Tennis Players Research Articles

Research on state volatility of tennis players based on sliding window technique

Research on state volatility of tennis players based on sliding window technique

Optimizing young tennis players' development: Exploring the impact of emerging technologies on training effectiveness and technical skills acquisition.

The research analyzed the effect of weekly training plans, physical training frequency, AI-powered coaching systems, virtual reality (VR) training environments, wearable sensors on developing technical tennis skills, with and personalized learning as a mediator. It adopted a quantitative survey method, using primary data from 374 young tennis players. The model fitness was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while the hypotheses were evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM). The model fitness was confirmed through CFA, demonstrating high fit indices: CFI = 0.924, TLI = 0.913, IFI = 0.924, RMSEA = 0.057, and SRMR = 0.041, indicating a robust model fit. Hypotheses testing revealed that physical training frequency (β = 0.198, p = 0.000), AI-powered coaching systems (β = 0.349, p = 0.000), virtual reality training environments (β = 0.476, p = 0.000), and wearable sensors (β = 0.171, p = 0.000) significantly influenced technical skills acquisition. In contrast, the weekly training plan (β = 0.024, p = 0.834) and personalized learning (β = -0.045, p = 0.81) did not have a significant effect. Mediation analysis revealed that personalized learning was not a significant mediator between training methods/technologies and acquiring technical abilities. The results revealed that physical training frequency, AI-powered coaching systems, virtual reality training environments, and wearable sensors significantly influenced technical skills acquisition. However, personalized learning did not have a significant mediation effect. The study recommended that young tennis players' organizations and stakeholders consider investing in emerging technologies and training methods. Effective training should be given to coaches on effectively integrating emerging technologies into coaching regimens and practices.

Fresh Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation of the Capitellum for the Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the humeral capitellum is a rare and challenging condition to treat. Several surgical options exist, but in the last few years, the pendulum has swung from debridement and microfracture to restoration of the articular surface. Osteochondral autografts from the rib and knee have been described, but donor-site morbidity is a concern. Purpose: To expand the results of fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation (FOCAT) in a previously published report with inclusion of additional patients and a longer follow-up period. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: After institutional review board approval, the charts of patients who underwent FOCAT for OCD of the capitellum between 2006 and 2022 by a single surgeon were reviewed. The majority of cases (94%) had unstable lesions (Minami grades 2 and 3). A trial of nonoperative treatment had failed in all. All patients underwent diagnostic arthroscopy, followed by a mini-open, ligament-sparing approach with grafting using commercially available guides and instruments. Results: A total of 35 patients were identified, of whom 25 were male. The mean age was 16 ± 3.9 years (range, 11-32 years). There were 24 baseball players (19 pitchers and 5 position players), 5 gymnasts, 3 cheerleaders/tumblers, 1 tennis player, 1 student (who did not participate in athletics), and 1 patient with avascular necrosis from chemotherapy. Eighteen patients had a mean flexion contracture of 14.1°± 11.9°. A single osteochondral allograft plug was used in 23 patients (mean diameter, 11.3 ± 2.8 mm), and 12 patients required 2 plugs (Mastercard technique). The mean follow-up was 92.6 ± 54.5 months (range, 24-204 months). There was significant improvement in Oxford (from 25.5 ± 4.9 to 46.7 ± 3.5; P < .00001) and visual analog scale for pain (from 7.5 ± 2 to 0.3 ± 1.0; P < .0001) scores. The mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score at the time of follow-up was 90.6 ± 10.8 (range, 60-100). In overhead athletes, there was significant improvement in the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic score (from 40.8 ± 11.8 to 90.6 ± 10.8; P < .00001). A postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan was obtained in 16 (46%) patients at a mean of 32.6 months. In all cases, the graft was incorporated. All overhead athletes were able to return to their sport and perform at the same level or higher for >2 years. Two elbows required a subsequent arthroscopy for loose-body removal; otherwise, there were no other complications. Conclusion: FOCAT is an excellent option for treating OCD lesions of the humeral capitellum. Excellent outcomes and high return-to-sport rates were observed, with midterm follow-up showing no graft failures. FOCAT eliminates donor-site morbidity.

