Territorial Institutions Research Articles

Governing pandemics: Resilience and community responses for COVID-19 in Bengaluru and Shanghai

ABSTRACT This study explores governance strategies and community responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bengaluru and Shanghai. It builds on recent evidence showing China centers on territorial institutions to respond to the pandemic, whereas democratic India relies on associational politics, including alliances with different stakeholders. The study argues that increased community involvement in Shanghai arose from the state’s inadequacies during the crisis, while resident welfare associations (RWAs) in Bengaluru primarily served the middle class and had limited impact on vulnerable populations. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study highlights key lessons that contributed to effective responses in both cities, offering policy recommendations for building resilient cities with stronger leadership. Community reactions in India and China surpassed the normal during the pandemic. Despite differences in urban regimes and political systems, Shanghai’s territorial institutions contrasted with Bengaluru’s associational approach; however local governance and community efforts significantly shaped their pandemic outcomes during the health disaster.

ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ В РАБОТЕ С КАДРОВЫМИ РЕЗЕРВАМИ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ И ОРГАНОВ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЙ СЛУЖБЫ ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ НАКАЗАНИЙ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЕЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ

The article provides theoretical justifications for the need to manage the personnel reserve, including in the public administration system. The personnel situation in the penal enforcement system is analyzed and the main problematic aspects of the formation of personnel reserves of institutions and bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia are identified, as well as proposals for improving work with personnel reserves are formulated. The topic raised is relevant due to the fact that in modern socio- economic and political conditions, the main purpose of staffing the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia is to preserve and strengthen the human resources of the penal enforcement system. In the mechanism for achieving this goal, the most important task is the formation and effective use of personnel reserves of institutions and bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia to meet the needs of the system in qualified managerial personnel in a timely manner. The analysis made it possible to substantiate a set of measures to improve work with the personnel reserve of territorial institutions and bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, including proposals to increase the salary of employees filling the positions of managers (chiefs); to stimulate employees enrolled in the personnel reserve; to increase the number of professional training programs for employees. A systematic approach to the formation and training of a reserve of senior personnel of institutions and bodies of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia will ensure the creation of an effective personnel management system of the penal system.

Between export-led growth and administrative Keynesianism: Italy’s two-tiered growth regime

ABSTRACT Comparative political economy scholarship struggles to categorise Italy’s model of capitalism between a mixed-market economy and a hybrid, stagnant economic system. To enhance our understanding of the Italian political economy, this article employs the analytical framework of growth regimes to study Italy’s regional economic systems. Our analysis indicates that Italy can hardly be defined as a ‘national growth regime’ due to the presence of two diametrically opposed regional growth regimes: Northern regions conform to a manufacturing-based, export-led growth regime supported by competitiveness-enhancing territorial institutions; southern regions conform to a particular variety of the consumption-led growth regime, that is, an administrative Keynesianism regime, which we theorise to typify a regime where growth and employment are systematically dependent on the state’s role of employer of last resort, the state’s consumption-enhancing social policies and economic forbearance of labour and corporate tax regulations. The article suggests that studying regional growth regimes is desirable when marked internal diversity in economic outcomes or productive structures exists across regions within (generally larger) countries, and when subnational governments have powers to develop major own institutions/policies in support of regional growth regimes.

Association Between Immune-Related Adverse Events and Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are few reports on the correlation between the clinical efficacy of ICIs and the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients with HCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between irAE development and survival in patients with HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. We enrolled 150 patients with advanced HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab between October 2020 and October 2021 at 5 territorial institutions. We compared the efficacy of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab between patients who experienced irAEs (irAE group) and those who did not (non-irAE group). Thirty-two patients (21.3%) developed irAEs of any grade. Grade 3/4 irAEs were observed in 9 patients (6.0%). The median progression-free survivals (PFS) in the irAE and non-irAE groups were 273 and 189 days, respectively (P = .055). The median overall survivals (OS) in the irAE and non-irAE groups were not reached and 458 days, respectively (P = .036). Grade 1/2 irAEs significantly prolonged PFS (P = .014) and OS (P = .003). Grade 1/2 irAEs were significantly associated with PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.339; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.166-0.691; P = .003) and OS (HR, 0.086; 95% CI, 0.012-0.641; P = .017) on multivariate analysis. The development of irAEs was associated with increased survival in a real-world population of patients with advanced HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. Grade 1/2 irAEs were strongly correlated with PFS and OS.

