Terms Of Waste Management Research Articles

Synthesis of new carbon material produced from human hair and its evaluation as electrochemical supercapacitor

ABSTRACT In this study, carbon material similar to graphene structure (GLS) was prepared from graphite and the carbonization of Turkish human hair fibers (HHC) and utilized for the modification of electrode to evaluate the supercapacitance performance. Electrochemical characterization of the HHC-based GLS (HHC-GLS) modified electrodes have been carried out with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The morphology and chemical composition of the resultant GLSs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction spectroscopy, Raman and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. HHC-GLS displayed a good electrochemical activity than the graphite sourced graphene and possess very similar morphological properties with commercial graphene. Carbonization of the waste hair was carried out at 280°C to improve the pore structure as the first step of GLS synthesis. HHC-GLS modified electrode exhibited the best electrochemical activity and utilized as a charge storage device. The best specific capacitance value was found to be 139.00 F g−1 in 6.00 M KOH(aq) at a scan rate of 100.00 mV s−1 and good stability over 500 cycles. Whereas an energy density of 19.3 Wh kg−1 and power density of 6.95 kW kg−1 were obtained from the electrode when operated in the voltage range from −1.00 to 0.00 V. This work offers a new approach to human hair waste management in terms of promising green energy applications. This study was patented by the Turkish Patent and Trademark Office (Turkish Patent Institute Application Number: (2019/22841)).

MSW Management in Universities: Sharing Best Practices

The optimization of municipal solid waste management requires the re-organization of niche sectors too. The sector of the university is not fully explored from the scientific point of view. The creation of networks among universities in order to face this issue allows an exchange of expertise also at an international level as demonstrated in this article, by three case studies: two Italian (University of Trento and University of Insubria) and one Russian (Ural Federal University) universities. This study highlights the pros and cons of each university in terms of waste management. Specifically, setting up communication campaigns, standard procedures, monitoring actions, pricing strategies that incentivize selective collection, and improving the collaboration within the university community are identified as crucial initiatives. The margins of improvement of the three universities analyzed are favored by the composition of the generated waste. The implementation of good practices can give economic advantages to the universities, besides improving their level of sustainability.

Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Masyarakat untuk Berpartisipasi dalam Program Citarum Harum

Perilaku masyarakat yang berada pada Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) sungai citarum dalam membuang sampah, memberikan pengaruh secara langsung terhadap kerusakan dan pencemaran yang dialami oleh sungai citarum. Maka dari itu, program citarum harum diharapkan mampu mengubah perilaku masyarakat DAS Citarum terutama dari segi pengelolaan sampah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi dan secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap behavioral intention (niat perilaku) masyarakat DAS citarum untuk mewujudkan citarby theum harum. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan survei melalui kuesioner kepada 170 responden. Setelah dilakukan pengumpulan data, kemudian data tersebut diolah menggunakan metode Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan software SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Incentive Measure (IM), dan Personal Norms (PN) secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap Behavioral Intention (BI) masing-masing sebesar 16,3%, 15,9%, dan 19,1%. Sedangkan faktor Environment Theory Knowledge (ETK) dan Environment Practice Knowledge memberikan pengaruh terhadap Attitude Toward the Behavior (ATT) untuk berpartisipasi dalam mewujudkan citarum harum masing-masing sebesar 38,4% dan 21,7%.

Аналіз сучасних інноваційних методів утилізації відходів

For many countries around the world, the problem of waste disposal is acute. This applies to both economically developed countries and developing countries. Waste management policy should primarily be aimed at reducing their generation. Disposal will only be permitted for non-recyclable waste. EU countries are beginning to introduce technologies for the disposal of waste that does not pollute the environment. One of the main tasks on the path of European development in terms of waste management is their separate collection. Of particular concern are so-called hazardous wastes, which can pose a threat to the environment and harm human health. The problem of waste accumulation needs to be solved. A serious problem for many countries around the world is the accumulation of a huge amount of mixed waste in landfills. In the process of decay of such waste, highly toxic compounds are formed that can poison the environment. An innovative development is a new method of microbial utilization of such waste. The advantages of this method are that the process is fast - only 2-3 weeks and has a high efficiency - the weight is reduced from the initial several tens of times. This technology can be used to dispose of mixed food waste in large cities, recycle food waste, hotels and food businesses in resort areas, and can be used in extreme conditions. The technology of utilization of used tires by the method of "Magnetic shock" is also developed. The developed technology makes it possible to separate the rubber component from the metal cord. Subsequently, the rubber component is mechanically ground. The advantages of this method are obtaining pure metal and rubber, reducing the wear of the crushing mechanism, saving energy for processing. A significant problem is the disposal of solid waste. The technique of thermal processing of solid household waste is developed. Collection, processing and utilization of solid household waste in settlements has a number of problems. Such problems are the need to transport waste to plants, high energy consumption and processing costs. A mobile waste processing plant in the absence of electricity can be a comprehensive solution to the problem.In general, there is a problem of inefficiency of existing technologies for solid waste disposal around the world. Methods such as incineration, burial and processing are widely used. The smart solution is the collection of solid waste, sorting of secondary raw materials and recycling of residues. Many developed countries use industrial processing of solid waste, which takes into account the requirements of ecology, resource conservation and economy. The introduction of new innovative methods of waste disposal does not require significant investment and time.

