Evolution Of Terminology Research Articles

The introduction of the concept of anxiety into China: a thematic historical study.

This article presents a thematic historical study on the introduction of "anxiety" to modern China. Based on seminal research conducted previously by European scholars on histories of psychological and psychiatric concepts, this article reviews the itinerary of "anxiety" to China by using multiple types of textual evidence. Alongside a detailed description of how "anxiety" was translated and introduced, a comparison between the notions of "anxiety" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western psychoanalytic approaches was made. The processes of how "depression" and "anxiety" were introduced to China were also compared. Three types of textual evidence were meticulously analyzed. First, lexicographical works published since the 19th century were examined to trace the initial introduction and observe the standardized translation of "anxiety" in Chinese. Second, newspaper and periodical articles were analyzed to understand how knowledge of "anxiety" was communicated to the general public. Third, the evolution of psychological and psychiatric terminologies was observed through medical books. It was found that "anxiety" was initially translated into various Chinese terms, with "jiaolyu" eventually emerging as the standardized term after 1949. The textual evidence showed that "anxiety" began to be acknowledged as a disease concept in the early 20th century, though it was not formally recognized as a diagnostic category until the late 20th century. This article also highlights the differences between the Western psychoanalytic view on anxiety and the Chinese folk conception of it. It was observed that the introduction processes of depression and anxiety to China were similar, though their conceptual histories in the West showed much difference. The fading of neurasthenia marked a new era of psychiatric development in China, characterized by an enhanced specificity in the classification of mental disorders, which was never observed in the discourse about "xin feng," a corresponding TCM notion of "anxiety." The article also underscores the need for further exploration of corresponding TCM concepts of "anxiety" and the assimilation of Western psychiatric concepts in China.

Imaging-Guided Classification of Neovascularization in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Progress to Date.

Purpose: To review the evolution of terminology describing the classification of lesions in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) based on retinal imaging technologies. Methods: A review of the current and historical literature on imaging-guided classification of neovascularization in nAMD was performed. Results: Imaging-guided classification of neovascularization in nAMD facilitates understanding of the pathological mechanisms and disease progression. Neovascularization classification has evolved with advances in imaging technologies, from earlier classifications based on neovascularization patterns assessed by fluorescein angiography to multimodal imaging patterns, resulting in varied descriptions of lesions depending on the techniques used. Until recently, there has been a lack of consensus regarding the clinical features of choroidal neovascularization lesion types as a result of the imaging modalities initially used to define them; a recent consensus on classification has the potential to simplify and clarify descriptions of neovascularization in nAMD. The use of multimodal imaging techniques will improve lesion identification and has the potential to individualize treatment plans and improve outcomes. Conclusions: Widespread adoption of a consensus-based, image-guided classification system for neovascular lesions in nAMD and the appropriate imaging techniques used to identify them will aid clinical research and could potentially improve patient outcomes by individualizing treatment plans in the future.

The Evolution of Terminology: A Scoping Review of Terms and Concepts Used to Research Sport in the Digital Realm

ABSTRACT This study explores the terminologies used to describe sport phenomena in the digital realm. The integration of technology into sport has led to new forms of physical activity, transforming traditional sport into unique experiences. This shift has sparked debates on whether these new activities can be categorized as traditional sport. Terms like eSports, cybersport, digital sport, and virtual sport have been proposed, but a scoping review of literature reveals a lack of consensus and clarity in their definitions. After screening 12,959 articles and analyzing 229 published between 2005 and 2022, it was found that terminology use is inconsistent, with multiple terms describing the same phenomena (e.g., eSports, or competitive video gaming). This inconsistency undermines a comprehensive study of sport in the digital realm. The study lays the groundwork for further debate and discussion, fostering a better understanding of the intersection of sport and technology.

It’s Still Complicated: Rizz, Situationships, and the Evolution of Relationship Terminology

Gabrielle Juteau, Jaden Loo, and Susan L. Brown on the terms of modern dating.