Theorising the Politics of Tourism: Global Travel and the Nation-State

Despite tourism being one of the largest industries in the world and key to the economies of many countries, there has been little effort to systematically connect the nation-state to global circuits of tourism. Most theoretical work centres around international flows of capital and issues of policy choice, sidelining how states as sovereign, territorial institutions are constructed through global travel. Using a constructivist approach to the state, the present paper redresses these gaps by building a theory of the state-tourism nexus that synthesises multiple historic and contemporary examples, demonstrating the major mechanisms connecting tourism to the global institutionalisation and positioning of states. Including both domestic and foreign travel, this theoretic illustrates how travel flows are useful for state leaders in constituting, imagining, legitimising and territorialising the nation-state. Théoriser la politique du tourisme : le tourisme international et l’État-nation

ПУТЬ ДЛИНОЙ В СТОЛЕТИЕ: ОТ БЮЛЛЕТЕНЯ "СИБАРХИВ" 1920-Х ГГ. ДО НАУЧНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО ЖУРНАЛА СИБИРСКИХ АРХИВИСТОВ "СИБИРСКИЙ АРХИВ"

The article presents results of the analysis conducted on the basis of archival materials of the bulletin “Sibarchiv” – the first in Siberia periodic information archival publication, which played an extremely important role in establishing the information exchange of archival institutions in the vast territories of the Siberian Region, in popularizing archives, attracting them to scientific work. All three and a half years’ worth of issues of the bulletin are considered in detail and the most important topics and questions raised in it since 1928 highlighted. The outstanding role of V.D. Wegman, the head of the Sibarchive in saving documentary and archival materials from plunder and destruction, in organizing provincial archival departments, in attracting scientifically erudite, dedicated archiving specialists for work in the archives of Siberia is indicated. It is shown how the experience of the bulletin “Sibarchiv” turned out to be in demand by archivists of the late 20th century – early 21st century. The examples given in the article prove that modern versions of the periodic archival press – the bulletin “Novosibirsk Archival Bulletin” and the scientific and historical electronic journal “Siberian Archive” – have absorbed interesting and effective forms and methods of work from their predecessors, revived and preserved the best traditions, remained in line with the current concerns of the professional community of historians and archivists in Siberia.

Institutions and territorial structuring: the transformation of the dairy sector in France and Germany

ABSTRACT This article develops a multiscale institutional framework to shed light on the territorial dynamics of a sector. The case of the long-term transformation of the European dairy industry shows that, within a common European regulatory system, sectoral communities are structured territorially in Germany and nationally in France. Second, a change in public policies exerts pressure not only on firms’ adaptation capacities but also on sectoral communities. Third, territorial institutions appear primary in structuring sectoral dynamics when territorial players (public, private and collective) create, pool and sustainably manage productive resources, either for integration into a wider market or for developing a local means of competing.

Актуальные вопросы оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим в дорожно-транспортных чрезвычайных ситуациях в Алтайском крае