Održivi razvoj u upravljanju rudarskim otpadom - primer Republike Srbije

Throughout the centuries, human activities have always generated different kinds of waste, and this has become a significant problem which nowadays is considered as one of the main polluters of the environment. The term waste management is gaining importance as a way of providing an efficient solution for this problem. Data from the EU-28 shows that nearly one third of the total waste produced is attributed to mining activities. This paper focuses on the waste generated by the mining industry in the case of the Republic of Serbia. Considering that Serbia is in the process of becoming an EU member state, there are several ongoing projects which aim to enhance and reach a level of sustainable development in the respective field. As an example, a project which is currently being implemented will be covered in this research, namely - "Cadastre of mining waste".

Investigation of greenhouse gas emissions and energy recovery potential from municipal solid waste management practices

Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from municipal solid waste and the associated climate change impacts are getting attention worldwide. This study aims to advise local governments about the danger of greenhouse gas emissions of waste management technologies. Three waste management scenarios were proposed and assessed based on greenhouse gas emissions and energy recovery for the city of Kocaeli, Turkey, for the reference years 2018–2028. The first scenario entailed recycling a fraction of materials such as paper, plastic, glass, and metals and disposing of the remaining waste in a landfill with landfill gas recovery (current practice), while the second scenario included recycling of all the recyclable materials and producing compost from the remaining organic waste. The third scenario included incinerating all the waste to recover energy. The analysis indicated that, scenarios 1, 2 and 3 saved total greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of 275,449 tCO2 e y−1, 287,868 tCO2 e y−1, and 652,626 tCO2 e y−1, respectively. Global warming factors (GWF) for scenarios 1, 2 and 3 were calculated as −1.760, −0.972, −0.940 tCO2 e t−1 waste, respectively. As a separate process, the materials recovery facility in scenario 1 had the lowest GWF (−1.486 tCO2 e t−1), whereas the highest GWF was from composting in scenario 2 (0.106 tCO2 e t−1). Also, the incineration plant would generate on average about 2.09 E+10 kWh y−1 energy, which could reduce coal use by 2.58 E+06 ton per year and natural gas use by 2.37 E+09 m3 per year. The analysis showed that thermal conversion and material recycling are the best options to reduce climate change impacts in the study area. This study will help the local authorities to consider greenhouse gas emissions and energy recovery potentials in the study region, as well as in other parts of Turkey, when long term waste management plans are considered.

Aspects on Implementation of an Integrated Waste Management System in the Rural Area

Abstract The issue of waste management in terms of environmental protection is one of the important problems facing humanity, especially in the large agglomeration areas, and in the rural area, the interests are more limited. The present paper presents theoretical aspects regarding the implementation of an integrated waste management system in the rural area.

COMMUNITY ATTITUDE, PERCEPTION AND WILLINGNESS TOWARDS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA, CASE STUDY

Malaysia as a developing country is still struggling with appropriate solid waste management due to lack of attitude, perception and willingness among individuals for reuse, recycling waste. This research highlights the current solid waste management in terms of attitude, perception and willingness of community towards solid waste management in Malaysia especially in Serdang. This research has conducted a survey to around 327 respondents living in Serdang in to get their opinions to improve the process of solid waste. The results were then analyzed quantitively by using SPSS software and descriptive analysis. The result revealed that there is moderate attitude and perception of community towards solid waste management. It is highly recommended that the disposal of wastes should be reduced in Malaysia in order to achieve its future economic growth and industrial revolution.

