Terms Of Grain Research Articles

Increase in growth, productivity and nutritional status of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Basmati) and enrichment in soil fertility applied with an organic matrix entrapped urea

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of eco-friendly organic matrix entrapped urea (OMEU) on growth, productivity, and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Basmati) and soil enrichment in the paddy field at Rohtak (Haryana) located near Delhi. The OMEU prepared in granular form contained cow dung, rice bran (grain cover of Oryza sativa), powder of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica), and clay soil (diameter of particles < 0.02 mm) in 1:1:1:1 ratios and saresh (plant gum of Acacia sp.) as binder along with half of the recommended dose of commercially available soluble urea (free urea; FU). Single basal application of OMEU showed an increase in plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights, root length, root, leaf and tiller numbers, soluble protein, total N and ammonium in leaves, productivity in terms of grain and straw yield, and nutritional and microbial activities of field soil over free form of urea and no fertilizer application. Nutritional status of rice grains was also improved over the free urea and no fertilizer controls. Our data indicate that OMEU, which is low cost and based on bio-degradable, non-toxic, and locally available agro-waste, can be attempted to replace the conventional use of soluble urea in rice.

ZINC-COATED UREA IMPROVES PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF BASMATI RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) UNDER ZINC STRESS CONDITION

A field study conducted for two years (2006 and 2007) at the Research Farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India showed that zinc (Zn) fertilization increased yield attributes, grain and straw yield, enhanced Zn concentrations and its uptake and improved kernel quality before and after cooking in basmati rice ‘Pusa Sugandh 5’. A 2% Zn-coating with zinc sulfate (ZnSO4·7H2O) was found to be the best but a 2% Zn-coating with zinc oxide (ZnO) was very close to it in terms of grain and straw yield and Zn concentrations in basmati rice grain and straw under Zn stress conditions. Partial factor productivity (PFP) of applied Zn varied from 984–3,387 kg grain kg Zn−1, agronomic efficiency (AE) varied from 212–311 kg grain kg−1 Zn (applied) and physiological efficiency (PE) of Zn varied from 6,384–17,077 kg grain kg−1 Zn (absorbed). Thus, adequate Zn fertilization of basmati rice can lead to higher grain yield and Zn-denser grains with improved cooking quality in basmati rices under Zn stress soil conditions.

Electrical transport properties of the composite of multiwall carbon nanotube–polypyrrole–polyvinyl alcohol below room temperature

AbstractWe have investigated electrical transport properties of the composite of multiwall carbon nanotubes–polypyrrole–polyvinyl alcohol. Samples are prepared in an in situ chemical oxidative method and they are characterized by X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope to understand their structure and morphology, respectively. Mechanism of electrical transport is done below room temperature (77–300 K) in presence and absence of magnetic field up to 1 T. Samples are following both one dimensional Mott's variable range hopping and tunneling theory. Forward interference model is used to explain the mechanism of magnetic field dependent conductivity. The real part of AC conductivity follows universal dielectric response σ′ (f) ∞ fS. The universal dielectric response parameter s varies with temperature according to correlated barrier hopping model. The variation of real part of complex impedance with frequency can be described in terms of Maxwell Wagner effect. The positive variation of AC conductivity can be explained in terms of grain and grain boundary contribution of the samples. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

Dielectric relaxation and magnetic field dependent alternating current conductivity of nanocrystalline cadmium–zinc ferrite below room temperature

The dielectric permittivity of nanocrystalline cadmium–zinc ferrite prepared by the ball milling method has been investigated within a temperature range 77≤T≤300 K in presence of a magnetic field up to 1 T and in the frequency range 20 Hz–1 MHz. The dielectric permittivity follows the power law ε /( f)∝ T n where the temperature exponent ‘ n’ is found to be frequency dependent. The dielectric properties of the samples have been analyzed in terms of electric modulus vector. The dielectric relaxation has been explained by interfacial polarization. The variation of the relaxation time with temperature indicates the presence of two different activation energies. The ac magnetoconductivity is positive for the milled sample and becomes negative for the unmilled sample. This behavior can be explained in terms of grain and grain boundary contribution to impedance of the samples.

