Television Reports Research Articles

Czytanie (o) PRL-u. Z Ryszardem Ćwirlejem rozmawiają Justyna Tuszyńska i Dariusz Brzostek

Ryszard Ćwirlej: sociologist, journalist, and writer; former Polish Television reporter and editor-in-chief of the newscast Telekurier. A lecturer at the Faculty of Political Science and Journalism, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. An author of numerous detective novels and an inventor of Polish “neo-militia literature”, a literary genre depicting the everyday life of the militiamen in the PRL (The Polish People’s Republic).

To vaccinate or not to vaccinate!? Predictors of willingness to receive Covid-19 vaccination in Europe, the U.S., and China.

Researcher teams around the globe including the "Project Lightspeed" are intensively working on vaccines to fight the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the availability of effective vaccines does not guarantee the vaccination willingness among the population. In spring 2021, we investigated the vaccination willingness and its potential predictors in representative online samples in nine countries (China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Of the 9,264 participants, 79.9% revealed Covid-19 vaccination willingness. The highest willingness was in the U.K., followed by Spain and China, the lowest in Russia. In most countries, the perception of governmental Covid-19 measures as useful and the use of television reports as Covid-19 information source positively predicted the willingness. Further factors such as demographic variables, mental and physical health status, evaluation of governmental communication, social media use, and general adherence to Covid-19 measures showed a country-specific predictive pattern. Recommendations how to increase the vaccination willingness are provided.

Cyberattacks, cyber threats, and attitudes toward cybersecurity policies

Abstract Does exposure to cyberattacks influence public support for intrusive cybersecurity policies? How do perceptions of cyber threats mediate this relationship? While past research has demonstrated how exposure to cyberattacks affects political attitudes, the mediating role played by threat perception has been overlooked. This study employs a controlled randomized survey experiment design to test the effect of exposure to lethal and nonlethal cyberattacks on support for different types of cybersecurity policies. One thousand twenty-two Israeli participants are exposed to scripted and simulated television reports of lethal or nonlethal cyberattacks against national infrastructure. Findings suggest that exposure to cyberattacks leads to greater support for stringent cybersecurity regulations, through a mechanism of threat perception. Results also indicate that different types of exposure relate to heightened support for different types of regulatory policies. People exposed to lethal cyberattacks tend to support cybersecurity policies that compel the government to alert citizens about cyberattacks. People who were exposed to nonlethal attacks, on the other hand, tend to support oversight policies at higher levels. More broadly, our research suggests that peoples’ willingness to accept government cybersecurity policies that limit personal civil liberties and privacy depends on the type of cyberattacks to which they were exposed and the perceptions associated with such exposure.

Modes of Media:

The objective of this paper is to discuss the features and functions of the semiotic resources used in Bangladeshi television reports. Although the verbal mode is usually considered one of the primary modes of communication, all communication is essentially multimodal in nature. Television news reports are a combination of such multiple styles, for they deliver a meaning by integrating various linguistic and non-linguistic modes. Linguistic modes such as words, sounds, sentences, and so on are used in the speech of the report. On the other hand, non-linguistic modes such as moving images, background music, colors, and elements alike are chosen to complement the linguistic modes. Therefore, it is important to investigate how these modes are combined and the role they play in the process of meaning-making. This research analyzes three Bangladeshi television news reports using Michael Halliday’s theoretical framework of metafunctions to understand how these multiple modes are combined to make complete meaning. From this research, it is evident that the linguistic and non-linguistic modes used in television reports require a careful selection to be aligned with the professional variety of broadcast journalism.

