Public Administration In Terms Research Articles

Digital accessibility as a determinant of changes in the functioning of public administration?

The sphere of public management is characterised by several important factors. These include, among others, a modern and at the same time society-oriented way of implementing public tasks. The idea of digitization of public administration is connected with digital accessibility. The needs of people with disabilities have become one of the basic measures of effective and friendly e-government in the 21st century. The aim of the article is to characterise the principles of digital accessibility in terms of using the electronic administration. The object of the study is to identify requirements and challenges for public administration in terms of ensuring digital accessibility. The analysis of the subject, will allow to answer the question: whether and to what extent digital accessibility is a determinant of changes in the functioning of public administration?". The first part of the work contains issues concerning digital transformation in public administration. The second presents the main objectives and requirements of digital accessibility.

Development and Current State of E-Government in the Federal Republic of Germany

The state and its administration have been constantly confronted with profound changes, which they not only faced, but which must be shaped in order to better fulfil their diverse tasks and be able to fulfil their responsibilities. One such modern and fast-moving change is digitalization, which affects every area of life. The potential of digitalization has, of course, also affected the administrative activity of the state, from the design of optimal framework conditions for the economy and society through the improvement of infrastructure to more efficient administrative work. The aim of the article was to identify the key moments in building e-Government in Germany and, in the context of assessing its current state, to identify the main shortcomings of German e-Government. In this context, we have focused on defining and clarifying the nature of e-Government, introducing the positives and negatives. In the second part, we have focused on a brief analysis of the development and current state of implementation of the e-Government concept in Germany. The biggest shortcoming of the German public administration in terms of digitalization is the issue of effective interconnection of online services into one functioning overall system. There is still no central portal in Germany that contains all the information and service offers from a single source. It is still in the process of building. Even public registers, i.e., data collection and office archives, are not sufficiently interconnected. It requires, first and foremost, political will, an attractive range of services, initial investment as a driving force and a source of inspiration, and municipalities and Länder are also key in this process as the first points of contact for citizens

The Specifics оf Citizens` Participation іn Public Administration Under the Martial Law іn Ukraine

Topicality. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of citizens' participation in public administration under the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, introduced starting from February 24, 2022, which continues until now. The subject of the study is the tools of public influence on the state management process, which are relevant in the current conditions of existence of Ukraine and are actively used. The content of the article combines the analysis of current national legislation and the practice of its implementation in this area. The purpose of the article. The author aims to determine the specifics of the interpretation of the concept of "public administration" in the conditions of martial law, to analyze the actual mechanisms of citizen participation in public administration. Research methods. The research will use general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. For the most part, the purpose and tasks of the research involve the analysis and synthesis of information obtained from the outlined sources, the comparison of the tools of citizen participation in public administration in terms of their effectiveness, as well as the formulation of the author's conclusions on certain issues, providing recommendations for theoretical and practical use. Results. The article examines the tools of public participation in management, which are used both at the initiative of citizens themselves and at the initiative of state bodies and local self-government bodies. Emphasis is placed on strengthening the role of digital means of influencing citizens on decision-making by authorized entities at the national and regional levels. The implemented online survey mechanism through the Diya portal was considered. The advantages and disadvantages of this form of citizen participation in public administration are determined. In addition, the author analyzed the shortcomings of the legal regulation of electronic appeals in Ukraine, as well as the existing practice of publicizing and reviewing petitions. The significance of the results. Based on the conducted research, the article formulates conclusions and provides recommendations for improving the legal regulation of citizens' participation in public administration and the practice of implementing the norms of legislation on public participation.