Юридический язык средневековых русских купчих на землю XIV–XV вв.

This article aims to examine the history of the emergence of legal terms and expressions used in the drafting of land deeds in Russian territories during the XIV–XV centuries. The content of land deeds from this period indicates that over the centuries in medieval Russia, a distinct legal language was formed through which transactions for the sale and purchase of land were formalized. Analyzing the terminology and speech patterns used in the drafting of land deeds not only allows for a deeper understanding of our ancestors’ perceptions of the sequence of actions accompanying the process of land alienation through sale and purchase but also traces the transformation of certain commonly used words from Old Russian and Old Church Slavonic into legal terms. The findings of the study suggest that the legal language of medieval Russian land deeds was shaped by the oral practice of concluding real estate transactions predominantly based on the lexicon and linguistic expressions of the Old Russian language. In conclusion, the study of the legal language of medieval Russian land deeds sheds light on the evolution of legal terminology and linguistic practices in the region. The incorporation of traditional linguistic elements into legal discourse underscores the importance of historical context in understanding legal language. Moving forward, continued research into the linguistic and legal aspects of medieval land deeds will contribute to our understanding of the legal history of Russia and its linguistic heritage.

The renaissance and evolving design of radical polymerization

Abstract During the 49th World Polymer Congress held 17–21 July 2022 in Winnipeg, Canada, Graeme Moad presented the Stepto Lecture Award [1], describing the mechanism and terminological evolution of reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) [2, 3, 4], including more recent intricate designs through the use of light and electrical propulsion.

Unveiling Understandings of the Rio Declaration’s Sustainability Principles: A Case of Alternative Concepts, Misaligned (Dis)Connections, and Terminological Evolution

The myriad and contested meanings of ‘sustainability’ and ‘sustainable development’ lead many to refer to both concepts as meaningless, oxymoronic, and paradoxical. Yet breaking down such terms to their key principles allows for introducing core concepts, constituent meanings, and associated practices that should enable greater understanding. Despite this, understandings of the interconnected nature of sustainability and sustainable development lack a holistic perspective among students. Exploring this area further, this paper presents findings from a 6-year longitudinal survey at Southern Connecticut State University which asked sustainability studies students (n = 150) for their perspectives on the Rio Declaration’s principles of sustainability. Findings from this study elucidate the many disconnections students form predicated on limited real-world global awareness of sustainability projects alongside breaking down broad concepts to those accommodated by contemporary socio-environmental discourse. Conversely, sustainability students consider alternative concepts such as responsibility, cooperation, accountability, intersectionality, and new economic pathways to be of value and necessity as opposed to the sustainability principles encompassed in the Rio Declaration. Summarising the alternative concepts that are preferable to sustainability students, and exploring the principles and implications of related disconnections and terminological evolution, this article argues for increasing engagement from sustainability academics to explore this departure from some of the discipline’s core foundations.

The Evolution of Research in Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy: Changes Throughout Generations

This paper builds on previous reviews of physical education/sport pedagogy research over time in the areas of teaching, teacher education, and curriculum. Ideas are shared about the evolution of terminology, specializations, research, methodology, theoretical frameworks, journals and publishing outlets, parent disciplines, and where programs sit in universities. This paper also highlights contributions of the 52 National Academy of Kinesiology fellows in the area of physical education/sport pedagogy. These fellows have been productive with high H-indexes and citation numbers, suggesting high scholarly productivity, as well as impactful work. There have been recent closures of physical education/sport pedagogy doctoral programs, some of which have been offset by new and reemerging programs. Doctoral programs are critical to the future of research in physical education so that the current success can continue.

