Temporary Villages Research Articles

TRANSFORMASI PELAYANAN DESA BERBASIS DIGITAL MODERN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA MELALUI PROGRAM PELATIHAN

Mataram University as a tertiary institution has the duties and functions of implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, namely education and teaching, research, and community service. Such efforts are not only carried out and become the obligation of lecturers alone, but also for students. The use of technology in the village of North Surabaya is still lacking, the village administration system is still carried out manually and the dissemination of village information is still uneven. With the existence of a village website, it is hoped that administrative management and distribution of information will be evenly distributed. The understanding of the North Surabaya village community about digital is still very minimal, of course there must be efforts that needs to be done to increase human resources regarding digitization in order to take advantage of the potential that exists in the village of North Surabaya. The implementation of the work program is carried out using a participatory method by collaborating with various existing stakeholders, the output of the real work lecture program is assisting SSID development, making a Local Area Network (LAN) master plan, and creating a temporary village website in the village of North Surabaya. For 45 days in North Surabaya Village we have carried out the main program, namely creating a temporary website containing village infographics and making a LAN master plan which later the village can use as a reference when installing a LAN network at the village office. In addition to the main work program, there is also an additional work program, namely the socialization of "Cute Internet" with the aim of developing human resources in North Surabaya Village to make positive use of the internet.

Bermain Buku Pop-Up sebagai Terapi Gangguan Mental Emosional Pasca Bencana Tsunami

Traumatic experiences can trigger mental-emotional problems in children, especially in disaster conditions. The purpose of this study is to describe mental and emotional problems in children in South Lampung after the Sunda Strait tsunami natural disaster after being given playing therapy with pop-up books. This study uses a quantitative design with quasi-experimental treatment. The population in this study were preschool and school-age children affected by the Sunda Strait tsunami who lived in temporary village shelters in three villages namely Way Muli Timur, Way Muli Barat, and Kunjir as many as 93 children. The mental-emotional state of the child will be measured before and after therapy. Data collection using the Strength Difficulties Questionnaire questionnaire. The test was conducted using the dependent t-test. The results of data analysis showed that in general the level of strength and difficulty of children was abnormally susceptible (63,4%) at the beginning of the measurement and increased towards normal, in other words, there was an effect of playing therapy with pop-up books on the child's emotional mentality. The results of the bivariate test showed that there was an effect of pop-up books play therapy on children's mental-emotional problems (p-value 0,002). It is recommended that play therapy be combined with other therapies, including consistently to reinforce for children from those closest to them, such as nuclear family and other children's closest people.

THE AUTHORITY OF THE TEMPORARY HEAD OF VILLAGE IN SILANGGE VILLAGE GOVERNMENT SYSTEM, DOLOK DISTRICT, NORTH PADANG LAWAS REGENCY

The appointment of the Silangge village head official was due to the permanent dismissal of the previous village head who died, then the District Head. North Padang Lawas appointed the sub-district head of Dolok sub-district as a temporary office in Silangge Village, district. Dolok Kab. North Padang Lawas until 2016. The approach method used to research the discussion of this thesis is an empirical juridical approach, namely the research in this thesis was carried out by field studies at the Dolok Subdistrict Head Office, North Padang Lawas Regency. This study was carried out concerning the applicable laws and regulations. The Temporary Village Head's authority in running the Silangge village administration is the same as the village head, the Silangge Temporary Village Head in 2013 has the main task of carrying out village head elections, then the next Silangge Village Head in 2015 also has the main task of organizing village head election. The term of office of the Silangge Village Head from 2015 to 2016 carried out village infrastructure development through village funds in 2015 and 2016 and carried out the Silangge village head election in 2016.The Authority of the Temporary Head of Village in Silangge Village Government System, Dolok District, North Padang Lawas Regency

An integrated remote sensing approach to Métis archaeology in the Canadian Prairies

AbstractIndigenous communities are increasingly turning to archaeological remote sensing to help detect and preserve the material remains of their pasts without extensive excavations. For some Indigenous communities, histories of dispossession and mobility have led to a disconnection between them and archaeological sites, leading to challenges with collaborative models emphasizing local engagement. Here, we present a case study where the nearest modern community associated with the site is hundreds of kilometres away but preserving their heritage is important. The Métis, an Indigenous nation, emerged alongside the North American fur trade during the seventeenth century and became a distinct people. During the nineteenth century, the Métis adopted a highly mobile lifestyle, centred around bison hunting, where they would form temporary villages to overwinter on the northern plains. This case study highlights a post‐contact application of remote sensing where the targets are not large colonial structures but more ephemeral and short‐term occupation sites. We applied multiple methods, specifically ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), magnetic gradiometry, multi‐spectral and orthographic UAV imagery, to survey the mid‐nineteenth‐century Métis wintering site of Chimney Coulee (DjOe‐6), near Eastend, Saskatchewan, Canada. Using high‐frequency GPR (900 MHz) and magnetic gradiometry, this survey successfully delineated the wood wall remains and chimney of one cabin, later confirmed through targeted excavation. The survey was then expanded to other higher potential areas of the site to help refine the approach and define other areas of interest. Here, we outline the results of the Chimney Coulee project and our progress in developing an integrated remote sensing approach for Métis sites. We conclude that there are many forms of collaboration to which remote sensing can contribute and that careful survey can provide insights for modern groups' sense of identity, homelands and Indigenous rights.