The aim of the research was: – to elaborate organizational and methodical bases of medical evacuation for the population of the Altai region in cases of traffic accidents including emergency situations, in conditions of healthcare optimization, namely, under the process of merging of the territorial center for disaster medicine with the emergency medical aid station; – to determine starting points for further development of the Emergency Medicine Service of the Altai Krai. Materials and research methods. The statistical data of registration and reporting form no.55 “Information on the Activity of Healthcare Institution (Medical Formation) which took part in liquidation of medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies” of Altai Krai Disaster Medicine Service approved by the Order of the Ministry of Healthcare and Social Development of Russia dated February 3, 2005, no.112, and official statistical data of Altai Krai State Road Safety Department were analyzed. The sample included statistical data for 2019-2021. The study used a set of analytical and statistical methods, which made it possible to process and to analyze the data obtained, to assess the system of medical care and to develop a set of measures to improve the medical evacuation system in Altai Krai using the data about victims of traffic accidents, to predict the duration of their treatment and rehabilitation. The statistical data were processed by means of Statistica 10.0 program complex with the calculation of intensive indices, mean representativeness error (±m) and significance of differences by Fisher’s method. Results of the study and their analysis. The results of the analysis of organizational and methodological bases of medical evacuation of the population of Altai Krai in road traffic accidents in the conditions of optimization of healthcare in 2019-2021 are presented. The prospects for further development of the regional Disaster Medicine Service, directions of interdepartmental planning and conducting of special tactical exercises, which are one of the basic tools ensuring readiness of managers and personnel of territorial medical institutions for actions on liquidation of consequences of traffic accidents and emergencies, were determined. The necessity of training the population and interested persons in rendering first aid, which is carried out within the framework of the work of the training center of disaster medicine, has been substantiated.

Digital transformation: Is Covid-19 a catalyst for micro and small enterprises first steps toward innovation?

The recent Covid-19 pandemic has deeply affected the financial health of com-panies all over the globe. Small and micro enterprises are more vulnerable due to their limited financial resources and lack of specialized knowledge. This article ex-plores the impact of the pandemic on the early stage of small companies' Digital Transformation (DT), and its effect on the barriers to DT. The authors adopted an inductive qualitative approach and engaged in purposeful sampling to investigate micro and small enterprises operating in Piedmont, Italy, that were at the earliest stage of their DT journey. The final sample included 11 unique cases, involving a total of 49 interviews. The results show that the Covid-19 pandemic did not act as a catalyst to the DT of small and micro enterprises, instead sharpening the barriers to DT. The paper provides owners, managers, investors, politicians, and territorial institutions with a better understanding of the tools and initiatives that must be implemented to foster small and micro enterprises' DT. The research, due to the selected sample, is limited to small companies' personnel and to their owners' ex-periences

Lighting in Residential and Public Buildings: Major Challenges and Improvement of Control Methods

Introduction: The increase in time people spent in rooms of various functional purposes makes special demands on the quality of artificial lighting, which increasingly compensates for the lack of daylight. In 2021, Russian Sanitary Regulations and Standards SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 came into force setting new requirements for qualitative and quantitative characteristics of artificial lighting in residential and public buildings, thus necessitating improvement of instrumental control methods. Objective: To develop and substantiate requirements pertaining to organization of instrumental control, procedure and conditions for measuring lighting indicators in the premises of residential and public buildings in order to control their compliance with the updated hygienic standards. Materials and methods: We reviewed 17 regulatory documents and guidelines containing the requirements for illumination and measurement of its parameters and analyzed more than 30 proposals for lighting assessment received from 28 territorial bodies and institutions of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor). We also considered ten main issues concerning instrumental control of lighting suggested for discussion at the meetings on activities and assignments of physical laboratories of Rospotrebnadzor Centers for Hygiene and Epidemiology in 2018–2020 and issues of illumination measurement and assessment in different types of buildings posing challenge for specialists of the Inspection Body in the course of sanitary and epidemiological expert examination of measurement results. Results: We have determined method approaches to organizing and taking measurements of lighting indicators and specified the choice of monitored parameters, measuring points and conditions. Conclusion: When developing guidelines for measuring and assessing lighting inside and outside residential and public buildings, it is necessary to systematize the requirements of valid method documents, eliminate existing contradictions, and determine the choice of indicators, measuring points and conditions to be monitored.

