Ternary Nitrate Research Articles

Electrical conductance and viscosity of solutions of water in a ternary nitrate melt containing cadmium ions at high concentration

Recently, some equations have been proposed to express the fluidity and the equivalent electrical conductance of fused salt-water systems, over large concentration ranges. However, none of the systems studied until now, contained plurivalent ions at mole fractions higher than 0.12. As a new step, measurements of electrical conductance and viscosity of a salt-water system, whose salt mole composition is 0.467 TINO 3−0.214 CsNO 3−0.319 Cd(NO 3) 2, were made from anhydrous salt to dilute aqueous solutions, at 110°C. We found that the proposed equations reflect, in a satisfactory manner, the presence in the melt of a divalent cation at high concentration.

High-temperature stability of ternary nitrate molten salts for solar thermal energy systems

Molten salts that melt at low temperature and are stable at high temperature would be very useful for solar thermal energy applications. We have investigated the chemical stability of low-melting, ternary molten salt mixtures of NaNO 3, KNO 3 and either Ca(NO 3) 2 or LiNO 3 and determined the types of decomposition products formed under equilibrium conditions. The initial decomposition reaction, nitrate ⇆ nitrite + oxygen, proceeds to approximately the same extent in ternary mixtures as in an equimolar binary mixture of NaNO 3 and KNO 3. Decomposition at high temperature was due to reactions of nitrite and nitrate that yield oxide ions. The latter reactions were strongly dependent on the composition of ternary mixtures and it was found that mixtures containing lithium nitrate were more stable than those containing calcium nitrate. Although ternary mixtures are less stable than the binary mixture, they appear to be useable at relatively high temperatures.

Equilibrium Constants of the Nitrate/Nitrite/Oxygen Reaction in Molten Ternary Nitrate Salt Mixtures

Equilibrium Constants of the Nitrate/Nitrite/Oxygen Reaction in Molten Ternary Nitrate Salt Mixtures

Refractive indices of a molten ternary nitrate system from 218 to 400�C

Refractive indices of a certain molten nitrate mixture measured goniometrically with visible light at nine wavelengths, varied linearly with temperature at a given wavelength. Dispersion phenomenon was also observed at a fixed temperature. Electronic polarizability was determined using the refractive index extrapolated to infinite wavelength and the semiclassical Clausius-Mossotti equation.

Cation Mobilities in Molten Binary and Ternary Nitrate Mixtures

Cation Mobilities in Molten Binary and Ternary Nitrate Mixtures

Electrical conductance of ionic liquids with water contents in the range 0-80 mole%

Measurements of electrical conductance and density in a ternary alkali Nitrate + nitrite eutectic system with water contents from 0 up to 82 mole % have been determined over a temperature range determined by ebullition at the upper limit and crystallization at the lower. The results, which are believed representative for salt-water systems, have been interpreted according to equations containing the "ideal glass" transition temperature as a key parameter, and the dependence on water content of this and other parameters in the equations has been assessed. The composition of the specific conductance maximum has been interpreted in terms of characteristic behaviour of the "ideal glass" transition temperature in aqueous solutions at 4-6N concentrations.

Liquid‐liquid equilibrium in inorganic nitrate‐water‐organic solvent systems

AbstractLiquid‐liquid equilibrium data at 25° are presented for the ternary systems formed by cupric, cobalt and zinc nitrates, water and the solvents n‐butanol and pentanol and also for the systems nickel nitrate‐water‐n‐butanol and cobalt nitrate‐nickel nitrate‐water‐n‐butanol. Correlations are developed for relating the compositions and solute concentrations in the phases in equilibrium for ternary nitrate systems by empirical equations based on the thermodynamic equilibrium relationship. Equilibrium data in the system cobalt nitrate‐nickel nitrate‐water‐n‐butanol can be predicted from relationships based on the ternary correlations.