Public Administration in the Field of Public Health Protection in the New Paradigm of Public Authority: Problems of Correlation Between Constitutional and Administrative Law Regulation

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of correlation between the constitutional-legal and administrative-legal regulation of public administration in the field of public health protection in the system of social administration. The purpose of the article is to identify the relationship between the subject of regulation of constitutional and administrative law in the field of public administration in terms of health protection in the system of social administration, to identify its distinctive features. The goal was achieved with the help of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, dialectical, his­torical and legal method) and the formal legal method. State administration is carried out constantly, regardless of the presence or absence of a constitution in a particular state, other constitutional acts, and even in the absence of constitutional ideas, as was the case in Russia until the 19th century. The concept of administrative and legal regulation of public administration in the field of public health in modern conditions is based on constitutional norms on the right of citizens to health protection and medical care (Article 41 of the current Constitution of the Russian Federation), as well as on the norms on the organization of public power in the Russian Federation. Analyzing the content of the legal literature, the current legislation, the Author came to the conclusion that for the analysis of the correlation between the concepts of constitutional and legal and administrative-legal regulation in the field of health care, the provisions of Art. 71 and 72 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In particular, assigning the organization of public authority to the federal center, the Constitution of the Russian Federation thereby predetermines the principles of organization of the public administration system in the field of health care. In addition, Art. 71 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation leaves the federal authori­ties in charge of establishing a unified legal framework for the healthcare system, which is being trans­formed into legislative and subordinate regulation, including issues of managing the healthcare system. Administrative law, due to the wide possibilities of operational by-law regulation, is characterized by taking into account the latest achievements in the natural and human sciences in industry standards, sometimes faster than the legislator does.

The Impact of Quality of Public Administration on Local Economic Growth in Vietnam

This study examines how the quality of public administration influenced local economic growth in Vietnam from 2011 to 2019. Based on previous studies, we evaluate this impact through the Cobb–Douglas function includes government capital, thereby examining both the individual and interactive effects of local government expenditures and quality of public administration on local economic growth in Vietnam. The system GMM method (SGMM) was used to estimate the model with data collected from 61 provinces and cities in Vietnam in the period 2011–2019. The findings suggest that local government expenditures and quality of public administration positively influence local economic growth in Vietnam. Thereby, the authors propose policy implications to improve the efficiency of local government expenditures on local economic growth in Vietnam in terms of public administration.

Directions for improvement of health care financing system

Relevance of the research topic. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the health care financing system is an important tool for regulating social processes. Accordingly, the assessment of its institutional components, financial and economic risks in this area is an important condition for the formation and implementation of sound public policy in the field of health. Formulation of the problem. In the context of deteriorating trends in national economic development, important tasks are: substantiation of priority areas of state policy in the field of health care, in particular to strengthen the funding system in this area, ensuring an economically sound level of social standards. At the same time, the basis for the quality level of implementation of state policy in the field of health care is its coherence with the strategic directions of socio-economic development of the country in the short, medium and long term. Analysis of recent research and publications. The issue of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of health care, financing of health care is quite common in research. These are the works of foreign and domestic scientists: Barrow H., Bella P., Gupta S., Dali Eyu, Dzhigira I., Matnonnat J., Mainzyuk K., Sparkes S., Adamenko I., Lysyak L., Chugunova I. and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The above issues are relevant in connection with the deteriorating trend of economic development, the pandemic COVID-19, which requires a number of specific tasks related to strengthening the health care financing system. Problem statement, research goals. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the role of the health care financing system in the regulation of socio-economic processes; substantiate the features of the system of financing the health care sector in modern conditions; to analyze and estimate health care expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to reveal the directions of state policy on the development of the health care financing system. Method or methodology of the study. The article uses a set of research methods: a systematic approach, statistical analysis, structuring, synthesis, etc. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The role of the health care financing system in the regulation of socio-economic processes is revealed. The peculiarities of the system of financing the sphere of health care in modern conditions are substantiated. The analysis and assessment of health care expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine was carried out. The directions of the state policy on the development of the system of financing the sphere of health care are substantiated. Field of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the process of forming and implementing public policy in the field of health care. Conclusions in accordance with the article. The validity of the implementation of state policy in the field of health care is an important condition for social development. In order to improve the quality of the health care financing system, at this stage, it is advisable to: take measures to reduce the risk of violation of the sustainability of the financial security system in the field of health care, which involves the modernization of system infrastructure. Stabilization of the level of financial support for health care involves improving budget policy in terms of planning budget expenditures for health care. An important condition for the formation of an effective state policy in the field of health care is to improve the interaction of public administration in terms of informatization of this area. Solving these problems will help create conditions for sustainable social development, the introduction of modern financial tools in the field of health.