Organizational and Functional Reassignment of a Scientific Plague Control Institution of the Rospotrebnadzor under Conditions of Coronavirus Infection Pandemic

The aim of the work was to summarize the experience of the Rostov-on-Don Research Anti-Plague Institute in the organizational and functional response aimed at ensuring the implementation of a complex of on-going and scheduled anti-epidemic (preventive) measures at different territorial levels in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Stage-wise reassignment of scientific and operational subdivisions of the facility was carried out in a timely manner in a flexible mode for a prompt response to the challenges that arose from community transmission of the new coronavirus infection in the territory of the Russian Federation. It allowed an effective distribution of the forces and assets without damage for specialized functioning in the main areas of scientific and practical activities. Realized was an effective interdepartmental interaction with territorial scientific and practical institutions of the Rospotrebnadzor and specialized medical organizations. Practical, methodological and advisory assistance was provided to personnel of specialized medical institutions within the framework of conversing in-patient facilities into hospitals for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Priority research to study the level of the humoral and cellular immune response to SARS-CoV-2 among the population of the Rostov Region, the etiological spectrum of the causative agents of community-acquired pneumonia associated with COVID-19, full genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 isolates was carried out. Specialists of the task forces reinforced human resources of individual laboratory facilities in Moscow city, the Republic of Crimea and the Rostov Region. Complex objective of effective functioning has been implemented: in an operational mode – participation in anti-epidemic (preventive) measures in the face of changes in the dynamics and intensity of the epidemic manifestations of new coronavirus infection; in scheduled mode – the implementation of activities in the main areas of the scientific work of the organization.

Перспективы переоснащения пожарно-спасательных подразделений пожарными автомобилями

PURPOSE. The article deals with the age and model composition of the fire truck fleet in fire and rescue units. The dynamics of changes in the age composition of the fire truck fleet in the period from 2011 to 2021 has been studied. Simulating the dynamics of changes in the fire truck fleet has been carried out, taking into account the approved program for technical re-equipment of the units of EMERCOM of Russia with fire, rescue, special and aircraft equipment until 2030. The relevance of the issue of restructuring the fire truck fleet of EMERCOM of Russia has been confirmed and ways for further development of the regulatory support for the process of fire truck fleet management have been determined. METHODS. Using the method of graphical simulation, the dynamics of changes in the share of modern vehicles in the fire truck fleet has been described, considering the arrival of new samples. Analysing the available data, systemic problems related to the age and model composition of the fire truck fleet, which cannot be solved at the level of territorial bodies and institutions, have been identified. FINDINGS. The author of found that the share of fire trucks with the service life up to 10 years had decreased from 38.6 % to 24.1 % in the period from 2011 to 2021. Thus, if measures to replace aging vehicles from the fleet are not taken during the planned re-equipment, the share of these fire trucks in 2030 will be 34.3 %, which is below the level of 2011. But, if the authorities organise systematic work to replace aging fire trucks, that have no prospects for further use, the proportion of vehicles with the service life up to 10 years will reach 40.5 % by 2030. Proposals to improve the regulatory support for the process of fire truck fleet management aimed at optimizing its age composition have been developed. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The obtained results can be used in the practical activities of the governing bodies of EMERCOM of Russia and also in the development of legal acts regulating movable property replacement. CONCLUSIONS. The ways to develop the regulatory support for the fire truck fleet management process proposed in the article, which are based on the analysis of the fire truck fleet, are aimed at increasing the readiness of fire and rescue units to act as intended, and can be implemented by amending the current regulatory legal acts of EMERCOM of Russia regulating movable property management concerns.

ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ В ПОЛИТИКЕ РЕИНДУСТРИАЛИЗАЦИИ: КЕЙС ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПАРКОВ ОБЛАСТЕЙ ЦФО

The purpose of the article is to consider the role of industrial and industrial parks as territorial institutions in overcoming the consequences of deindustrialization, as well as in the implementation of reindustrialization and new industrialization strategies by the re-gions of the Russian Federation. Special em-phasis is placed on the mass phenomenon of industrial and industrial parks as drivers of institutional changes in the industrial com-plex of the macroregion of Central Russia. At least 17 regions of the Central Federal Dis-trict, the author proposed a classification of regions by the level of industrial develop-ment, which is significantly influenced by the institute of industrial and industrial parks. The article presents an algorithm of collective actions of government structures and the management of territorial development institutions to ensure consistent institutional changes. These changes, in turn, either return the industrial status to the subjects of the Russian Federation, lost in the process of deindustrialization, or strengthen the existing industrial status of regional territories.

