Territorial Capital Research Articles

Territorial capital in local economic endogenous development

AbstractThis paper aims at describing the concept of territorial capital, understanding its importance, originality and limitations in local economic endogenous development. After providing a critical review of this concept, a qualitative analysis conducted in a province of the South of Italy attempts to illustrate the nature and operation of territorial capital through the lens of small firms' owners and managers. The analysis reveals that the valorization of territorial capital is a factor of competitiveness which is also able to generate non‐economic values. However, not all places have the right preconditions to trigger a process of endogenous development effectively. In such cases, a more integrated approach, which combines both endogenous and exogenous forces, and targets complementary elements of territorial capital at the same time, is required to uncap the local development potential fully.

Regional Development in Russia: An Ecosystem Approach to Territorial Sustainability Assessment

The current crisis has indicated the need to review the policy of economic growth and globalization towards the search for new sustainable models of the internal territory development able to resist external shocks and threats. To achieve this goal, it is required both to implement sustainability strategies, and to assess the obtained results towards sustainable development. Despite an abundance of literature on sustainability assessment, there is a lack of understanding of the application of sustainability assessment in regional/local contexts. The purpose of the article is to improve theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of territorial (regional) ecosystems by developing a new approach to assessing its sustainability. We believe that territorial ecosystem sustainability assessment is possible through the entropy of a complex system composed of the entropies of its constituent ecosystems or the entropies of different types of territorial capital (human, production, natural). An application of the entropy approach allows to understand specific features of a particular ecosystem characteristics. We demonstrate our methodology with two empirical case studies of territorial ecosystems of Penza and Vladimir regions. As a result of the analysis, it was found that ecosystem’s sustainability is achieved, primarily, due to the natural capital of the territory. The methodology proposed in our study aims at ensuring comprehensiveness and robustness of the evaluation supporting the decision-making process.

Regional disparities and industrial structure: territorial capital and productivity in Italian firms

ABSTRACT The role of territorial capital (TC) on the productivity of Italian firms is investigated by constructing indicators for eight dimensions of TC in a first attempt to capture a wide variety of regional resources. When imposing homogeneous TC effects on all firms, it is found that technological, social, institutional, financial and infrastructure capital drive productivity. However, only technological and artistic capital contribute to reduce regional disparities. Across industries, financial capital and infrastructure increase productivity in companies operating in a wide range of sectors. Industrial policies should consider sectoral heterogeneity and north–south differences to effectively boost productivity performance.

Valorizacija teritorijalnog kapitala u funkciji razvoja ruralnog turizma - studija slučaja opštine Kneževo

The main goal of the research presented in the paper is to analyse the current state and level of development of rural area, in Kneževo municipality, as well as to define the possibilities of development of certain forms of rural tourism based on the territorial capital. In other words, the capital of space consists of natural and created capital. For the purposes of the valorisation of tourist potentials, the qualitative-quantitative methodology of the World Tourism Organization was used, which includes conducting a survey using standard forms of a questionnaire. Based on this survey, resource scoring was performed according to all external and internal factors, i.e. criteria. According to the results of the research, the indicator of tourist value for Kneževo municipality is estimated with 98.74 points out of a possible 400 points, or 25% of its potential tourist value.

1889: The Boomer Movement, the Land Run, and Early Oklahoma City by Michael J. Hightower

