Ternary Mixtures Of Poly Research Articles

Solubility on tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate effect for the poly[tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate] in supercritical carbon dioxide and dimethyl ether

In this work, the phase behavior for a binary and ternary mixture of polymer with a tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA) repeating unit in supercritical conditions were investigated experimentally and theoretically. High-pressure solubility data for the THFA in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) fluid were presented over a broad temperature range from 313.2 K to 393.2 K and up to a pressure of 21.86 MPa. The cloud-point measurements in binary and ternary mixtures for poly(tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate) [PTHFA] + THFA or dimethyl ether (DME) in supercritical CO2 were carried out up to 456.2 K and 255.34 MPa. When THFA and DME were added as cosolvents the cloud-point for PTHFA + CO2 fluid shifted a lower pressure. The PC-SAFT model was applied to describe the phase behavior for all experimental results, which were adequately modeled. Through theoretical investigation with the PC-SAFT model, it was found that the strong interaction between polymer and CO2 causes wide one fluid for the PTHFA/CO2/THFA system, and the interactions between CO2 and DME molecules have strong effects on the phase behavior for the PTHFA/CO2/DME system.

Phase behaviors for the poly(2-phenylethyl methacrylate) in supercritical fluid solvents: Experiment and PC-SAFT EoS

In this work, the experimental cloud-points in the binary and ternary mixtures for poly(2-phenylethyl methacrylate) [P(2-PEMA)] solutions containing supercritical solvents (i.e., carbon dioxide, propylene, 1-butene, dimethyl ether (DME)) are carried out up to 473K and 224MPa. According to the amount of cosolvent (i.e., DME), the cloud-point curves for ternary mixtures of P(2-PEMA) in supercritical solvents (i.e., carbon dioxide, propylene, 1-butene) show the changes from upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior to lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. The PC-SAFT equation of state is applied to correlate the phase behaviors of all experimental systems, and the calculated results are shown as a reasonable agreement with experimental data. According to the amount of DME (i.e., cosolvent), the UCST- and LCST-type phase behaviors are described exactly by PC-SAFT EoS with one adjustable binary interaction parameter on which the effect of temperature and/or cosolvent amount is not considered.

Phase Behavior for the Poly(phenyl methacrylate) and Phenyl Methacrylate in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Dimethyl Ether

Experimental data up to 463.1 K and 269.14 MPa are revealed for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(phenyl methacrylate) [P(PhMA)] + carbon dioxide (CO2) + phenyl methacrylate (PhMA) and P(PhMA) + CO2 + dimethyl ether (DME) systems. The cloud-point pressure for the P(PhMA) + CO2 + PhMA system is measured with the variations of temperature, and PhMA weight fraction of 39.4, 45.8, 54.2, 59.9, and 62.1 wt %. In 62.1 wt % PhMA to the solution of P(PhMA) + carbon dioxide, the cloud-point phase behaviors are shown the typical lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In addition, the effect by cosolvents concentration for the P(PhMA) + CO2 + DME system is investigated at temperature to 453.9 K and pressure range from 52.24 to 80.86 MPa. The cloud point curve for P(PhMA) + CO2 + DME systems is shifted from LCST region to upper critical solution temperature (UCST) region according to the increase of DME concentration. We report experimental data of the PhMA + CO2 system at high pressures range from 6.24 to 24.9...

Experimental measurement of cloud-point and bubble-point for the {poly(isobornyl methacrylate) + supercritical solvents + co-solvent} system at high pressure

