Tellurite Glass Fiber Research Articles

Stimulated Brillouin scattering in single-mode tellurite glass fiber

Stimulated Brillouin scattering properties in a single-mode tellurite glass fiber were studied using a cw laser with an operating wavelength of 1.54 mum. The Brillouin frequency shift v(B) and the gain linewidth Deltav(B) were 7.882 GHz and 23.6 MHz, respectively. A Brillouin gain coefficient g(B) in the range of 1.47 x 10(-10)-2.16 x 10(-10) m/W was measured. The higher gain coefficient of the tellurite fiber, together with its relatively low loss compared with other non-silica fibers, makes it a suitable candidate for realizing efficient, all-optical, slow-light devices.

Investigation on upconversion luminescence in [formula omitted] codoped tellurite glasses and fibers

The upconversion properties of Er 3 + / Yb 3 + codoped tellurite glasses and glass fibers with D-shape cladding under 980 nm excitation were investigated. Intense emission bands centered at 531, 546 and 658 nm corresponding to the transitions Er 3 + : H 11 / 2 2 → I 15 / 2 4 , S 3 / 2 4 → I 15 / 2 4 and F 9 / 2 4 → I 15 / 2 4 , respectively, were observed at room temperature. Compared with that in Er 3 + / Yb 3 + codoped tellurite bulk glass, the upconversion luminescence becomes more efficient in the fiber geometry. The dependence of upconversion intensities on fiber geometry and possible upconversion mechanism are discussed and evaluated. The presented Er 3 + / Yb 3 + codoped tellurite fibers with intense upconversion luminescence can be used as potential host materials for upconversion fiber lasers.

980-nm diode-pumped Tm^3+?Yb^3+-codoped tellurite fiber for S-band amplification

We report gain measurements in Tm(3+)/Yb(3+)-codoped tellurite glass fibers in the 1460-1530-nm region using a conventional 980-nm pumping scheme. The gain spectrum is dependent on the geometry of the fiber and the length owing to the superfluorescence upconversion pump scheme.

Fabrication and blue upconversion characteristics of Tm-doped tellurite fiber for S-band amplifier

Tm 3+-doped tellurite glass fiber was fabricated and the optical properties, such as upconversion fluorescence were investigated by a single- and a dual-wavelength pumping scheme. From the blue upconversion characteristics of the fiber, the completely different pumping mechanisms of Tm 3+ was shown between 1.05 and 1.4 μm pump as a main pump for the S +, S-band amplification. The ESA to the 1G 4 level hardly occurs by the 1.4 μm pump, while intense blue upconversion was observed by the 1.05 μm pump.

Fabrication and emission properties of Er 3+/Yb 3+ codoped tellurite glass fiber for broadband optical amplification

Tellurite glass is proposed as a host for broadband erbium-doped fiber amplifiers because of their excellent optical and chemical properties. A new single mode Er 3+/Yb 3+ codoped tellurite fiber with D-shape cladding geometry is fabricated in this work. When pumped at 980 nm, a broad erbium amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) nearly 100 nm in the wavelength range of 1450–1650 nm around 1.53 μm is observed. It was found that the emission spectrum from erbium in tellurite glass fibers is almost twice as broad as the corresponding spectrum in tellurite bulk glass. The changes in ASE with regard to fiber lengths and pumping power were measured and discussed. The output of about 2.3 mW from Er 3+/Yb 3+ codoped tellurite fiber ASE source is obtained under the pump power of 700 mW. The broad 1.53 μm emission of Er 3+ in Er 3+ /Yb 3+ codoped tellurite glass fiber can be used as host material for potential broadband optical amplifier and tunable fiber lasers.

Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earth Metal Ion Doped Tellurium Oxide Glasses and Fibres

The tellurium oxide (TeO2) glasses are unique for their exceptionally large solubility for rare-earth metal ions. The paper discusses various structural, thermal, and spectroscopic properties, essential for fibre and waveguide design. Low-loss fibre fabrication requires an understanding of a relationship between the glass structure, thermal properties, e.f the glass transition, crystallisation, and melting temperatures, and the viscous relaxation. We discuss the properties of tellurium oxide glasses modified by the addition of sodium and zinc oxides, and their vibrational properties are characterised by Raman and infrared spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of these glasses show a range of structural units, namely TeO3, TeO3+°, and TeO4. The processes of tellurite glass preform and fibre fabrication are described in detail. The spectroscopic properties of rare-earth metal ion dopants (Er3+, Tm3+, and Nd3+) are specially discussed for designing broadband fibre and waveguide amplifiers, covering nearly 400 nm wavelength for both coarse (C-) and dense (D-) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. We demonstrate the usefulness of such fibres in designing ultra-short fibre waveguide amplifiers, which are capable of yielding large gain, e.g. in Er3+-ion doped tellurite fibres larger than 30 dB internal (or relative) gain in the small-signal regime is possible in the C-band region.