A flexible silicone tube arrangement structure triboelectric nanogenerator for tennis training monitoring

As the Internet of Things (IoTs) rapidly gain popularity, the demand for self-powered flexible electronic devices is continuously rising, particularly in the intelligent sports field. Hence, we introduced a silicone tube-based triboelectric nanogenerator (ST-TENG) designed for mechanical energy harvesting and tennis training monitoring. The ST-TENG, with its innovative tubular structure, effectively harvests low-frequency mechanical energy and converts it into electrical energy. At a working frequency of 6 Hz, the ST-TENG achieved an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 122.51 V, a short-circuit current (Isc) of 15.05 µA, and a transfer charge (Qsc) of 33.74 nC. The ST-TENG demonstrates high sensitivity and accuracy in capturing subtle motion details, providing comprehensive data on various aspects of an athlete’s performance. The ST-TENG demonstrated excellent responsiveness to pressure and bending, making it suitable for real-time motion monitoring in tennis. Integrating the ST-TENG into the clothing and equipment of tennis players effectively monitored wrist, waist, and foot movements, providing detailed motion data. This research paves the way for developing highly efficient, self-powered wearable sensors that can significantly enhance the accuracy and sustainability of real-time athletic training monitoring.

Association Between Dominant-Shoulder Internal-Rotation Restriction and Low-Back Pain in Elite Male High School Soft Tennis Players.

The incidence of low-back pain (LBP)is high among elite male high school soft tennis players. A previous report showed that hip internal-rotation (IR) restriction in the non-dominant leg could increase the risk of LBP. Moreover, IR in the dominant shoulder is important for serve and stroke movements, suggesting that IR restriction in the dominant shoulder can contribute to LBP. The simultaneous incidence of non-dominant-hip IR restriction may help in developing a good LBP-related factor model; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between dominant-shoulder IR restriction and LBP in elite male high school soft tennis players. This is a single-center cross-sectional study. This study included 176 male high school soft tennis players from 14 elite teams. The main measures were IR and external-rotation range of motion (ROM) in the dominant and non-dominant shoulders and hip, assessed using a goniometer with a bubble attached. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with the presence of LBP as a categorical variable (LBP, 1; non-LBP (NLBP), 0). Multiple logistic regression models were created as follows: Model 1 included dominant-shoulder IR restriction (loss of glenohumeral IR (GIRLoss)), Model 2 included non-dominant-hip IR ROM, and Model 3 included both GIRLoss and non-dominant-hip IR ROM as the main explanatory variables to test the association between dominant-shoulder IR restriction and LBP, compare its suitability as an associated factor with non-dominant-hip IR restriction, and determine if either or both should be considered in an LBP association model based on model fit. The significance of each multiple logistic regression model was examined using the model χ2 test, and a model with P<0.05 was judged as a significant model. Model fit was examined using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and P≥0.05 was judged as a good model fit. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) were used to compare the goodness-of-fit among multiple logistic regression models. Results: The LBP and non-LBP groups comprised 59 and 117 players, respectively. GIRLoss in the dominant shoulder was a significant independent factor (odds ratio: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.09; P<0.01) in Model 3, which included hip IR restriction in the non-dominant leg (odds ratio: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.94; P<0.01).In all models, the explanatory variables fitted were significantly associated with LBP, indicating that the models were significant and fitted well: the AICs (and BICs) for Models 1, 2, and 3 were 198.4 (207.6), 178.6 (187.9), and 168.8 (181.1), respectively, indicating that Model 3 was the best fit. In elite male high school soft tennis players, IR restriction in the dominant shoulder was associated with LBP. IR restriction in the dominant shoulder and non-dominant hip as a significant factor for LBP may contribute to developing an optimal multiple logistic regression model for LBP.

Revenue Model of Professional Tennis Players Signed under IMG Sports Brokerage Firm

In the context of the flourishing professional tennis leagues and the increasing prominence of commercial value, how to effectively cultivate and promote tennis players has become a focal point for the sports industry and the agency sector. Employing case analysis and literature review methods, this research delves into the training costs and income sources of tennis players, as well as the role of sports management companies in this process. The study initially points out that nurturing a top-tier tennis player requires substantial financial input. However, once the athlete achieves significant success, the returns are highly lucrative, primarily deriving from competition prize money, brand sponsorships, and revenues from commercial activities. Sports management companies, such as IMG, play a crucial role in the selection, training, and commercial promotion of athletes. Through their professional operations, they significantly enhance the commercial value of the athletes. The study provides a detailed analysis of how sports management companies systematically cultivate athletes and maximize their commercial value through diversified means. The findings indicate that the involvement of sports management companies is crucial for enhancing the commercial value and competitiveness of athletes. Addressing the current situation of training and agency management for Chinese tennis players, this paper proposes several recommendations, including improving the legal framework, promoting diversification in sports training, and implementing a "trinity" training mechanism, etc. These recommendations aim to promote the holistic development of Chinese tennis players and advance the standardization and professionalization of the tennis agency industry.