COVID-19 y su incidencia en el periodismo lojano

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la repercusión del COVID-19, en el trabajo de los periodistas de la ciudad de Loja. El enfoque usado es cualitativo, permite realizar un análisis profundo de los significados subjetivos e intersubjetivos que forman parte de las realidades del trabajo periodístico. La muestra del estudio es intencional, se compone de 10 periodistas, de ellos 5 comunicadores de radio y 5 reporteros de televisión vinculados con los distintos medios de comunicación de la urbe. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron para la recolección de datos fueron: página web de Consejo de Información y Comunicación del Ecuador (CORDICOM), entrevista semi-estructurada y rastreo digital de los datos difundidos en sus redes sociales personales de los periodistas participantes. Los resultados muestran que en contextos de emergencia: a) el uso de plataformas virtuales es esencial para el trabajo a distancia, b) el distanciamiento a causa del Covid- 19 afecta el trabajo periodístico, pero no es la única causa c) debido a la crisis sanitaria, los periodistas y reporteros se muestran preocupados ante la incertidumbre laboral, el riesgo a su salud y a los impactos emocionales de la cobertura.

The relationship between social media use, anxiety and burden caused by coronavirus (COVID-19) in Spain

The outbreak of COVID-19 and national restrictions to slow down its spread have significantly changed people’s everyday lives. Many people engage in intensive social media use (SMU) to stay up-to-date about the pandemic. The present study investigated the extent of SMU as source of COVID-19 information, and its relationship with anxiety and the experienced burden caused by the pandemic in Spain. Of the 221 participants, 52.5% reported to frequently use SM as information source. The use of other information sources such as print and online newspaper reports, television reports, and official governmental online sites was not associated with anxiety and burden caused by the current COVID-19 situation. However, SMU was significantly positively linked to both variables. Moreover, anxiety significantly mediated the relationship between SMU and the experienced burden. The findings show the potential negative effect of SMU on individual emotional state and behavior during the pandemic. They emphasize the significance of an accurate and conscious use of SM specifically during extraordinary circumstances such as the COVID-19 outbreak.

AAA Science Communication Bootcamp: empowering members with effective communication strategies

This presentation summarizes the outcomes from the inaugural AAA Science Communication Boot Camp (SCBC). SCBC is a 3-day, hands-on professional development workshop in effective science communication strategies. The inaugural workshop was convened in Indianapolis, IN, from July 10-12, 2019, with the following goals: 1) To equip a cadre of AAA members with a toolkit of methods proven to enhance the effectiveness of science communication: dynamic listening, message distilling, storytelling, and audience connection all derived from the principles of improvisational theater; and 2) To provide a collegial and interactive environment where SCBC participants can practice the communication skills they learn in real time, network with others, and train to communicate science with the media and with policymakers. Days 1 and 2 of SCBC focused on formal communication training from the faculty of the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science at Stony Brook University. The Alda Method borrows techniques from applied improvisational theater to teach participants to effectively connect with their audience in real time, to distill their message into language that is free from jargon and easily understood by the general public, and to use storytelling as a mechanism for these tasks. Day 3 of SCBC focused on communication with media, visual communication, and communication with policymakers. A morning panel of local and regional print, radio, and television reports and media professionals spoke to participants about effective ways to communicate the importance of their work to general audiences. The media panel was followed by a session on the importance of visual communication led by a representative of the Indiana Center for Translational Science. The afternoon included two sessions where SCBC participants were able to apply techniques learned over the previous two days: mock media interviews and advocacy training for effective communication with policymakers run by FASEB staff. Participants completed pre- and post-workshop evaluations (5-pt. Likert scale) regarding their comfort and willingness to communicate their science in multiple media platforms. We predicted that more participants would agree/strongly agree with the evaluation statements on the post-workshop survey than on the pre-workshop survey. Twenty-nine participants were surveyed, and response rates were high (79% pre-survey, 89% post-survey). Data were analyzed by independent samples t-tests of means between pre- and post-workshop surveys. Likert scores were considered statistically significant with a Bonferroni correction of 0.05 for 9 analyses (i.e., p<0.0056). Data demonstrate that participants found the program to be valuable because they left with a science communication toolkit to draw on as they continue practicing how to communicate their work to diverse audiences. We expect to offer additional SCBC programs in the future.