Activities of the international association of fire and rescue services (CTIF) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Purpose. The article provides information on the results of the activities of the International Association of Fire and Rescue Services СTIF for 2021. The main purpose of the article is to familiarize specialists whose activities are related to fire safety and fire extinguishment with the work of an international organization and the participation of the Russian National Committee in it. Methods. The main research methods are the analysis and comparison of information obtained during the interaction of specialists of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the working groups and commissions of CTIF. Findings. Speaking about the work of CTIF, we can say with confidence that during the period of restrictive measures related to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the International Association was able to continue and organize work in videoconference mode on various platforms, to hold a meeting of the General Assembly of Delegates in a hybrid format. Interaction with the fire and rescue services of CTIF member countries was carried out, scientific developments in the field of fire safety were exchanged, new relevant information was obtained. Research application field. The results obtained are recommended for implementation in the work of territorial bodies, structural divisions, educational and scientific institutions of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Conclusions. The scale, significance and duration of the participation of the National Committee of Russia in CTIF confirm the relevance and prospects for further mutually beneficial work, involving a wider range of interested Russian specialists.

The Impact of Higher Education Institutions in Low-Density Territories

This article highlights the relevance of the location of HEIs in low-density territories in Portugal, using the Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre as a case study. Based on the American Council Education model and following a surveying approach to faculty, staff, and students, this research accounts for the total spending of incoming academics, other nonlocal university members and their visitors, that positively impacts regional development. A demand-side approach was followed so that indirect and induced effects could also be estimated. The main aim of this research paper is to quantify the total impact arising from the location of the Polytechnic in a given region, measured by economic and social indicators such as the financial return from public funds invested in the region, the number of jobs created, and the impact on the local gross domestic product. The results show an impact of more than EUR 17 million in the territory where the Polytechnic operates, representing 3.68% of the local GDP. The institution was also found to be the third major employer in the region, responsible for the creation of 471 jobs that account for 2.25% of the local economically active population.

Economic policy formation mechanism for energy efficiency area

Theoretical and practical aspects of elaborating the modern mechanism for developing the economic policy of Ukraine in the energy efficiency sphere are investigated in the article. The article aimed at developing a mechanism for the formation of an energy efficiency economic policy due to Ukraine’s European integration orientation and the purpose of reducing the energy intensity of the gross domestic product. The research was carried out using the methods of deduction and induction, system analysis. The clarification of the principles, tasks, objects and subjects, methodological bases for elaborating the mechanism for the formation of an economic policy of energy efficiency made. It has been substantiated that the strategic goals of the economic policy of energy efficiency should be the following: reducing the level of energy dependence; development and implementation of the technologies for transforming the energy of photosynthesis into industrial production; implementation and further development of diversification of sources and conditions for the supply of energy resources; reduction of consumption of non-renewable fuel and energy resources; implementation of advanced technologies for transporting heat from the source to the consumer; achieving suitable levels of power supply reliability and energy security; reduction of the environmental pollution by the enterprises in the energy complex. The necessity of combining the priority principles of ensuring energy efficiency and institutional partnership for building a mechanism for forming an economic policy of energy efficiency has been proved. The necessity of mutual using the traditional economic instruments for stimulating energy efficiency and instruments for strengthening the role of regional educational institutions in the processes of ensuring energy security and increasing energy efficiency at the local and regional levels were grounded. The mentioned above has practical value. It involves the addition of key functions and tasks of universities and implies the creation of special competitive centers for energy audit and energy saving at the universities, as well as the implementation of special bachelor’s and master’s programs (including double degree programs), advanced training programs devoted to the energy efficiency and energy saving; strengthening of institutional interaction between regional authorities and local government, business agents and territorial communities, regional HEI and research institutions. The mechanism for the formation of an economic policy of energy efficiency developed based on the systematization of the implementation results of the energy efficiency programs by developed countries, in particular, the European Union member states. The possibilities for the implementation of models, tools and mechanisms, due to the existing legislative framework, the level of economic development and resource potential of Ukraine were grounded.