The diachronic evolution of artistic terminology in translation. Building a parallel corpus of Giorgio Vasari’s Le Vite

The diachronic evolution of artistic terminology in translation. Building a parallel corpus of Giorgio Vasari’s Le Vite

Revitalizing Urban Resilience in Thailand: Exploring Conceptual Frameworks and Terminology

This article presents a comprehensive exploration of urban resilience in the Thai context, focusing on the integration of frameworks, interpretation of concepts, and their transformative potential. Through examination and interpretation of scholarly articles, reports, policy documents, and relevant publications, we unravel the conceptual frameworks and terminology specific to Thailand’s urban resilience landscape. The study reveals the multidimensional nature of urban resilience, encompassing physical, environmental, social, economic, and institutional dimensions. By contrasting global and local terminologies, we emphasize the importance of contextualizing resilience concepts in terms of conditions that are uniquely Thai. The evolution of resilience-related terminology reflects Thailand’s shift towards a holistic and inclusive approach, emphasizing community-based processes, sustainability, and environmental protection. The implications for policy and practice offer actionable insights to foster resilience in Thai cities. Integrating local knowledge with global frameworks, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, promoting capacity building and knowledge sharing, and prioritizing monitoring and evaluation emerge as key strategies. These approaches aim to build resilient, sustainable, and inclusive urban environments that can withstand the challenges posed by climate change, rapid urbanization, and social disparities. This research serves as a foundation for further exploration, inspiring scholars, policymakers, and practitioners to delve deeper into the multifaceted aspects of Thailand’s urban resilience. By refining our understanding and harnessing collective wisdom, we can develop context-specific solutions that address the unique challenges faced by cities globally.

Terminology in the Age of AI: The Transformation of Terminology Theory and Practice

Abstract This article explores the necessary transformation of terminology theory and practice induced by advances in artificial intelligence (AI), in particular generative AI and large language models (LLMs). It underlines the centrality of terminology for accurate and efficient multilingual communication, and it studies the interaction between two different forms of language, the embodied language of humans and the algorithmic and mathematical language of AI. The analysis traces the evolution of terminology, from its normative, concept-centric origins to contemporary challenges such as the concept-context gap, multilingual conceptual modeling and enriching terminologies with contextual relations. The article then highlights how AI and LLM are revolutionizing terminology work, by proposing the construction of relations between terms around prototypical contexts. This innovative approach aims to infuse a more deterministic understanding into human-AI interactions, guiding the latter to generate responses more aligned with human intent and context. Advocating a re-evaluation of current methodologies to interact better with AI's algorithmic mathematical interpretation of natural language, the article envisions a future in which terminology science and AI co-create a framework for improving multilingual knowledge exchange and understanding.

Surgical Terminology of Modern Chinese and Their Thematic Group

Objectives: This article aims to examine the main thematic groups of terms within the sphere of “外科” in modern Chinese. It focuses on understanding the development of medical terminology, particularly terms related to disinfection 消毒(xiāodú), anesthesia 麻醉(mázuì), hemostasis 止血(zhǐxiě), blood transfusion 输血(shūxiě), and other areas. These terms serve as evidence of the gradual development and deepening of modern surgery, thereby influencing the expansion of medical terminology in the Chinese language.
 
 Methods: The study investigates the historical context of the 20th century, exploring how the development of medicine led to the emergence of terms in the field of surgery. Special attention is given to the process of replenishing surgical terminology, particularly within the general surgery group known as 基本外科 (普通外科). The methods employed involve an analysis of the evolving surgical terminology in response to the advancements and changes in Chinese surgery.
 
 Results: As a consequence of the ongoing development of medicine in Chinese surgery, terms related to disinfection, anesthesia, hemostasis, blood transfusion, and other areas have become established. The results of this study highlight the incorporation of these terms into the surgical terminology of modern Chinese. The expansion of medical vocabulary reflects the progress and maturation of surgical practices in the Chinese context.
 
 Conclusion: In conclusion, this examination sheds light on the dynamic evolution of surgical terminology in modern Chinese. The influence of developments in medicine is evident in the establishment and integration of terms associated with various aspects of surgery. The process of replenishing surgical terminology, particularly within the general surgery group, signifies the growth and deepening of modern surgical practices, contributing to the rich and evolving medical language in the Chinese context.

HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF IT TERMINOLOGY AND ITS FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

The article examines the peculiarities of the evolution of the IT (Information Technology) language and its interaction with the environment, which is manifested by the constant appearance of new words and expressions that arise when describing technological phenomena. The study employs historical, linguistic, and cultural analyses to provide insights into the evolution of IT terminology. The historical evolution of IT terminology traces the dynamic progress of technology. Beginning with borrowed mathematical terms like "algorithm" from the work of Persian mathematician al-Khwārizmī, IT terminology has continually adapted to embrace new concepts. Charles Babbage's analytical engine introduced "punch cards" and "mechanical levers" as precursors to modern IT vocabulary. The ENIAC era expanded it to include "circuit," "transistor," and "byte." Software development contributed "bug," and the rise of personal computers brought "desktop" and "mouse." The internet era ushered in terms like "email" and "browser," while the mobile age introduced "apps" and "WiFi." The 21st century witnessed the emergence of "tweet," "neural networks," "deep learning," and "machine learning," reshaping technology and industries. Immersive technologies brought "virtual reality" and "augmented reality," while decentralized systems introduced "blockchain" and "cryptocurrency," revolutionizing finance. Standardization of IT terminology has become crucial for clear cross-border communication, led by organizations like the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Looking forward, the IT lexicon will expand with terms related to quantum computing, biotechnology integration, and emerging technologies. In conclusion, IT terminology reflects adaptability in the digital age, ensuring precise communication in an ever-changing technological landscape.

Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: discussion of controversies. A review

The paper discusses the controversial issues of infectious exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Researchers and practitioners share a common understanding of rational patient management, which involves the evolution of exacerbation terminology, the impact of viral infection and air pollutants, the significance of biomarkers, and the appropriate antibiotic therapy regimens. Clinical reflections on the current causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and modern therapeutic options are presented.

THE EVOLUTION OF AVIATION TERMINOLOGY: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

This article provides a historical analysis of the changes in aviation terminology over time, highlighting the factors that have influenced its evolution. Furthermore, changes in aviation practices and regulations have also contributed to the evolution of aviation terminology. The increasing focus on safety and the need for clear communications in aviation has led to the development of standardized phraseology, such as the International Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet (IRSA) and International Civil Aviation Phraseology (ICAP). It is proven that aviation terminology has been a result of various factors, including technological advancements, standardization efforts, changing practices, and the global nature of the industry. In addition, it emphasizes that understanding the historical development of aviation terminology provides valuable insights into the growth of aviation as a field and the need for effective communication in this highly specialized domain.

Corrected and republished from: Metabolic associated liver disease.

Alcohol consumption (AC) and metabolic syndrome (MS) represent the first cause of liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplantation. The habit of consuming alcoholic beverages and the presence of MS and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) often coexist in the same patient. The histoclinical boundaries between alcohol related liver disease (ALD) and NAFLD are often not well defined. The co-presence of AC and MS increases the risk of hepatic and extra-hepatic disease. The terminological evolution from NAFLD to metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is certainly a useful advance. However, it is known that the appearance of liver fibrosis increases oncologic and cardiovascular disease risk, which in the case of cirrhosis can be present even in the absence of steatosis and that the mechanisms of fibrogenesis can act independently of the presence of steatosis/steatohepatitis. For this reason, as already stated recently, a further terminological evolution can be hypothesized. This article was originally published with mistakes in the text. The new corrected citable version appears below.

Erase The Disciplinary Penalty as A Guarantee For Employees to Remove its Effects

This scientific article presents a comparative analysis of the erasure of disciplinary penalties for public employees in the context of organizational and statutory relationships with the state. The study explores the historical evolution of terminology used in Iraqi legislation, transitioning from "nullification" to "cancellation" in recent years. Despite variations in nomenclature, the essence of erasure remains consistent across legislations. Notably, the researched laws do not offer a legislative definition of erasure, relying instead on legal texts to regulate its application. Furthermore, the study highlights the role of administrative judiciary in handling erasure cases without providing a specific definition. By examining the goals, methods, and implications of erasure provisions, this research contributes valuable insights to the field of public employment law, aiming to foster stability in public utilities and ensure the efficient functioning of public services.
 Highlights:
 
 Historical evolution of terminology in Iraqi legislation.
 Lack of a legislative definition for erasure in researched laws.
 Role of administrative judiciary in handling erasure cases.
 