Reviewed by: 1889: The Boomer Movement, the Land Run, and Early Oklahoma City by Michael J. Hightower Douglas A. Hurt 1889: The Boomer Movement, the Land Run, and Early Oklahoma City. By Michael J. Hightower. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2018. Pp. xvi, 328. $24.95, ISBN 978-0-8061-6070-2.) The land runs and lotteries that brought thousands of Euro-American settlers into Oklahoma Territory remain in the collective memory of the state’s residents. From monuments and memorials to the use of the term Sooners (individuals who attempted to illegally claim land before the official opening) as the University of Oklahoma’s nickname to yearly elementary school reenactments of land runs, the unique settlement history of Oklahoma is frequently celebrated. Michael J. Hightower adds to our understanding of this period in 1889: The Boomer Movement, the Land Run, and Early Oklahoma City, an account of the decades-long push to open the central part of the state to non-Native settlement that resulted in the Unassigned Lands run and a period of rapid urbanization at the townsite that became Oklahoma City. Hightower divides 1889 into three parts. He first focuses on boomer (advocates for the non-Native settlement of Oklahoma) designs to settle Indian Territory in the 1870s and 1880s, including more than a dozen significant expeditions to homestead in Oklahoma without federal approval. The second [End Page 196] section relates events immediately surrounding the April 22, 1889, Unassigned Lands run that resulted in tens of thousands of people claiming land in central Oklahoma. Finally, Hightower chronicles the urban development of Oklahoma City that followed the run, as the location quickly evolved from a railroad stop into an upstart city. Throughout the book, Hightower links the opening of Oklahoma to non-Native populations to the larger context of American Gilded Age economic inequalities and a political environment that consistently favored the connected few over the majority of less fortunate Americans. Various geopolitical actors, such as the cattle industry, railroad corporations, American Indians, state legislatures, federal government officials, and the boomer movement led by David L. Payne and William L. Couch, played a role in facilitating, or hindering, settlement of public lands in central Oklahoma. Various sources, including archival material from multiple facilities and period newspapers, are used to build Hightower’s historical narrative. Unlike other popular representations of Oklahoma land runs, which focus on rural settlement and agricultural homesteading in the state, Hightower concentrates on townsite development and the rapid evolution of cities. Using Oklahoma City as a case study, he outlines the chaotic political environment after the land run, frequent disputes over property rights, the widespread violence and lawlessness in the city, contacts with nearby Native people, and the competition with Guthrie, Oklahoma, over which town would be the territorial (and later state) capital. The roles of early Oklahoma City leaders like Charles F. Colcord, Henry Overholser, and Angelo C. Scott in shaping the urban area are highlighted. Frequent use of historical images of early Oklahoma scenes and individuals adds to Hightower’s written descriptions. On multiple occasions, historical events are linked to modern locations, businesses, and landmarks in and around Oklahoma City. However, the one original map in the book is not detailed enough to orient readers, particularly those who are unfamiliar with the modern metropolitan area, to these places. A large-scale map of Oklahoma City would have enhanced the written analysis in 1889. Otherwise, 1889 is a welcome addition to the existing literature on the historical development of Oklahoma. Written in an accessible and engaging style, the book will be useful in undergraduate and graduate seminars and should be well received by nonacademics wishing to better understand the political and economic context of opening Oklahoma to non-Native people. Hightower’s account of the contested settlement of the Unassigned Lands within the larger political and economic context of the Gilded Age offers new interpretations of the history of Oklahoma. Douglas A. Hurt University of Missouri Copyright © 2020 The Southern Historical Association

BYSUNESS-ECOSYSTEM CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT

The purpose of the article is to define an innovative concept of sustainable management based on the analysis of the institutional configuration of business ecosystem entities. The concept of sustainable (SUST) management is outlined as the creation of conditions for multi-entity management of territorial capital on the basis of digital platform technologies and the principles of partnership between government, business and the population. The institutional configuration of territorial business ecosystems is analyzed. It is determined that the business-ecosystem organization of economic activity is a flexible and dynamic system that creates opportunities for the integration of natural resources into economic circulation in territorial communities. It is established that there is a need for a radical restructuring of the institutional configuration of the spatial management system of natural resources in the direction of creating a system of multi-entity management of territorial capital. The main institutions and institutes of the spatial system of natural resources management of the territorial business ecosystem are outlined, in the field of local government, public-private partnership, corporate-platform and structural-project management, etc., within which economic actors of business ecosystems are endowed with appropriate functions and powers.. The structure of the business-ecosystem concept of sustainable management is detailed, including the basic formats of institutionalization of territorial assets management, informational and communicational platform component and management mechanisms of sustainable management, which are focused on creating a system of multi-entity management of sustainable development of territorial communities. Basic formats and forms of institutionalization of territorial assets management in the conditions of decentralization of power are proposed, including communication platforms of collaborative interactions between public authorities, business and population, as well as a set of mechanisms of structural and project management of sustainable development of territorial communities.

