seem to migrate dorsoventrally into VMH. We also identified separate neuroepithelial origins of a Nr2f1-positive subpopulation, and a new Six3-positive component, as well as subtle differences in origin of Nr5a1 positive versus Nkx2.2-positive cell populations entering dorsoventrally the VMH. Several of these migrating cell types are born in the dorsal tuberal domain and translocate ventralwards to reach the intermediate tuberal domain, where the adult VMH mass is located in the adult. This work provides a more detailed area map on the intrinsic organization of the postmigratory VMH complex, helpful for deeper functional studies of this basal hypothalamic entity.

Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) as a territorial marker: sociocultural and economic source of Warao women in Amazon

O estudo busca discutir a organização social, cultural, econômica e o contato das mulheres indígenas Warao com a palmeira do buriti, da qual retiram seu sustento, abrigo e o modo com que retrata a relação mítica com toda apropriação de suprir as necessidades. Para mais, o buriti é fonte de renda, por meio do artesanato, vestimentas e redes, construção de casas, e uma fonte alimentar. Com isso, a análise de categoria geográfica se pautará no conceito de territorialidade, por meio dos marcadores territoriais nos estudos afeitos de Almeida Silva (2010). Por fim, o estudo foi norteado por pesquisa bibliográfica, com dados coletados por meio de teses, artigos, publicados no meio científico e acadêmico, com natureza qualitativa e de análise fenomenológica, de maneira a evidenciar os acontecimentos humanos, em meio as manifestações migratórias.

Петроглифы Умм-Агаиба (Хукаб-Карара). По материалам Нубийской археологической экспедиции академии наук СССР. Часть 1. Племенные знаки

This article presents the research of petroglyphs discovered by Soviet archaeologists in 1962 and 1963 in course of epigraphic studies in Wadi al-Allaqi region within the framework of the archaeological expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 200 hieroglyphic inscriptions were discovered in Umm-Agaib, copied and subsequently published. As for the petroglyphs, due to lack of time they were not reproduced and studied. However, the photos of the rocks in Umm-Agaib preserved in the archive of one of the expedition members, A.V. Vinogradov, allow us to make trace drawings of the petroglyphs, to study and publish them. Materials and methods. In this article we publish the so-called tribal brands (Arabic Wasm, pl. Wusum), used by the Bedouins of the Middle East (Iraq, Syria, the Arab Peninsula, Egypt, Sudan) primarily for branding camels. However, brands were also tribe symbols of sorts, and as such were often drawn on tents, clothing, or tattoos. Wasm was used by the Bedouins as a territorial marker, as well as to indicate caravan routes or the tribe’s migration. As such the brands were drawn on the rocks at the campsites. Results and discussion. This article attempts to determine the time period when tribal brands were drawn on the rocks of Umm-Agaib, as well as to answer the question of who could have left them: the Blemmyes who inhabited the Nubian desert in late Antiquity; the Arabs who migrated to the region of present-day Sudan in the 9th-11th centuries because of the active gold mining in Wadi al-Allaqi region and caravan trade that connected the Red Sea port of Aidhab with the Upper Egypt cities; or the Beja, indigenous inhabitants of the Nubian Desert. Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that at the current level of our knowledge of the brands left in the Nubian Desert, it’s impossible to accurately determine the time period when they were drawn. So far, we can talk about a wide time range from late Antiquity to the present.

The territory between Veii and Rome in the Archaic period: Rural structures as territorial markers of cultural frontiers

