Purposeful Research Articles

DEVELOPING STUDENT’S WRITING ABILITY BY OFFERING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES

Teaching writing is not only giving a topic, asking the students to write, and correcting the students’ tasks but it also means teaching students how to develop ideas and how to make improvements in the drafts in order to produce readable and understandable text for the readers. In other words, students’ writing ability is very much influenced by teacher’s role in class. Therefore, teachers should use purposeful and meaningful teaching strategy to help their students in developing their writing ability. This article describes the role of teacher and the use of various techniques in the process of students’writing.

Morality, Teleology, Objectivity, Authority

Morality, Teleology, Objectivity, Authority

WILLIAM ROBERTSON AND SCIENTIFIC THEISM

Scholars have hitherto found little to no place for natural philosophy in the intellectual makeup of the Enlightened historian William Robertson, overlooking his significant contacts with that province and its central relevance to the controversy surrounding David Hume and Lord Kames in the 1750s. Here I reexamine Robertson's Situation of the World at the Time of Christ's Appearance (1755) in light of these contexts. I argue that his foundational sermon drew upon the scientific theism of such thinkers as Joseph Butler, Edmund Law, and Colin Maclaurin to counter the autonomous figurations of the universe associated with Hume and Kames, and to develop a historical account of progress based around Christian progressivism rather than the stadial theory of Adam Smith. Robertson conceived of history neither in secular terms nor in those of traditional religion, but sought instead to update the language of providentialism by naturalizing the sacred within a framework of general laws.

Storytelling as Communication and Ritual: Addiction Narrative Through a Blue Lens

Narrative is a ubiquitous feature of social life, one that has benefited from study across numerous disciplines and domains of everyday practice. Notable among these is the study of narrative in the contexts of modern medicine, especially with regard to addiction. This article argues for a view of narrative as communicative: as complex and symbolically constitutive; as purposeful and effective beyond the act of telling; as other-directed; and as subjunctive and potent in instances of uncertainty. After considering the implications for the study of addiction narrative from this perspective, the article reflects on the assemblage of narrative's performed in the documentary film Through a Blue Lens.

Effectiveness of reflective exercises for obstetrics and gynaecological residents.

To evaluate the effectiveness of reflective exercises in obstetrics and gynaecology (OB/GY) residents for the improvement in certain identified skills. Experimental study. Gynaecology Unit III, Services Institute of Medical Sciences / Services Hospital, Lahore, from September 2009 to August 2010. Twenty-four residents from all 4 years of residency program were included in the study after their informed consent. The competencies identified were surgical skills, professionalism, communication skills and critical appraisal skills. The reflective exercises evaluation was done on questionnaire designed for this purpose. The results showed that the residents initially had underdeveloped ability to engage into purposeful reflective exercises, which improved with practice and showed encouraging results. Reflective exercises particularly helped in improvement of surgical skills as opposed to other identified competencies. Regular engagement of postgraduate trainees in reflective exercises in a purposeful manner has encouraging results in terms of improvement in surgical, communication, critical appraisal skills and has a role in boosting professionalism among residents. However, a longitudinal multicentre study can give better insight regarding the effectiveness of this practice.

Examining the effect of grower demographic and personal characteristics on willingness to pay amounts per information delivery modes in Rwanda

Growers’ demographical and personal characteristics in regards to willingness to pay (WTP) per information delivery mode may have strong influence on the success and viability of privatized extension services. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of growers’ demographic and personal characteristics on their WTP amounts per information delivery mode in the Abahuzamugambi Coffee Growers Cooperative in Butare, Rwanda. Using a traditional questionnaire, we employed a purposeful sampling technique and 306 farmers participated in the study. Through comparative analysis, statistically significant differences were discovered in farmers’ WTP amounts per agricultural information delivery modes based on gender, years of service, and total non-farm expenses. Additional research should be conducted to understand better why these differences exist. Key words: Willingness to pay, delivery modes, extension, Rwanda.

Introduction: A Purposeful Life Well Lived

Introduction: A Purposeful Life Well Lived

Introduction: A Purposeful Life Well Lived

Introduction: A Purposeful Life Well Lived

Purposeful Un-Availment: Why a Justice Brennan Approach to Personal Jurisdiction Would Save Indiana from the Problems of Nicastro

Purposeful Un-Availment: Why a Justice Brennan Approach to Personal Jurisdiction Would Save Indiana from the Problems of Nicastro

Try for educational equity: Clinical evaluation process in nursing students, A Grounded theory study

One of the main domains that has an important role in decision making and ethic is education and learning. Effective evaluation process can trained competent students and it is expected educational system emphasized on preparing students for caring in complex situations and learning in knowledge, attitude and practice .This research aimed to determine clinical evaluation process in nursing students in medical surgical wards. Method: This is a grounded theory study, was done in 2011. Participants were 14 teachers and 24 students in nursing faculty. Sampling was purposeful and did to data saturation .All of participants interviewed and One Note 2010 was used for transcription and coding. For data analysis Straus Corbin 1998 approach was used. Results: In data analysis process from 96 primary category, 16 secondary and then 6 themes emerged. Themes were respecting (to student and his individuality), identification (teacher and student identification from educational situation), presentation (teacher and student presentation), perception (teacher and student perception of their ability and real work environment conflicts), Judgment (surface, unreal goal based, clause, incomplete), response (satisfaction disinterest, change in educational system, try for faire assessment), and core variable was try to educational justice. Conclusion: For educational justice everyone should try use their abilities and take their rules. In each step from respecting, identification, presentation to perception, judgment and response aimed to try for faire assessment and at last try for educational justice that is the aim of any educational activity.