Sémiotique de la politique et systèmes non verbaux: la relation médias-politiciens grecs au temps de la crise economique

During the Greek economic crisis, the European media engaged in a series of press articles, television reports, and press cartoons particularly critical of the behavior of the contemporary Greek and the quality of the politicians who govern him. This attitude intensified during the radical left government of the SYRIZA party from January to August 2015. In this period, the European media engaged in a semiotic devaluation, an unprecedented deconstruction of Greek politicians’ social image of the SYRIZA party’s radical left government. The European Union authorities recorded this deconstruction at the level of the three semiotic codes: that of gesture, that of the dress code, and that of proxemics. This study proposes to analyze in a semiotic approach these choices expressed through polysemiotic texts likely to interpret a conscious manipulation of European public opinion, also introducing uses previously unknown in the political and media culture of Europe.

DESERTIFICATION, SEMIARID AND LEAF AREA INDEX IN JEREMOABO'S POLE: THE MIDIATIC ASSESSMENT

The paper examines the media discourse on Bahia's desertification process, particularly the Jeremoabo Pole, in order to identify the semiaridity notion portrayed in Bahia's television reports. It also reveals the misinformation spread about the effects of desertification by contrasting it with reality.It was used as a foundation for reflecting on scientific studies in order to verify the authenticity of the reports' content. A bibliographic review of the major issue was conducted, as well as a survey of the reports produced by the regional branches of the TV networks, notably Rede Globo, Band, Record, and SBT. The analysis of the interviews found, as well as the organization of the information broadcast by the networks, led us to the conclusion that the way the media defines and characterizes desertification in Bahia's semi-arid region necessitates a rereading of the discourse, as well as the expansion of studies on the desertification process and the environmental vulnerability of the Areas Susceptible to Desertification (ASD).

How journalism experience translates to social entrepreneurship: An intention formation study of the Art Yard at Dadaocheng in Taiwan

Purpose: In this study, the story of the Art Yard at Dadaocheng, Taipei, Taiwan, was adopted as a case study. We thoroughly investigated the founder, a former television reporter, and her social entrepreneurial intention (SEI) to initiate a social enterprise. Methodology: By integrating the two classic models of entrepreneurship intention, entrepreneurial event theory and theory of planned behavior, we investigated the antecedents of SEI (i.e., empathy, entrepreneurial alertness, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, social responsibility, and social capital and support). Findings: The founder possessed capability of communication and coordination because of her professional journalism experience and successfully introduced her passionate empathy and profound sense of social responsibility into her entrepreneurial aspirations. Her entrepreneurial alertness and self-disciplined entrepreneurial self-efficacy originated from in-service education and inspiration through action. Social networks accumulated during her journalism career did not represent the primary source of support when establishing her social enterprise. In this research, two additional antecedents of SEI were identified: knowledge capital and work experience. Implications for theory and practice: Social entrepreneurial attitudes can be developed on the basis of passionate empathy and social entrepreneurial alertness is required to address the professional development needs in service programs. Social entrepreneurial self-efficacy in communication and marketing management is closely associated with the journalism profession, and the journalistic passion for social justice can motivate social responsibility activities. Careful selection, maintenance, and transformation of business partners for social support are essential. Originality and value: A new SEI theory was subsequently proposed for future research, and practical implications were addressed for social entrepreneurship.

Sovietness in the Art of Vladislav Mamyshev-Monroe

The article is devoted to the recycling of Soviet images in the works of Vladislav Mamyshev-Monroe from 1987–2006. In his multidisciplinary work, Vladislav Mamyshev (1969–2013),an artist, writer, actor, professor of the original genre department of the New Academy of Fine Arts, repeatedly reproduced images from Soviet cinema and pop culture. In the make-up of Marilyn Monroe, he performed Soviet songs at concerts and in video clips. He portrayed Alla Pugacheva, Lenin and Krupskaya, an episode of Stierlitz meeting with his wife from the movie Seventeen Moments of Spring in performances and photo portraits. Mamyshev also wrote several philosophical treatises on the Russian and Soviet mentality and history. Mamyshev’s existential performance, associated with ancient practices of holy foolishness and parrhesia, is considered in the dynamics of post-Soviet history. In 1990, in remakes of Politburo portraits, he transformed the Soviet gerontocrats into the beauties of world cinema, “correcting the karma” of the Soviet regime. In a Pirate Television report on August 19, 1991, Mamyshev opposed the abolition of Gorbachev’s reforms. In the early 1990s, he put forward the idea of a fabulous folklore matrix of the Russian and Soviet unconscious and noted the beginning of the contamination of Russian and Soviet history in the post-Soviet consciousness. In the late 1990s, Mamyshev in the image of Lyubov Orlova explored the complex of Soviet ideas about perfection, which have both a mobilizing and deadening socio-cultural impact. Representing Soviet images, Mamyshev focuses on their totalitarian state message and at the same time their reflection in the individual consciousness, aimed at finding ideal love and happiness, showing the inevitable tragic break in the functional connection between Soviet ideology and Russian reality.