CHALLENGES OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN TERMS OF SPREAD CORONAVIRUS

Since December 31 2019, the disease caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world since the first cases of the virus were reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, the Georgian government has taken steps to prevent the spread of the virus and to meet high standards of economic security, while reducing the negative impact of the virus and supporting the private sector and citizens. The current situation has affected both a large part of the country's citizens and companies. A balance needs to be struck between ensuring people’s lives and health and reducing the negative impact on the economy. It is noteworthy that the state has taken and continues to take measures to alleviate the negative processes caused by the pandemic, even in the face of constraints. It is especially important to cover as many people and businesses as possible with the limited resources. The issue of introduction of electronic technologies in public administration has become particularly relevant. "E-Government" allows citizens to receive a variety of services they need without leaving home (for example, the activities of the Service Agency in the field of public service delivery). It should be noted that the rapid development of information technology in public administration is an important factor in our time, especially under the influence of the coronavirus. The first twenty years of the XXI century are a period of radical transformation in the world, and the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has further accelerated change in many directions. Traditional views on economic, political and cultural values have changed. The rapid development of information technologies in connection with the globalization of the world economy has become a kind of catalyst for these changes. Currently, a new "e-government", "electronic technologies" is being laid in the world. The development of information technology has made possible the fundamental changes in the technology of production of commercial operations established over the centuries. In this regard, the "e-government" is noteworthy, which leads to changes in the development of the country's social Field. This involves a number of measures. Its main goals are to create technological guidelines for the formation of civil society, as well as to introduce and disseminate information technologies to increase the efficiency of public administration. The crisis caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) since 2020 has posed new challenges to Georgia as well as the rest of the world. The pandemic has affected all areas of public life. Therefore, the main goal for the construction of a developed European state at this stage was to overcome the pandemic crisis, rapid economic recovery and development, to create a stable and secure environment for every citizen. Public confidence in the political system increases the legitimacy of government when governance, in particular the delivery of public services, is effective, public figures are accessible to citizens, and government agencies and departments work together in a coordinated and consistent manner. As we have mentioned, the coronavirus pandemic has posed new problems to almost every country in the world, including Georgia and its economy. However, the pandemic has created new opportunities and prospects for development.. The economic policy of the country in the coming years should be based on the principles of the free market. Today, one of the priorities of the government in Georgia should be the development of E-Government, which also includes increasing access to E-Services. It is important, on the one hand, to digitize internal processes in public agencies for greater efficiency and to further refine and expand remote services to increase accessibility and efficiency, and, on the other hand, to provide simplified, customer-oriented and quality E-Government services for citizens and businesses. When we talk about the challenges of public administration in terms of the spread of the coronavirus, we think, it should be noted: In order to develop remote services, it needs to be developed Electronic archive service of the National Archives and new catalogs. Issues related to the establishment and activities of legal entities under public law should be regulated by law and in order to categorize existing legal entities under public law, their functional analysis should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the legislation. Improve the system of distribution and management of public finances in order to strengthen accountability and responsibility; Also set standards for reporting on the implementation of programs and projects implemented during the year, as well as their publication and presentation to the public at both central and local levels. The present article discusses the current issues of public administration challenges in the context of the spread of coronavirus.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE REIMAGINING OF PUBLIC OF ADMINISTRATION / ԱՐՀԵՍՏԱԿԱՆ ԲԱՆԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԵՎ ՀԱՆՐԱՅԻՆ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՎԵՐԱԻՄԱՍՏԱՎՈՐՈՒՄԸ