The recent archaeological discoveries made in the north-western quadrant of Rome, within the ambit of so‑called ‘emergency archaeology’, make it possible to put knowledge into practice in a subject area which stimulates intense academic debate: the territory between Veii and Rome, in the period between the Archaism and the final conquest of the Etruscan city. The data available until now that have been employed in the reconstruction of settlement dynamics come almost exclusively from funerary contexts. The archaeological evidences–pertaining to residential structures–are rare and sporadic, although gradually increasing. The case illustrated here of the excavation in the Lucchina area (Via Trionfale, Ottavia) represents a rare opportunity to examine a ‘border’ culture in depth through information provided by investigations–still under way–into a complex of Etruscan-Veian dwellings: houses with a tripartite layout of which there remain the bases in tufa blocks and collapsed tiles. In the necropolis, on the other hand, a tomb is being investigated of the Veian type a vestibolo or a tramite, with access steps and three loculi (two for cremations and one for inhumation) which have yielded a rich funerary equipment. A Veian community, then, providing evidence of the phenomenon of ‘internal colonisation’ of the suburb of the city so close to the border with Rome.

Neolithic Long Barrows and Enclosures as Landmarks of Ritual Landscape of Central and North Bohemia

Abstract Based on reconstruction of the spatial context of causewayed enclosures and long barrows of the Proto- and Early Eneolithic period, we attempt to model the phenomenon of the ritual landscape in Central and North Bohemia. Discussing the purpose and meaning of the long barrows and enclosures, they are being described as funerary and religious structures related to the cult of ancestors. An alternative explanation views them primarily, in economic terms, as territorial markers delineating the areas controlled by different communities. It seems likely that both of these interpretations are valid and well characterise the true nature of such structures. Both types of monuments should not be perceived as isolated structures, but just the opposite as they are part of a pattern of regional and super-regional identity of communities and individuals. In fact, they are crucial elements of the overall system of structuring of the prehistoric landscape.

Relationships between sepulchral caves and dolmens during the Neolithic in the Western Pyrenees (France)—abridged version

This contribution aims to evaluate the state of our knowledge about Neolithic burials in natural cavities and in stone-built monuments within a geographic area limited to the southern part of the Adour river basin. Particular emphasis was placed on shared concepts of funerary spaces and sanctuaries. This research is mainly based on the excavations and studies carried out over the last 30 years and within the ongoing collective research project dedicated to the investigation of dolmen features and territories in the north-western Pyrenees (PCR “Structures dolméniques et territoires dans les Pyrénées nord-occidentales”). Data from the Early Neolithic period are scarce. Documentation relating to the Middle and Late/Final Neolithic shows that the practices are linked to modalities observed more widely within an Atlantic tradition, but that they were also influenced by traditions in the eastern part of the Pyrenean chain, particularly during the Late/Final Neolithic. Two features turned out to be significant: burial mounds – built as early as the Middle Neolithic period, including or not including megalithic architecture, were real territorial markers still erected in the Bronze Age but also reused up to Antiquity; and, less monumental, sepulchral caves – used and sometimes re-used several decades or centuries later by the same community.

The Bretons in French Politics: Regional Mobilization within and beyond the Central State

AbstractThis article revisits the French region of Brittany on the basis of sustained empirical research over a 25-year period. It identifies the twin use of influence and identity as forming a key part of an accepted and largely diffused territorial repertoire, based on affirming distinctiveness for reasons of vertical linkage, as well as horizontal capacity building. This article explores the different facets of this model of territorial influence. The two twin dimensions concern: first, a well-versed mechanism of lobbying central institutions and actors to defend the Breton interest; second, the use of territorial identity markers to forward the regional cause, relying on social movements and a broad capacity for regional mobilization. Within this overarching context, the Breton case demonstrates an intelligent instrumental use of identity and identity markers, but mainstream Breton forces recognize that this only makes sense in the light of the national level of regulation and structure of opportunities. The logic of this position is to integrate the Brittany region into a national model of territorial integration, while playing up identity markers to secure the maximum benefit for the region.

The analysis of the geographical distribution of emergency departments\u2019 frequent users: a tool to prioritize public health policies?

