Teaching About the Environment in Cattle Country: A Reflection on Values and Conflict Kathleen A. Dahl Eastern Oregon University I teach anthropology at a rural university with a student body derived mostly from the surrounding areas. Sixty percent of the students at Eastern Oregon University are from that immediate region, and another 20 percent are from other rural areas. Many of our students come from families that have been ranching or farming or logging for generations, and many students expect to return to these occupations after college. This academic world, for many, is an alien world, filled with bizarre theories and upside-down values diametrically opposed to those learned at home or in the tiny and isolated public school systems in the small towns scattered throughout northeastern Oregon. Students must learn to cope with the disorientation and even shock resulting from exposure to radical ideas and radical professors, at the same time they learn to navigate the urban environs of the sprawling metropolis of La Grande. Lest you think I am exaggerating the extent of such provincialism in our modern age of television, movie videos, and the Internet, let me offer just one illustrative example. I and other professors teach in disciplines that emphasize human biological evolution. The concept of human evolution is so upsetting to some students that they will not even come to class during that portion of the course, and choose to forfeit points on exams rather than hear about evolution. Perhaps the one topic that provokes even more outrage and resistance than evolution is environmentalism, or any environmentally based analysis of human society and behavior. Eastern Oregon is a region still greatly dependent on agricultural activities like farming and ranching, and on the timber industry in one form or another. I say still dependent because these industries are declining a little less rapidly than elsewhere, although declining they are. Declines in the cattle and timber industries, especially, are blamed on government regulations and environmentalists who, it is believed, are successful at limiting the number of trees cut or the areas where cattle may graze. Every mainstream anthropology textbook examines humanity's development from small-scale foraging societies with minimal impacts on the environment, to one global system dominated by high-tech industrial and post-industrial societies based on intensive profit-oriented