Quality Response of Grains in Different Spikelet Positions to Temperature Stress During Grain Filling of Rice

High temperature after anthesis may degrade the grain quality of rice ( Oryza sativa L.). To understand the effect of stress duration (initial and mid grain filling stages) and the influence to grain quality at different spikelet positions, an indica cultivar and a japonica cultivar, Yangdao 6 and Yangjing 9538, were used in a pot experiment under 35 °C during the initial (8–18 d after anthesis) and mid (18–28 d after anthesis) terms of grain filling. The treatment under normal atmospheric temperature (25–27 °C) served as the control. The high-temperature treatment at initial filling stage had larger influence on grain quality than the stress imposed at mid filling stage, and the grain quality varied with cultivars and spikelet positions. Both treatments with high temperature reduced milled rice rate and head milled rice rate, but increased crude protein content; grains on the primary branches received larger effect than those on the secondary branches. In the same branch, later-flowered grains were affected greater than early-flowered grains. When high temperature was imposed at initial grain filling stage, the chalkiness degree and chalky grain percentage were significantly increased in the early-flowered grains, whereas the amylose content was significantly decreased; such variations were larger in grains on the primary branches than those on the secondary branches. Besides, the 2 cultivars showed different responses of grain quality to high-temperature stress, which indicated the fact of phenotypic difference on temperature sensitivity. Generally, the influence of temperature on rice quality was greater when the stress imposed at the earlier stage of grain filling.

Biofuels agriculture: landscape‐scale trade‐offs between fuel, economics, carbon, energy, food, and fiber

AbstractFirst‐generation biofuels are an existing, scalable form of renewable energy of the type urgently required to mitigate climate change. In this study, we assessed the potential benefits, costs, and trade‐offs associated with biofuels agriculture to inform bioenergy policy. We assessed different climate change and carbon subsidy scenarios in an 11.9 million ha (5.48 million ha arable) region in southern Australia. We modeled the spatial distribution of agricultural production, full life‐cycle net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and net energy, and economic profitability for both food agriculture (wheat, legumes, sheep rotation) and biofuels agriculture (wheat, canola rotation for ethanol/biodiesel production). The costs, benefits, and trade‐offs associated with biofuels agriculture varied geographically, with climate change, and with the level of carbon subsidy. Below we describe the results in general and provide (in parentheses) illustrative results under historical mean climate and a carbon subsidy of A$20 t−1 CO2−e. Biofuels agriculture was more profitable over an extensive area (2.85 million ha) of the most productive arable land and produced large quantities of biofuels (1.7 GL yr−1). Biofuels agriculture substantially increased economic profit (145.8 million $A yr−1 or 30%), but had only a modest net GHG abatement (−2.57 million t CO2−e yr−1), and a negligible effect on net energy production (−0.11 PJ yr−1). However, food production was considerably reduced in terms of grain (−3.04 million t yr−1) and sheep meat (−1.89 million head yr−1). Wool fiber production was also substantially reduced (−23.19 kt yr−1). While biofuels agriculture can produce short‐term benefits, it also has costs, and the vulnerability of biofuels to climatic warming and drying renders it a myopic strategy. Nonetheless, in some areas the profitability of biofuels agriculture is robust to variation in climate and level of carbon subsidy and these areas may form part of a long‐term diversified mix of land‐use solutions to climate change if trade‐offs can be managed.

Forage and Food Legumes in a Multi-Year, Wheat-Based Rotation Under Drought-Stressed Conditions in Northern Syria’s Medium Rainfall Zone

Long-term crop rotation trials were designed to assess sustainability of alternatives to traditional fallow and monocropping. The trial described here (6 years) involved wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in rotation with lentil (Lens culinaris L.), forage vetch (Vicia sativa), pasture medic (Medicago spp.), fallow and watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris). Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was compared with wheat for an additional 2 years. Cereal grain and straw yields were highest with fallow and watermelon followed by vetch, lentil and medic; the latter showed no differential effect of variable grazing intensity. Fertilizer N increased yields except in the low-rainfall years (less than 250 mm). Barley out-yielded wheat in terms of grain, but not straw. Medic yielded highest in dry matter, whereas lentil produced highest seed yield. Despite the difficulty of assessing crop and animal-oriented rotations because of non-commonality of outputs, economic considerations are foremost, but other benefits of rotations (soil quality, water-use relations) are also relevant to the overall assessment of cereal-based Mediterranean rotations. The study suggested barley rather than wheat as the desired cereal in rotation with legumes in this marginal-rainfall (350 mm) environment and provided support for the viability of vetch and lentil in the cropping system. Given the importance of sheep in the region's farming system, vetch is likely to have a major role in crop rotations.