Music Festivals, Ephemeral Places, and Scenes: Interdependence at Cornerstone Festival

AbstractCornerstone was an annual four-day-long Christian rock festival in Illinois that ran from 1984 until 2012, first in Chicago's northern suburbs and then on a former farm in the rural western part of the state. Most attendees camped on-site, and many arrived one or two days early when the campgrounds opened before official programming started. Like many contemporary multi-day festivals in relatively rural or remote locations, Cornerstone's festival grounds and campsites functioned as a temporary village. For many attendees, music festivals have supplanted local scenes as loci of face-to-face musical life. Outside Cornerstone, participants’ musical lives might be curbed by family, professional obligations, geographic separateness, or cultural stratification. Inside the festival's physical, social, and cultural spaces, however, a cohesive music scene manifested for a brief time every year. This article examines the production of space and place at Cornerstone. In doing so, it contributes a vital link between scene theory and the growing ethnomusicological literature on festivals.

Reflections on Residential Rebuilding After the Victorian Black Saturday Bushfires

After the catastrophic 2009 bushfires in the state of Victoria, Australia, the State Government provided information and advice, short-term and temporary accommodation as well as financial assistance to bushfire-affected communities. A tension developed between quickly rebuilding housing and re-establishing known social and economic networks versus a slower and more deliberative process that focuses on long-term community outcomes. Whilst there was a widespread assumption that quick rebuilding would be beneficial, resulting in immediate pressure to do so, it became evident that many people were not prepared to, or even did not want to rebuild. Thus it became important to provide time and support for people to consider their options away from the immediate pressures to rebuild that are often inherent in post-disaster recovery processes. This became known as “holding the space” and included the introduction of interim supports such as building temporary villages and other supports which enable people to achieve appropriate interim accommodation without having to rebuild immediately. However, even two years after the bushfires a significant proportion of people remained undecided whether they wanted to rebuild or not. The post-bushfire experience pointed to a number of lessons including the importance of appropriate timing of post-disaster activities, careful targeting of financial assistance, need for developing better and lower cost interim housing options and pre-impact planning. Given the complex nature of rebuilding following a disaster, design professionals should focus not just on the final house, but also look at housing options that blur the distinction between temporary and permanent. Their designs should be quick to build, offer a good quality of life, be affordable for most and be flexible in design for future use.

The Huanghe (Yellow) River: Recent changes and its countermeasures

Since the 1960s a series of large reservoirs have been built in the upper and middle reaches of the Huanghe River. Changes caused by these reservoirs include a decrease in flood discharge and sediment load to the lower reaches and conversely, an increase of the silt concentration in the river water. This accumulation of silt in the river channel is a serious problem in the lower Huanghe River and has caused abnormal and distorted flow courses in the river bed. These effects include: shrinkage of the river channel, frequent dewatering (i.e., zero flow) in the river-mouth area, and hanging rivers (i.e., a river channel elevated above its floodplain). The zero-flow portion of the river has gradually extended upstream for nearly the entire 700 km of the lower reach. Utilization of the floodplains for agriculture and temporary villages has become a major problem. To counter these changes and situations, new measures, new methodology, and new thinking must be adapted incorporating results from the recent works on sediment transport and accumulation. Water conservancy works (dams, pumping stations, siphon-intakes, etc.) are typically used for adjustment of river water and sediment discharges and for irrigation and hydro-power generation. Recently, they are also being used to conduct tests using the reservoir water/sediment mix to flush out sediments deposited in the channel bed and transport the sediment to places where it is needed or into the Bohai Sea. Additionally, the future of the new deltaic sub-lobe in the Bohai Sea (developed in 1996) and the present estuary needs to be considered with respect to future development.

The 2002 Molise, Italy, Earthquake

On October 31 and November 1, 2002, two magnitude Mw 5.7 earthquakes struck the rural Molise region in southeastern Italy killing 30 people, 27 of whom were children trapped in the collapse of an elementary school. This paper summarizes the earthquake's effects and, as the introductory paper to Spectra's special issue on the Molise event, highlights the findings of ongoing studies of the technical and social lessons afforded by the disaster. In 1998 the area was declared a medium seismicity zone, but an administrative delay in updating the seismic zonation meant that up until the time of the earthquake, there were no seismic requirements for new construction—construction that included a 2002 second-story addition to the school that collapsed. The emergency response and recovery planning following the earthquake were notable for the technical sophistication and abundant government resources that have been applied, including the building of a prefabricated temporary village.