Experimental cloud-point data of binary and ternary mixtures for poly(isobornyl methacrylate) [P(IBnMA), Mw=100,000 and 550,000] in supercritical carbon dioxide, dimethyl ether (DME), propane, propylene, butane and 1-butene have been studied experimentally using a high pressure variable volume view cell. These systems show the phase behaviour over a temperature range from (323 to 466)K and pressure up to 276MPa. The cloud-point curves for the {P(IBnMA)+CO2+isobornyl methacrylate (IBnMA)} are measured in changes of the pressure–temperature (p,T) slope, and with co-solvent concentrations of (39.4 to 71.2)wt.%. P(IBnMA) does not dissolve in CO2 up to a temperature of 503K and a pressure of 290MPa. The location of the {P(IBnMA)+CO2} cloud-point curve shifts to lower temperatures and pressures when DME is added to the {P(IBnMA)+CO2} solution. The cloud-point curves of {P(IBnMA) (Mw=100,000)+IBnMA and DME} in CO2 change from upper critical solution temperature behaviour to lower critical solution temperature behaviour as IBnMA and DME concentration increases.Also, experimental data of phase behaviour for IBnMA in supercritical carbon dioxide is performed at temperature range of (313.2 to 393.2)K and pressure range from (3.29 to 23.52)MPa. The experimental results were modelled with the Peng–Robinson equation of state using a van der Waals one-fluid mixing rule including two adjustable parameters. The pure critical property of IBnMA is estimated using the Joback–Lyderson method.

Phase behavior for the poly[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate] and 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate in supercritical solvents

Pressure-composition (p, x) isotherms were obtained for the carbon dioxide+2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate [2-(2-EE)EA] system at five temperatures (313.2K, 333.2K, 353.2K, 373.2K, and 393.2K) and pressure up to 22.86MPa. The carbon dioxide+2-(2-EE)EA system exhibits type-I phase behavior with a continuous mixture critical curve. The experimental results for carbon dioxide+2-(2-EE)EA mixtures are correlated using the Peng–Robinson equation of state (PR-EOS) using mixing rule including two adjustable parameters. The critical property of 2-(2-EE)EA is estimated with the Joback–Lyderson method.Experimental data up to 485K and 206.6MPa are reported for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate) [P(2-(2-EE)EA)]+carbon dioxide+2-(2-EE)EA, P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide+dimethyl ether (DME), P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide+propylene and P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide+1-butene systems. High-pressure cloud-point data are also reported for P(2-(2-EE)EA) in supercritical carbon dioxide, propane, propylene, butane, 1-butene, and DME at temperature to 474K and a pressure range of (8.45–206.6)MPa. Cloud-point behavior for the P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide+2-(2-EE)EA system were measured in changes of the pressure–temperature (p, T) slope and with 2-(2-EE)EA mass fraction of 0.0wt%, 5.9wt%, 14.9wt%, 30.3wt% and 60.2wt%. With 0.650 2-(2-EE)EA to the P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide solution, the cloud point curves take on the appearance of a typical lower critical solution temperature boundary. The P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide+(0.0–46.6)wt% DME systems change the (p, T) curve from upper critical solution temperature region to lower critical solution temperature region as the DME mass fraction increases. Also, the impact by propylene and 1-butene mass fraction for the P(2-(2-EE)EA)+carbon dioxide+propylene and 1-butene system is measured at temperatures to 454K and a pressure range of (75.7 to 119.6)MPa.

Phase behavior measurement for poly(isobornyl acrylate) + cosolvent systems in supercritical solvents at high pressure

We have conducted experiments to obtain cloud-point data of binary and ternary mixtures for poly(isobornyl acrylate) [P(IBnA)] (Mw=100,000)+isobornyl acrylate(IBnA) in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2), P(IBnA) (Mw=100,000)+dimethyl ether (DME) in CO2, P(IBnA) (Mw=100,000) in propane and butane, and P(IBnA) (Mw=1,000,000) in propane, propylene, butane and 1-butene at high pressure conditions. Phase behaviors for these systems were measured at a temperature range from 323.4K to 474.1K and pressure up to 296.7MPa. The cloud-point curves of P(IBnA) (Mw=100,000)+IBnA and DME in CO2 change from upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior to lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior as IBnA and DME concentration increases, and liquid–liquid–vapor phase behavior appears for the P(IBnA) (Mw=100,000)+CO2+80.3wt.% IBnA system. Phase behaviors of P(IBnA) and 50wt.% IBnA in CO2 and P(IBnA) in propane and butane show the pressure difference in accordance with Mw=1,000,000 and Mw=100,000 of P(IBnA). Also, the solubility curves for IBnA in supercritical CO2 were measured at a temperature range of (313.2–393.2)K and pressure up to 22.86MPa. The experimental results were modeled with the Peng–Robinson equation of state (PR-EOS) using a mixing rule including two adjustable parameters. The critical property of IBnA is estimated with the Joback–Lyderson method.