Annual feed legume yield and quality in dryland environments in north-west Syria: 2. Grain and straw yield and straw quality

Little is known about on-farm performance of promising accessions of common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.), narbon vetch ( Vicia narbonensis L.) and grasspea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) that are adapted to the non-tropical dry areas of Central and West Asia, and North Africa, where mean annual rainfall is 200–350 mm. An on-farm study was conducted over two growing seasons in non-tropical wet and dry semi-arid environments in north-west Syria to determine effects of 0, 30, and 60 kg P/ha phosphate fertilizer rates on grain and straw yields and concentrations of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADFom), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom), and in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility (IVOMD) in the straws of 11 promising accessions of common vetch (2556, 2604 and Local), narbon vetch (2561, 2383 and 2380) and grasspea (445, 476, 519, 527 and Local), with the aim of identifying accessions with suitable adaptation and grain and quality straw yields for specific environments. A split-plot design with phosphate fertilizer rates as main-plots and accessions as sub-plots was used. Annual total rainfall during the two cropping seasons averaged 283 mm in the wet, and 140 mm in the dry environments. Grain and straw yields and straw quality varied ( P<0.05) among the accessions and species within environments and cropping seasons. The accession × phosphate fertilizer rate and growing season × phosphate fertilizer rate interactions had no effect on grain and straw yields and straw quality. The vetches produced more ( P<0.05) grain and straw than the grasspea, but the grasspea straw CP and IVOMD were higher ( P<0.05) than those of the vetches in both environments. Grain yield ranged from 472 to 2205 kg DM/ha and 254 to 1346 kg DM/ha in the wet and dry environments, respectively. Ranges for straw CP, ADFom, aNDFom and IVOMD in the wet environment were 71–130, 305–390, 431–438 g/kg DM and 486–533 g/kg OM, respectively. Corresponding ranges in the dry environment were 82–151, 272–369, 359–478 g/kg DM and 486–549 g/kg OM, respectively. In both environments, the ADFom and aNDFom were correlated to the CP ( r = −0.44 to −0.90, P < 0.01) and IVOMD ( r = −0.28 to −0.86, P < 0.01), and the CP and IVOMD were correlated ( r = 0.35–0.75, P < 0.01) in the three species. In terms of grain and quality straw yields, narbon vetch accessions 2383 and 2380 had high potential in both environments.

Potential Utilization of Mixolab for Quality Evaluation of Bread Wheat Genotypes

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the possibility of using Mixolab to assess the quality of different wheat genotypes. Mixolab data were compared with various flour quality characteristics and bread volume. The samples were chosen to represent a wide range in terms of grain and rheological properties and baking quality. There are eight paramaters used to evaluate a Mixolab curve. C1 and C2 are related to protein quality, whereas C3, C4 and C5 are related to the starch characteristics. Slopes α, β, γ are the indicators of protein weakening, starching speed, and enzymatic degradation. There were significant correlations between two Mixolab parameters (Stability and C2) and Zeleny sedimentation and Alveograph W values (P &lt; 0.01). Some of the Mixolab parameters (C3, C4, C5) were correlated with Alveograph G and P/L value (P &lt; 0.01). Mixolab values are generally in agreement with Farinograph values. There were significant negative correlations between most of the Mixolab parameters (Stability, C2, C3, C4) and Farinograph softening degree. Stability and C2 parameters of Mixolab were also significantly correlated with Farinograph stability values (P &lt; 0.01). The correlation between Mixolab stability and Farinograph stability was considerably high (r = 0.907, P &lt; 0.001). The Mixolab parameters C3, C4, and C5 were significantly correlated with bread volume. Significant correlations were observed between slope α and Zeleny sedimentation (P &lt; 0.05), Alveograph W (P &lt; 0.01), Farinograph softening degree (P &lt; 0.001), and stability (P &lt; 0.001) values.