Relationship between Interlimb Asymmetries and Performance Variables in Adolescent Tennis Players.

Tennis is an individual sport characterised by high-intensity action, including sprints and changes of direction (COD). However, there is a gap in the knowledge of limb asymmetries in adolescent tennis players and their association with performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between asymmetry in vertical and horizontal jump tests (CMJ and HJ) and COD with lower limb performance variables in adolescent tennis players. Forty-five adolescent tennis players (age: 13.81 ± 1.08 years; height: 167.64 ± 9.9 cm; body mass: 57.48 ± 10.94 kg; body mass index: 20.27 ± 2.18 kg/m2) performed the CMJ test (unilateral and bilateral), horizontal jumps (unilateral and bilateral), 25 m sprint, and 180° COD test. The single-leg countermovement jump showed the greatest asymmetries among the different tests (6.62 ± 9.35%). Notable negative relationships were found between CMJ asymmetry and COD asymmetry with unilateral horizontal jump variables (r = -0.30 to -0.53). In addition, CMJ asymmetry showed notable relationships with CMJR (r = 0.49) and COD180R (r = 0.29), whereas COD asymmetry showed a notable relationship with COD180L (r = 0.40). On the other hand, HJ asymmetry showed no notable relationships with any variable. The main findings of this study indicate that greater imbalances in the CMJ and COD tests are associated with a reduced capacity to perform unilateral horizontal jumps. These results suggest the incorporation of training protocols to reduce interlimb asymmetries in growing athletes to improve their performance. This practical application is important for coaches and physical trainers who aim to improve the physical performance of adolescent tennis players. Greater asymmetry results in a reduced ability to produce unilateral horizontal force.

Pedagogical aspects of the formation of psychological training of young tennis players

Pedagogical aspects of the formation of psychological training of young tennis players

Service skills of beginner tennis players are influenced by training methods using hand eye coordination

service skills of beginner tennis players are influenced by training methods using hand eye coordination

Performing in high-pressure situations: the case of tennis players up a break and serving for the set

ABSTRACT This study explores the impact of perceived pressure on performance in professional tennis. Contrary to conventional wisdom linking pressure with poorer performance, we analyse over 136,000 tennis game instances (from July 2021–September 2022) to find that both male and female players improve their service hold probabilities under heightened match pressure. While innate player attributes influence service hold likelihoods, the gender-specific variability in performance response to pressure is evident, with female players revealing a greater variance in likelihood.

Can acute mobilization and oscillation training profit on the joint position sense and strength of the rotator cuff muscles in young tennis players?

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that act to stabilize the human shoulder and allow for its extensive range of motion. This study aimed to compare the immediate effect and durability of mobilization and oscillation dumbbell (OD) training on the Joint Position Sense (JPS) and strength of rotator cuff muscles in young tennis players. Twenty-six tennis players were divided into two experimental groups. G1 only performed mobilization techniques while G2 only performed OD training, before, after and after one week of the protocols, the strength and JPS of the shoulder joint were measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Repeated analysis of variance (RMANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to examine the differences between the groups. The analysis of covariance was used to examine the differences between the groups. In general, the results showed a significant effect of both mobilization techniques and OD training programs on the JPS and internal and external rotation strength of young tennis players, but only one difference was observed between the two in external rotation for the eccentric/concentric action at 120°/sec (p=0009; ƞ2p= 0.32). Moreover, the main findings showed that mobilization techniques and OD improved internal and external rotations after the protocol and after one week when compared with baseline for the concentric/concentric and eccentric/concentric at 60°/sec and 120°/sec (p &lt; 0.05) with only one exception for the internal rotation concentric/concentric at 120°/sec for both groups (p &gt; 0.05). Based on this, it seems that in healthy tennis players, both one-session mobilization techniques and OD training can be used to improve JPS and strength. Keywords: Shoulder, Isokinetic, Torque, Resistance, Rotator cuff.

Tournament Recovery Profiles and Physical Demands in a Collegiate Women's Tennis Team.