Posições concedidas e interditadas para as vozes de classes populares no discurso jornalístico

O artigo discute como o discurso jornalístico valora as vozes das fontes de classes populares, concedendo e interditando determinadas posições para esses sujeitos. Parte-se do entendimento de que ao visibilizar temas, acontecimentos e problemáticas, o jornalismo estabelece previamente papéis e lugares para sujeitos e grupos sociais. A análise de uma reportagem televisiva do programa Caminhos da Reportagem (TV Brasil) mostra que o discurso jornalístico situa as vozes das fontes de classes populares em posições de descrição, lamentação e ilustração em detrimento de posições de opinião, saber e proposição. Os resultados sinalizam a necessidade de um jornalismo que se propõe público, independente e democrático, repensar os modos de valoração das vozes de suas fontes, desnaturalizando lugares cristalizados nos imaginários jornalístico e social que apenas reiteram o status quo.

التغطية الإخبارية لعلاقات العراق الدولية في قناة العراقية الإخبارية

يرمي البحث للتعرف على الواقع الجديد لعلاقات العراق الدولية عن طريق التغطية الإخبارية التيتقوم بها قناة العراقية، لان حجم وطبيعة التغطية تشير الى أي مدى وصلت هذه العلاقات، وتلخصتمشكلة البحث بالتساؤل الرئيس )ما حجم وطبيعة التغطيات الإخبارية لعلاقات العراق الدولية فيقناة العراقية الإخبارية(. يعد هذا البحث من البحوث الوصفية اذ استخدم الباحثان المنهج المسحيوطريقة تحليل المضمون من خلال حصر جزئي لمجتمع البحث المتكون من النشرة الرئيسة ولمدةبرامجية واحدة، وصممت استمارة تحليل المضمون التي خضعت للتقييم الخبراء والمحكمين لبيانمدى توافقها مع موضوع البحث وما تحتويه من فئات، وتوصل البحث الى نتائج عدة أبرزها:سعي العراق لبناء علاقات اقتصادية واستثمارية مع دول العالم وجلب الشركات الكبرى لإعادةبناء مدنه المدمرة والنهوض بواقعه الاقتصادي. بناء وتدريب وتسليح جيشه والاستمرار بمكافحةالارهاب في العراق والمنطقة والعالم والتصدي لتنظيم داعش. تبني سياسة خارجية تحترم السيادةورفض العراق بإن يكون منصة حرب على دول الجوار وإبراز سعي الحكومة ان يكون البلد نقطةلقاء وحوار لجميع الدول وممثل سلام لشعوب العالم، ابراز دور الرئاسات الثلاث كشخصياتفاعلة بالخبر عن طريق تغطية الاجتماعات واللقاءات الرسمية مع رؤساء وملوك وممثلي البلدانالأخرى. نقل الاخبار بدون مصدر مما يبرز ضعف الأداء بغرفة الاخبار في القناة وعدم سعيهاللتحقق من المصادر الخبرية عند ورود اخبار الحكومة الخاصة بعلاقات العراق الدولية، ومنجانب اخر أظهرت التغطية إمكانية القناة بالاعتماد على مصادرها الخاصة في عدد من الاخبارمما يدل على إمكانية القناة في الاعتماد على نفسها في تغطية اخبار علاقات العراق الدولية داخلوخارج العراق. اظهار إمكانية القناة الفنية والتكنولوجية باستضافة الضيوف عبر الأقمار الصناعيةواعداد التقارير التلفزيونية المختلفة لإغناء الحدث العراقي الدولي بالتفاصيل المهمة والمواد الفنية.المصورة من موقع الحدث

