Telenomus Research Articles

Hymenoptera Parasitoid dan Persentase Parasitasi terhadap Berbagai Ulat Pemakan Daun Kelapa Sawit di Kebun Cikasungka PTPN VIII, Cindali, Bogor

Palm oil is one of the plantation commodities in Indonesia and had widespread in Indonesia. One of pests that attack oil palm is insect, and the most damaging pests usually from Lepidoptera. The aim of this study was to determine and counting percent parasitization of the parasitoids that parasitize palm leaf-eating pests in the oil palm plantation of PTPN VIII Cindali, Bogor. The study was conducted in 6 blocks of PTPN VIII Cindali oil palm plantation from September 2014 - June 2015 with observations once a month. Sample was taken by means of each block taken 5 plants in every plots randomly to be observed and palm leaf-eating insects taken to kept until the parasitoid was emerged. The outgoing parasitoids then counted and identificated. The results of the study founds 6 species of palm leaf-eating pests and 5 species of Hymenoptera parasitoids that parasitize these pests. Pests that found were Setora nitens , Amatissa sp., Birthosea bisura , Mahasena corbetti , Metisa plana and Pseudococcus sp. Whereas parasitoids that found were Spinaria spinator , Charops bicolor , Telenomus podisi , Aphanogmus sp. and Acerophagus sp.

Karyotypes of four species of the genus Telenomus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

Karyotypes of four species of the genus Telenomus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

A new sexually dichromatic species of Telenomus Haliday (Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) from India.

A new species of Telenomus which is sexually dichromatic is described and imaged from India.

Sobre la biología del Telenomus fariai Lima, 1927 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), parásito endófago de huevos de algunos Triatominae

A study is presented of the,outstanding aspects of the biology of Central American Telenomus fariai, an endophagolis parasite on eggs or certain Tria­tominae, found on eggs of Triatoma phyllosoma in the laboratory by Dr. Luis M, Penalver of El Salvador. The little wasp was found capable of parasitizing under experimental conditions eggs of T. dimidiata of Costa Rica, of T. phyllosoma of Mexico, of Panstrongylus chinai of Ecuador, and of P. megistus of Brasil. It proved unable to attack eggs of T. infestans of Chile, of Rhodnius prolixus of El Salvador, and of R. pallescens of Panama. The fact that it does not attack eggs of T. infestans is the only difference observed from Telenomus fariai described in Brazil by Costa Lima, other than an apparently inferior capacity for laying and shorter mean duration of life. Infestation may or may not follow the attack on eggs of hemipterae in advanced stages of development; in the negative case, death results occasionally from mechanical injury. Several counts were made of the little wasps developing within the eggs of T. phyllosoma, T. dimidiata, and P. chinai, noting the total number of insects, the number of each sex and the mean number of wasps per egg. The relation­ ship of the latter figures with the size of the host eggs was investigated, and a close relationship was found between the two values: each Telenomus requires from 0.00019 to 0.00025 gm. and from 0.178 to 0.193 mm3. With a variable temperature incubator the influence of temperature on development of Telenomus was demonstrated. At 30° C. complete development was obtained in 19 days on P. chinai and in 20 days in T. phyllosoma. At room temperature development was completed in from 32 to 42 days. Host eggs were dissected just before the parasites left them and groups of females were separated after periods of various length. It was shown that females separated after up to 1 hr. of initial contact with the male gave parth­ enogenetic progeny; fertilization, therefore, occurs after that periodo Measurements were made on females and on both types of males of Telenomus; parthenogenetic males were found to be larger than normal males, and females to be larger than either. Remarks are made on the possibility of biological control of vectors of Chagas disease.

Population dynamics of Telenomus fariai (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a parasite of Chagas' disease vectors. V. Parasite size and vital space.

Some ecological aspects of the developmental process of the endophagous egg parasite Telenomus fariai when reared in Triatoma phyllosoma pallidiPennis eggs, have been investigated. It was shown that mortality among pupae and last instar larvae does not account for the constancy in parasite progeny emergence per host egg, suggesting that if there is any population regulation mechanism based on larval competition, it would be operating among the youngest instars. Simple and multiple linear correlations between parasite size and host egg volume, and progeny production per host egg show that both factors are relevant in determing parasite size, but the effect of progeny production per host egg is on the average three times as important as host egg volume. Vital space (mm3 of host egg volume available per parasite) shows an extremely high correlation (0.970) with parasite size. The elasticity function of vital space on parasite size shows that with increasing values of the former, there is always a higher percentile increase of the latter.

Parasitism of Overwintering Eggs of Apolygus lucorum by Telenomus sp. in Jujube Orchard

Parasitism of Overwintering Eggs of Apolygus lucorum by Telenomus sp. in Jujube Orchard

Natural enemies of lepidopterous borers on maize and elephant grass in the forest zone of Cameroon.

The importance, geographical and temporal distributions of parasitoids of lepidopterous borers on maize and elephant grass, Pennisetum purpureum, were assessed during surveys in farmers' fields in six villages and two on-station trials in the forest zone of Cameroon between 1995 and 1996. The borer species encountered were Busseola fusca (Fuller), Sesamia calamistis Hampson, Eldana saccharina Walker on both host plants, and Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot on maize only. Busseola fusca was the predominant host accounting for 44-57% and 96% on maize and elephant grass, respectively, followed by E. saccharina on maize with 27-39%. Fifteen hymenopterous, two dipterous and one fungal species were found on these stem and cob-borers. Among those were six pupal, six larval, four egg, one larval-pupal parasitoid and four hyperparasitoids. The scelionid parasitoids Telenomus busseolae Gahan and T. isis Polaszek were found on B. fusca eggs in all locations. During the first season, mean egg parasitism was low and ranged between 3.1% and 27% versus 54-87% during the second season. Species belonging to the Tetrastichus atriclavus Waterston complex were recovered from all four borer species. The majority and most common larval and pupal parasitoid species belonged to the ingress-and-sting guild. Larval and pupal parasitism were very erratic and on more than 50% of the sampling occasions no parasitoids were recovered. Parasitoid diversity was higher on elephant grass than maize.

Survey and Tritrophic Interactions between Host Plants, Helopeltis antonii Signoret (Heteroptera:Miridae) and its Egg Parasitoids

The egg parasitoids of Helopeltis antonii Signoret existing in neem endemic area (coastal and hinterland of Tamil Nadu) and in non-neem endemic area (western ghats of Tamil Nadu and coastal Karnataka) are Telenomus sp. laricis group (Scelionidae), Erythmelus helopeltidis Gahan (Mymaridae), Chaetostricha sp. and Ufens sp. (Trichogrammatidae). Telenomus sp. is very much dominant in non-neem endemic areas, whereas Ufens sp. is quite prominent in neem endemic areas. When the eggs of H. antonii laid on neem were exposed for natural parasitism, neem has not exerted any adverse interaction on Telenomus sp.

Species of the genus Telenomus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) with shortened wings.

Species of the genus Telenomus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) with shortened wings.