Research on the Kinetics of Pyrolysis of Wood-Based Panels in Terms of Waste Management

Currently, there is a lot of interest in implementing the idea of ​​a circular economy along with searching for optimal methods of waste management in terms of raw materials and energy. Waste wood-based floor panels are part of this discussion with regard to its management. The interest in this waste results from statistics and the prediction of its future quantities on the waste market. The separation and testing of individual layers of the waste floor panel was undertaken to answer the following question: Is it reasonable to mechanically separate the contaminated upper panel layer from the remaining part (which is suitable for material recycling) and subject it to thermal transformation methods? Thermogravimetric studies did not confirm the rationale of mechanical separation of layers for further management. Therefore, the use of pyrolysis was proposed as an alternative by showing the advantages of this process in the thermal transformation of the tested waste. The analyzed kinetics of this process included: mass loss, the influence of heating rate on the decomposition process, the impact of volatile parts in the substrate on the rate of mass loss, and the share of coke residue. Empirical formulas of the tested substrates in the molecular formula C–H–O–N (carbon-hydrogen-oxygen-nitrogen) were also proposed to assess its energy usefulness by entering the analyzed waste into a Van Krevelen diagram.

Studi Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Tindakan Pedagang Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah di Pasar Umum Ubud Kecamatan Ubud Kabupaten Gianyar Tahun 2017

Ubud Public Market is visited by many foreign and local tourists. The increase of tourists to Ubud caused a negative impact from the development of tourism is the environment because the amount of waste generated in every place. The level of knowledge and awareness of traders in terms of waste management is still very less, seen from the general aspects of waste management is the stage of collection, transportation and final disposal. The purpose of this research is to know the knowledge, attitude and actions of trader’s about waste management at Ubud Public Market Ubud Subdistrict Gianyar Regency 2017. This research type is descriptive observasional. Samples in this research are 100 traders selling at Ubud Public Market Ubud Subdistrict Gianyar Regency. The data collected in this research are primary and secondary data. Data collection was done by using questionnaires to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and action of traders and observation sheet used to observe directly the waste management in Ubud Public Market Ubud Subdistrict Gianyar Regency. The data has been collected and then processed and presented in the form of tables or graphs. The result of this research is a traders with good knowledge of 49 people (49%), traders who have good attitude 51 people (51%), traders who have medium action 76 people (76%).

The Role of Educational Action Research of Recycling Process to the Green Technologies, Environment Engineering, and Circular Economies

Recycling process in waste management reduces the cost of waste handling, minimizes cost of raw materials and processing, and simplifies supply chain management. It introduces 3D printing design and circular economies and significantly impacts green technologies and environment engineering in terms of waste management and materials processing. Educational action research play crucial role in communicating designer, stakeholder, consumer, and distributed in end-to-end recycling process. It fosters the entitiesacross value chain and accelerates the modernization of waste management processes.

Environmental awareness and participation of Filipino pre-service teachers

Schools are accountable to cultivate environmental awareness and participation among future leaders. In an attempt to address this concern, this research determined the level of environmental awareness and involvement of teacher education seniors in one state university in the Philippines. Specifically, it focused on the respondents' level of environmental awareness in terms of issues and policies and level of environmental participation in terms of waste management, resource conservation, and environmental initiative. By employing the descriptive method of research with self-made questionnaire as its gathering tool. This paper found out that the respondents were unaware of environmental issues and policies, while they were moderately participative in activities relevant to environmental protection and conservation. With the findings of the study, enrichment activities offered by the researcher as well as considered by concerned authorities for its maximum actualization to enliven the once-perfect the environment which human beings continuously destroy.

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT IN MANAGING WASTE THROUGH TAKAKURA TRAINING

Household waste from approximately three million residents of the city of Bandung, every day reaches approximately 2000 tons or reaches 6195 cubic meters consisting of 65% organic waste, 10% paper, 2% plastic, 1% glass, 1% cloth, 8% metal and other 13%. In terms of waste management, each region has the potential that if managed and utilized properly will help improve their quality of life. Society has an important role in efforts to empower the community, because society is the subject of empowerment. The RT.04 RW 011 administrator at Kompleks Pasirjati Bandung was moved to empower the community in managing household waste through Takakura / composting training. This training aims to empower the community in reducing household waste and in maintaining environmental cleanliness through environmentally friendly waste management. The training participants were residents in the Kompleks Pasirjati neighborhood RT.04, RW. 011 Bandung City, 22 people.