Magic or Miracle?: A Christian Apologetic Response to Current Prophetic Claims in African Congregations

What is the singular subject that currently dominates other issues in African congregations today? What is the dilemma that has seemingly crippled and incapacitated the power of God in its manifestation freely among the believers? What is the topic that attracts attention in social media, television, radio, and newspaper reports every day in the world? It is the pursuit and clamor for a miracle. It is observed that the number of church-goers, miracle-seekers, and miracle-workers is on the increase daily in Christian gatherings. The question remains, “Magic or Miracle?” If it is a miracle that only comes from God, why the craze? The biblical account is full of God’s miracles through His prophets in the Old Testament and through Jesus Christ in the New Testament. Besides, God worked wondrously through the apostles. He is still able to do wonders in this end time. Thus, this paper is a Christian apologetic response to current prophetic claims that are associated with magic but are displayed as miracles. It significantly argues that God is not a magician and miracles do not depend on human efforts. The discourse, therefore, employs the Christian apologetical method in responding to the challenges that these misconstrued conceptions have had on African Christian congregations, with particular reference to Nigeria.

Women and Money Management: Problematising Working-class Subjectivities in French Television Programmes During and after the Post-war Boom

This article looks at French television during and after the post-war period to explore the relationships that programmes systematically established between home-making in social housing, housekeeping money management and women. It sheds light on the gendered dimensions of thrift and dwelling. French 1960’s Television reflected a range of urban transformations characteristic of the period: the development of high-rise estates, social housing, shopping centers. How should people inhabit these new environnements, new structures of dwelling and new services in order to keep up with regular household expenses such as paying rent, utility bills, buying food or covering child rearing costs? Since the 19th century, women had generally managed household budgets as part of the everyday domestic cultures. These heavy financial responsibilities were relayed by televised documentaries prompting questions about the types of in/appropriate activities and attitudes, knowledges and expertises shown on mainstream TV at the time. Television was constantly problematizing working-class subjectivities through women’s voice. On the one hand, television reports showed women always counting the money and thrifting in order to control the household comsumption and to avoid debts. In the documentaries I analyse, the women describe in detail their economic problems and moral economies they are conditioned to operate within. On the other hand, TV programmes were replete with the specialist home economics tips that were meant to spread normative representations of dwelling in order to educate housewives. Women’s activities are tied to the welfare state which is revealed in all its complexity, controlling with one hand the rationalisation of domestic budgets and practices, and, with the other, improving living conditions and protecting individuals against vulnerabilities.

How Perceived Processing Fluency Influences the Illusion of Knowing in Learning From TV Reports

Abstract. The present two-study work aims to contribute to an understanding of the causes and consequences of perceived processing fluency. Regarding its causes, the experimental studies ( N1 = 399; N2 = 337) found that features of television reports (e.g., footage used, background music) can heighten perceptions of processing fluency. Regarding its consequences, it was found that heightened perceived fluency biases metacognitive judgments. Specifically, considering perceived knowledge in relation to actual knowledge, recipients experiencing fluency have been found to overestimate their knowledge about the issue depicted in the experimental stimuli. The resulting illusion of knowing was particularly pronounced under conditions of low involvement, indicating that the so-called ease-of-processing heuristic underlies the effect.