There is an urgent need to understand and generate awareness about AI’s impact on public administration and to shed lights on the resources that it can provide to support public administration managers in their work. Due to its revolutionary aspect and the dramatic technological changes that AI will imply such as rapidity, availability of Big Data, simulation, and monitoring it will definitely, entail a change of paradigms in public administration in terms of laws, management, data collection, jobs, training and public policy. The tremendous speedy development in AI algorithms, the dramatic increase in speed and computing power, the ability to generate, store, and retrieve massive amount of data from various sources in fractions of a second will lead governments at all levels as well as citizens to this new technology in terms of change, innovation, hierarchy, training, privacy, ethics, and surveillance.

Political Aspects of Public Administration in the Public Sector of Ukraine

The article reveals the basic theoretical principles of public administration. The stages of formation and development of public administration are studied. It was found that public administration, as a system of public administration in Ukraine, needs to be reformed in a market economy and democratization of society. The main problems of formation and development of the system of public administration in terms of compliance with the European political trend of integration of public and personal factors, expanding the sphere of state influence while maximizing rights and freedoms, absolutization of the administrative factor of social transformations are considered. It is established that public administration: provides implements the decisions of the authorities; applies democratic, public, liberal forms and methods of managing the social, social and economic development of the country. The main factors that influenced the emergence in many countries of the world of such a new form of government in the public sector as public administration. Based on the understanding of the peculiarities of the evolution of the management model in the public sector, the need to introduce the concept of "public administration" into scientific circulation is substantiated. Recommendations for decentralization of management in the context of domestic reforms to increase the efficiency of the system of public authorities on an innovative basis are offered. In this context, it is extremely important to implement initiatives on constitutional changes in the decentralization of power, the priorities of the Public Administration Reform Strategy of Ukraine for 2016-2020; development of a new version of the Law of Ukraine "On Civil Service", which regulates the basic principles, legal and organizational principles of public service.

СУТНІСТЬ АНТИКРИЗОВОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА ПРИНЦИПИ ЙОГО ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ

The article considers the issues of that arise in systems of various kinds, primarily in the social systems to which the state belongs. Therefore, in the conditions of constant transformations of the socio-political system of Ukraine, the process of development and use of effective methods and forms of anti-crisis measures is relevant. Any social system operates under conditions of certain risk and uncertainty. Under conditions of instability of internal and external conditions, the levels of risk factors and uncertainty increase and the activity of this system may be ineffective and cause a new crisis. Since the state is also a social system, crises at the national level can occur in any country at any stage of its development and be caused by both external and internal conditions. The state's efforts in should focus on finding ways to maximize the preservation and use of existing scientific and technological potential, human capital, and social support for reforms. The purpose of this article is to explore and analyze the concept of crisis management and to define its basic principles in terms of public administration. The article analyzes various definitions of crisis as well as considers the stages of the life cycle of design, implementation and of complex systems in terms of and various aspects of public administration. The state, as a social system, is also experiencing cyclical development and decline, so the process of managing the social system (state) must always be anti-crisis. The process of is consciously built on the criteria of rationality, use of resources, maximum efficiency, time savings. The main task of is to identify in time, quickly work out possible options for action, choose the best option and effectively implement it in the system, preventing the accumulation of critical crises. Therefore, the most justified is the systematic and comprehensive use of available tools of with the restrictions imposed by the current situation, regulatory support and resource constraints. At the same time, the possibilities for the application of one or another tool of public administration (regulation) depend on the type of economic system, which is taken as the basis for building a social system (state). Key words: cyclical development and crises, social system, state, anti-crisis management, mechanisms and tools of anti-crisis management.

ОЦЕНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЕМ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

Currently, the analysis of the causes and consequences of differences in territorial systems (municipalities, regions) by individual social, demographic and economic indicators, as well as by the totality of their interaction, is becoming more and more significant and relevant. Achieving sustainable and integrated development of rural areas is an important task of state and municipal administration. In the study, the authors focus on the effectiveness of public administration in terms of meeting the needs of the population of rural areas, and describe the tools that provide a link between the basic conditions and the final result of management decisions. The basis of the analytical study was the degree of satisfaction of the population of the municipalities of the Novgorod region with the set of implemented measures in the context of the program of integrated development of rural settlements. The authors used the approach of constructing structural groupings to characterize and justify the composition of the municipalities of the Novgorod region in the directions (spheres) and the degree of actualization of needs. The article presents the results of the ranking of municipalities in the region in order to determine the most significant territories for the implementation of the measures of the integrated development program. Thus, the authors touch upon the aspect of assessing the potential of the territory to improve the effectiveness of using public administration tools.

МЕТОДИ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ: АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the criteria of correlation of methods of legal regulation and methods of public administration. Characteristics of public management methods are described. Administrative and legal means of public administration are classified. Conclusions and proposals aimed at improving legislation in this area have been formulated. The purpose of the article is to characterize the methods of public administration in terms of administrative and legal regulation. Realization of the set purpose provides the decision of a number of tasks, such as: 1) definition of essence of a category "a method of public management"; 2) characteristics of general methods of public administration; 3) to establish a system of special methods of public administration and 4) to draw conclusions from the optimization of administrative and legal regulation of the implementation of methods of public administration. Scientific novelty. The article substantiates the expediency of separating general and special methods of public administration, where the latter should ensure the implementation of sectoral tasks of administrative and legal regulation. In conclusion, the article emphasizes that the administrative and legal regulation of relations in any area of public relations is established by imperative or dispositive legal norms, which are implemented through the methods of public administration. In turn, public administration is implemented through appropriate means, which are divided into general and special. The general administrative and legal means of public administration, which are used in any sphere of public relations, include means of encouragement, persuasion, administrative warning, state control and supervision, state coercion, application of measures of administrative responsibility. The choice of special administrative and legal methods of public administration should indicate the sectoral direction of their implementation (for example, in the use of natural resources such methods are monitoring the environment, forecasting the development of mineral resources, environmental licensing, environmental and economic assessment of natural resources).

ПРИЧИНИ ТА НАСЛІДКИ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19: УРОКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ ТА СВІТУ

The general articulation of the issue and its connection with the important research and practice tasks. The article analyzes the causes and consequences of the pandemic, the impact of forms of government and management styles and information openness of governments on the development and dissemination of COVID-19. The global threats to humanity are studied, their mutual influence and the necessity of the complex decision of questions concerning minimization of their influence are established.The documents of the United Nations on counteraction to global threats to mankind are analyzed, the dependence of the number of infected and died of COVID-19 persons in the countries of the world on indicators of quality of human development is established.The study of these issues was conducted within the research topics «State and prospects of science of public administration» (DR № 0118U000633) and «Theoretical principles and mechanisms for the implementation of innovation processes in public administration» (DR № 0118U100146).The analysis of the recent publications regarding the issues this article deals with; identification of parts of the general problem that have not been previously addressed. An analysis of publications on the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed existing gaps in the study of the causes and spread of the pandemic, which are important from the point of view of public administration in terms of understanding the relationships and dependencies between governments and international institutions, global threats and human desire. governments to counter these threats.The purpose (the objective) of this article. The aim of the article is a comprehensive analysis of information on the origin and consequences of the coronavirus pandemic to develop mechanisms to combat the spread of COVID-19 and recommendations to public authorities in Ukraine aimed at developing new social behavior in a pandemic.The key results and the background. A comprehensive mechanism for counteracting the spread of coronavirus infection, which is to minimize the transmission of infection and implemented through the use of moral and ethical, socio-political, economic, informational, administrative and other methods, as well as mechanisms of self-regulation and self-development of economic and social needs.Conclusions and the prospects of the further research. In conclusion, there is no simple explanation for the origin, spread, treatment of COVID-19 and universal recommendations for minimizing the impact of coronavirus on human life. Each country is unique, with its own traditions, culture, values and therefore must individually develop its own mechanisms to combat the spread of COVID-19. This is what further research should be aimed at.