BackgroundThe individual factors associated to Frequent Users (FUs) in Emergency Departments are well known. However, the characteristics of their geographical distribution and how territorial specificities are associated and intertwined with ED use are limited. Investigating healthcare use and territorial factors would help targeting local health policies. We aim at describing the geographical distribution of ED’s FUs within the Paris region.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of all ED visits in the Paris region in 2015. Data were collected from the universal health insurance’s claims database. Frequent Users (FUs) were defined as having visited ≥3 times any ED of the region over the period. We assessed the FUs rate in each geographical unit (GU) and assessed correlations between FUs rate and socio-demographics and economic characteristics of GUs. We also performed a multidimensional analysis and a principal component analysis to identify a typology of territories to describe and target the FUs phenomenon.ResultsFUs accounted for 278,687 (11.7%) of the 2,382,802 patients who visited the ED, living in 232 GUs. In the region, median FUs rate in each GU was 11.0% [interquartile range: 9.5–12.5]. High FUs rate was correlated to the territorial markers of social deprivation. Three different categories of GU were identified with different profiles of healthcare providers densities.ConclusionFUs rate varies between territories and is correlated to territorial markers of social deprivation. Targeted public policies should focus on disadvantaged territories.

The Reinvented accounting firm office: Impression management for efficiency, client relations and cost control

The office has become a large scale organisational phenomenon accommodating large numbers of organisational employees most often housed in open plan and Activity Based Working settings that arguably resemble the new factory. This study examines contemporary Big 4 accounting firm office design innovations and their representation with a view to eliciting their claimed rationales, reflections of historical office design and management thinking, and apparent strategic agendas with respect to office efficiency, client relations and cost control involved in their offering of professional services. In doing so, it also explores the implications that public practice firms' office design may have for auditor independence and audit quality. Informed by Goffman's theories of impression management, the study employs historical and website analysis, finding a predominant firm focus on office efficiency and client relations with an undercurrent of cost reduction and revenue enhancement aspirations. While represented as innovative current office design and work pattern developments, public practice accounting firm office innovations and intentions are found to significantly reflect historical office design and management thinking, with dramaturgical circumspection of floor designs and props oriented towards creating front stage performances predesigned for clients' impression management. Where backstage redesign and frame breaking does not produce desired employee performance changes, some signs of retreating to more traditional floor redesign and territorial marker usage are evident. The study also signals the potential for innovative accounting firm office designs to carry some significant impacts upon audit independence and audit quality.

Conserved and unique transcriptional features of pharyngeal arches in the skate (Leucoraja erinacea) and evolution of the jaw.

The origin of the jaw is a long-standing problem in vertebrate evolutionary biology. Classical hypotheses of serial homology propose that the upper and lower jaw evolved through modifications of dorsal and ventral gill arch skeletal elements, respectively. If the jaw and gill arches are derived members of a primitive branchial series, we predict that they would share common developmental patterning mechanisms. Using candidate and RNAseq/differential gene expression analyses, we find broad conservation of dorsoventral (DV) patterning mechanisms within the developing mandibular, hyoid, and gill arches of a cartilaginous fish, the skate (Leucoraja erinacea). Shared features include expression of genes encoding members of the ventralizing BMP and endothelin signaling pathways and their effectors, the joint markers nkx3.2 and gdf5 and prochondrogenic transcription factor barx1, and the dorsal territory marker pou3f3. Additionally, we find that mesenchymal expression of eya1/six1 is an ancestral feature of the mandibular arch of jawed vertebrates, whereas differences in notch signaling distinguish the mandibular and gill arches in skate. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of mandibular and gill arch tissues reveal additional genes differentially expressed along the DV axis of the pharyngeal arches, including scamp5 as a novel marker of the dorsal mandibular arch, as well as distinct transcriptional features of mandibular and gill arch muscle progenitors and developing gill buds. Taken together, our findings reveal conserved patterning mechanisms in the pharyngeal arches of jawed vertebrates, consistent with serial homology of their skeletal derivatives, as well as unique transcriptional features that may underpin distinct jaw and gill arch morphologies.

