Terms Of Inaccuracy Research Articles

American Academy of Ophthalmology Recommendations on Screening for Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis

The American Academy of Ophthalmology evaluated the practice of routine screening for intraocular infection from Candida septicemia. In the United States, ophthalmologists are consulted in the hospital to screen for intraocular infection routinely for patients with Candida bloodstream infections. This practice was established in the era before the use of systemic antifungal medication and the establishment of definitions of ocular disease with candidemia. A recent systematic review found a rate of less than 1% of routinely screened patients with endophthalmitis from Candida septicemia. Other studies found higher rates of endophthalmitis but had limitations in terms of inaccuracies in ocular disease classification, lack of vitreous biopsies, selection biases, and lack of longer-term visual outcomes. Some studies attributed ocular findings to Candida infections, rather than other comorbidities. Studies also have not demonstrated differences in medical management that are modified for eye disease treatment; therefore, therapy should be dictated by the underlying Candida infection, rather than be tailored on the basis of ocular findings. In summary, the Academy does not recommend a routine ophthalmologic consultation after laboratory findings of systemic Candida septicemia, which appears to be a low-value practice. An ophthalmologic consultation is a reasonable practice for a patient with signs or symptoms suggestive of ocular infection regardless of Candida septicemia.

Ways to Solve Problems in the Field of Land Relations at The Present Stage

This study examines the problems of geodetic support of cadastral works in terms of inaccuracies in determining the coordinates of land boundaries. The problems of the geodesic industry as a whole are also considered, in particular, in the section of engineering and geodetic surveys of the Voronezh region there are many flaws, contradictions, and shortcomings. In this paper, all these negative phenomena will be revealed, the causes will be identified, and a solution to these problems will be proposed. The paper reveals the concept of "infrastructure of geodetic works". The analysis of the current state of the infrastructure of geodetic works on the territory of the Voronezh region of the Russian Federation is performed. A regional program for reconstruction and improvement of the quality of coordinate descriptions of points in geodetic networks of the Voronezh region was proposed and developed. Conclusions are drawn and suggestions are given for the success of the reconstruction of the infrastructure of geodetic works in the Voronezh region

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN (DIKSI) PILIHAN KATA OLEH PEJABAT LEGISLATIF DAN TOKOH PARTAI TINGKAT PROVINSI DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK

The purpose of this study was to describe the forms of errors in use (diction) of the choice of words by provincial legislative and party leaders in West Sumatra on social media. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data source in this study is utterances written by legislative officials and party leaders on Facebook. The results showed 199 data / utterances were careful, in the use of word choice in terms of inaccuracy, inaccuracy, and discrepancies, found 13 speeches that did not follow the use of word choice in terms of discrepancies, 3 utterances that did not follow the use of word choice in terms of inaccuracies, and 2 utterances that do not follow the use of word choices in terms of non-conformityKeyword: word choice, legislative officers, facebook

Analysis of medical diagnostic reports (constats) on dental injuries from terminological, dental and forensic medical points of view

Writing a constat is a professional skill required of every general physician and dentist. Constats are issued by healthcare providers on the investigating authority's, court's or injured person's request. This document is an official judicial evidence, a record of medical examination, and it is also a medical opinion which can determine the outcome of the subsequent legal process. Incomplete and incorrect injury descriptions make it difficult for forensic experts to form accurate and appropriate opinions. The authors examined 147 dental and oral surgical constats from the Universities of Pécs and Debrecen using multidisciplinary approach (according to terminological, dental, surgical, forensic and criminal legal aspects). Several medical reports contained mistakes in terms of inaccuracies and self-contradictions, terminology and professional medical practice. The documents included 352 injuries (11.1% of which were tooth injuries, 47.7% bone injuries and 41.2% soft-tissue injuries). The low number of attributes per injury (0.64 on average) indicates insufficient documentation. As a result of the comparative analysis, significant differences were found between the documentation of dental injuries and that of other bone injuries pertaining to their information content. We can state that physicians are most consistent when describing bone injuries, while they are less articulate about tooth injuries. The authors provide an overview of the legal consequences of injuries as well as the legal practice regarding tooth injuries in Germany and Austria, and recommend the creation of a nationwide, unified terminology for both dental and trauma departments on nasal and dental injuries. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(51): 2154-2161.