Financing the needs of the defence sector in Ukraine

Purpose. The aim of the article is to comprehensive study of the financing of expenditures for the needs of the defence sector in Ukraine, practical study and analysis of their composition and dynamics for the national security and defence of the state in the ongoing aggression of the Russian Federation. Methodology of research. A set of general scientific research methods was used to achieve the defined goal and objectives, which made it possible to present directions for improving the process of financing the expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine for the needs of the defence sector. The scientific literature, normative and legislative documents on the topic of scientific research are considered. Thus, descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of data on the amount of financial support for military expenditures from the state budget. A method of comparison was used to identify trends and patterns in the financing of expenditures for the needs of the defence sector of the state. It allowed to identify the dynamics of defence expenditures on their functional basis. With the help of a systematic approach it was possible to study the patterns of financing the expenditures of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and to identify the need to provide budget funds for innovative developments and capital investments in the production of military equipment and military education. Methods of classification (typology) were identified to systematize the factors that have a significant impact on strengthening the defence and national security of Ukraine, and thus on the social and economic development of our state. Findings. The main reasons for the reduction of funding for expenditures for the needs of the defence sector in Ukraine are identified, which are primarily: the lack of budget requests from the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine, which are not registered by the State Treasury Service of Ukraine; imperfection of the legal and regulatory framework in the field of financing military expenditures in relation to their ratio to GDP; lack of financial component in the strategic plans for the development of the defence complex of Ukraine. This is accompanied by negative social and economic phenomena and a tense political situation in the country due to hostilities in the East. The main directions of solving problems in the field of financing defence expenditures in Ukraine are substantiated, which include: bringing in line with the provisions of certain regulations governing the relationship between expenditures for the needs of the defence industry and GDP; establishing the projected amounts of expenditures for the medium and long term, providing for their mandatory amounts in the financial component of the documents on the strategic planning of the development of the defence-industrial complex of Ukraine; increase in capital transfers of the special fund of the State Budget of Ukraine to finance the needs of the state defence sphere, taking into account the need for innovative developments and capital investments in the production of military equipment; formation of the state order for the industrial enterprises of machine-building branch, capable to make accessories for needs of a defence industrial complex; reducing corruption by ensuring greater transparency in the governance of military authorities and the implementation of NATO procedures, principles and standards. Originality. The directions of improvement of practical approaches in the field of management of budgetary funds directed on financing of the defence sphere in Ukraine are singled out. Practical value. The results of scientific research can be implemented in the activities of public administration in terms of the use of measures of operational management of public expenditures on defence and national security in a military conflict. Key words: state budget, expenditures, budget request, functional classification of expenditures, military activity, national security.

Mechanisms for the development of staffing of the civil service: theoretical aspect

New requirements for public administration put forward requirements for the civil service and its main resource – civil servants able to provide quality services and work to achieve results in the public interest, apply European standards of public administration and make public policy in the face of change. In turn, the need to address the challenges outlined above revisits the theoretical foundations related to the development of the staffing potential of the civil service (SРСS) and the improvement of the state-administrative mechanisms that provide it.
 The main idea of the article is to theoretically substantiate the mechanisms of development of the SРСS in the conditions of anthropological orientation of public administration.
 The state of the research of the phenomenon of «staffing potential of the civil service» in the scientific discourse is analyzed and its conceptual-categorical apparatus is developed. The essence of such basic definitions of the work as «staffing potential of the civil service», «development of staffing potential» has been established.
 At the same time, attention is paid to the fact that in the process of studying the essence of the SРСS, we turn to the subjective factor, but not in its individual-personality manifestation, but take it in a holistic-generalized, formed into a single complex of abilities (possibilities).
 The mechanisms of development of the SРСS are defined as an integral set of norms, principles, methods, tools and levers of influence, through which conditions are created for the development of the capabilities and capabilities of civil servants to perform professional tasks and implement state functions. The composition and structure of the SРСS from the point of view of its development have been specified and on this basis, the mechanisms of public administration of this process have been identified, namely, organizational and legal, resourceful, motivational and informational and communicative.
 It is established that the identified mechanisms for the development of the staffing potential of the civil service interact closely with each other. Thus, the identified mechanisms for the development of the SРСS form organizational, legal, motivational-value and other integrated ways of stimulating the civil service personnel to self-knowledge, self-improvement and self-realization in order to solve public tasks and realize the functions of public administration in terms of its reform.