Ocena wizerunku miasta – na podstawie opinii mieszkańców Szczecina

Positive image of a city and a country translates into all the economic spheres of both the territorial units themselves and the businesses operating within their area. Employing the instruments used by the companies is an indispensable factor of development and competitiveness. The key to success in the competitive marketplace of cities is taking premeditated and strategic decisions intended to build up an attractive image of a city. Knowledge of the users’ emotional attitude towards the space seems to be a key factor from the perspective of developing and implementing strategies of growth of the cities and regions, including the creation of their images, considered one of the elements of the widely understood territorial capital. The image of a city is shaped by an individual, depending of their own demographic-social features. The purpose of the article is presentation of the opinions of the Szczecin inhabitants concerning the image of their city. The article describes the results of the study carried out with the use of an electronic survey on a representative sample of the Szczecin inhabitants. The knowledge of the opinions and judgments of the Szczecin inhabitants plays a key role in creating the strategic marketing actions of Szczecin, particularly the activation of the local communities, communication of the authorites with the inhabitants, promotion of the city achievements or building up its image.

The Transformative Effect of Investments in Territorial Capital on Poverty Reduction: Evidence from Rural Mexico

Within the rural development debate, there has been increasing call for a stronger territorial focus that emphasizes the utilization and development of local resources along with the demands of community members. This study evaluates the impact of a poverty reduction program on two well-being dimensions: income and consumption in education and health. The empirical analysis uses a primary dataset of 2,234 beneficiary and non-beneficiary households residing in rural areas of Mexico. The results offer valuable insights on how poverty reduction programs can improve the well-being level in the targeted communities through capability-building interventions linked to investments in two forms of territorial capital, namely human capital and productive assets.

Technologies for designing spatial development of an industrial metropolis

Many of industrial cities in the world still retain their unique industrial status, choosing a more complex path of development that requires much greater financial efforts. Specifics of the structure of their economies imposes additional requirements on forecasting spatial location of places of employment. The paper focuses on making a projection of the development of a large metropolis, where industrial sector takes a significant share of the economy. The research specifies the contradictions of the long-term development of the industrial metropolis, which become scenario forks in forecasting, namely, optimisation of industrial and trade and service sectors of the economy, ratio of inertial to innovative vectors of development, variability of migration flows and choice of an agglomeration model. Methodologically, the paper justifies principles of spatial development of an industrial metropolis, such as the principle of polycentricity, the principle of the comfortable environment and the principle of accumulation of territorial capital. The authors describe a toolkit for forecasting spatial location of places of employment based on a set of models (gravity models, models of settlement, models of discrete choice and models for assessing the economic efficiency of territorial capital), which involves the level of localisation of economic activities, density of economic activities, localisation of economic efficiency of space and transport accessibility of places of employment. The study considers the case of Ekaterinburg, one of the largest industrial metropolises in Russia, and justifies the scenarios for its development until 2035, forecasting spatial distribution of industrial and trade and service sectors, the two sectors of the economy competing for investments.

The Geography of Territorial Capital in the European Union: a Map and Several Policy Issues

This paper investigates the territorial capital endowments across European regions. Data are collected at NUTS 2 level for all European regions, for the most recent year available, for several indicators that measure different components of territorial capital. Our evidence reveals several patterns of regional economic development, with specific configurations of the territorial assets, which further shed light on the connection between location, competitiveness and development.