Cosolvent effect on the phase behavior for the poly(benzyl acrylate) and poly(benzyl methacrylate) in supercritical carbon dioxide and dimethyl ether

Experimental cloud-point data up to 433.2 K and 193.0 MPa are reported for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(benzyl methacrylate) [poly(BzMA)] + carbon dioxide + benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) and poly(benzyl acrylate) [Poly(BzA)] + carbon dioxide + benzyl acrylate (BzA) systems. High-pressure cloud-point data are also reported for Poly(BzMA) + carbon dioxide and Poly(BzA) + carbon dioxide in supercritical dimethyl ether (DME). Cloud-point behavior for the Poly(BzMA) + carbon dioxide + BzMA system was measured in changes of the pressure–temperature ( p– T) slope, and with BzMA weight fraction of 50.6, 61.0, 67.2 and 95.0 wt.%. The Poly(BzA) + carbon dioxide + 30.4, 40.7 and 49.4 wt.% BzA systems change the ( p– T) curve from upper critical solution temperature region (UCST) to lower critical solution temperature (LCST) region as the BzA concentration increases. With 52.3 wt.% BzA to the Poly(BzA) + carbon dioxide solution, the cloud-point curves are taken on the appearance of a typical lower critical solution temperature boundary. Also, the impact by cosolvent (BzMA and BzA) concentrations for the Poly(BzMA) + DME and Poly(BzA) + DME systems is measured at temperature to 453.2 K and pressure range of 24.6–61.3 MPa.

Density and Viscosity of Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Poly(ethylene glycol) and Poly(acrylic acid, sodium salt) at Temperatures of (288.15 to 318.15) K

The knowledge of physical properties and their dependency upon composition and temperature of aqueous two-phase systems is important in understanding the behavior of agitation and phase separation of such systems. In this work the viscosity and density of binary and ternary mixtures of water solution of polyethylene glycol and sodium polyacrylate were experimentally determined at a polymer concentration range of (0.04 to 0.12) mass fraction and temperature range of (288.15 to 318.15) K. Density followed a linear behavior with temperatures and solute mass fraction. Viscosity followed a quadratic behavior with solute mass fraction and temperature for the ternary mixture. Simple polynomial functions were successfully fitted to the experimental data.

Fast and Accurate Determination of Absolute Individual Molecular Weight Distributions from Mixtures of Polymers via Size Exclusion Chromatography−Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

We present a method to determine accurate and absolute molecular weight distributions (MWDs) as well as absolute concentrations of the individual macromolecular components in mixtures of polymers of the same monomer class yet differing in their end groups. Data gained from size exclusion chromatography coupled online to refractive index (RI) detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) are processed by a sophisticated computer algorithm based on the maximum entropy principle. The procedure yields, for the first time, absolute molecular weight distributions of each component corrected for chromatographic band broadening. Molecular weights of up to 10 kDa are accessible with a conventional quadrupole ion-trap mass analyzer. The method is applicable to variable polymer systems regardless of the monomer class and without the need for an external calibration or additional model assumptions. It was validated using binary and ternary mixtures of poly(methyl methacrylate) carrying labile funct...

Cloud point behavior for poly(isodecyl methacrylate)+supercritical solvents+cosolvent and vapor-liquid behavior for CO2+isodecyl methacrylate systems at high pressure

Experimental cloud-point data of binary and ternary mixtures for poly(isodecyl methacrylate) [P(IDMA)] in supercritical carbon dioxide, dimethyl ether (DME), propane, propylene, butane and 1-butene have been studied experimentally using a high pressure variable volume view cell. These systems show the phase behavior at temperature of 308 K to 473 K and pressure up to 255 MPa. The cloud-point curves for the P(IDMA)+CO2+isodecyl methacrylate (IDMA) are measured in changes of the pressure-temperature (P-T) slope, and with cosolvent concentrations of 0-60.1 wt%. Also, experimental data of phase behaviors for IDMA in supercritical carbon dioxide is obtained at temperature range of 313.2–393.2 K and pressure range of 5.8–22.03 MPa. The experimental results were modeled with the Peng-Robinson equation of state. The location of the P(IDMA)+CO2 cloud-point curve shifts to lower temperatures and pressures when DME is added to P(IDMA)+CO2 solution. The P(IDMA)+C4 hydrocarbons cloud-point curves are ca. 16.0 MPa lower pressures than the P(IDMA)+C3 hydrocarbons curves at constant temperature.