Political graffiti in the political symbolic space of Prague, Czechia

ABSTRACT Graffiti is an important theme for our understanding of subcultural urban space and the ‘shadows’ of the city. This paper examines their spatial concentration in Holešovice district of the Czech capital Prague. Four theories have been used to explain the spatiality of graffiti: territorial markers, broken window, spot theory, and political symbolic space. While the first three theories all explain the spatial distribution of graffiti, they are each limited when applied to political graffiti. Conversely, the theory of political symbolic space, based on David Harvey’s relative space and Henri Lefebvre’s representational space, helps explain the concentration of political graffiti.

The body as the border: A new era

»Der Korper als Grenze: Eine neue Ara«. COVID-19 has reminded us of the significance of borders. In 1989, with the fall of the Berlin Wall, many predicted that sealed gates would soon become relics of a bygone era. Today, we find a different reality. Instead of disappearing, borders are transforming. In this article, we build upon the shifting border logic to explore how responses to the global pandemic have accelerated processes of detachment of mobility control from a fixed territorial marker. From global travel bans to mandating pre-arrival proof of a negative test result taken within 48 or 72 hours prior to departure to requiring digital registration of a passenger’s travel history to enforcing strict post-arrival mandatory quarantine orders that arrest mobility, the shifting border paradigm has provided a template for policymakers to respond to a mounting global crisis. In addition to regulating movement across international borders and within countries, we trace the surprising return of subnational and inter-regional division lines in managing mobility, the erosion of the once taken for granted right to return to one’s home country, and the spatial and legal techniques used to block refugees from reaching terra firma during the pandemic. Next, we critically evaluate the authorization given under emergency regulations to deploy novel biometric and AI technologies, big data, and predictive algorithms to surveil moving bodies at real time and reprimand those deemed to have breached their quarantine or related governmental emergency measures. While drastic times call for drastic measures, techniques of movement control that “scan” and trace our bodies raise serious questions about justice, fairness, and the risk of discrimination, which may well remain with us even long after the pandemic is over. © 2021, GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences. All rights reserved.

Wari’: conversão, identidade cultural e marcadores territoriais na Terra Indígena Igarapé Laje em Rondônia

O presente artigo procura analisar o modo de atuação das missões evangelizadoras na Aldeia Laje Velho, especificamente conduzidas pelas Missões Novas Tribos do Brasil - MNTB, que aproximadamente há cinquenta anos dedicam-se em converter esse coletivo indígena à religiosidade cristã. Outro aspecto aqui analisado é a identidade cultural Wari’, suas experiências ancestrais, sua cosmogonia, territorialidade e todo seu aporte simbólico com a natureza. Em seguida relacionamos esses dois aspectos aqui mencionados com os marcadores territoriais estruturantes e estruturadores, de modo que procuramos identificar e distinguir quais ações são consideradas originárias à coletividade e quais ações são características da sociedade envolvente. O trabalho é resultante de uma atividade de campo realizada com o povo Wari’ na Terra Indígena Igarapé Laje, localizada entre os municípios de Guajará - Mirim e Nova Mamoré no Estado de Rondônia. Apresenta em seu contexto as percepções obtidas e suas respectivas análises alicerçadas em abordagens metodológicas construídas por meio de referenciais bibliográficos, entrevistas, em que a fenomenologia constitui-se como base principal às análises em questão.
 PALAVRAS – CHAVE: Conversão. Identidade cultural. Marcadores Territoriais. Wari’.

Produire des espaces sportifs décalés pour gérer un risque social: l’exemple du sport LGBT

The growing number of LGBT sports clubs and tournaments questions gender and sexuality related boundaries in cities. The specific spatial patterns, at various scales, create specific sporting sites and structures: temporarily isolated territories, and strong and resilient local and international networks. These sites are identified by more or less visible and symbolic territorial markers. Some practices highlight unquestioned ordinary habits and make visible the usual norms of conventional sport. The choice of creating protective but also politically significant territories underlines the paradox of a marginalization chosen in an attempt to reach more safety, combined with an objective of openness and of political statement by denunciating the normativity of the gendered urban and sporting spaces.