Fabrication and amplified spontaneous emission spectrum of Er 3+-doped tellurite glass fiber with D-shape cladding

Tellurite glass is proposed as a host for broadband erbium-doped fiber amplifiers because of their excellent optical and chemical properties. A single-mode Er 3+-doped tellurite glass fiber with D-shape cladding was fabricated in this work. The characterization of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from this newly fabricated Er 3+-doped tellurite fibers are exhibited. When pumped at 980 nm, a very broad erbium ASE nearly 150 nm around 1.53 μm is observed. The changes in ASE with regard to fiber lengths and pumping power were measured and discussed. The output of 2 mW from Er 3+-doped tellurite fiber ASE source was obtained under the pump power of 660 mW. The broad 1.53 μm emission of Er 3+ in tellurite glass fiber can be used as host material for potential broadband optical amplifier and tunable fiber lasers.

Gain characteristics of Er 3+ /Ce 3+ codoped tellurite short fibre amplifier pumped at 980 nm

The gain spectra in Er3+ doped and Er3+/Ce3+ codoped tellurite glass fibres have been compared at 980 nm pump wavelength. The observed gain at 1.53 µm increased from 16 to 31 dB in a 12 cm long Er3+/Ce3+ codoped fibre, and the gain changed less than 2 dB with a 20 dB variation in signal power.

Erbium-doped tellurite glass fibre laser and amplifier

Er3+-doped tellurite singlemode fibre is fabricated and signal amplification and laser oscillation are demonstrated for the first time. A small-signal gain of 16 dB at 1560 nm is obtained for a pump power of 130 mW at 978 nm. A laser oscillation is observed with a threshold pump power of 120 mW at 978 nm and a slope efficiency of 0.65% using this fibre.

Fiber Drawing of LiNbO<sub>3</sub>-Doped Mixed Alkali Tellurite Glasses

A transparent mixed alkali tellurite glass of 10Li2O-10Na2O-80TeO2 containing LiNbO3 crystals with a diameter of about 4μm and with the amount of about 6 mass% is prepared using an incorporation method, and LiNbO3-doped tellurite glass fibers are drawn. LiNbO3 particles in the fiber and bulk samples are well dispersed. The samples also have a good transparency. The mixed alkali tellurite glass with a high thermal stability against crystallization and with a high refractive index of n=1.98 is very suitable for incorporation of LiNbO3 crystals and for LiNbO3-doped fiber drawing. This technique will be applicable for fabrications of nonlinear optical glass fibers containing various nonlinear optical crystals.

Neodymium-doped tellurite single-mode fiber laser

A single-mode Nd(3+)-doped tellurite glass fiber laser operating at 1.061 microm is described. We believe this is the first demonstration of a single-mode fiber laser in tellurite glass. A lasing threshold of 27 mW of 818-nm absorbed pump power and a slope efficiency output power versus pump power of 23% emitted from one end were observed in the fiber cavity with 11.9% Fresnel reflection at both ends.

Tellurite glass: a new candidate for fiber devices

Abstract The physical properties of R2O-ZnO-TeO2 glasses have been studied for their feasibility for fiber drawing and rare earth doping. A tellurite glass fiber with less than 1 dB/m loss has been made by the rod-in-tube method. The spectroscopic properties of rare earth ions (Pr3+, Nd3+, Er3+, and Tm3+) in tellurite glass are discussed and compared with silica, fluoride and chalcogenide glasses.

Laser spectroscopic properties of Nd 3+ -doped tellurite glasses

The stimulated emission cross-section σ and fluorescence lifetime for the 1.06 μm emission ( 4F 3/2 → 4I 1/12) have been measured for a number of Nd-doped tellurite glasses. The measured value of σ ≅ 9 × 10 -20 cm 2 for the tellurite glasses is to be compared with the value of 3.5 × 10 -20 cm 2 for the ED-2 glass. Based on the measured spectroscopic parameters, an LED-pumped tellurite glass fiber laser is predicted to perform better than ED-2 glass, both in the longitudinal and transverse pumping configuration. The threshold for side-pumped tellurite glass laser can be comparable or even lower than that in Nd:YAG.