Grafting of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) with citric acid using gamma irradiation

Ternary mixtures of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), citric acid (CA) and water were irradiated at various gamma ray doses. Copolymer swelling and gelation% were determined with respect to the irradiation dose and PVP/CA composition. The gelation% increases with increasing the irradiation dose, but decreases with increasing the CA content in the graft copolymer. The swelling% of the prepared hydrogels decreases with increasing the irradiation dose and CA content in the copolymer, as a result of an increase in the crosslink density and the hydrogen bonds, respectively. The ion exchange capacity and the uptake of uranyl ions increase with increasing the CA content in the graft copolymer.

Phase Behavior for Mixtures of Poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) + 2-Ethylhexyl Acrylate and Poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) + 2-Ethylhexyl Methacrylate with Supercritical Fluid Solvents

Experimental cloud-point data up to 478 K and 248.0 MPa are reported for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) + 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (3) and poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) + 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (3) systems. High-pressure cloud-point data are also reported for poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) and poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) in supercritical propane, propylene, butane, 1-butene, and dimethyl ether. Cloud-point behavior for the poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) + 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (3) system were measured in changes of the pressure, temperature (p, T) slope and with 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate mass fraction of w3 = 0.0, 0.201, 0.303, and 0.564. With w3 = 0.666 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate to the poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) solution, the cloud-point curves take on the appearance of a typical lower critical solution temperature boundary. The poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) + w3 = 0.0, 0.097, 0.206, 0.409, 0.552, and 0.604 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (3) systems change the (p, T) curve from upper critical solution temperature region to lower critical solution temperature region as the 2-ethylhexyl acrylate mass fraction increases. For w3 = 0.709 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, the poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) solution significantly changes the phase behavior. Also, the impact by dimethyl ether mass fraction for the poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) (1) and poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) (1) + carbon dioxide (2) + dimethyl ether (3) system is measured at temperatures to 455 K and a pressure range of (4.3 to 248.0) MPa. Pressure, composition (p, x) isotherms are obtained for the carbon dioxide (1) + 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (2) systems at (313.15, 333.15, 353.15, 373.15, and 393.15) K and pressure up to 20.5 MPa. The carbon dioxide (1) + 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (2) systems exhibit type-I phase behavior with a continuous mixture critical curve. The experimental results for carbon dioxide (1) + 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (2) mixtures are modeled using the Peng−Robinson equation of state with two adjustable parameters.

Phase behavior on the poly[octyl (meth)acrylate] + supercritical fluid solvents + monomer and CO 2 + monomer mixtures at high pressure

Experimental cloud-point data to 220 °C and 2660 bar are reported for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(octyl acrylate) [P(OA)] + CO 2 + octyl acrylate (OA), poly(octyl methacrylate) [P(OMA)] + CO 2 + octyl methacrylate (OMA), and P(OA) + supercritical solvents systems. The cloud-point curves for the P(OA) + CO 2 + OA (or dimethyl ether (DME)) system changes the pressure–temperature ( P– T) curve from upper critical solution temperature (UCST) region to lower critical solution temperature (LCST) region as the OA (or DME) concentration increases. The P(OA) + C 4 hydrocarbons cloud-point curves are ∼150 bar lower than the P(OA) + C 3 hydrocarbons curves at fixed temperature. The phase behavior for the system P(OMA) + CO 2 + OMA are measured in changes of the P– T slope, and with cosolvent concentrations of 0–42.4 wt.%. High pressures phase behavior data are measured for the CO 2 + OA and CO 2 + OMA systems at the temperature range from 40 to 120 °C and pressures up to ∼208 bar. Both system exhibit type-I phase behavior with a continuous mixture-critical curve and both are adequately modeled with the Peng–Robinson equation of state.