A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on biomedical waste management in terms of knowledge among b. Sc. nursing 1st year students of ved nursing college, Baroli, Panipat

A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on biomedical waste management in terms of knowledge among b. Sc. nursing 1^st year students of ved nursing college, Baroli, Panipat

The integrating of zero waste principles from national to local regulations: Case study of Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Garbage disposal to landfill is a waste of limited natural resources. The concept of upstream waste management to minimize waste dumped into a landfill is called Zero Waste. A number of cities in the world have successfully applied this concept and have demonstrated that it can save the limited natural resources. The application of the concept of Zero Waste needs a proper policy. Both Indonesia and the city of Banda Aceh have waste management policies which contain Zero Waste principles. In this paper, we argue that the city regulation is more detailed compared to the national regulation which could result in better waste management in terms of waste reduction. These include waste separation and avoidance, extended producer responsibility, pay as you throw scheme, community recycling centers and the provision of incentives and disincentives. The purpose of this paper is to examine how Zero Waste principles have been integrated into the policies at the national and Banda Aceh levels. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with waste experts including academics, government officers, and waste activists, as well as regulations reviews. This paper recommended that Banda Aceh develop more regulations incorporating Zero Waste principles.

TINJAUAN SOSIOEKONOMI PEMANFAATAN FESES SAPI DENGAN TEKNOLOGI VERMICOMPOSTING

<p>The Cibodas village is located in Pasir Jambu subdistrict at Bandung Regency, majority community livelihood edged is dairy cattle and agriculture. The problem of waste management in terms of cattle manure that could potentially produce methane (CH4) as one of the greenhouse gases (GRK), and when the cattle manure dumped into the River then it can pollute the rivers directly. The purpose of this study is to see how big the benefits of social and economic aspects of the utilization of cattle manure at the farmer scale. A series of Research include : 1) collect opinions and responses to ranchers, livestock farmers and administrators, by filling the questionnaire against the management of the cattle manure, 2) Observations of operational at the process of vermicomposting in two locations, namely in kampong Papak Manggu and kampong Injeman Cibodas village, during the activities of Demontration plot. The observed data covering 1) production process of vermicomposting (worm production and the weight of the raw materials, daily activities, results of casting, mass balance and quality of organic fertilizer) 2) Required total working hour of process of vermicomposting 3) Space and facilities requirement 4) cost and price analysis. The research show that vermicompost is suitable to be implemented in processing cattle manure, base on the following reason : a) cleaning of the environment b) minimum labor requirement c) providing additional income d) availability of organic fertilizer.</p>

Design of a biogas plant fed with Cladophora Sp. algae and wheat straw

The blooming of biogas plant installation undergoing wet anaerobic digestion processes is an evident trend at EU condition. The use of biological feedstocks from farm and agricultural origins together with the use of alternative feedstock like marine macroalage provide benefits in terms of waste management and avoided natural resource extraction. Nevertheless, the seasonal fluctuations of the type and amounts of feedstocks available for a specific biogas plant, together with their optimal co-digestion, can affect the overall efficiency and optimization of the biogas operations with potential drawback on the overall sustainability of the system. A proper design of the biogas plant is thus a key step to have profitable biogas-based systems.In this paper, based on the available literature around the topic of design and sizing of a biogas plant and on interviews with practitioners in the field, the design of all the system components of a biogas plant fed with Cladophora Sp. algae and wheat straw is reported. The kinetical analysis of the digestion and the biomethane potential of the biomass employed have been determined based on a set of experiments lead by the authors. The scope of the presented case study is to help to fill the gap identified in literature and take a step towards defining standards and benchmarks for the sector and to provide a step-by-step approach for biogas plant design.