Facing the fence: The production and performance of a Himalayan border in global contexts

This paper analyzes the spatial operations of power in a Himalayan borderland between Nepal and China to argue that border regimes are made, maintained, and performed as territorial processes of control over distinct socio-cultural identities and political economic practices. I make this argument by writing a boundary biography (Megoran, 2006, 2012) about a fence, bringing both history and ethnography to bear on border studies. Specifically, this biography analyzes the Nepal-China border at Mustang-Tibet in two distinct dimensions: 1) the physical (or external) location of the border as a marker of state territory between Nepal and China; and 2) the social and cultural (or internal) location of the border for borderland populations of Tibetan ethnicity. In correspondence to Salter’s (2011) formal, practical, and popular registers of bordering, I use ethnography, readings of diplomatic history, and policy analysis to examine social-political transformations at the Nepal-China border through three specific changes over time. These key moments reflect important state interventions which together shape how the Mustang-Tibet border is experienced in Himalayan borderland lives today. In so doing, this biography shows how borders materialize, dematerialize, and rematerialize and how local populations' identities and geographic imaginaries are influenced and oriented by the border (Sahlins, 1989). By demonstrating how border lives are often shaped and maintained with and across the border rather than against the border itself, this study presents emerging research on Asian borderlands to rethink classic concepts on bordering developed in European and wider global contexts.

Exposures to L‐felinine Suppressed Plasma Testosterone in Laboratory Rats

Felinine is a unique sulfur‐containing amino acid found in the urine of domestic cats and select members of the Felidae family (Rutherfurd et al. 2002). L‐felinine and its sulfur‐containing volatile derivatives excreted with urine in sex‐ and age‐dependent manner (Miyazaki et al. 2006). These cat‐specific volatile compounds may represent pheromones used as territorial markers for conspecific recognition or reproductive purposes by mature cats (Miyazaki et al. 2008). Species‐specific compounds may be used also by other species to recognize potential predators and their physiological status. In our previous studies we showed that exposures of rats from laboratory heterogenous population during gestation to the cat urine or L‐felinine significantly affected reproductive output. We observed significantly lower weight of newborn pups and skewed sex ratio in favour in males. At the behavioral level, exposed to cat urine/L‐felinine male rats showed fewer mountings and mountings with intromissions in presence of receptive females. In the current study we examined the influence of domestic cat‐specific compound L‐felinine on testosterone secretion in male rats. Intact cat urine was used as positive control; tap water was used as negative control. Test subjects were 3–4 month old Norway rats Rattus norvegicus from laboratory population. Males were placed singly two weeks prior to experiment. We used concentration of L‐felinine comparable to naturally occurring in the adult cat urine (Rutherfurd et al. 2002). Cotton balls soaked with L‐Felinine (0.05% w/v, 0.2 ml, US Biologicals), cat urine (0.2 ml) or tap water (0.2 ml) in plastic perforated containers were placed directly into home cages of rats. We renewed test solutions twice a week. Experimental animals were randomly assigned to one of treatment groups. Blood samples (50 μl) were obtained from rear foot pad (Miller et al. 1997). Plasma testosterone was assayed (in duplicate) by enzyme immunoassay method (EIA‐1559, DRG). Exposure of male rats to cat urine (0.2 ml) during two weeks significantly suppressed plasma testosterone (p=0. 0020, n=10, t‐test). Analogous exposures to L‐felinine (0.05 %, 0.2ml) produced quite similar effect (p =0.049, n=10, t‐test) in male rats. The effect was dose dependent: we did not observe suppression of plasma testosterone when lower amount of L‐felinine solution (0.05 %, 0.1ml.) was applied to home cage of male rats. It appears to be that altered sexual behavior of male rats exposed to L‐felinine/cat urine could be explained by significantly lowered testosterone secretion. The expression of the secondary defense reactions by laboratory naive rats and the failure tohabituate at the hormonal level may indicate an innate nature of the response.Support or Funding InformationSupported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 19‐34‐70024 mol_a_mosThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.