The velocity and attenuation anisotropy of shale at ultrasonic frequency

The velocity and attenuation anisotropy of dry and oil-saturated shale were measured at laboratory ultrasonic frequency by using the transmission technique. Our purpose is to find the variation rules of wave velocity and attenuation in different directions as a function of effective pressure in dry and oil-saturated situations, and those intrinsic factors that result in such anisotropy. Using x-ray diffraction techniques and a scanning electron microscope, the causative factors for the velocity anisotropy are found to be mainly due to the alignment of clay mineral and microcracks. The attenuation of P- and S-waves also shows apparent directional dependence, but different from that of velocities. Attenuation anisotropy can be interpreted in terms of grain and pore geometry. For dry shale samples, the dominant attenuation mechanism is phase hysteresis due to static friction. On one hand, the Biot flow plays a key role in causing wave attenuation for the P-wave propagating parallel to bedding for fluid-saturated samples. On the other hand, the fluid-related attenuation is mainly attributed to the mechanisms of squirt flow for the P-wave propagating vertical to bedding.

Exploring options for managing strategies for pea–barley intercropping using a modeling approach

A modeling study was carried out into pea–barley intercropping in northern Europe. The two objectives were (a) to compare pea–barley intercropping to sole cropping in terms of grain and nitrogen yield amounts and stability, and (b) to explore options for managing pea–barley intercropping systems in order to maximize the biomass produced and the grain and nitrogen yields according to the available resources, such as light, water and nitrogen. The study consisted of simulations taking into account soil and weather variability among three sites located in northern European countries (Denmark, United Kingdom and France), and using 10 years of weather records. A preliminary stage evaluated the STICS intercrop model's ability to predict grain and nitrogen yields of the two species, using a 2-year dataset from trials conducted at the three sites. The work was carried out in two phases, (a) the model was run to investigate the potentialities of intercrops as compared to sole crops, and (b) the model was run to explore options for managing pea–barley intercropping, asking the following three questions: (i) in order to increase light capture, would it be worth delaying the sowing dates of one species? (ii) How to manage sowing density and seed proportion of each species in the intercrop to improve total grain yield and N use efficiency? (iii) How to optimize the use of nitrogen resources by choosing the most suitable preceding crop and/or the most appropriate soil? It was found that (1) intercropping made better use of environmental resources as regards yield amount and stability than sole cropping, with a noticeable site effect, (2) pea growth in intercrops was strongly linked to soil moisture, and barley yield was determined by nitrogen uptake and light interception due to its height relative to pea, (3) sowing barley before pea led to a relative grain yield reduction averaged over all three sites, but sowing strategy must be adapted to the location, being dependent on temperature and thus latitude, (4) density and species proportions had a small effect on total grain yield, underlining the interspecific offset in the use of environmental growth resources which led to similar total grain yields whatever the pea–barley design, and (5) long-term strategies including mineralization management through organic residue supply and rotation management were very valuable, always favoring intercrop total grain yield and N accumulation.

A comparison of high temperature fatigue crack propagation in various subsolvus heat treated turbine disc alloys

The microstructure and fatigue performance of three subsolvus heat treated nickel based superalloys for turbine disc applications are reported. The alloy variants studied are RR1000, N18 and Udimet 720 low interstitial (U720Li), with the latter tested both in a standard and large grain variant (LG). Their microstructures are examined in terms of grain and gamma prime size (γ′). Fatigue crack growth (FCG) rates for all materials at 650°C show that RR1000 provides the best performance, followed by U720Li-LG, N18 and U720Li. Some of the variations in FCG rate between the alloys are due to reduction in grain boundary oxidation processes with increased grain size, but more subtle interplays between grain boundary character, alloy composition and slip character are also important.

Piercing/extrusion and FSW nugget microstructure formation in Al alloys

Friction stir welding generates complex microstructures in the nugget and thermomechamically affected zones that have led to diverse explanations. Consideration as an extension of microstructure development in piercing/extrusion can lead to a better understanding of flow patterns and microstructures during friction stir welding. The nugget, thermomechanically affected and heat affected zones were microstructurally characterised in terms of grain and cell structures and of strain, strain rate and temperatures. The microstructure between the advancing and retreating zones showed an asymmetry in size and shape of grains and cells, clearly owing to a different level of strain rate to which were subjected the two zone as the pin passed.

Characterization of nanocrystalline materials by X-ray line profile analysis

X-ray line profile analysis is shown to be a powerful tool to characterize the microstructure of nanocrystalline materials in terms of grain and subgrain size, dislocation structure and dislocation densities and planar defects, especially stacking faults and twin boundaries. It is shown that the X-ray method can provide valuable complementary information about the microstructure, especially when combined with transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry.