Monadic Teleology without Goodness and without God

Monadic Teleology without Goodness and without God

Théologie rationnelle ou métaphysique ? Les deux sens de la métaphysique chez Dietrich de Freiberg

This article considers the definition of metaphysics of Dietrich of Freiberg (1250-1320) and challenges Albert Zimmermann’s reading of his metaphysics as rational theology. The aim is to prove that metaphysics is not identical to rational theology. First, we inquire into the subject and the proper definition of theology (science of God), distinguished from rational theology (science of being in relation to God). Second, we distinguish rational theology from metaphysics in the proper sense, which is defined by Dietrich as the study of being qua being. Within this framework, metaphysics is the science of being and its consequent properties, organized according to per se modes of predication, and it deals with the formal components of substance. Such a characterisation of metaphysics as different from rational theology offers a new perspective on Dietrich of Freiberg’s sources and influences by revealing a closer proximity to authors such as Avicenna and Aquinas, rather than to Averroes or to neoplatonic thinkers like Master Eckhart (as most scholars assume).

Abraham’s Silence

Adherents and critics of religion both have to face the conundrum of violence committed in the name of religion. Under what conditions would religions that espouse peace provide religious justification for violence? A reading of Kierkegaard’s Fear and Trembling reveals that the exception granted to Abraham, “the teleological suspension of the ethical,” only occurs in the context of “an absolute relation with the Absolute.” Abraham’s relationship with God reorients his relationship with Isaac, thus permitting Abraham to transgress the ethical in sacrificing his son. While this might appear to justify violence in the name of religion, the aporia of Abraham’s silence suggests that he cannot become a category or model for all adherents, that the example of Abraham cannot be mediated or repeated.

School Based Youth Health Nurses and health promotion: The Ottawa what?

Aim: The purpose of this research is to examine School Based Youth Health Nurses experience of health promotion. Background: The School Based Youth Health Nurse Program is a state-wide school nursing initiative in Queensland, Australia. The program employs more than 100 fulltime and fractional school nurses who provide health services in state high schools. The role incorporates two primary components: individual health consultations and health promotion strategies. Design/Methods: This study is a retrospective inquiry generated from a larger qualitative research project about the experience of school based youth health nursing. The original methodology was phenomenography. In-depth interviews were conducted with sixteen school nurses recruited through purposeful and snowball sampling. This study accesses a specific set of raw data about School Based Youth Health Nurses experience of health promotion. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986) is used as a deductive framework for analysis. Results: The findings indicate school nurses have neither an adverse or affirmative conceptual experience of health promotion and an adverse operational experience of health promotion based on the action areas of the Ottawa Charter. Conclusions: The findings of this research are important because they challenge the notion that school nurses are the most appropriate health professionals to do school health promotion. If school nurses are the most appropriate health professionals to do school health promotion, there are implications for recruitment and training and qualifications. If school nurses are not, who are the most appropriate health professionals to do school health promotion ? Implications for Practice: These findings can be applied to other models of school nursing because they relate specifically to school nurses’ experience of health promotion.

The onset of puberty in hybrid Merino ewe lambs born in autumn, in the Lower Danube area.

The Lower Danube area ensures advantageous climate conditions which allow planning of thelambing on a larger period of time (November-March) in comparison to most of the areas in our country. Inthis context, planning of the mating can be done according to the economic interest of the owner. Lambs bornin autumn (November) in the Lower Danube area, are in a more particular situation compared to those born inspring, here or in other areas of the country. In this context, we considered purposeful checking the age of theonset of puberty (first ovulation) in these lambs born in a somehow atypical period for our country.