Cosolvent Effect and Solubility Measurement for Butyl (Meth)acrylate Polymers in Benign Environmental Supercritical Solvents

Cloud-point phase behavior curves to 190 °C and 2570 bar are measured for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(isobutyl acrylate)−CO2−isobutyl acrylate, poly(tert-butyl acrylate)−CO2−tert-butyl acrylate, poly(isobutyl methacrylate)−CO2−isobutyl methacrylate, and poly(tert-butyl methacrylate)−CO2−tert-butyl methacrylate systems. The phase behavior for the poly(isobutyl acrylate)−CO2−isobutyl acrylate system with cosolvent concentrations of 0, 3.2, 8.8, 18.1, 31.9, and 40.7 wt % are measured in the changes of the pressure−temperature slope. With 58.7 wt % isobutyl acrylate to the poly(isobutyl acrylate)−CO2 solution significantly changing, the phase behavior curves takes on the appearance of a typical LCST boundary. The cloud-point curves for the poly(tert-butyl acrylate)−CO2−0, 8.5, 14.9, 34.7, 56.0, and 57.7 wt % tert-butyl acrylate system changes the P−T curve from the UCST region to the LCST region as the tert-butyl acrylate concentration increases. The cloud-point curves for the poly(isobutyl methacryla...

Phase Behavior of Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Poly(decyl acrylate)−Supercritical Solvents−Decyl Acrylate and Poly(decyl methacrylate)−CO2−Decyl Methacrylate Systems

Experimental cloud-point data up to 205 °C and 2300 bar are measured for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(decyl acrylate) [poly(DA)]−supercritical solvents−decyl acrylate (DA) and poly(decyl methacrylate) [poly(DMA)]−CO2−decyl methacrylate (DMA). Also, the cloud-point curves show the binary mixtures for poly(DA) in supercritical CO2, propane, propylene, butane, 1-butene, and dimethyl ether (DME). The phase behaviors for the poly(DMA)−CO2−DMA system are measured in changes of the pressure−temperature (P−T) slope and with DMA concentrations of 4.4, 6.7, 11.2, 22.8, and 32.9 wt %. Adding 41.6 wt % DMA to the poly(DMA)−CO2 solution significantly changes the phase behavior; the curves take on the appearance of a typical LCST boundary. The cloud-point curves for the poly(DA)−CO2 system with 0, 7.5, 14.9, 23.4, and 34.9 wt % DA changes the P−T curve from an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) region to a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) region as the decyl acrylate concentration increases. Adding 40.2 wt % DA to the poly(DA)−CO2 solution significantly changes the phase behavior. The cloud-point curve takes on the appearance of a typical lower LCST region. High-pressure phase behavior data are obtained for the CO2−DA and CO2−DMA systems at temperatures in the range 40−120 °C and pressures up to 189 bar. The CO2−DA and CO2−DMA systems exhibit type-I phase behavior with a continuous mixture-critical curve. The experimental results for the CO2−DA and CO2−DMA mixtures are modeled using the Peng−Robinson equation of state. A good fit of the data is obtained from the Peng−Robinson equation of state using two adjustable parameters for CO2−DA and CO2−DMA systems.

Preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels containing citric or succinic acid using gamma radiation

Ternary mixtures of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/citric acid (CA)/water and PVA/succinic acid (SA)/water were exposed to various gamma doses in air at ambient temperature. The maximum swelling and the gelation% of the prepared gels initially increases with increasing dose for both acids, but at higher doses decreases. The uptake of nickel and cobalt ions increases with increasing bonded acid concentration, which can be explained with increase of the reactive acidic sites bonded to the polymer backbone. The uptake of copper ions is very limited, but it increases with increasing irradiation dose.

Phase behavior of binary and ternary mixtures of poly(ethylene‐co‐octene)–hydrocarbons

AbstractPoly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (PEO) is a new thermoplastic elastomer that has the wide variation in mechanical, thermal, optical, and elastomeric properties. The variety of PEO properties results from incorporation octene comonomer in polyethylene backbone. Because of the wide difference in the copolymer properties, it is important to know the phase boundary to optimize the copolymerization and separation processes of PEO. The cloud‐point and bubble‐point curves for poly(ethylene‐co‐15.3 mol % octene) (PEO15), which has 15.3 mol % octene repeat unit in the backbone structure, were determined in n‐pentane, n‐hexane, n‐heptane, and n‐octane. The miscibility of PEO15 in normal alkane enlarges with the size of the normal alkane because of the increasing dispersion interactions related to polarizability. The phase behavior for the ternary systems of PEO15–ethylene–octene was also investigated, where ethylene and 1‐octene are monomer and comonomer of PEO. As the concentration of ethylene in the ternary mixture increases, the miscibility of PEO15 dramatically decreases. Adding 64 wt % ethylene into the ternary mixture increases the pressure, dissolving PEO15 up to 1000 bar. In pure ethylene, PEO15 was not dissolved up to 1900 bar, 160°C. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 161–165, 2005