Pre-treating paclobutrazol enhanced chilling tolerance of sweetpotato

The difference among florets within a panicle in grain filling and four hormone contents was compared by using two rice varieties differing in panicle type, i.e. compact-panicle variety Xiushui 994 and loose-panicle variety Xiushui 11. Meanwhile the effect of changing source (leaf cutting) and sink (floret removal) on grain filling and four hormone (indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin, zeatin riboside and abscisic acid)level dynamics in developing grains was also examined. The results showed that Xiushui 994 had greater variation in grain filling rate (GFR), grain weight, filled grain percent (FGP) and four hormone contents during grain filling than Xiushui 11. Moreover, the former variety also showed the greater difference in the time of having the highest hormone contents between superior and inferior florets. The change in source and sink size had great effect on grain filling process and dynamics of four hormone contents, and the extent of the effect varied with variety and floret type. For Xiushui 994, floret-removal treatment had little effect on grain weight and FGP of the superior florets, but caused a marked decrease in GFR and four hormone contents, and a delay in the time when the highest GFR and hormone contents occurred. In the source-reducing treatment, GFR, grain weight and FGP for both superior and interior florets were all decreased. For Xiushui 11, both treatments had little effect on grain development in terms of grain filling properties and hormone content change in the two types of florets. The results indicated that the grain filling of compact-panicle variety is more source-limited than that of loose-panicle one, and relative level of hormone in both superior and inferior florets determined development of inferior florets.

The creep of thin beams under small bending moments

When polycrystalline materials deform at elevated temperatures under low applied stresses by the stress directed migration of vacancies, specific features need consideration in the bending of thin beams since a relatively high stress variation may arise across individual planar grain boundaries in addition to the variation that exists between boundaries of differing inclination. The features depend on grain and beam geometry and expressions are derived for their effect on the rate of deflection of cantilevered beams. Experiments were carried out on beams of high purity copper 100 and 250 μm thick. The cantilever profiles supported the theoretical approach and showed creep rates linearly dependent on stress at rates in accord with predictions based on a diffusional creep process. A further indication of this process was the associated strain localization that resulted in fracture of 100 nm thick alumina coatings applied to some of the beams. The analysis shows how relationships change as the beam thickness approaches the grain size and permits an evaluation of the rate of beam deflection under small bending moments in terms of grain and beam dimensions.

Influence of petrographic parameters on geotechnical properties of tertiary sandstones from Taiwan

While tunneling through Tertiary sandstones in Taiwan, tunnel squeezing occurred in some of the sandstones (e.g., Mucha Tunnel and Chungho Tunnel in northern Taiwan), but not in all of them. This phenomenon indicates that the geotechnical properties of Tertiary sandstones differ from one sandstone to another, and further characterization is of interest. Laboratory experiments were conducted to explore the geotechnical characteristics, including strength, deformational behavior and wetting softening phenomena, of more than 13 Tertiary sandstones from northern Taiwan. It was found that these sandstones differ from hard rocks in having significant shear dilation and wetting softening behavior, which is defined as the reduction of both strength and stiffness of dry sandstone due to wetting. Such distinct behavior can occur even when the sandstones have medium to moderate strength. Based on the degree of wetting softening behavior as well as the deformational behavior, two types of sandstones, types A and B, were identified. Relative to type A sandstone, the type B sandstone is characterized by more deformation, shear dilation and more significant wetting softening. In addition, how the microscopic parameters (or petrographic parameters) affect the macroscopic mechanical behavior, including the deformational behavior, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and strength reduction ( R) due to wetting, was studied by petrographic analysis. Among the petrographic and physical parameters evaluated, the grain area ratio (GAR) and porosity are found to be the key parameters. As a result, empirical relations of UCS and strength reduction ( R) due to wetting, expressed in terms of porosity and grain area ratio, respectively, are proposed. Comparisons were made to sandstones worldwide from published data, and it is found that these two empirical relations are also applicable to other sandstones. Finally, a classification method, based on UCS and R on the one hand and the petrographic parameters (grain area ratio and porosity) on the other, is proposed for Tertiary sandstones to indicate the geotechnical characteristics of sandstones. This proposed classification method can also be expressed in terms of grain–matrix–porosity content of sandstones. It is also found that porosity has more influence on the UCS than grain and matrix content does.