Tendero-Ortiz, E, Johnson, MJ, Horsfall, CM, Vondrasek, JD, Grosicki, GJ, Riemann, BL, and Flatt, AA. Tournament recovery profiles and physical demands in a collegiate women's tennis team. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-We aimed to characterize recovery profiles and tournament physical demands in women's collegiate tennis players. A Division 1 team (n = 9) participated in the study. Markers of cardiac autonomic (resting heart rate [HR], HR variability), neuromuscular (isometric handgrip strength, seated single-arm shot-put test [SSAPT], hexagon agility, countermovement jump characteristics), and perceptual recovery were obtained before the tournament (baseline) and again 1 and 2 days posttournament. Cardiorespiratory (HR) and movement characteristics from matches were quantified with wearable devices. p values < 0.05 were statistically significant. No recovery markers differed from baseline (ps > 0.05), although small effect size reductions 1 day posttournament were noted for SSAPT, hexagon agility, and select countermovement jump characteristics. In addition, hexagon agility times and SSAPT were slower (p < 0.01) and shorter (p < 0.05), respectively, at 1 versus 2 days posttournament. Similarly, relative to 1 day posttournament, perceptual makers were improved 2 days posttournament (ps < 0.05). Mean and peak HR were higher for singles versus doubles matches (ps < 0.05). Except for average speed, movement parameters were greater during singles versus doubles matches (ps < 0.05). Markers of recovery were minimally affected 1 day posttournament relative to baseline, but perceptual and select neuromuscular markers were most improved 2 days posttournament. Thus, passive rest or limited intensity training 1 day posttournament seems advisable. Competition HR and movement profiles inform practitioners of the cardiorespiratory and locomotor demands of women's collegiate tennis, which may be useful in designing preparatory conditioning programs to ensure that players attain match-specific physical capacities in training before competition.

Relationships Between Force-Time Curve Variables and Tennis Serve Performance in Competitive Tennis Players.

Fourel, L, Touzard, P, Fadier, M, Arles, L, Deghaies, K, Ozan, S, and Martin, C. Relationships between force-time curve variables and tennis serve performance in competitive tennis players. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): 1667-1674, 2024-Practitioners consider the role of the legs in the game of tennis as fundamental to achieve high performance. But, the exact link between leg actions and high-speed and accurate serves still lacks understanding. Here, we investigate the correlation between force-time curve variables during serve leg drive and serve performance indicators. Thirty-six competitive players performed fast serves, on 2 force plates, to measure ground reaction forces (GRF). Correlation coefficients describe the relationships between maximal racket head velocity, impact height, and force-time curve variables. Among all the variables tested, the elapsed time between the instants of maximal vertical and maximal anteroposterior GRF ( r = -0.519, p < 0.001) and the elapsed time between the instant of maximal anteroposterior GRF and ball impact ( r = -0.522, p < 0.001) are the best predictors of maximal racket velocity. Maximal racket head velocity did not significantly correlate with the mean or maximal vertical GRF or with the mean or maximum rate of vertical force development. The best predictor for impact height is the relative net vertical impulse during the concentric phase ( r = 0.772, p < 0.001). This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanical demands of tennis serve motion and gives guidelines to improve players preparation and performance. Trainers should encourage their players to better synchronize their upward and forward pushing action during the serve to increase maximal racket head velocity. Players should also aim to improve their relative net vertical impulse to increase impact height through strength training and technical instructions.

Research on momentum conversion in sports

Momentum, traditionally examined in sports, is an ability to increase or develop continuously, impacting mental and physical performance in a pattern akin to human preferences, which are complex and non-linear. This research explores momentum in sports, particularly tennis, integrating it with the economic concept of diminishing marginal utility to analyze momentum shifts. Using data from the 2023 Wimbledon men's singles, the study dissects momentum into absolute and relative measures, revealing server advantage and precise models with an R-square value of 0.877. It employs macro and micro perspectives to link momentum with success, affirming its significant impact on win rates and performance dimensions. A GARCH model identifies influential factors in momentum transitions, informing strategies for game control. Applying the model to basketball, specifically a 2024 Clippers-Celtics NBA game, maintains strong predictive capabilities, indicating its broader applicability. Practical recommendations for tennis coaches and players, grounded in empirical findings, conclude the study, emphasizing strategic momentum utilization.

Determining the tactical and technical level of competitive tennis players using a competency model: a systematic review.