STRATEGY OF ESTIMATION OF MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL SPECIALISTS’ TRAINING QUALITY

The major principles of elaborating the procedures of estimationare formulated. In this context, qualimetry is consideredas assessing process. Necessity of changing the system of medical education is conditioned by numerous social and professional factors. It is obvious that medicine is a specific field of knowledge. Raised responsibility while making decision, frequently lack of time for gathering necessary data and insufficient information caused by this factor on pathological process, which a patient suffers from, - forces one to say that a doctor is compelled to work under conditions of evident uncertainty. Now, tendencies of withdrawal from integral conservatively - declarative system of medical (pharmaceutical) education can be seen. Numerous non-state educational establishments using new systems, techniques and technologies of training have appeared. An open education, i.e. – a system of organizational, pedagogical and informational technologies in which architectural and structural decisions provide open standards on interfaces, formats and reports of information interchange began forming extensively. However granting to the educational system of qualities of open system is reasoun of cardinal change of its properties. Transition from a principle «education for all life» to a principle «education through all life» is being realized. It should be emphasized that the direction of knowledge transfer is being changed: nowadays, it is not a subject in training who moves to knowledge but there is reverse process – knowledge is conveyed toward a human being. Educational process in open education is based on purposeful, controllable, intensive independent work of the subject in training. In all cases of reforming educational system, the creation of a monitoring system of training quality is of key importance. The quality of training in a concrete discipline or in a speciality in general is characterized by the results of work of the subject in training during a definite period of time. While developing the criteria of functioning of the system of quality of professional training it is necessary to take into account the level of knowledge of a subject of training in three strategic directions - theoretical knowledge, practical skills and skill of applying the received knowledge in practical situations. While developing above mentioned criteria, it is important to provide an integral approach in interpreting the contents of each of three components, namely - rating of the competence of the subject in training. State certification of graduates of HIGH SCHOOLS is of great significance. It is considered as a rating-qualimetric procedure directed to establishing conformities of the degrees of quality in training graduates, who completed educational programs in definite directions of training or a specialities, that meet requirements of corresponding State educational standard of supreme medical (pharmaceutical) education. At the same time, qualimetry rating process penetrates all the stages the process (algorithm) of certifying the quality of training of graduates in HIGHER SCHOOLS and lateron specialists. The general?systemic model of quality in training specialists, which is formalized as rating complex of directed correlations, is suggested. The formula, to a certain degree, displays the rating of quality conformity of the contents of educational programs to requirements of State Educational Programs. The procedures of qualimetry in assessing specialists education quality should be organized so that their competence is realized not as a set of isolated criteria, but as a complete structure of a personality according to requirements of society.

Digitaria exilis (acha/fonio), Digitaria iburua (iburu/fonio) and Eluesine coracana (tamba/finger millet) Non-conventional cereal grains with potentials

Traditional African cereal grains, acha (Digitaria exilis Stapf), iburu (Digitaria iburuaStapf) and tamba (Eluesine coracana) though poorly studied have received an increasing attention by scientists within the last decade as revealed from the literature. They have potential to contribute significantly to whole grain diets, wellness, economic status improvement, and play important role in food security in developing economy. They are considered as health grains in the sense that they are often consumed whole and are gluten-free. Studies have shown that sprouting and fermenting tamba (finger millet) with fungus adds value for effective utilization and provides scope for development of functional food. Like other emerging ancient grains, these cereals with excellent culinary and nutritional properties have potential in new product development as they are believed to represent the highest quality of vitamins, minerals, fibre and the sulphur containing amino acids. Food industry may look into their use as ingredients in product formulation considering growing awareness of a healthy diet and challenging cost of health care. Value addition and exploitation of these cereal grains require concerted and collaborative efforts in terms of infrastructure, funding, innovation, purposeful policies from governments, international donors, academia, food industry, the private sector if the growing population in the sub-Saharan region is to experience the full benefits of cereal grains for active and healthy life; hence this review. Key words: Cereal, wholegrain, Digitaria spp., acha, iburu, Eluesine spp., tamba, raji, finger millet.

They Call It 'Teleological'

They Call It 'Teleological'

The Role of Necessity in Aristotle’s Teleology as Explained by Logical Implication

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The Correlation between Type of Delivery and Umbilical Cord Blood Hemoglobin and Hematocrit in Full- Term Neonates

Introduction: Neonates with lower hemoglobin and Hematocrit are more at risk of iron deficiency anemia. This rate is influenced by several factors. Children's health can be improved by identifying these factors and taking appropriate actions. This study determined the relationship between type of delivery and umbilical cord blood hemoglobin and Hematocrit. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was performed on full-term neonates born in 22-Bahaman hospitals in Gonabad, Iran, during 2011. The sample size was determined based on previous studies and means comparison. Purposeful sampling was used to select 90 cases of normal delivery and 90 cases of caesarean section. Cord closure time was similar in both groups. Umbilical vein blood samples were sent to the specific laboratory for hemoglobin and Hematocrit to be measured. The data was analyzed by t-test, Fisher's exact test, Pearson's correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 5% in spss software Results :Our results showed that the mean of hemoglobin in normal delivery and caesarean section cases were 15.11 ± 1.38 and 13.88 ± 1.52, respectively. The difference between the two values was statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the mean of Hematocrit in normal delivery (43.64 ± 4.58) and caesarean section (40.73 ± 4.53) groups (P < 0.001). The results showed a significant difference between hemoglobin and Hematocrit levels in both sexes, i.e. the levels were higher in boys (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Umbilical cord blood hemoglobin and Hematocrit in neonates of caesarean section were less than those with normal delivery. Therefore, the first group is more at risk of iron deficiency anemia. Development and promotion of safe vaginal delivery are recommended to avoid unnecessary complications of cesarean section. Moreover, iron deficiency anemia should be followed and treated in cesarean section cases.