Soft Factors of Economic Security

The importance of economic security has increased considerably in the last decades. It can be separated into the following two parts: security of ordinary operation and security of long-term development. In this article we are going to be dealing with the latter, especially the so-called soft factors which make up the basis of it. These factors are the human capital, social capital and territorial capital. With the assistance of the tree model of competitiveness, we are going to demonstrate how important these factors are from the aspect of long-term economic development and social stability. Since the means of altering them is quite difficult and slow, developing them requires a continuous, well-considered, conscious strategy.

An Exploratory Analysis of the Territorial Capital and Economic Growth: Evidence From Romania

An Exploratory Analysis of the Territorial Capital and Economic Growth: Evidence From Romania

Intelligent Development of the Countryside – The Concept of Smart Villages: Assumptions, Possibilities and Implementation Limitations

Summary Subject and purpose of work: The article presents the concept of smart villages formulated in EU documents. Its purpose is to characterize the concept of smart villages - its assumptions, possibilities and implementation limitations. Materials and methods: Literature studies and the analysis of documents. Results: A comparative analysis of the smart villages and smart city concept was performed. The theoretical foundations and the determinants of its implementation were discussed. Conclusions: The concept of smart villages provides an answer to the search for ways of implementing the concept of sustainable development. The concept is in the initial phase of its formulation and application. It is intended to strengthen the territorial capital of the countryside, while social and technological innovations are a tool for its implementation. Among the barriers to implementing this concept the following ones have to be mentioned: low openness of the rural community to change, low innovation capacity and low level of social capital, low capacity of the local markets, spatial distance, poorly developed transport and communication network.

EU regional development policy and territorial capital: A systemic approach

AbstractThe territorial capital of regions is an important determinant of growth, but also of the impact of EU Cohesion Policy. First, because it can act as a filter, enhancing the impact of regional policies. Second, the latter can help building territorial capital which, in turn, will foster regional development. This work analyses the medium and long‐run relationship between the territorial capital of EU NUTS 3 regions and Cohesion Policy using data from the programming period 2000–2006. Results point out complementarities between different territorial assets of regions and the impact of EU regional policy: Cohesion Policy effectiveness is higher when investments are focused on the assets complementary to those already abundant in the region.

Features of human capital in urban territories

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the agglomeration processes in Russia that are associated with the transition from the industrial phase to the post-industrial phase of the urbanization. Comparative analysis of results of transition processes in Perm and Yekaterinburg areas is given. Special attention is paid to human capital agglomeration, which is regarded as a component of territorial capital. The calculations of human capital of agglomerated areas in general and of centers of agglomerated areas are carried out. The article contains conclusions on the relationship of human capital as a tangible asset of a big city with the development of specific social capital of the city, aimed at active policy of urbanization. As a theoretical framework it is proposed to use the territorial capital theory.Keywords: urbanization; agglomeration; human capital; territorial capital

Interaction between Territorial Capital and Family Businesses

The purpose of the study is to investigate the interaction between the territorial capital of a region and the family businesses operating there. In order to obtain a comprehensive picture about the interaction between family businesses and certain elements of territorial capital. On one hand, the study is based on the scientific literature of research areas and the previous research. On the other hand, two business studies are demonstrated based on deep interviews with the successors of the family businesses. The study gives an example of the social and cultural impacts of territorial capital on family businesses and the growing power of family businesses in terms of territorial capital. There is a strong interaction between corporate regional involvement and embedding and territorial capital.

The territorial capital of urban functional areas as a challenge for regional development policy: An outline of the concept

Objective: In this article Urban Functional Areas (UFAs) and their essence of matter and leading qualities are considered through the prism of theoretical concepts such as transaction costs, the concept of territorial capital and the space of flows with connection to the network economy. Research Design & Methods: Each theoretical concept prompts its own group of intervention instruments in the processes of territorial development. On this basis the authors focus on explanation of the possibility of public intervention in the functioning and development of urban functional areas. Contribution / Value Added: This article has a theoretical character but formulates general basis for elaboration of integrated development policy on the level of local self-government co-operation. Finding and recommendations: The authors show that the territorial authorities and enterprises in Urban Functional Areas should integrate their development policies around the new quality resource in the form of territorial capital. The territorial capital in UFAs of modern economies becomes the most important source of building long-lasting competitive advantages for businesses. (original abstract)