Dynamic Viscosity of Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Poly(Ethylene Glycol), Potassium Phosphate, and Water

Dynamic viscosity of binary mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol) molar mass 1500 Da + water, potassium phosphate + water, and ternary mixtures of poly(ethylene glycol) molar mass 1500 Da + potassium phosphate + water were determined at 303.15 K. Binary and ternary mixture viscosities showed a direct logarithm-type relation with the increase of poly(ethylene glycol) and potassium phosphate contents. The models used for viscosity correlation gave a good fit to the experimental data.

Solubility in the binary and ternary system for poly(alkyl acrylate)-supercritical solvent mixtures

Experimental cloud-point data to 210 ‡C and 2,200 bar are presented for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(methyl acrylate)-CO2-methy acrylate and poly(ethyl acrylate)-CO2, propylene, and 1-butene-ethyl aerylate systems. The accuracy of the experimental apparatus was tested by comparing the measured pressure-temperature phase behavior data of the poly(ethyl acrylate)-CO2 system obtained in this study with those of Rindfleisch et al. [1995]. The phase behaviors for the system poly(methyl acrylate)-CO2-methyl acrylate were measured in changes of pressure-temperature slope, and with cosolvent concentrations of 0, 5.0, 13.7, 25.3, and 43.3 wt%, respectively. With 48.3 wt% methyl acrylate to the poly(methyl acrylate)-CO2 solution significantly changes, the phase behavior curve takes on the appearance of a typical lower critical solution temperature (LCST) boundary. The impact of ethyl acrylate on the cloud-point for the poly(ethyl acrylate)-CO2 system shows the change of slope of the phase behavior curves from negative to positive with ethyl acrylate concentration of 0, 8.2, and 25.0 wt%. The cloud-point behavior for the poly(ethyl acrylate)-CO2-39.5 wt% ethyl acrylate system shows an LCST curve. The solubility curve to ∼150 ‡C and 1,650 bar for poly(ethyl acrylate)-propylene-ethyl acrylate system shows the change of pressure-temperature diagram and with ethyl acrylate concentration of 0, 7.2 and 21.0 wt%. Also, when 41.1 wt% ethyl acrylate was added to the poly(ethyl acrylate)-propylene solution, the phase behavior curve showed the LCST region. The high pressure phase behavior of poly(ethyl acrylate)-1-butene-0, 3.1, 8.1, 18.5 and 30.7 wt% ethyl acrylate system presented the change of pressure-temperature curve from the UCST region to U-LCST region as the ethyl acrylate concentration increased.

Phase Behavior of the Poly[hexyl (meth)acrylate]−Supercritical Solvents−Monomer Mixtures at High Pressures

Pressure−composition isotherms are obtained for carbon dioxide (CO2)−hexyl acrylate and CO2−hexyl methacrylate systems at 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 °C and pressure up to 189 bar. The CO2−hexyl acrylate and CO2−hexyl methacrylate systems exhibit type I phase behavior with a continuous mixture critical curve. Three-phase, liquid−liquid−vapor equilibrium was not observed at these conditions. The experimental results for CO2−hexyl acrylate and CO2−hexyl methacrylate mixtures are modeled using the Peng−Robinson equation of state. A good fit of the data is obtained with the Peng−Robinson equation of state using two adjustable parameters for CO2−hexyl acrylate and CO2−hexyl methacrylate systems. Experimental cloud-point data to 200 °C and 2200 bar are measured for binary and ternary mixtures of poly(hexyl acrylate)−CO2−hexyl acrylate and poly(hexyl methacrylate)−CO2−hexyl methacrylate systems. Also, the cloud-point curves show the binary mixtures for poly(hexyl acrylate) in supercritical ethylene, propane, propyl...