The aim of this systematic review is to provide an evidence-based synthesis of the literature on the topic of technical and tactical competencies of tennis players and to answer the following research questions: (1) What is the state of the art of research on technical and tactical competencies (i.e., skills and knowledge) and tennis; (2) What are the most important topics related to technical and tactical competencies in tennis players. Electronic searches were conducted in Web of Science, PubMED and SPORTDiscus (August to September 2023). This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. To reduce risk, all published literature was searched and primary studies were included. The search terms included skills or competencies, match or play, player and tennis and excluded studies on non-competitive tennis players-notation analysis, AI method, systematic review and validation of tools. Of the 390 publications found in these searches, 13 articles were considered relevant and included in this study. They were divided into three categories: (1) technical-tactical skills, (2) match situations and (3) match performance. There was clear evidence that there is a test instrument for analyzing tactical-technical skills that has sufficient reliability and validity and is of practical value to tennis coaches. The development of tactical-technical skills is influenced by method (variability between/within skills), conditions (court size, ball type) and areas of development (situational awareness, anticipation, decision making). There are differences in match and stroke performance between different quality groups (professionals, juniors), which can also be influenced by mental strength. For a comprehensive study of tennis players' abilities, the use of modern technologies is possible and necessary in the future. Future research should focus on the creation of competency models for the playing level of tennis players, which could include at least three key elements: (1) key competencies, (2) description of standards, (3) evidence.

The effect of court surfaces on physiological responses and game activities of recreational senior tennis players

The effect of court surfaces on physiological responses and game activities of recreational senior tennis players

Corporate Social Responsibility and Consumer Behavior in Sports: Exploring and Adapting a Participatory Sports Scale

There has been a noticeable shift towards sustainability in participatory sport, emphasizing practices such as corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. However, a credible international evaluation tool for assessing the effectiveness of CSR initiatives in sport and recreation services is lacking. This study aimed to adapt and validate a CSR questionnaire for Greek participatory sport, focusing on tennis. The influence of CSR on consumer trust and loyalty was also investigated. A sample of 250 tennis players from a private club in a Greek city participated. A questionnaire assessing CSR in environmental, economic, and social dimensions, was selected after an extensive literature review. Statistical analyses confirmed the questionnaire as a valid and reliable tool for assessing CSR among recreational sports participants. The results indicated that CSR initiatives significantly enhance participants’ trust in the club, which in turn bolsters the club’s credibility. However, CSR initiatives do not directly influence participants’ loyalty; instead, trust mediates the relationship between CSR and loyalty. This underscores the need to strategize on how to convert trust into sustained loyalty. The findings highlight the importance of CSR in building trust, protecting corporate reputation in times of crisis, and supporting long-term sustainability. They provide valuable insights for researchers and sport and recreation managers.

Kinematics characteristics of key point of interest during tennis serve among tennis players: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an overview of kinematic parameters associated with key points of interest in the tennis serve. The research was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline without date restriction. Google scholar, Science Direct, PubMed/Medline, Mendeley, and Science.gov databases were scanned to find relevant studies. Only English peer-review original article focused on joint body angles at trophy position, racket low point and ball impact were retained. The review, quality appraisal, and data extraction from selected studies were performed independently by two reviewers. A meta-analysis was carried out on the most studied joint parameters. Among the 2,844 records identified, 27 articles were included. The wide variety of methods used required data homogenization for comparison purposes. Trunk inclination (25.0 ± 7.1°) and front knee flexion (64.5 ± 9.7°) were the most studied parameters for trophy position. Shoulder lateral rotation (130.1 ± 26.5°) was systematically evaluated for racket low point. At ball impact, shoulder elevation (110.7 ± 16.9°) and elbow flexion (30.1 ± 15.9°) were the most considered joint angles. The systematic review revealed that many kinematic parameters were not quantified at the various key points of interest. Knowledge of the kinematics is essential for understanding the gesture, implementing training methods, and improving the performance.

Training and Performance of Table Tennis Players and Their Influence on Self-efficacy

Training and Performance of Table Tennis Players and Their Influence on Self-efficacy

The effect of 6 weeks functional myofascial line exercises on sprint and agility in 12-14 aged tennis athletes

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of functional myofascial line exercises applied for 6 weeks on sprint and agility in 12-14 years old tennis players. The sample consisted of 13 girls and 13 boys aged 12-14 years who were tennis athletes in Antalya. In addition to tennis training in the experimental group an exercise programme consisting of four exercises for 6 weeks, 2 days in a week was conducted. The control group continued only tennis training. As a result of the research, the girls experimental group's 20 m sprint pre-test and post-test statistically significant difference (p = .02) with a large effect size (r = .63); v-cut agility pre-test and post-test with a large effect size (r = .57) a statistically significant difference (p = .04) was found. In addition, a statistically significant difference (p = .01) was found between the 20 m. sprint pre-test and post-test of the boys experimental group with a large effect size (r = .63); a statistically significant difference (p = .01) was found between the v-cut agility pre-test and post-test with a large effect size (r = .63). In the control group, 20 m. sprint in both boys and girls groups there was no statistically significant difference between pre-test and post-test and v-cut agility pre-test and post-test.