Territorial Capital and Regional Development: an Analysis of Two Hungarian Districts

Territorial Capital and Regional Development: an Analysis of Two Hungarian Districts

Effective Clusters as Territorial Performance Engines in a Regional Development Strategy - A Triple-Layer DEA Assessment of the Aviation Valley in Poland

Regional development policy aims to cope with the challenge of spatial disparities. It is based on a smart combination of various critical capital assets in a region which functionally and spatially interact and which yield synergetic economic opportunities and promising challenges for innovation and progress. The present study regards sustainable territorial performance – as a manifestation of regional development – as the overarching principle for competitive advantages and economic growth in a system of regions, which is particularly induced by territorial capital, comprising human capital, infrastructural capital and social capital. In the long-standing tradition of regional development policy a wide variety of effective facilitators or drivers of accelerated spatial growth has been distinguished, for instance, industrial districts, growth poles, growth centers, industrial complexes, special economic zones, communication axes, and so forth. In the past decades, a new concept has been introduced, viz. economic-technological clusters. An avalanche of literature has been published on the conceptual, operational and policy foundation and relevance of this concept, especially in relation to previously developed regional growth concepts. In this paper, clusters will be regarded as the spatial foci of sustainable territorial performance strategies and synergetic actions by both public and private actors. The present paper aims to address the relevance of cluster concepts for an effective regional development policy, based on the above notion of territorial capital. It does so by introducing a new concept, viz. effective cluster, in which spatial-economic synergy, local/regional concentration of industry, and the supporting role of territorial capital are regarded as the main determinants of a highly performing cluster in a given territory. The effective cluster concept will be tested on the basis of a field study on the aviation and aerospace cluster ‘Dolina Lotnicza’ in the Podkarpackie region in South-East Poland. This is one of the most vibrant high-tech clusters in thecountry. A new approach based on a triple-layer architecture will be adopted here, viz.: a quantitative comparative analysis of the 16 Polish ‘voivodships’ (main administrative regions in the country, at a NUTS-2 level), a benchmark analysis of the 25 counties (‘powiats’) within the Podkarpackie voivodship (at a NUTS-4 level), and an effective industrial cluster analysis on the basis of the individual aviation firms located in the Podkarpackie region. In each step an extended Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), characterised by a merger of a Slack-Based Measure (SMB) and a super-efficiency (SE) DEA, will be used in order to achieve an unambiguous ranking of the various regions or Decision Making Units (DMUs). The study will employ an extensive database on individual actors in the cluster, in combination with a broadly composed territorial-capital database for the areas under study. The paper will be concluded with some strategic policy lessons.

Impacts of innovation, productivity and specialization on tourism competitiveness – a spatial econometric analysis on European regions

Tourism is clearly a place-based activity, while in many advanced economies it is increasingly becoming a knowledge-based activity, with a high potential for the development of practice- and place-based innovation strategies. This study analyses whether and how regional systems of innovation influence the competiveness of tourism destinations in Europe. Impacts of both traditional production factors (physical and human capital), productivity, specialization and other contextual variables – related to the territorial capital of each region – on regional tourism performance of 237 European regions (NUTS 2) are analysed over a period of 8 years, using advanced techniques for spatial econometric analysis. The results reveal lower levels of productivity in those regions where tourism services are more labour intensive, while regions where education, innovation and productivity demonstrate higher levels are those where gross value added in tourism is less important for the regional economy. Policy implications are discussed, taking into consideration the principles for smart specialisation strategies in European regions and the possibility for cross-border regional cooperation. This work also confirms the research potential of spatial econometric analysis – and in particular spatial autocorrelation techniques – for tourism studies.