Household waste impacts on physicochemical variables in Port Harcourt

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show impacts of household wastes handling on some physicochemical parameters of surface water, soil, sediments and borehole water samples in Port Harcourt. Waste generated from the households are indiscriminately dumped on roads, stream channels, bush lands and open spaces thus defacing the landscape of the city, flooding and spreading vector-borne diseases. As a result there is unsustainable and wasteful utilisation of resources which gives rise to pollution of the environment. The research determines the pollution profile of some dumpsites, surface water bodies that act as recipients of household waste from result of analysis of physicochemical parameters.Design/methodology/approachMajor dumpsites in the city were selected for sampling. Three sampling stations at upstream, discharge point and downstream were selected for water and sediments. Water samples were collected in one-litre plastic containers, and then labelled and transported to laboratory for analysis. Sediment samples were collected at a depth of 5-10 m under water and preservation, handling and analysis were based on standard principles and procedures. Soil samples were dug with auger at both top (0-15 cm) and bottom (15-30 cm) in radial coordinates. The soil and sediment samples were first digested using the wet oxidation method before analysis with atomic absorption spectrophotometry.FindingsThe physicochemical analysis of surface water samples showed that conductivity, salinity, turbidity, sulphate, phosphate, magnesium, total hardness and lead exceeded the World Health Organization and Nigerian Industrial Standard limits for drinking water qualities at the sampled areas. The same parameters in addition to pH and manganese also exceeded the limits for sediment samples. The soil pH showed acidity at the sampling stations for both top and bottom depths. Conductivity, sulphate, iron, manganese, phosphate and lead also exceeded the FMEnv Guidelines and standards for soil quality. The continuous discharge of household wastes on water and soil resulted in elevated levels of some measured parameters.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was limited by funds. The cost of sampling and analysis was enormous and limited the study to parameters that available funds could carry. This factor also stretched the period of study. The non-availability of sponsorship made it difficult to extend the research to soil particle size distribution and the underground water movement of the study areas. Another limitation was logistics as the study covered vast areas of the metropolis demanding steady means of mobility that was not available. Epileptic supply of power delayed the timely delivery of result of analysis.Practical implicationsThe results of the analysed physicochemical parameters of water, sediments, soil and borehole water samples indicated spatial variations in their values at the study area, with higher values at the discharge points and downstream than the upstream, while for the borehole water analysis, the effect was more pronounced at stations with appreciable quantity of degradable household wastes. The levels of some physicochemical variables exceeded standard limits as a result of continuous discharge of household wastes .The implication is that household waste handling influenced the physicochemical variables negatively and constant monitoring serves as a useful tool of abatement.Originality/valueThis work is original and has not been published before in any book or journal article locally or internationally. The research related waste handling lifestyles with concentrations of measurable parameters, which is an additional work to what other authors have done. The value is that data generated will be a reference material to other researchers, city planners, government agencies and institutions that are involved with environmental management. Furthermore it has added a new dimension to the discipline of waste management in terms of scope and contribution to knowledge.

The Feasibility of Developing the Application of Rural Agricultural Waste Management in Masal Township, Iran

The waste of agricultural products is considered as one of the major problems in Iranian agricultural sector. The present study is a descriptive-survey one in nature that focused on exploring correlations and comparison. Data were collected through a number of questionnaires and were analyzed by SPSS. The relationships between dependent and independent variables were analyzed by obtaining the Pearson's correlation coefficient. The statistical population of the study comprised the participants of vermicompost Training Courses in 2011-12, farmers of Estalkh Zir Village where the vermicompost project was implemented, and facilitators and promoters of the agricultural sector. The results of this investigation showed that there was a relationship between the dependent (familiarity, the skills and interest rate) and independent variables (agricultural waste management) and that it was confirmed p<0.05) that the impact of the four independent variables was significant on the dependent variable at 0.95 level. As a result, all factors as independent variables are believed to have contributed to waste management. The results of Pearson’s correlation test confirmed all the hypotheses of the study. Duncan’s test also indicated that there was a significant difference in terms of waste management among the existing factors, namely interest rate, levels of familiarity and awareness, skills, and support from authorities.

The Impact of Public Participation Towards Waste Management In Tataaran Patar Village of South Tondano District

Garbage is a main issues discussed by many people, as we all know the amount of litter in Indonesia each year has increased, production of urban waste in Indonesia amounted to 38.5 million tons/ year or when averaged per-day amounted 200,000 tonnes/ day. If viewed in terms of waste management, it is known that 68% of the waste is transported and dumped, buried 9%, 6% is processed into compost and recycled, 5% was burned, and 7% of the waste is not managed. Trash if not handled properly will cause the unpleasant smell, the source of various diseases, blockage of waterways and can also cause flood. It was found by researcher in direct observation in the Village of Tataaran Patar, District of South Tondano. One of the main factors is the lack of public awareness on environment especially trash management boils down to the lowest participation rate.