This study investigates the radiation attenuation properties of tellurite-based glasses with the chemical formula 75TeO2-(24-x)Li2O-(x)MoO3–1V2O5 (TLMV), where x = 0, 12, 24 mol%. The research focuses on important radiation protection values, such as the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), mass energy-absorption coefficient (MEAC), specific gamma-ray constants (Γ), gamma dose rate (Dr), mean free path (λ), half value layer (d1/2), and removal of fast neutrons (∑R). The gathered results indicate that changing Li2O and MoO3 mol% concentrations significantly impact shielding effectiveness. Additionally, this study compares the radiation shielding of TLMV glasses with commercial glasses, providing a comprehensive analysis for applications in healthcare, industrial, and related fields and exploring the potential usage of TLMV glasses in various shielding scenarios.