 Keywords: Erasure, Disciplinary Penalties, Public Employees, Organizational Relationships, Statutory Relationships

GENESIS OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF TERMINOLOGY IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN ROMANIA, HISTORICAL CONTEXT

The article is devoted to the analysis of the evolution of terminology in the field of physical education and sports in Romania. The author of the article examines the historical context of the changes that took place in the terminology from the time of the emergence of sports and physical culture to the present day. The article examines the factors that influenced changes in terminology in Romania, including political, cultural, and economic factors. The analysis of global trends in the development of society and the influence of social transformations on the development of physical culture and sports was carried out. As a result of the analysis and carrying out structuring through the analysis of hierarchies, the historical periods of the development of society and their influence on the formation of terms in the system of physical culture and sports were determined. The results of the analysis made it possible to determine the directions for the development of terminological concepts. Modeling of influencing factors on the processes of development of physical culture and sports was carried out, because of which proposals were formed regarding possible prospects for the development of the field. The factor model was determined as adequate and relevant by conducting a sociological survey and confirming the relevance of the factors, which was proven by calculating the correlation coefficient of the analyzed indicators. The author also investigates the influence of foreign languages on the terminology of the field of physical education and sports in Romania. The article describes in detail the processes that took place with the terminology, including the Western European and American influence on the Romanian terminology, as well as the changes related to the political and social transformations in Romania in the last century. The conclusions of the article make it clear that the terminology in the field of physical education and sports in Romania arose and developed under the influence of various factors, which allowed it to adapt to changes in the social, cultural, and political environment.

NCI-EVS: Building the Semantic Infrastructure to Support CDISC Data Standards and Real-World Data

Evolution and enrichment of CDISC terminologies are driven by the active interception of the research community’s semantic needs and by a robust development and publication process, managed jointly by NCI-EVS and CDISC. CDISC terminology integration within the rich semantic infrastructure of the NCIt provides additional benefits in knowledge representation as well as mapping to other reference sources and data standards, enabling semantic interoperability and data integration across multiple data standards and models. The technology, services, and processes that NCI-EVS employs to support CDISC have yielded a terminology set that is robust, fit for purpose, and concisely defined, allowing for efficient regulatory review of medical products. These same technologies, services, and processes will aid the current effort to expand the utility of CDISC standards for Real-World Data (RWD) analysis to better support the generation of Real-World Evidence (RWE).

Evolution of terminology in the sphere of organic matter of soil and humus

Goal. To analyze the existing concepts in de­termining the organic matter of the soil and humus and to separate the modern ideas that have developed as a result of a long study of the nature of these substances. Method. Theoretical and analytical. Results. The reasoning of prominent scientists of the 20th century is given, as well as modern researchers regarding the origin, composition, and properties of soil and humus organic matter. Based on an analytical review of scientific publications, the basic terminology of soil organic matter, humus, humus substances, and humification, which has changed over time, is given, and the definition of unified formulations is discussed. The concept of loss (dehumification, dehumus), preservation, and accumulation (sequestration, deposition) of organic matter in soils are considered, and the formulation of separate terms is proposed. Conclusions. At the beginning of the XXI century scientists understand soil organic matter as a system of organic particles of various sizes and biomolecules of plant, animal, and microbiological origin, which consists of plant residues (2–10 mm), solid particles of semi-decomposed organic material (0.053–2 mm), humus (≤0.053 mm) in the form of biomolecules chemically bound to mineral particles, humic and dissolved substances (≤0.45 µm). Humus is a part of the soil organic matter, which in modern literature is called “mineral-associated organic matter”, contained in fractions of dust and clay with a size of ≤0.053 mm.