Microstructurally controlled mullite ceramics produced from monophasic and diphasic sol-derived pastes using extrusion

Mullite ceramics with controlled microstructure in terms of grain size/shape, pore and glassy phase content were produced from sol-derived pastes using extrusion. Particular attention has been given to the development of a continuous process which is suitable for the preparation of high-solids-loading mullite pastes from two different starting mullite precursors, namely, diphasic and molecular mixed mullite sols. A combined processing technique comprising vacuum filtering and pressure filtration was introduced in order to obtain extrudable mullite pastes from low solids-loading colloidal sols. It is shown that glassy phase free stoichiometric 3:2 mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) with fine (0.94 μm) equiaxed grain microstructure is achievable from monophasic precursors after pressureless sintering at 1400°C for 3 h using the developed technique which can control both the sol-derived paste microstructure and process parameters. It is also found that the room and high temperature (1300°C) flexural strength and toughness of extruded mullites are mainly controlled by the grain size, the presence and location of glassy phase, nano-inclusions and pores at the grain boundaries. Pressureless sintered mullite derived from the monophasic sol-derived pastes provides flexural strength values of 345 and 277 M Pa for room temperature and 1300°C, respectively.

Effect of weed management practices on productivity, nutrient depletion by weeds and uptake by transplanted rice (Oryza sativa)

A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design during the rainy (kharif) season of 2012 at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, to evaluate the effect of different weed-control treatments on productivity, nutrient deple- tion by weeds as well as uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.). Weed-management practices significantly influenced yield, nutrient uptake by rice and depletion by weeds. Pre-emergence application of pretilachlor 750 g/ha + no irri- gation up to 1 week followed by (fb) early post-emergence application of bispyribac-Na (20 g/ha) provided broad- spectrum weed-control, resulting in significant reduction in N, P and K removal by the weeds. This treatment also registered the maximum total N, P and K uptake by rice (116.3, 35.6, and 108.7 kg/ha) and significantly higher grain (5.73 t/ha) as well as straw (8.39 t/ha) yields over pre-emergence application of pretilachlor , pretilachlor + no irrigation up to 1 week and cono weeding fb 1 hand-weeding, but remained at par with the other treatments. Application of penoxsulam at both the doses (22.5 and 25 g/ha) was at par with bispyribac-Na 20 g/ha in terms of grain and straw yields.

Direct and residual effects of fertilizers and biofertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake and economics of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)rice (Oryza sativa) cropping system

A two-year field experiment was conducted during the winter ( rabi) and rainy ( khar if) seasons of 201012 at Deodhe, Ratnagiri (Maharashtra), to study the direct and residual effects of different doses of fertilizers and . biofertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake and economics of groundnut ( ArachishypogaeaL.)rice ( Or yza sativa L ) cropping system. Increasing dose of fertilizers up to 125% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) significantly in- creased pod yield by 79.7% and haulm yield by 63.5% of groundnut over the control. Uptake of N, P and K by groundnut also improved significantly with successive increase in doses of fertilizers up to 125% RDF. Succeeding rice showed significant response to residual fertilizer levels up to 100% RDF in grain yield and up to 125% in straw yield and registered 16.9 and 25.4% increase over the control respectively. The N, P and K uptake by succeeding rice and total NPK uptake, rice-grain equivalent yield, production efficiency, net returns and benefit: cost ratio in groundnutrice cropping system also improved significantly with increase in doses of fertilizers up to 125% RDF applied to groundnut. The crop inoculated with biofertilizers ( Rhizobium+phosphate-solubilizing bacteria) recorded significantly higher pod (1.74 t/ha) and haulm yields (3.64 t/ha) of groundnut and grain (5.34 t/ha) and straw yields (5.52 t/ha) of succeeding rice over the control. Inoculation of groundnut with biofertilizers significantly increased N, P, K uptake by groundnut and succeeding rice (except N uptake by rice straw) as well as total N, P and K uptake (393.1 kg/ha), ricegrain equivalent yield (9.92 t/ha), net returns (66.8103 /ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.01) in groundnutrice cropping system over no inoculation. This treatment also recorded the maximum production effi- ciency of the system (38.8 kg/ha/day). Rice crop responded significantly to each higher level of fertilizer up to 125% RDF (direct) in terms of grain and straw yields as well as N, P and K uptake. Application of 125% RDF to rice recorded significantly higher total N, P and K uptake (447.1 kg/ha), ricegrain equivalent yield (10.89 t/ha), production efficiency (42.6 kg/ha/day), net returns ( 78.3103/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.17) in groundnutrice cropping system.