Environmental risks for children oral health in Low Danube region

The study was aimed to assess the environmental risks for children oral health in Low Danube region.Material and methods. The study was conducted in 2011-2021. Information on the state of drinking water, the level of environmental safety of food, qualitative and quantitative composition of food was obtained from the reports of territorial institutions of the sanitary-epidemiological service of Odessa region. Actual nutrition was assessed using standard questionnaires. The assessment of the level of environmental and hygienic safety was based on the recommendations of the EPA. Statistical processing was performed by methods of analysis of variance and correlation using specialized software Statistica 10.0.Results. Excessive carbohydrate intake and excessive nitrate load are the main environmental risk factors for dental pathology in children living in the Danube region. Qualitative composition of diets plays a bigger role than mineral composition of drinking water.Conclusion. 1. Drinking water of suboptimal mineral composition was consumed by 41.7% of people, high content of refined carbohydrates was inherent in the diets of 63.0% of surveyed children.2. Children’s diet is characterized with subdeficiency of B vitamins, excessive consumption of refined carbohydrates and a significant nitrate load.

Переформатирование геополитического пространства и институциональные трансформации (на примере Балтийского региона)

This article adopts the historical neo-institutional approach to analyse the dissolution of the Livonian Confederation and the ensuing reshaping of the Baltic region in the 16th-19th centuries. These historical events are employed to describe the post-bifurcation incorporation of a society in a different social system. Several inclusion models are identified. The centralised model suggests that the incorporated society reproduces the institutions of the incorporating society. Modified institutions are transplanted to the incorporated society within the quasi-centralised model, whilst only selected modified institutions are transferred within the autonomist one. The author analyses the mechanisms playing a part in state mergers and emphasises their dependence on the institutional environment of the incorporating society. For instance, a part of Livonia was incorporated in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (PLC) through transplanting PLC institutions, primarily political ones, to the newly acquired territories. To this end, a mechanism was developed to encourage cooperation from the nobility without further stratification. Sweden, however, acted on the autonomist model when incorporating Estland and Livland. Economic, political, and socio-cultural institutions, many of which were of hybrid type, were transplanted, whilst socialisation mechanisms and incentives applied to a wider section of the population. The Russian approach, which had at its core security considerations, combined autonomist elements (establishment of hybrid institutions in the new territories) and centralised components (propagation of Russian imperial institutions). The merger mechanisms included the creation of an Ostsee estate system and incentives for the higher estates coupled with repressions against commoners. Overall, the nature of state mergers and institutional transplantations depends on whether the incorporated territories have had a history of statehood, another significant factor being the degree of similarity between the institutions of the acquired territories and the metropole.

Procedures for modeling of territorial secondary education institutions of Uzbekistan

Procedures for modeling of territorial secondary education institutions of Uzbekistan

Форми взаємодії закладу вищої освіти з територіальними громадами

The article raises the issue of interaction of higher education institutions with territorial communities in the conditions of decentralization. foreign experience of interaction of higher educational institutions with territorial communities are disclosed. The features of interaction of higher educational institutions with territorial communities in foreign countries are characterized. It has been established that the use of the positive foreign experience of interaction of higher educational institutions with territorial communities is promising for Ukraine. Ensuring cooperation between the university and local communities involves certain forms of interaction The authors identified the main forms of interaction between a higher education institution and territorial communities of the socio-economic development of territorial communities; of the cultural and sports life of the community; of Education; of cooperation of the university with local authorities; volunteer activity. Interaction of territorial communities and higher education institutions is the way of important changes in communities, educational institutions and society in general, which is the main advantage of business associations.