Gravitational Search Algorithm Based Technique for Voltage Stability Improvement

<p>Voltage instability problem has been known as a significant threat to power system operation since its occurrence can lead to power interruption. This phenomenon can be due to uncontrollable load increment, line and generator outage contingencies or unplanned load curtailment. Optimal reactive power dispatch involving reactive power support can be one of the options for improving voltage stability of a power system, which also requires optimization process. Optimal sizing and location can of reactive power support can avoid the system from experiencing over-compensated or under-compensated phenomena. The presence of optimization techniques has helped solving non-optimal phenomenon, nevertheless some setbacks have also been experienced in terms of inaccuracy and stuck in local optima. This paper presents the application of Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) technique in attempt to solve optimal reactive power dispatch problem in terms of reactive power support for voltage stability improvement. Optimization process tested on IEEE 14-bus Reliability Test System (RTS) has revealed its superiority with significant promising results in terms of voltage stability improvement in the test system. </p>

Influence of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters on the Surface Texture Quality of Carrara Marble

Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting technology has been used extensively for the cutting and processing of almost all engineering materials because of its precise cutting technique and the lack of damage caused. Currently, the use of abrasive waterjet cutting in the natural stone industry is increasing. However, the effectiveness of abrasive waterjet cutting of natural stones is dependent on the rock properties and machine operating parameters. Consequently, this paper presents the influence of abrasive waterjet machining parameters on the surface texture quality of Carrara marble. The results have shown that the abrasive waterjet cutting process offers better cut surface texture quality of Carrara marble under certain parameter conditions as well as being more environmentally-friendly. The stand-off distance shows the opposite effect on both surface roughness and waviness. With a view to reducing the machining costs, every user tries to select the traverse rate of the cutting head to be as high as possible, but results show that increasing the traverse rate always causes a corresponding increase in terms of inaccuracy, surface roughness, Ra ≈ 93.7 μm, and waviness, Wa ≈ 92.6 μm. The abrasive mass flow rate is not a significant parameter during the cutting process. In all investigations, it was found that the machined surface of the marble is smoother near the jet entrance, Ra ≈ 4 μm, and waviness, Wa ≈ 5 μm, and increasingly becomes rougher towards the jet exit. The result also shows that the micro-hardness value of the Carrara marble was in the range of 122 HV to 124 HV.

Multicenter evaluation of the reliability of five blood glucose monitoring systems

As part of a tender AP-HP Paris Hospitals, an assessment of the reliability record of five blood glucose monitoring systems (BGMSs) (Optium Xceed (Abbott), Contour TS (Bayer), One Touch Ultra (Lifescan), Stat Strip Xpress (Nova) and Accu Check (Roche) and an evaluation of their sensitivity to changes in hematocrit were conducted in 4 hospitals of Paris. In terms of inaccuracy, all BGMSs have submitted CV repetability under the limits of acceptability. One BGMS (Lifescan) presented a CV of reproducibility outside limit of acceptability (13.1%). The inaccuracy was measured by a comparison method on multiparameter analyser relative to the hexokinase method for two sites, the glucose oxidase for the two others. The coefficients of correlation varied from 0.8405 to 0.9303. However, according to both defined acceptability criteria (absolute value difference between the result acquired on analyzer and those determined with the BGMS), the percentage of results outside acceptability was above 20% for two BGMSs (Abbott and Lifescan). Similarly, a net effect of changes in hematocrit was observed on the results of those two BGMSs. BGMS Nova was the most reliable, because of the correction device for hematocrit and blank substractions owed to interferences. In terms of expertise, BGMSs Nova and Roche have been selected with the best analytical performance and practicability satisfactory. In the future, accreditation with standard NF/EN 22870 requested for point of care testing, will require a close collaboration between biologists and clinicians to establish a system of strict quality control to detect deviations of these BGMSs.

Challenges in the application of spatial computable general equilibrium models for transport appraisal

The use of spatial computable general equilibrium (SCGE) models for assessing the economic impacts of transport projects is one of the key items on the research agenda for project appraisal in the Netherlands. These models are particularly suitable for analysing indirect effects of transport projects through linkages between the transport sector and the wider economy. Potentially, according to the literature, indirect effects that are additional to first-order direct cost reductions can turn out to be up to almost 80% in magnitude of the direct impacts. Given the relevance of these models for policy appraisal, experiences with this new modelling approach are important to report. After two years of development and application of SCGE models for transport appraisal, we found that the translation of theory behind the spatial equilibrium models into practical model specifications and empirical applications is a challenging task, and may lead to problems in project appraisal in terms of inaccuracies in the assessment of impacts. This paper discusses some key challenges we encountered with the specification of the Dutch SCGE model RAEM. This chapter is especially useful for researchers developing SCGE applications for use in transport appraisal and those who want to get a better understanding of differences between theoretical and computable SCGE modelling.