Daniel Tagle Zamora

The issue of urban solid waste management (grsu) in León, Guanajuato, has various pending issues, essentially defining a strategy aimed at gradually reducing the generation of waste in the municipality for the decade that begins in accordance with the physical limits and environment of the landfill. The communication and environmental education components, from the public agency as pillars aimed at promoting less waste generation and adequate separation at source, present serious problems of articulation and operation to generate synergies with producers, merchants and consumers. In the institutional, financial, as well as infrastructure part, the para-municipal presents points considered as weak to carry out immediate processes of reduction, separation, treatment and use of the city's waste. In this research, the various programs directed by the municipal public administration in terms of urban solid waste reduction are analyzed from the perspective of the circular economy. Within the methodological approach, semi-structured interviews were carried out with the actors responsible for the various reduction programs of the municipality, as well as the review of various statistical indicators on waste. Within the approach considered for the analysis, the circular economy was selected, especially due to the broad link it has with the field of generation and final disposal of waste. The results found in the investigation indicate that the paramunicipal is initiating a process of collecting and separating waste that they are paying to reduce the income to the landfill; however, the foregoing is not associated with generating new practices of commercial producers and society in general focused on eliminating the generation of waste from origin. The reduction programs therefore represent a mere environmental palliative that pays limitedly to the 2030 sustainable development agenda.

CURRENT STATUS OF STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL OF UKRAINE AND WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT

The urgency of the research is conditioned by the crisis of state financial control in Ukraine, in particular by the artificial lowering of the role of the state financial control for public administration in terms of determining the problems and prospects of the socio-economic development of the country. The study is evaluating the results of control measures conducted by the State Audit Service of Ukraine and the Accounting Chamber of Ukraine, development of recommendations for their improvement and phrasing. The methodological framework of the research is a comparative analysis of the series of dynamics of the established financial violations, systematic analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the revealed violations, cause-and-effect analysis of the dynamics of the revealed financial violations, abstract-logical method, synthesis and generalization to substantiate the basic theoretical provisions, formulation of conclusions. The scientific results. Based on the performance evaluation of state financial control the article proves the failure of contemporary inquiries to support the interests of the state and civil society, defines the main reasons of such inconsistency. It is also determined that the significant improvement of the situation can be achieved through: awareness of the importance of the parliament and government of state control as an exclusive functionality tool of information source for nationwide scale management decisions centers about the actual situation in the national economy; accomplishment of the concept of preventive controls to facilitate optimization controls, saving budget funds for their implementation and state control servicing, establishment of the necessary evidence for further damages compensation to the state and reduction of the number and volume of financial misconducts in the future; centralization of state financial control, which will consolidate efforts to control completeness of formation, legitimacy, appropriateness and distribution efficiency, redistribution and use of financial resources of the state, eliminate duplication of control tools, create a single database of control tools and their results, optimize servicing costs of state financial control bodies. The practical significance of the research is to develop first-priority recommendations for improving the organizational foundations of state financial control and methods of conducting control measures. Significance/originality. The results obtained form an integrated view of the consequences of functioning of the state financial control bodies, the level of legal consciousness, professional competence and responsibility of officials of state authorities, local self-government, and other entities of economic relations for the consequences of managing state financial resources.