A comparison of Pride Parade’s media representation in Hungary and Ireland

In this study I aim to define and compare lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBTQ) media representation in Hungary and Ireland. The analysis was carried out on television reports about the Pride Parade. News reports were analyzed between 2009 and 2016 on two Hungarian (M1 and RTL Klub) and one Irish (Raidió Teilifís Éireann) television channel. The bases of the comparison were the differences in political discourse and the level of acceptance of LGBTQ people. To analyze this media portrayal, two methods were used: code-based content analysis, and critical discourse analysis. With the two methods, the media frames in which Pride was represented could be defined. RTÉ turned out to be the most accepting of the media under analysis, while RTL Klub emphasized the support of multinational companies, celebrities, and ambassadors for Pride. From 2014, the latter channel’s frame shifted towards sensitization. M1’s framing was the least accepting; by 2013 the distant representation had become hostile and explicitly alienating.

But Can They Write? Television News Industry Assessment of the Skills of Broadcast Journalism Students and Recent Graduates

Broadcast journalism writing and reporting classes are designed to help students develop writing skills for multiple platforms, but many television news professionals think student writing and other necessary skills for the industry need improvement. Television news anchors, reporters, producers, and news directors who completed an online survey found many students need improvement in areas including writing skills, finding story ideas, storytelling, and writing to deadline. Survey participants also identified the need for robust internships and instructors with relevant skills and training. The purpose of this essay is to explore the survey comments which offer suggestions for both the academy and industry to improve multimedia student outcomes.

Design and technological requirements for the production of the TV Media reports by 360 technology

The television report is one of the important templates in the satellite channels, through the delivery of information, details of events and the impressions of specialists to the recipient in a professional manner according to the standards and traditions of television work, which is completely different from other news sources and other templates. Correspondents compete to find different ideas, each according to his point of view and the way in which the information arrives, and the details of the event, whatever the political, cultural, sports. Television journalism in general suffers from a significant lack of attention among viewers. On average it can not keep the viewer's attention for more than forty seconds. But the intense competition between satellite TV on the one hand and between state television on the other makes it difficult to keep the viewer tight in front of the television screen. In order to keep the viewer in front of the screen as long as possible. This will only be achieved by working to provide as much accurate and new information as possible in an attractive and simple template that the viewer accepts. Most television reports, or directed to social media platforms, were very ordinary, sometimes similar, containing the same images and angles. But the BBC produced 360-degree video stories that brought viewers to the center of the event without angles or photo selection. BBC was not the only one. The use of these technologies is an opportunity for interactive journalistic experiences different from those used by the public in the past.This research aims to identify the design and technological requirements and the most important cameras used to produce 360-degree media reports. From Wagih Search: Search adopted in the course on the descriptive approach and analysis Almstkhaddh methods for the production of media reports produced a 360-degree technology, access to how to keep pace, especially in the world of photography and Internet technology for technological development.

Social Media, Venue and the Right to a Fair Trial

Judicial failure to recognize social media’s influence on juror decision making has identifiable constitutional implications. The Sixth Amendment right to a fair trial demands that courts grant a defendant’s change of venue motion when media-generated pretrial publicity invades the unbiased sensibility of those who are asked to sit in judgment. Courts limit publicity suitable for granting a defendant’s motion to information culled from newspapers, radio, and television reports. Since about 2014, however, a handful of defendants have introduced social media posts to support their claims of unconstitutional bias in the community. Despite defendants’ introduction of negative social media in support of their claims, these same courts have yet to include social media in their evaluation of pretrial publicity bias. But social media is media, and as this article demonstrates, trial court judges faced with deciding change of venue motions have a constitutional obligation to include social media in their evaluations. The collective refusal to treat social media the same as biased television, radio, or print media, suggests an erroneous assumption on the part of lower courts that social media is somehow different. This article identifies three reasons as justification for dismissing social media: social media is too recent a medium to fully understand and analyze, social media is not a legitimate news source, and social media is opinion based. Application of pretrial social media publicity to long-standing Supreme Court change of venue doctrine, coupled with its exploration of scientific and social research on social media influence, debunk these lower court rationalizations. This article demonstrates that the reluctance of courts to consider social media evidence when deciding whether to grant a motion for a change of venue is a violation of any defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to a fair trial. On a larger scale, the article demands that courts embrace our new reality. Social media intersects with criminal justice, and our daily lives, in ways that demand judicial recognition.