The Epidemiology of Weight Perception: Perceived Versus Self-reported Actual Weight Status among Albertan Adults

Background: To understand, prevent, and manage weight-related health issues, researchers and clinicians rely on the ability to identify those at risk. Prevention and management strategies may also rely on accurate self-perception of weight and body composition in the general population. Methods: We analyzed data from The Tomorrow Project® (n=7,436), a prospective cohort study enrolling adults aged 35-69 years, in Alberta, Canada. Weight perception accuracy was defined based on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and a combined (BMI and WC) risk profile. Results: The majority of participants correctly perceived themselves as overweight. Women were more accurate than men in identifying themselves as overweight. In terms of inaccuracy, more normal-weight women than men perceived themselves to be overweight, while more overweight men than women perceived themselves as about the right weight. When using the combined risk profile, all men with normal weight (BMI) but higher risk WC perceived their weight as about right whereas just under half of men who were overweight (BMI) but lower risk WC perceived their weight as about right. For women, a much higher proportion recognized their weight status as overweight when only BMI was elevated compared to when only WC indicated higher risk. Discussion: Adults in our sample showed reasonable accuracy in weight perception. Gender differences reveal that women were more accurate than men in identifying themselves as overweight. Incongruence between weight status indicators was noted, indicating the importance of using both BMI and waist circumference as health status measures. Key words: Weight perception; body mass index; waist circumference; obesity

The epidemiology of weight perception: perceived versus self-reported actual weight status among Albertan adults.

To understand, prevent, and manage weight-related health issues, researchers and clinicians rely on the ability to identify those at risk. Prevention and management strategies may also rely on accurate self-perception of weight and body composition in the general population. We analyzed data from The Tomorrow Project (n = 7,436), a prospective cohort study enrolling adults aged 35-69 years, in Alberta, Canada. Weight perception accuracy was defined based on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and a combined (BMI and WC) risk profile. The majority of participants correctly perceived themselves as overweight. Women were more accurate than men in identifying themselves as overweight. In terms of inaccuracy, more normal-weight women than men perceived themselves to be overweight, while more overweight men than women perceived themselves as about the right weight. When using the combined risk profile, all men with normal weight (BMI) but higher risk WC perceived their weight as about right whereas just under half of men who were overweight (BMI) but lower risk WC perceived their weight as about right. For women, a much higher proportion recognized their weight status as overweight when only BMI was elevated compared to when only WC indicated higher risk. Adults in our sample showed reasonable accuracy in weight perception. Gender differences reveal that women were more accurate than men in identifying themselves as overweight. Incongruence between weight status indicators was noted, indicating the importance of using both BMI and waist circumference as health status measures.

Life events, psychiatric disorder and physical illness

Investigator- and respondent-based approaches to measurement are outlined and the limitations of the latter for life-event research are discussed in terms of inaccuracy and bias. An investigator-based approach has much greater potential for accuracy. Furthermore, its greater flexibility allows methods of meeting possible bias in reporting and rating which are largely ruled out by respondent-based measures. The failure of recent prospective studies, using respondent-based instruments, to show an association between life events and onset of various kinds of disorder are discussed in these terms; and also in terms of the assumption built into the Holmes-Rahe instrument that the influence of life events is additive. The second part of the paper discusses some of the aetiological models which have been developed with the use of investigator-based measures. It goes on to deal with the requirements of future research and the role that prospective research can be expected to play. It is argued that the latter are of limited relevance to the study of life events as such; here it is more important to develop instruments capable of accuracy, sensitivity and that have some control over possible bias in reporting and rating. However, prospective designs are likely to play a major role in the study of background protective factors such as amount and type of social support.

Atomic Heats of Copper, Silver, and Gold from 1°K to 5°K

The atomic heats of copper, silver and gold have been determined in the temperature interval 1.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 5.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} K. The measured values can be described adequately by a linear plus a cubic term in temperature. Any deviations from this relationship are explainable in terms of inaccuracies in the presently accepted helium vapor pressure\char22{}temperature scale. In fact, it is shown that the temperature scale corrections, necessary to correct the data to the simple law given above, essentially agree with temperature scale corrections suggested by other work. Values of the coefficient of the linear term (electron heat capacity) and the Debye characteristic temperature have been derived and compared with several indirect determinations, as well as with other calorimetric data, where possible. The values of the electronic heat capacity determined in the work are consistently lower than those from previous work on copper and silver.

Utilization of the peat bogs of Canada

The use of spatial computable general equilibrium (SCGE) models for assessing the economic impacts of transport projects is one of the key items on the research agenda for project appraisal in the Netherlands. These models are particularly suitable for analysing indirect effects of transport projects through linkages between the transport sector and the wider economy. Potentially, according to the literature, indirect effects that are additional to first-order direct cost reductions can turn out to be up to almost 80% in magnitude of the direct impacts. Given the relevance of these models for policy appraisal, experiences with this new modelling approach are important to report. After two years of development and application of SCGE models for transport appraisal, we found that the translation of theory behind the spatial equilibrium models into practical model specifications and empirical applications is a challenging task, and may lead to problems in project appraisal in terms of inaccuracies in the assessment of impacts. This paper discusses some key challenges we encountered with the specification of the Dutch SCGE model RAEM. This chapter is especially useful for researchers developing SCGE applications for use in transport appraisal and those who want to get a better understanding of differences between theoretical and computable SCGE modelling.