Kamu Yönetiminde Liyakatin Önemi: Adalet Temelinde Bir Değerlendirme

Kamu yönetimi, yapısı ve işleyişi itibariyle geniş bir olgudur. Kamusal nitelikteki hizmetlerin sunulmasında devletin en büyük ve en önemli örgütsel yapısını oluşturan kamu yönetiminin etkin ve verimli bir şekilde işlemesi hem vatandaş ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesinde hem de genel manada devletin sunmuş olduğu hizmetlerde başarı oranının yükselmesinde oldukça etkilidir. Kamu yönetiminin, varlık nedeni doğrultusunda faaliyet göstermesi ve kendisinden beklenen amaçlara ulaşabilmesi gerekmektedir. Kamu yönetiminin amacı doğrultusunda faaliyet göstermesi onun mümkün mertebe sorunsuz bir şekilde işlemesi ile yakından ilişkilidir. Sorunsuz ve başarılı bir yönetim için ise adalet ve liyakat kavramları önem kazanmaktadır. Genel anlamda her insana hak ettiğinin verilmesini ifade eden adalet, herkesin yeteneklerine uygun olan işle meşgul olmasını ifade eden liyakati gerekli kılmaktadır. Adaletin en güzel tezahürlerinden biri olan liyakatin kamu yönetiminde uygulanması, kamu yönetiminin en önemli unsuru olan ‘insan’ unsurundan verim elde edilmesini ve yönetimin başarılı olmasını sağlamaktadır. Liyakat ve adalet ile ilgili tarihi ve güncel fikir ve düşünceler üzerine oluşturulan bu çalışmada öncelikle ‘liyakat’ kavramı açıklanmıştır. Çalışmanın devamında ise liyakat kavramı adalet temelinde değerlendirilerek kamu yönetimi açısından önemi ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada bir yandan liyakatin adalet ile sağlanabileceği ortaya konmaya çalışılırken, diğer yandan liyakatin kamu yönetimi için vazgeçilmez bir kavram olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur.

Issues of economic security and public administration in terms of Russia's economic security strategy

Issues of economic security and public administration in terms of Russia's economic security strategy

ДИДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЯ В УКРАЇНІ: ПОНЯТТЯ, ПРОБЛЕМИ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ТА ЗАВДАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

The article analyzes the implementation of e-democracy and the digital economy and the corresponding changes in the terminology of public administration in Ukraine. The aim of the study is to find out the reasons for the active expansion of the terminology of modern Ukrainian and to link this process with the progress of reforms; to identify the essence of certain concepts, expediency of their use in official materials; to define the perspectives of digitization, its peculiarities in Ukraine and the tasks in terms of public administration. The research hypothesis is based on the perception of e-democracy and e- government not as technological solutions but as a modern concept that requires significant changes in public administration and should become a chance for the successful development of Ukraine. The use of the new terminology has objective reasons, but there must be justification and some limits. The author’s conclusions are grounded on the analysis of regulatory and legal base of informatization, scientific researches and Internet resources. The stages of informatization in Ukraine are identified. It is noted that in Ukraine, individual users and small businesses are far ahead of the state, pushing it to reform. Therefore, the author argues for a certain conditionality of the reforms, which is caused by the objective laws of social development. It is emphasized that the active use of the terms “digitization”, “reloading”, “restart” is an objective process, which reflects primarily the instability of Ukrainian reforms, the lack of their consistency and continuity, and at the same time has the task of encouraging, explaining, simplification, being a manifestation of a certain terminological equilibrium. This conclusion is supported by a comparison with the practice of reforms in Bulgaria and Poland, where the terminology of reforms is much more restrained. The problems of digitization in Ukraine are related not only to the technological backwardness, but also to the imperfection of public administration, which is heavily influenced by the oligarchs and is externally influenced. Therefore, e-democracy and the digital economy can develop effectively only if the internal contradictions will be overcome and the national unity based on national values will be achieved.