Emergency Management, Recovery, and Reconstruction following the 2002 Molise, Italy, Earthquake

The Molise earthquake received widespread attention within Italy because of its devastating impact on the residents and on the economy of the sparsely populated regions of Molise and Puglia. Overall, 91 municipalities requested government assistance, including 65 in the province of Campobasso and 26 in the province of Foggia. The most extensive damage was to the village of San Giuliano di Puglia, where 27 children and one teacher were killed in a collapse of the primary school and the entire town has been relocated to a temporary village for an estimated two years. The disaster served as a catalyst for immediate changes to Italy's seismic law and regulations. This paper explores some of the challenges that confronted emergency managers, planners and victims during the response phase, and summarizes the economic impacts and recovery and reconstruction efforts.

Construction of the kettle rapids hydro development

1. The creation of a temporary village from ready-made house trailers and the buildings of the auxiliary enterprises from factory-made units is sensible in a little-inhabited permafrost region. 2. The use of a shelter over the powerhouse permitted concreting practically the year-round under rigorous climatic conditions. 3. Preparation of the foundations for embankments located on peat bogs and permafrost during the winter is the most rational for the given conditions.

The Eider Pass at Point Barrow, Alaska

Daily observations were made on king (Somateria spectabilis) and Pacific eiders (Somateria mollissima v. nigra) at the Camp, Point Barrow, Alaska, July 14-September 1, 1953. Mean flock size was 105 birds from a sample of 497 flocks. The flight was segregated as to sex and age. In the period August 8-17, the king eider sex ratio shifted from a preponderance of males to a preponderance of females. The mean weight of 41 adult king eider males (1,668 grams) differed from the mean weight of 140 adult females (1,567 grams) at a high level of significance. Limited observations on molt phenology indicated a relatively high degree of synchronization of molt pattern within each sex. Molt of body plumage had reached the caudal tract in king eider males by August 14; females were not so far advanced. Peak eider flights tended to occur with favorable winds; however, the birds were not sensitive to wind velocities below 9 miles per hour. An average of 987 eiders per hour was recorded in 46 days of observation in 1953. The average number of hunters per hour was 4.1. In their average performance, these 4.1 hunters fired 11.5 shots, killed 3.5 eiders, and failed to recover 1.5 cripples per hour. Total mortality to southbound adult eiders from Point Barrow hunters was estimated to be 0.5 percent in 1953. The at Point Barrow, Alaska, is one of the most spectacular shooting passes on the North American continent. All of the king (Somateria spectabilis) and Pacific eiders (Somateria mollissima v. nigra) breeding east of Point Barrow migrate over the base of the narrow spit which extends 6 miles northward into the Arctic Ocean. The Duck Camp is a temporary village of tents and other shelters thrown up each summer at the base of the spit (see inset map, Fig. 2). This modern hunting camp occupies the site of the middens of Birnirk (Spencer 1959:16), indicating that the precontact Barrow Eskimo successfully hunted eiders at this same pass, using essentially stoneage weapons. W. K. Carter (Personal communication) has informed me that bone and ivory bola weights are the most common weapons among more than 30,000 artifacts recovered from the Birnirk site by Harvard University archeological survey crews from 1951 to 1953. Carter estimates this material to date from the period 500 to 1000 A. D. While eiders were not a vital part of the game economy of the Barrow Eskimo (Murdock 1898:732), they were (and still are) a substantial item in the diet of many families. The tradition of a summer encampment during the annual eider shoot is strongly rooted in their hunting culture. However, the modern Eskimo is subject to the same regulations in hunting waterfowl as any other citizen of the United States. In 1941, the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife initiated a combined educational and law enforcement program aimed at bringing about better game law observance on the part of the native population of Alaska. Satisfactory progress has been slow because of a limited enforcement staff and the vast land area requiring coverage. Initially the program was directed at people living in or near the larger population centers. Since 1959 the program has been extended into the more 1 Contribution of the New York Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit: New York Conservation Department, Cornell University, U. S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, and Wildlife Management Institute, cooperating.

The Socio-Religious Significance of a New Guinea Pig Festival

Hardly six years have elapsed since the Nondugl area of the Middle Wahgi (Western Highlands, New Guinea) was opened to white settlers, missionaries, and planters. Here acculturation is proceeding at a very rapid pace, especially on account of the perfect government control, the activity of the various misison bodies, the Hallstrom Livestock and Fauna Station, and, to no small measure, the culture contact made possible now that a good road exists between Goroka and Mt. Hagen, a distance of about 150 miles. Timely indeed is an account of such an important institution of the Middle Wahgi culture' as the pig festival about to be described; for, the festival even now has already lost many of its original features and we wonder just what will be left of the custom fifteen or twenty years from hence when the Nondugl people will again assemble from their scattered homesteads and live for twelve or more months in temporary villages as they have in the years 1952-1953. I owe special thanks to the Rev. Matthias van Stijn, S.V.D., without whose help this article would have been impossible. Father van Stijn enjoyed the full confidence of the natives, and it was he who introduced me to the Nondugl people and selected informants for me.